Structural Engineering Department

Steel Bridges STE 8422 (2023/2024)

Quiz 1 Exam (Model 1)
Max Grade: (10 marks)
Mansoura University Duration (35 Minutes) Faculty of Engineering
1) Calculate horizontal wind load pressure (loaded case) 𝑝𝑥 = 𝐶ℎ 𝐶𝑠 𝐾𝑞 where 𝑞 = 68𝑘𝑔/𝑚2 , 𝐾 =
𝐶𝑠 = 1.0, 𝐶ℎ from the following table
Main girder total height = 1.7m, slab thickness= 25cm, haunch thick = 5cm, bridge total width =
12m
b/d ≥ 4 3 2 ≤1
𝐶ℎ 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.4

𝑑 = ℎ𝑀𝐺 + 𝑡𝑠 + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝑐𝑎𝑟 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1.7 + 0.25 + 0.05 + 3.0 = 5.0

𝑏 12
= = 2.4 → 𝐶ℎ = 1.68 → 𝑝𝑥 = 1.68(1.0)(1.0)(68) = 114𝑘𝑔/𝑚2
𝑑 5

2) Calculate the plastic moment resistance for composite beam (top flange = 30x2cm, bottom flange
30x2, steel web 120x1, haunch 5cm, slab thick 25cm with effective width 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 300𝑐𝑚, 𝑓𝑦 =
3.6𝑡/𝑐𝑚2 , 𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 40𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝑛 = 8). Note that the plastic neutral axis lies in the slab

𝐴𝑠 = 30𝑥2 + 120𝑥1 + 30𝑥2 = 240𝑐𝑚2

𝐶 = 𝑇 → 𝑏𝐸𝑓𝑓 (𝑎) ∗ 0.67𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 → 300(𝑎) ∗ 0.67 ∗ 0.4 = 240(3.6) → 𝑎 = 10.76𝑐𝑚
𝑎 ℎ𝑤𝑒𝑏 10.76 120
𝑀𝑝 = 𝑇 (𝑡𝑠 − + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + ) = 240(3.6) (25 − +5+ ) = 731𝑡. 𝑚
2 2 2 2
 3) Check flange local buckling for steel section (top flange = 30x2cm, bottom flange 40x2, steel
web 120x1) with ℎ𝑐 = 82𝑐𝑚 (compression web height) 𝒇𝒃𝒖 = 𝟏. 𝟖𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 , 𝒇𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟎
𝛌𝐫𝐰 = 𝟏𝟑𝟕, 𝛌𝐩𝐟 = 𝟗. 𝟎, 𝛌𝐫𝐟 = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟎, 𝑭𝒚𝒄 = 𝟑. 𝟔𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐

2(82 ∗ 1) 𝟏
𝑎𝑤𝑐 = = 5.46 𝒇𝒃𝒖 + 𝒇𝒍 < ∅𝒇 𝑭𝒏𝒄 , ∅𝒇 = 𝟎. 𝟖
30𝑥1 𝟑
𝟐𝒉𝒄 𝟐(𝟖𝟐)
= = 𝟏𝟔𝟒 > 𝛌𝐫𝐰 = 𝟏𝟑𝟕 𝟏, 𝝀𝒇 ≤ 𝝀𝒑𝒇
𝒕𝒘 𝟏
𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝑹𝑷𝑮 𝑭𝒚𝒄 { 𝝀𝒇 − 𝝀𝒑𝒇
[𝟏 − 𝟎. 𝟒 ( )] , 𝝀𝒇 > 𝝀𝒑𝒇
5.46 𝝀𝒓𝒇 − 𝝀𝒑𝒇
𝑅𝑃𝐺 = 1 − ( ) (164 − 137) = 0.975
1200+300∗5.46

