MATHEMATICS & STATISTICS

SOLUTION : PRACTICE PAPER – 5

SECTION – A

Q. 1. (i) (b) a tautology

3√3 3
(ii) (a) − ,
2 2
(iii) (b) 0, 1, 2
1 2
(iv) (a) r = i − j + 2 k + λ (3i + 2 j + 6k)
2 3
1
(v) (b) ,∞
4
(vi) (b) − cot x − 4x −2 sin 2x + c

(vii) (d) y = eax

(viii) (c) 18

a b
Q. 2. (i) By sine rule, =
sin A sin B
2 3
∴ =
2 sin B
3
π
∴ sin B = 1 = sin
2
π
∴ B= .
2

(ii) Comparing the equation x2 + 6xy + 9y2 = 0 with ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0, we get
a = 1, 2h = 6, i.e. h = 3 and b = 9

Since h2− ab = (3)2−1(9) = 9 − 9 = 0, the lines represented by x2 + 6xy + 9y2 = 0 are

coincident.

(iii) s dx = s (ex + e−3x) dx

e2x + e−2x
ex

s ex dx + s e−3x dx
e−3x
= ex + +c
−3
1
= ex − 3x + c
3e

(iv) Let f (x) = x3 sin4 x

∴ f (−x) = (−x)3 [sin (−x)]4 = −x3 sin4 x = −f(x)

∴ f (x) is an odd function

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 1

 a
∴ ∫ f (x) dx = 0
−a
π
4
3 4
∴ ∫ x sin x dx = 0.
π
−
4

SECTION – B

Q. 3. (∼ p → q) ∧ (r ↔ s)
≡ (∼ T → T) ∧ (F ↔ F)
≡ (F → T) ∧ T
≡T∧T≡T
Hence, the truth value of the given statement pattern is true (T).

Q. 4. AX = B

∴[ ] X=[ ]
1 2 0 1
−1 3 2 4

By R2+R1, we get, [ ] X=[ ]

1 2 0 1
0 5 2 5
0 1
R2, we get, [ ] X=  2 
1 1 2
By
5 0 1 1
5

4
− −1
By R1−2R2, we get, [ ] X=
1 0 5

0 1 2 1
5
4
− −1
5
∴ X= .
2 1
5

Q. 5. Y

B 150° A
60° 60°
30°
X' O X

Y'
Let OA and OB be the lines through the origin making an angle of 60° with the Y-axis.

Then OA and OB make an angle of 30° and 150° with the positive direction of X-axis.
1
∴ slope of OA=tan 30° =
√3
∴ equation of the line OA is

2 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 1
y= x, i.e. x − √3y = 0
√3
Slope of OB = tan 150°=tan (180° − 30°)
1
= − tan 30° = −
√3
∴ equation of the line OB is
1
y= − x, i.e. x + √3y = 0
√3
∴ required combined equation is

(x−√3y )( x + √3y ) = 0

i.e. x2 − 3y2 = 0.

Q. 6. a+b+c=0
∴ −c = a + b

∴ (− c) ∙ (− c) = (a + b) ∙ (a + b)

∴ | c |2 = a ∙ (a + b) + b ∙ (a + b)

=a∙a+a∙b+b∙a+b∙b

= | a |2 + 0 + 0 + | b |2 ... [a ∙ b = b ∙ a = 0]
=1+1=2 ... [| a | = | b | = 1]
∴ |c|=√2.

Q. 7. The angle between the lines r = a1 + λ b1 and r = a2 + μ b2 is given by

b1 ∙ b2
cos θ = ... (1)
| b1 || b2 |

Here b1 = 2i − 2j + k, b2 = i + 2j + 2k

∴ b1 ∙ b2 = (2i − 2j + k) ∙ (i + 2j + 2k)

= 2(1) + (−2) (2) + 1 (2)

=2−4+2=0

Also, | b1 | = √22 + (−2)2 + 12 = √4+4+1=3

| b2 | = √12 + 22 + 22 = √1+4+4=3
0
∴ from (1), cos θ = = 0 = cos 90°
3×3
∴ θ = 90°

Hence, the angle between the given lines is 90°.

