Introduction to

SSON

pata Science
ARNINGIN THIS
CHAPTER
Whats CData Science?
Life Cycle of Data Science
Applications of Data Science
Jgo,
e rears wealth mattereda lot in
standthis, let us study human life, but now data is
data science, which gaining equal importance in every field. To
is one of the domains of artificial
ompleterms,
.artificial
intelligence is theinteligence
omt2sksthat ordinarily intelligence.
require human intelligence.demonst
The ratedby
ymachines.Itis acomputer systemthat can
pata Science: It is a field of threeimportant cdomains of Al are:
extracting(useful informationfscience concerned with data and techniques aimed at
(omputer Vision::it is a
nfrom them. preserving data sets and
field of
interpret,, and
Naturzl Language
comprehend visualcomputer science
input (pictures orconcerned
i with developing digital systems that
videos)inthe same that humans can.
can process,
Processing: It is the ability of the translation processwayt
communicate and understand each other. between computers and humans to
mis chapter, youwill study data
science in detail.
DATA
zz is defined as facts or
figures, or raw text that can be used by a
2 sOurce of data. In a
school, students' data is stored in a table incomputer.
an
Everything that exists around us can
ther used for analysing their organised manner and that information is
performance.
ice, patientrecords in a hospital, etc.
For example, student records in a
school, employee records in an

Raw Data
Data Processing Information

Figure 5.1: Data Processing Cycle

WHAT IS DATA SCIENCE?

with the; goal of preserving data
Vatascience is atfield of science concerned with data and processes collections and
data scientist is a person who makes use of various tools,
edgorstracitthinmsg , useful information from them. A
and Al models to analyse the data.
devices,
htoday's world an abundance of datais generated and collected from various sources in all organisations. It is
the
ecomingincreasingly difficult to store and
monitor it. Data science is emultidisciplinary approach for extracting
nsights from this data.
Kips
 preparing data for analysis and processing, pertorming
enteomA6Ses
torevealpattens andenable
advanced
stakeholders to drawinformed conclusions
Dat
data
pesentingthe ruts
Ninteligence, machinelearning. deeplearning, andanalyticsareall
a part of data andys ,
B UFECYCLE OF DATA
SCIENCE
The data sceelite cycle focuses on data analysis
and getting insights, which
science.
Stasics,acdh
vIsualisation, machine leaming, deeplearningon it, to find
and
inyolves stepsto pertorm stati
the best possible
Capture Ths phase involves collection of raw data
video from the systems and devices in real time.
Maintain: The data is collected in
from reliable sources in
both structured and efthe
ormof tsolutionthough
ext, diferent phasa
numerial data
tormat for it to be used in
subsequent process models.unstructured formats, but it
integration technologies are usedtosegregatethe
dataintoleaaning, duplication, must bein consste a
Process: During phase, data
this
distributions of valuesi
a
sinthe data to
Analyse: Duringthisphase, theedata
scientist
giveit the
or
team of data datawarehousefor reformat ing,
shape and corntext scientists \ooks for
that
analy or other
sis. ta
generate insights. To extract scientist uses a variety of
computersneed topattens, ranges,
insights
regression, machine learning and from the
eprepared data,sciitentusesific analyseit.
Communi cate: Finally
reports, and other data, using deepl e
programming
arnin g algorith ms, methodologjesto
and more. statistical analysis, analyse the dataa
predictive analtc
la nguages like
visualisations that make the insights andPython, the insights are displaved s gras
understand for decision-makers. R or
their influence on the
business. ease:
CAPTURE
Data Acquisition
" Data Entry
"Signal Reception
" Data Extraction
MAINTAIN
" Data Warehousing
" Data Cleansing
"Data Staging
" Data Processing

COMMUNICATE
" Data Reporting
" Data Visualisation
" Business Inteligence DATA PROCESS
"Decision Making, SCIENCE " Data Mining
Clustering/Classifcation
"Data Modelling
" Data Summarisation