0.5𝑏𝑓𝑐 0.5(30) 𝟐𝒉𝒄 𝒕𝒘

𝜆𝑓 = 𝑡𝑓
= 2
= 7.5 < 𝛌𝐩𝐟 𝒂𝒘𝒄 =
𝒃𝒇𝒄 𝒕𝒇𝒄
𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝑹𝑷𝑮 𝑭𝒚𝒄 (𝟏) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟕𝟓 ∗ 𝟑. 𝟔 = 𝟑. 𝟓𝟏 𝟐𝒉𝒄
𝟏, ≤ 𝛌𝐫𝐰
𝒕𝒘
𝟏 𝑹𝑷𝑮 =
𝒇𝒃𝒖 + 𝒇𝒍 = 𝟏. 𝟖 < ∅𝒇 𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟖(𝟑. 𝟓𝟏) = 𝟐. 𝟖 𝒂𝒘𝒄 𝟐𝒉𝒄
𝟑 𝟏−( ) (𝝀𝒘 − 𝝀𝒓𝒘 ), > 𝛌𝐫𝐰
{ 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝒂𝒘𝒄 𝒕𝒘
safe
 Structural Engineering Department
Steel Bridges STE 8422 (2023/2024)
Quiz 1 Exam (Model 2)
Max Grade: (10 marks)
Mansoura University Duration (35 Minutes) Faculty of Engineering
1) Calculate horizontal wind load pressure (Unloaded case) 𝑝𝑥 = 𝐶ℎ 𝐶𝑠 𝐾𝑞 where 𝑞 = 68𝑘𝑔/𝑚2 ,
𝐾 = 𝐶𝑠 = 1.0, 𝐶ℎ from the following table
Main girder total height = 1.7m, slab thickness= 25cm, haunch thick = 5cm, bridge total width =
7.5m, bridge span = 30m
b/d ≥ 4 3 2 ≤1
𝐶ℎ 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2

𝑑 = ℎ𝑀𝐺 + 𝑡𝑠 + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1.7 + 0.25 + 0.05 + 1.0 = 3.0

𝑏 7.5
= = 2.5 → 𝐶ℎ = 1.5 → 𝑝𝑥 = 1.5(1.0)(1.0)(68) = 102𝑘𝑔/𝑚2
𝑑 3

2) Calculate the plastic moment resistance for steel beam only (top flange = 25x1cm, bottom flange
25x1, steel web 150x1) 𝑓𝑦 = 3.6𝑡/𝑐𝑚2.
Plastic neutral axis lies in middle of the beam

ℎ𝑤𝑒𝑏
𝐶𝑤𝑒𝑏 = 𝑇𝑤𝑒𝑏 = (𝑡𝑤 )𝑓𝑦 = 270𝑡, 𝑇𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = 𝐶𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = 𝑏𝑓 𝑡𝑓 𝑓𝑦 = 25(1)(3.6) = 90
2
ℎ𝑤 ℎ𝑤 𝑡𝑓 150 150 1
𝑀𝑝 = 𝑇𝑤𝑒𝑏 ( ) ∗ (2) + 𝑇𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ( + ) ∗ 2 = 270 ( ∗ 2) + 90 ( + )∗2
4 2 2 4 2 2
= 338𝑡. 𝑚
 3) Check flange lateral torsional buckling for steel section (top flange = 30x2cm, bottom flange
40x2, steel web 120x1) with ℎ𝑐 = 82𝑐𝑚 (compression web height), unsupported length = 150
cm, web shedding load factor 𝑹𝑷𝑮 = 𝟎. 𝟗, 𝑭𝒚𝒄 = 𝟑. 𝟔𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 , 𝒇𝒃𝒖 = 𝟐. 𝟐𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 , 𝒇𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟎

𝟑𝟎 𝟏
𝒓𝒕 = = 7.18𝑐𝑚 𝒇𝒃𝒖 + 𝒇𝒍 < ∅𝒇 𝑭𝒏𝒄 , ∅𝒇 = 𝟎. 𝟖
82 ∗ 1 𝟑
√12 (1 +
3(30𝑥2)) 𝟏, 𝑳𝒃 ≤ 𝑳𝑷
𝟒𝟓𝒓𝒕 𝑳𝒃 − 𝑳𝑷
𝑳𝒃 = 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝒄𝒎 ≤ 𝑳𝒑 = = 𝟏𝟕𝟎. 𝟑 𝟏 − 𝟎. 𝟒 ( ), 𝑳𝒑 < 𝑳𝒃 ≤ 𝑳𝒓
𝑳𝒓 − 𝑳𝑷
√𝑭𝒚𝒄 𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝑹𝑷𝑮 𝑭𝒚𝒄
𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟎𝟎
𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝑹𝑷𝑮 𝑹𝒆 𝑭𝒚𝒄 (𝟏) = 𝟎. 𝟗(𝟏. 𝟎)(𝟑. 𝟔) = 𝟑. 𝟐𝟒𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 , 𝑳𝒃 > 𝑳𝒓
𝑳 𝟐
( 𝒃 ) 𝑭𝒚𝒄
{ 𝒓𝒕
𝟏
𝒇𝒃𝒖 + 𝒇𝒍 = 𝟐. 𝟐 < ∅𝒇 𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟖(𝟑. 𝟐𝟒) = 𝟐. 𝟔
𝟑 𝟒𝟓𝒓𝒕 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝒓𝒕 𝒃𝒇𝒄
𝑳𝒑 = , 𝑳𝒓 = , 𝒓𝒕 =
safe √𝑭𝒚𝒄 √𝑭𝒚𝒄 𝒉 𝒕
√𝟏𝟐 (𝟏 + 𝟑𝒃𝒄 𝒕𝒘 )
𝒇𝒄 𝒇𝒄
 Structural Engineering Department
Steel Bridges STE 8422 (2023/2024)
Quiz 1 Exam (Model 3)
Max Grade: (10 marks)
Mansoura University Duration (35 Minutes) Faculty of Engineering
1) Calculate vertical wind load pressure (Loaded case) 𝑝𝑧 = 𝐶𝑣 𝐶𝑠 𝐾𝑞 where 𝑞 = 68𝑘𝑔/𝑚2, 𝐾 =
𝐶𝑠 = 1.0, 𝐶𝑣 from the following table
Main girder total height = 1.7m, slab thickness= 25cm, haunch thick = 5cm, bridge total width =
12m, bridge span = 30m
b/d ≥ 4 3 2 ≤1
𝐶𝑣 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.65