Q. 8. Suppose x ≠ 0.
xa + yb+zc = 0 ... (Given)
∴ xa = − yb − zc

b−( )c
y z
∴ a= − ... [ x ≠ 0]
x x

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 3

 ∴ a is a linear combination of b and c
∴ a, b, c are coplanar.
This is a contradiction
∴ x = 0.
Similarly, y = z = 0
∴ x = y = z = 0.

−1x
Q. 9. Let y = xtan
−1x
Then log y = log ( xtan ) = (tan−1x)(log x)
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
1 dy d
∙ = [ (tan−1 x)(log x) ]
y dx dx
d d
= (tan−1 x) ∙ (log x) + (log x) ∙ (tan−1 x)
dx dx
1 1
= (tan−1 x) × + (log x) ×
x 1 + x2

=y [ ]
dy tan−1 x log x
∴ +
dx x 1 + x2

[ ].
−1x tan−1 x log x
= xtan +
x 1 + x2

π/4

s
1
Q. 10. dx
1 − sin x
− π/4

π/4
1 1 + sin x
= s ∙ dx
1 − sin x 1 + sin x
− π/4

π/4
1 + sin x π/4 1 + sin x
= s 2
dx = ∫ dx
1 − sin x cos2 x
− π/4
− π/4

π/4
1 sin x
= s + dx
cos x cos2 x
2
− π/4

π/4

= s (sec2 x + sec x tan x) dx

− π/4

π/4
= [tan x + sec x]
− π/4

− [tan − + sec − ]
π π π π
= tan + sec
4 4 4 4

π π
= (1 + √2) − − tan + sec
4 4
= (1 + √2) − (− 1 + √2)

=1+√2+1−√2 = 2.

4 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

Q. 11. By symmetry of the parabola, the required area Y
y = x2
is 2 times the area of shaded region OPQR.
From the equation of the parabola, x2 = y,
R
In the first quadrant, x > 0 Q y=4
∴ x=√y
4 4 P
∴ required area = 2 ∫ x dy = 2 ∫ √y dy
0 0 X' O X
4
3

=2[ ] = [y2]40
y2 4 3 Y'
( )
3 3
2 0
4 3 4 32
= (42 − 0) = × 8 = sq units.
3 3 3

4 4 Y
Q. 12. Required area = ∫ (3x +1) dx − ∫ (2x + 1) dx
0 0

1
4

3x +
= ∫ (3x + 1 − 2x − 1) dx
0

y=
4

1
= ∫ x dx

+
2x
0

y=
4 (0, 1)
= [ ] = (16 − 0)
x2 1 O A (4, 0)
X' X
2 0 2

= 8 sq units. x=4
Y'

Q. 13. y sec x = tan x + c

Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
d dy
y (sec x) + sec x ∙ = sec2 x + 0
dx dx
dy
∴ y sec x tan x + sec x ∙ = sec2 x
dx
dy
∴ y tan x + = sec x
dx
dy
∴ + y tan x = sec x
dx
dy
Hence, y sec x = tan x + c is a solution of the differential equation + y tan x = sec x.
dx

Q. 14. When a fair die is thrown, then the sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
Let X denote the number of factors of the number on upper face.
Then X can take values 1, 2, 3, 4.
When X = 1, then X = {1}

∴ n (X) = 1
n(X) 1
∴ P (X = 1) = =
n(S) 6
When X = 2, then X = {2, 3, 5}

∴ n (X) = 3

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 5

 n(X) 3
∴ P (X = 2) = =
n(S) 6
When X = 3, then X = {4}

∴ n (X) = 1
n(X) 1
∴ P (X = 3) = =
n(S) 6
When X = 4, then X = {6}

∴ n (X) = 1
n(X) 1
∴ P (X = 4) = =
n(S) 6
∴ the probability distribution of X is as follows :