ANALYSE
" Exploratory/Confirmatory
"Predictive Analysis
" Regression
" Text Mining

Qualitative Analysis
Figure 5.2: Life Cycle of Data
Sclence

68
Kips
P/CATIONSOF DATASCIENCE
such as
healthcare for identification and prediction of
encapplications,can be foundin
all sectors today,
M•nutacturingfor
maintenance scheduling and optimising shipping and logistics routes in real-time.
e-commerce for analysis of
Nrdetectionoffraud, transport
tor selt-driving cars, reviews and automating
w learn more about them.
. Letus policies,
incorporatingdata.science intoits services and
: By automated and independent. Data
has become more
Aanking provide the
allowsbanks to keep track of their data and
genNe
solutionstotheir consumers. It
has capabilities for detecting
est
faud, makingloan recommendations,, andresponding to consumer
uenes.
Aealthcare: Inthe healthcare industry, data science methods are
heng usedto examine patients..With the help of the application of
a Science in healthcare, it has nowbecome possible todetect
As nrmptoms of a disease at a very early stage. Physicians can use
dasstication algorithms to detect cancer. Hospitals can further
nstallvarious equipment and devices for the diagnosis of the
pztients. These devices built on top of data science are capable of
collecting data from the patients which helps the doctors to
monitor patients' conditions from remote locations too.
Exommerce: Because of data science models, the e-commerce
ndustry has grown significantly. Customers have a more
pleasant
ifestyle thanks to the
e-commercefacilities that supply the greatest
products based on their needs, Data science
contains a wealth of
ntormation that can assist a recommendation system in
product recommendations based on a user's making
browsing ana
purchasing history.
Transport: Self-driving cars are aprime example of data science in
thselettthe-drraivnspor
on
tatioton recall
ing cars business. Data
ascience algorithms are used by AI
traffic rules and make fast decisions based
sittuation. Our phone's GPS system employs data science
algorithms to offer the optimal route to our destination, which is
entirely dependent on Current traffic conditions as well as the
experience and feedback of users. FRAUDALERT
Frfrauds
aud indetection: You have probably heard about different types
the workplace. By continuously monitoring and auditing,
of
data science algorithms automate the process of fraud detection
andhelpto ffindt the best solution to defeat frauds.
o

69
Kips
 Kecap Artificialintelligence is the
tasks that ordinarily intelligence
Data science,
domains artificial
of
require
computer
human demonstrat
vision and intelligence.
natural
ed by
machines that can
Data is defined as intelligence.
facts or figures, or raw text
Data science is a field of that can be
language processing are tthe perform
science concerned
collections and extracting useful with data and used bya
computer. three
main
Adata
scientist is a person who information
makes use
from them.
of
processes the goal of
with
data.
The data science life
various tools, devices, prese rving data
cycle focuses on
through different phases. data analysis and alg orithms,
getting insights to find
and Al
models to analyse the
the best
BRAIN DEVELOPER possible solution
A.
1.
Fill in the
blanks: SECTION -A
data sets and is a field of
2. A
science concerned with
extracting useful information. data and
3
analyse the data. is a
person who makes use of techniques aimed at preserving
The various tools, devices,
and field is algorithms, and Al modest
4
comnpr
During ehendvisual concerned with
input(pictures videos) the same
developing
or
way
digital systems that
in can process, ney
analyse data and
In generate insights. phase, the data
scientist thathumans can.of scientific
uses a variety methodologjes
e-commerce recommender
purchasing. system provide product recommendations based on a user's browsing
HINTS History
Data Science Data Scients
B. Analyse Computer Vision
State Trueor False:
1

2 Everythingthat exists: aroundus cannot be as Source of data.

Datascience is the multidisciplinary approachfor extractingiinsights fromthis data.
3.
During
4. communicate phase, datascientistslookfor ppatterns to give it the shape.
In the healthcare industry, , data science methods are being usedto examine patients.