𝑑 = ℎ𝑀𝐺 + 𝑡𝑠 + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝑐𝑎𝑟 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1.7 + 0.25 + 0.05 + 3.0 = 5.0

𝑏 12
𝑑
= 5
= 2.4 → 𝐶ℎ = 0.74 → 𝑝𝑥 = 0.74(1.0)(1.0)(68) = 50𝑘𝑔/𝑚2

2) Calculate the plastic moment resistance for composite beam (top flange = 25x1cm, bottom flange
25x1, steel web 150x1, haunch 5cm, slab thick 20cm with effective width 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 360𝑐𝑚, 𝑓𝑦 =
3.6𝑡/𝑐𝑚2 , 𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 40𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝑛 = 8). Note that the plastic neutral axis lies in the slab

𝐴𝑠 = 25𝑥1 + 150𝑥1 + 25𝑥1 = 200𝑐𝑚2

𝐶 = 𝑇 → 𝑏𝐸𝑓𝑓 (𝑎) ∗ 0.67𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 → 360(𝑎) ∗ 0.67 ∗ 0.4 = 200(3.6) → 𝑎 = 7.46𝑐𝑚
𝑎 ℎ𝑤𝑒𝑏 7.46 150
𝑀𝑝 = 𝑇 (𝑡𝑠 − + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + ) = 200(3.6) (20 − +5+ ) = 693𝑡. 𝑚
2 2 2 2
 3) Check shear strength for steel section (top flange = 30x2cm, bottom flange 40x2, steel web
120x1, 𝒇𝒚𝒘 = 𝟑. 𝟔𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 ) with ℎ𝑐 = 82𝑐𝑚 (compression web height) 𝑽𝒖 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓𝒕 (assume no
vertical stiffener). If the check is unsafe, mention only how to increase the shear strength.

𝐾𝑠 = 5 𝑽 𝒖 ≤ ∅𝒗 𝑽 𝒏 , ∅𝒗 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓,
𝒉𝒘 𝟏𝟐𝟎 𝑲𝒔
= = 𝟏𝟐𝟎 > 𝟒𝟖√ = 𝟓𝟕 𝒉𝒘
𝒕𝒘 𝟏 𝑭𝒚𝒘 𝟏, ≤ 𝛌𝐯𝐰
𝒕𝒘
𝟒𝟖 𝑲𝒔 𝟒𝟖
√ 𝟓 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟕
𝑽𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟖𝑭𝒚𝒘 (𝒉𝒕𝒘 )
𝑪= 𝒉 √𝑭 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎 𝟑.𝟔
𝒉𝒘
𝒕𝒘
𝒚𝒘 𝑪, > 𝛌𝐯𝐰
{ 𝒕𝒘
𝑽𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟖𝑭𝒚𝒘 (𝒉𝒕𝒘 )(𝑪) = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟖(𝟑. 𝟔)(𝟏𝟐𝟎)(𝟏)(𝟎. 𝟒𝟕)
= 𝟏𝟏𝟕. 𝟕
𝑲𝒔 𝟒𝟖 𝑲𝒔
𝑽𝒖 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓 > ∅𝒗 𝑽𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓(𝟏𝟏𝟕. 𝟕) = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒕 unsafe 𝛌𝐯𝐰 = 𝟒𝟖√ , 𝑪= √
𝑭𝒚𝒘 𝒉 𝑭𝒚𝒘
𝒕𝒘
Use vertical stiffeners 𝟓
Ks = 𝟓 +
𝒂 𝟐
(𝒉)
 Structural Engineering Department
Steel Bridges STE 8422 (2023/2024)
Quiz 1 Exam (Model 4)
Max Grade: (10 marks)
Mansoura University Duration (35 Minutes) Faculty of Engineering
4) Calculate horizontal wind load pressure (loaded case) 𝑝𝑥 = 𝐶ℎ 𝐶𝑠 𝐾𝑞 where 𝑞 = 52𝑘𝑔/𝑚2 , 𝐾 =
𝐶𝑠 = 1.0, 𝐶ℎ from the following table
Main girder total height = 1.7m, slab thickness= 25cm, haunch thick = 5cm, bridge total width =
10m
b/d ≥ 4 3 2 ≤1
𝐶ℎ 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.1