X=x 1 2 3 4
1 3 1 1
P (X = x)
6 6 6 6

SECTION – C
1 1 1
Q. 15. 2 tan−1 = tan−1 + tan−1
3 3 3
1 1
+
3 3 3+3
= tan−1 tan−1
1 1 9−1
1− ×
3 3
6 3
= tan−1 = tan−1
8 4
1 1 3 1
∴ 2 tan−1 + tan−1 = tan−1 + tan−1
3 7 4 7
3 1
+
4 7 21 + 4
= tan−1 tan−1
3 1 28 − 3
1− ×
4 7
25
= tan−1 = tan−1 (1)
25
π π
= tan−1 tan =
4 4

= ..
1 1 π
Hence, 2 tan−1 + tan−1
3 7 4

Q. 16. Let m1 and m2 be the slopes of the lines represented by the equation
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0. ... (1)
Then their separate equations are
y = m1x and y = m2x
∴ their combined equation is
( m1x − y )( m2x − y ) = 0

i.e. m1m2x2 − ( m1 + m2 ) xy + y2 = 0 ... (2)

6 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 Since (1) and (2) represent the same two lines, comparing the coefficients, we get
m1m2 − ( m1+m2 ) 1
= =
a 2h b
2h a
∴ m1 + m2 = − and m1m2 =
b b
∴ ( m1 − m2 )2 = ( m1 + m2 )2− 4m1m2

4h2 4a 4(h2 − ab)

= − =
b2 b b2

∴ | m1 − m2 | = | |
2ghh2 − ab
b
If θ is the acute angle between the lines, then

tan θ= | | , if m1m2 ≠ − 1
m1 − m2
1 + m1m2

=| | , if ≠ − 1
(2ghh2 − ab)/b a
1 + (a/b) b

| , if a + b ≠ 0.
2ghh2 − ab
∴ tan θ =|
a+b

Q. 17. Let a =i + 2j + k and b = − i + 3j + 4k.

i j k

Then a × b = 1 2 1
−1 3 4
= (8 − 3)i − (4 + 1) j + (3 + 2)k
= 5i − 5j + 5k
∴ ∣ a × b ∣ = gh52 + ( − 5)2 + 52 = ef25 + 25 + 25 = 5e3
Unit vectors perpendicular to the plane of a and b
± (a × b) ± (5i − 5j + 5k)
= =
∣a×b∣ 5e3

( i − j + k)
e3
=±

∴ required vectors of magnitude 10e3 perpendicular to the plane of a and b

10e3(i − j + k)
= ± 10 (i − j + k).
e3
=±

Q. 18. LHS = [a + b b + c c + a]

= (a + b)∙ {(b + c) × (c + a)}

= (a + b)∙ {b × c + b × a + c × c + c × a}

= (a + b) ∙ (b × c + b × a + c × a) ... [ c × c = 0]

= a ∙ {(b × c) + (b × a) + (c × a)} + b ∙ {(b × c) + (b × a) + (c × a)}

= a ∙ (b × c) + a ∙ (b × a) + a ∙ (c × a) + b ∙ (b × c) + b ∙ (b × a) + b ∙ (c × a)

= [a b c] + [a b a] + [a c a] + [b b c] + [b b a] + [b c a]

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 7

 = [a b c] + 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + [a b c]

= 2 [a b c]

= RHS.

x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 x − x2 y − y2 z − z2
Q. 19. The lines = = and = = intersect, if
a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1
a1 b1 c1 =0 ... (1)
a2 b2 c2

Here, (x1, y1, z1 ) ≡ (1, − 1, 1), ( x2, y2, z2 ) ≡ (2, − m, 2),

a1 = 2, b1 = 3, c1 = 4, a2 = 1, b2 = 2, c2 = 1
Substituting these values in (1), we get
2−1 −m+1 2−1
2 3 4 =0
1 2 1

1 1−m 1
∴ 2 3 4 =0
1 2 1

∴ 1 (3 − 8) − (1 − m)(2 − 4) + 1 (4 − 3) = 0

∴ − 5 + 2 − 2m + 1 = 0

∴ − 2m = 2 ∴ m = − 1.