𝑑 = ℎ𝑀𝐺 + 𝑡𝑠 + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝑐𝑎𝑟 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1.7 + 0.25 + 0.05 + 3.0 = 5.0

𝑏 10
= = 2.0 → 𝐶ℎ = 1.3 → 𝑝𝑥 = 1.3(1.0)(1.0)(52) = 68𝑘𝑔/𝑚2
𝑑 5

5) Calculate the plastic moment resistance for composite beam (top flange = 40x2cm, bottom flange
40x2, steel web 150x1, haunch 5cm, slab thick 25cm with effective width 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 240𝑐𝑚, 𝑓𝑦 =
3.6𝑡/𝑐𝑚2 , 𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 40𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝑛 = 8). Note that the plastic neutral axis lies in the slab

𝐴𝑠 = 40𝑥2 + 150𝑥1 + 40𝑥2 = 310𝑐𝑚2

𝐶 = 𝑇 → 𝑏𝐸𝑓𝑓 (𝑎) ∗ 0.67𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 → 240(𝑎) ∗ 0.67 ∗ 0.4 = 310(3.6) → 𝑎 = 17.35𝑐𝑚
𝑎 ℎ𝑤𝑒𝑏 17.35 150
𝑀𝑝 = 𝑇 (𝑡𝑠 − + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + ) = 310(3.6) (25 − +5+ ) = 1075𝑡. 𝑚
2 2 2 2
 6) Check flange local buckling for steel section (top flange = 30x1cm, bottom flange 40x2, steel
web 150x1) with ℎ𝑐 = 85𝑐𝑚 (compression web height) 𝒇𝒃𝒖 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 , 𝒇𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟎
𝛌𝐫𝐰 = 𝟏𝟑𝟕, 𝛌𝐩𝐟 = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟎, 𝛌𝐫𝐟 = 𝟐𝟐. 𝟎, 𝑭𝒚𝒄 = 𝟐. 𝟖𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐

2(95 ∗ 1) 𝟏
𝑎𝑤𝑐 = = 6.33 𝒇𝒃𝒖 + 𝒇𝒍 < ∅𝒇 𝑭𝒏𝒄 , ∅𝒇 = 𝟎. 𝟖
30𝑥1 𝟑
𝟐𝒉𝒄 𝟐(𝟗𝟓)
= = 𝟏𝟗𝟎 > 𝛌𝐫𝐰 = 𝟏𝟑𝟕 𝟏, 𝝀𝒇 ≤ 𝝀𝒑𝒇
𝒕𝒘 𝟏
𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝑹𝑷𝑮 𝑭𝒚𝒄 { 𝝀𝒇 − 𝝀𝒑𝒇
[𝟏 − 𝟎. 𝟒 ( )] , 𝝀𝒇 > 𝝀𝒑𝒇
6.33 𝝀𝒓𝒇 − 𝝀𝒑𝒇
𝑅𝑃𝐺 = 1 − ( ) (190 − 137) = 0.89
1200+300∗6.33