Q. 20. The equation of the plane parallel to the plane x − 2y + 2z − 4 = 0 is

x − 2y + 2z + λ = 0 ... (1)
Now, distance of this plane from the point (1, 2, 3)

=| |
1(1) + ( − 2)(2) + 2(3) + λ
gh12 + ( − 2)2 + 22

=| |=| |
1−4+6+λ λ+3
ef1 + 4 + 4 3
But this distance is given to be 1.
λ+3 λ+3
∴ =1 =±1
∴
3 3
λ+3 λ+3
∴ = 1 or = −1
3 3
∴ λ + 3 = 3 or λ + 3 = − 3
∴ λ=0 or λ = − 6
Hence, the equations of the required planes are

x − 2y + 2z = 0 and x − 2y + 2z − 6 = 0.

Q. 21. x myn = (x + y)m + n

∴ log (x myn) = log (x + y)m + n

8 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 ∴ log xm + log yn = log (x + y)m + n
∴ m log x + n log y = (m + n) log (x + y)

Differentiating both sides w.r.t.x, we get

1 1 dy 1 d
m× +n× = (m + n) × ∙ (x + y)
x y dx x + y dx
m n dy m + n dy
∴ + = 1+
x y dx x + y dx

m n dy m + n m + n dy
∴ + = +
x y dx x + y x + y dx

n m + n dy m + n m
∴ − = −
y x + y dx x + y x

∴[ ]
nx + ny − my − ny dy mx + nx − mx − my
=
y(x + y) dx x(x + y)

∴[ ]
nx − my dy nx − my
=
y(x + y) dx x(x + y)
1 dy 1
∴ =
y dx x
dy y
∴ = .
dx x

Q. 22. Let the required point on the curve y = efx − 3 be P (x1, y1).

Differentiating y = efx − 3 w.r.t. x, we get

dy d 1 d
= (efx − 3) = ∙ (x − 3)
dx dx 2efx − 3 dx
1 1
= × (1 − 0) =
2efx − 3 2efx − 3
∴ slope of the tangent at (x1, y1)

=( )
dy 1
=
dx at (x1, y1) 2efx1 − 3
−6
Since this tangent is perpendicular to 6x + 3y − 5 = 0 whose slope is = − 2,
3
−1 1
slope of the tangent = =
−2 2
1 1
∴ =
2efx1 − 3 2

∴ efx1 − 3 = 1

∴ x1 − 3 = 1 ∴ x1 = 4

Since (x1, y1) lies on y = efx − 3, y1 = efx1 − 3

When x1 = 4, y1 = ef4 − 3 = ± 1

Hence, the required points are (4, 1) and (4, − 1).

Q. 23. Let I = ∫(log x)2 dx = ∫(log x)2 ∙ 1 dx

= (log x)2 ∫ 1 dx−s [

d
(log x)2 ∙ ∫1 dx] dx
dx

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 9

 d
= (log x)2 ∙ x−s 2 log x ∙ (log x) ∙ x dx
dx
1
= x (log x)2−s 2 log x × × x dx
x

= x (log x)2−2 ∫(log x) ∙ 1 dx

= x (log x)2−2[(log x) ∫ 1 dx−s { (log x) ∫ 1 dx } dx]

d
dx

= x (log x)2−2 [(log x) x−s

1
× x dx]
x
= x (log x)2−2x log x+2 ∫ 1 dx
= x (log x)2−2x log x+2x+c

= x [ (log x)2−2 log x+2 ]+c.

π
2
Q. 24. Let I = s
1
1 +eftan x
3
dx
0

π
2
=s
1
dx
1 +ij
0
3
sin x
cos x
π
ef
2
=s
3
cos x
ef +ef
3 3
dx ... (1)
0 c os x sin x
a a

We use the property, s f (x)dx = s f (a − x)dx.

0 0
π
Hence, in I, we change x by − x.
2

ijcos ( − x)
π 3 π
2
∴ I= s
2
dx
ijcos ( − x) + 3ijsin ( − x)
0 3 π π
2 2
π
ef
2
=s
3
sin x
ef +ef
3 3
dx ... (2)
0 s in x cos x

Adding (1) and (2) we get

π π
ef ef
2 2
2I = s 3 s
3 3
cos x sin x
0 efcos x +efsin x 0efsin x +efcos x
3
dx + 3 3
dx

π
efcos x +ef
23
=s
3
sin x
ef ef
3 3
dx
0 c os x + sin x
π
2
= s 1 dx = [x]0
π/2

π π
= −0=
2 2

10 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 π
∴ I=
4
π
2
Hence, s
1 π
1 +eftan x
3
dx = .
0 4

∞
Q. 25. Since f is the p.d.f. of X, ∫ f (x) dx=1
−∞
−2 2 ∞
∴ ∫ f (x) dx+ ∫ f (x) dx+ ∫ f (x) dx=1
−∞ −2 2

2
∴ 0+ ∫ k (4−x2) dx+0=1
−2

2
∴ k ∫ (4−x2) dx=1
−2

∴ k [4x− ] =1
x3 2
3 −2

∴ k [ 8− −(−8+ )]=1
8 8
3 3

16 16
∴ k + =1
3 3
32 3
∴ k =1 ∴ k=
3 32
∞
(i) P (X > 0)= ∫ f (x) dx
0

2 ∞
=∫ f (x) dx+ ∫ f (x) dx
0 2

2
=∫ k (4−x2) dx+0
0

2
=k ∫ (4−x2) dx
0

[4x− ] ... [ ∵ k= ]
2
3 x3 3
=
32 3 0 32

[8− ] = × = .
3 8 3 16 1
=
32 3 32 3 2

1
(ii) P (−1 < X < 1)= ∫ f (x) dx
−1

1
= ∫ k (4−x2) dx
−1

1
=k ∫ (4−x2) dx
−1

[4x− ] ... [∵ k = ]
1
3 x3 3
=
32 3 −1 32

[ (4− )−(−4+ ) ]
3 1 1
=
32 3 3

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 11

 ( + )
3 11 11
=
32 3 3

( )
3 22
=
32 3

11
= .
16

Q. 26. Let X=number of correct answers.

p=probability that a candidate gets correct answer from three possible answers.
1 1 2
∴ p= and q=1−p=1 − =
3 3 3
Given : n=5

∴ X ∼ B (5, )
1
3
The p.m.f. of X is given by

P (X=x)=nCx px qn−x, x=0, 1, 2, 4, 5

i.e. p (x)=5Cx ( ) ( ) , x=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

1 x 2 5−x
3 3
P (four or more correct answers)=P [ X ≥ 4 ]=p(4)+p(5)

=5C4 ( ) ( ) +5C5 ( ) ( )
1 4 2 5−4 1 5 2 5−5
3 3 3 3

=5×( ) ×( ) +1×( ) ( )
1 4 2 1 1 5 2 0
3 3 3 3

=( ) [ 5 × + ]
1 4 2 1
3 3 3

=( ) [ + ] = ×
1 4 10 1 1 11 11
=
3 3 3 81 3 243
11
Hence, the probability of getting four or more correct answers= .
243

SECTION – D

Q. 27. Let p : the switch S1 is closed

q : the switch S2 is closed
∼ p : the switch S1′ is closed or the switch S1 is open
∼ q : the switch S2′ is closed or the switch S2 is open
Then the logical expression of the given circuit is
p  (∼p ∼q)  q
Using the laws of logic, we have
p  (∼p ∼q)  q
≡ [p  (∼p ∼q) ]  q ... (By Associative Law)
≡ [(p ∼p)  (p ∼q)]  q ... (By Distributive Law)
≡ [F  (p ∼q)]  q ... (By Complement Law)

12 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 ≡ (p ∼q)  q ... (By Identity Law)
≡ p  (∼q  q) ... (By Associative Law)
≡pF ... (By Complement Law)
≡F ... (By Identity Law)
∴ the circuit will never work and it will be always off irrespective of the status of
switches.
Hence, the lamp will not glow irrespective of the status of switches.

Q. 28. Let the three numbers be x, y and z.

According to the given conditions
x+y+z=2
2y + x + z = 1, i.e. x + 2y + z = 1
and 5x + y + z = 6
Hence, the system of linear equations is
x+y+z=2
x + 2y + z = 1
5x + y + z = 6
These equations can be written in matrix form as :
1 1 1 x 2
1 2 1 y  = 1 
5 1 1 z 6
By R2 − R1 and R3 − 5R1, we get
1 1 1 x 2
 0 1 0   y =  − 1 
0 −4 −4 z −4
x+y+z 2
∴  0+y+0  = −1 
0 − 4y − 4z −4
By equality of matrices
x+y+z=2 ... (1)
y= −1
− 4y − 4z = − 4 ... (2)
Substituting y = − 1 in (2), we get
4 − 4z = − 4
∴ 4z = 8
∴ z=2
Substituting y = − 1, z = 2 in (1), we get
x−1+2=2
∴ x=1
∴ x = 1, y = − 1, z = 2
Hence, the required numbers are 1, − 1, 2.

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 13

Q. 29. By sine rule
a b c
= = =k
sin A sin B sin C

∴ a = k sin A, b = k sin B, c = k sin C

RHS = ( ) cot
b−c A
b+c 2

=( ) cot
k sin B − k sin C A
k sin B + k sin C 2

=( ) cot
sin B − sin C A
sin B + sin C 2

2 cos ( )∙sin ( ) cos A

B+C B−C
2 2 2
= ×
2 sin ( )∙cos ( ) sin
B+C B−C A
2 2 2

cos ( − )∙sin ( ) cos A

π A B−C
2 2 2 2
= × ... [ ∵ A + B + C = π ]
sin ( − )∙cos ( ) sin
π A B−C A
2 2 2 2

A A
sin cos
× tan ( )×
2 B−C 2
=
A 2 A
cos sin
2 2

= tan ( )
B−C
2

= LHS.

Q. 30. First we draw the lines AB, OC and AD whose equations are x + 2y = 50, 2x − y = 0 and

2x + y = 100 respectively.

Line Equation Points Sign Region

AB x + 2y = 50 A ( 50 , 0) B (0, 25) ≥ non-origin side of the line AB

OC 2x − y = 0 O (0, 0) C (10, 20) ≤ the side where B lies

AD 2x + y = 100 A (50, 0) D (0, 100) ≤ origin side of the line AD

14 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 Y Scale : On both X-axis and
D Y-axis : 1 cm = 10 units
100

90

80

2x
+
70

y=

0
10

y=
0
60

−
2x
50 P

40

30
B
20 C

10

A
X' O 10 20 30 40 50 x 60 X
+2
y =5
0
Y'

The feasible region is BCPDB which is shaded in the graph.

The vertices of the feasible region are B (0, 25), C (10, 20), P and D (0, 100).
P is the point of intersection of the lines
2x + y = 100 ... (1)
and 2x − y = 0
On adding, we get
4x = 100 ∴ x = 25
∴ from (1), 2(25) + y = 100
∴ 50 + y = 100 ∴ y = 50
∴ P = (25, 50)
The values of the objective function z = x + 2y at these vertices are
z ( B ) = 0 + 2(25) = 50, z (C) = 10 + 2(20) = 50
z ( P ) = 25 + 2(50) = 125, z (D) = 0 + 2(100) = 200
∴ z has minimum value 50 at two consecutive vertices B and C.
∴ z has minimum value 50 at every point of segment joining the points B (0, 25) and
C (10, 20).
Hence, there are infinite number of optimal solutions.

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 15

Q. 31. y = sin (m cos − 1x)
∴ sin− 1y = m cos− 1x
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
1 dy −1
gh1 − x2
∙ = m×
gh1 − y2 dx

∴ gh1 − x2∙
dy
= − mgh1 − y2
dx
2
∴ (1 − x2) ( ) = m2(1 − y2)
dy
dx
2
∴ (1 − x ) ( ) = m2 − m2y2
2dy
dx
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
2 2
(1 − x )∙ ( ) + ( ) ∙
2 d dy dy d d
(1 − x2) = 0 − m2∙ (y2)
dx dx dx dx dx
2
∙ 2 − 2x ( ) = − 2m2y
dy d2y dy dy
∴ (1 − x2)∙ 2
dx dx dx dx
dy
Cancelling 2 throughout, we get
dx
d2y dy d2y dy
(1 − x2) − x = − m2y ∴ (1 − x2) −x + m2y = 0.
dx2 dx dx2 dx

Q. 32. Let the height of the cone be x. If the radius of its base is r, then r 2 = l2 − x2.
∴ the volume of the cone
O
1 π
= πr2x = (l 2 − x2) x
3 3 α
π 2
= ( l x − x3) = f (x ) ... ( Say ) x l
3
π
∴ f ′(x ) = (l 2 − 3x2 ) and f (x ) = − 2πx
3
π A C r B
Now, f ′(x ) = 0, when ( l 2 − 3x2 ) = 0,
3
i.e. when 3x2 = l2, i.e. when x = ± l / e3.
Since x is not negative, x = l / e3 and

f ( ) = − 2π ( )<0
l l
e3 e3
∴ by the second derivative test, f has a maximum, when x = l / e3.
∴ when the volume of the cone is maximum, its height
= x = l/e3 and the radius of its base

= r = ghl2 − x2 = ghl 2 − ( l 2 / 3 ) =
le2
e3
.

Let α be the semi-vertical angle of the cone.

r le2 /e3
Then tan α = = =e2
x l/e3
∴ α = tan − 1e2 .
Hence, the semi-vertical angle of the cone of maximum volume is tan−1(e2).

16 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII

 d x d d
Q. 33. [e ∙f (x)] = e x∙ [ f (x)] + f (x)∙ (e x)
dx dx dx
= e x∙f ′(x) + f (x)∙ex = ex [ f (x) + f ′(x)]
∴ by the definition of indefinite integral
∫ex [ f (x) + f ′(x)] dx = ex ∙ f (x) + c
To evaluate : ∫(2 + cot x − cosec2x) exdx :
Let I = [2 + cot x − cosec2x] exdx

= ∫ ex [2 + cot x − cosec2x] dx

Put f (x) = 2 + cot x

d d d
∴ f ′(x) = (2 + cot x) = (2) + (cot x)
dx dx dx
= 0 − cosec2x = − cosec2x
∴ I = ∫ ex [ f (x) + f ′(x) ] dx

= ex f (x) + c = ex (2 + cot x ) + c.

Q. 34. Let θ °C be the temperature of the body at time t. The temperature of the surrounding
is given to be 20 °C.

According to Newton’s law of cooling

dθ
∝ θ − 20
dt
dθ
∴ = − k( θ − 20), where k › 0
dt
dθ
∴ = − k dt
θ − 20
On integrating, we get

∫θ −120 dθ = − k ∫ dt
∴ log (θ − 20) = − kt + c
Initially, i.e. when t = 0, θ = 100
∴ log (100 − 20) = − k × 0 + c ∴ c = log 80
∴ log (θ − 20) = − kt + log 80
∴ log (θ − 20) − log 80 = − kt

∴ log ( ) = − kt
θ − 20
... (1)
80
Now, when t = 20, θ = 60

∴ log ( ) = − k × 20
60 − 20
80

∴ log ( ) = − 20k ∴ k = − log ( )

40 1 1
80 20 2

∴ (1) becomes, log ( ) = − log ( )

θ − 20 t 1
80 20 2
When θ = 30, then

log ( )= log ( )
30 − 20 t 1
80 20 2

PRACTICE PAPER − MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS (SOLUTIONS) : STD. XII 17

 t

∴ log ( ) = log ( )
1 1 20
8 2
t

∴ ( ) = =( )
1 20 1 1 3
2 8 2
t
∴ =3 ∴ t = 60
20
Hence, the body will cool down to 30°C in 60 minutes, i.e. in 1 hour.
————

18 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. XII