0.5𝑏𝑓𝑐 0.5(30) 𝟐𝒉𝒄 𝒕𝒘

𝜆𝑓 = 𝑡𝑓
= 1
= 15 < 𝛌𝐩𝐟 𝒂𝒘𝒄 =
𝒃𝒇𝒄 𝒕𝒇𝒄
𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝑹𝑷𝑮 𝑭𝒚𝒄 (𝟏) = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟗 ∗ 𝟐. 𝟖 = 𝟐. 𝟒𝟗 𝟐𝒉𝒄
𝟏, ≤ 𝛌𝐫𝐰
𝒕𝒘
𝟏 𝑹𝑷𝑮 =
𝒇𝒃𝒖 + 𝒇𝒍 = 𝟏. 𝟓 < ∅𝒇 𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟖(𝟐. 𝟒𝟗) = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟗 𝒂𝒘𝒄 𝟐𝒉𝒄
𝟑 𝟏−( ) (𝝀𝒘 − 𝝀𝒓𝒘 ), > 𝛌𝐫𝐰
{ 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟎𝟎𝒂𝒘𝒄 𝒕𝒘
safe
 Structural Engineering Department
Steel Bridges STE 8422 (2023/2024)
Quiz 1 Exam (Model 5)
Max Grade: (10 marks)
Mansoura University Duration (35 Minutes) Faculty of Engineering
4) Calculate horizontal wind load pressure (Unloaded case) 𝑝𝑥 = 𝐶ℎ 𝐶𝑠 𝐾𝑞 where 𝑞 = 51𝑘𝑔/𝑚2 ,
𝐾 = 𝐶𝑠 = 1.0, 𝐶ℎ from the following table
Main girder total height = 1.7m, slab thickness= 25cm, haunch thick = 5cm, bridge total width =
9m, bridge span = 30m
b/d ≥ 4 3 2 ≤1
𝐶ℎ 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2

𝑑 = ℎ𝑀𝐺 + 𝑡𝑠 + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑟 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1.7 + 0.25 + 0.05 + 1.0 = 3.0

𝑏 9
= = 3.0 → 𝐶ℎ = 1.6 → 𝑝𝑥 = 1.6(1.0)(1.0)(51) = 82𝑘𝑔/𝑚2
𝑑 3

5) Calculate the plastic moment resistance for steel beam only (top flange = 30x2cm, bottom flange
30x2, steel web 100x1) 𝑓𝑦 = 3.6𝑡/𝑐𝑚2.
Plastic neutral axis lies in middle of the beam

ℎ𝑤𝑒𝑏
𝐶𝑤𝑒𝑏 = 𝑇𝑤𝑒𝑏 = (𝑡𝑤 )𝑓𝑦 = 180𝑡, 𝑇𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = 𝐶𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = 𝑏𝑓 𝑡𝑓 𝑓𝑦 = 216
2
ℎ𝑤 ℎ𝑤 𝑡𝑓 100 100 2
𝑀𝑝 = 𝑇𝑤𝑒𝑏 ( ) ∗ (2) + 𝑇𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 ( + ) ∗ 2 = 180 ( ∗ 2) + 216 ( + )∗2
4 2 2 4 2 2
= 310𝑡. 𝑚
 6) Check flange lateral torsional buckling for steel section (top flange = 35x2cm, bottom flange
40x2, steel web 120x1) with ℎ𝑐 = 95𝑐𝑚 (compression web height), unsupported length = 200
cm, web shedding load factor 𝑹𝑷𝑮 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓, 𝑭𝒚𝒄 = 𝟐. 𝟖𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 , 𝒇𝒃𝒖 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 , 𝒇𝒍 = 𝟎. 𝟎,

𝟑𝟓 𝟏
𝒓𝒕 = = 8.38𝑐𝑚 𝒇𝒃𝒖 + 𝒇𝒍 < ∅𝒇 𝑭𝒏𝒄 , ∅𝒇 = 𝟎. 𝟖
𝟑
√12 (1 +
95 ∗ 1
)
3(35𝑥2) 𝟏, 𝑳𝒃 ≤ 𝑳𝑷
𝑳𝒃 − 𝑳𝑷
𝟒𝟓𝒓𝒕 𝟏 − 𝟎. 𝟒 ( ), 𝑳𝒑 < 𝑳𝒃 ≤ 𝑳𝒓
𝑳𝒃 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝒄𝒎 ≤ 𝑳𝒑 = = 𝟐𝟐𝟓 𝑳𝒓 − 𝑳𝑷
𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝑹𝑷𝑮 𝑭𝒚𝒄
𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟎𝟎
√𝑭𝒚𝒄 , 𝑳𝒃 > 𝑳𝒓
𝑳 𝟐
𝟐 ( 𝒃 ) 𝑭𝒚𝒄
𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝑹𝑷𝑮 𝑭𝒚𝒄 (𝟏) = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓(𝟐. 𝟖) = 𝟐. 𝟑𝟖𝒕/𝒄𝒎 { 𝒓𝒕

𝟏
𝒇𝒃𝒖 + 𝒇𝒍 = 𝟏. 𝟓 < ∅𝒇 𝑭𝒏𝒄 = 𝟎. 𝟖(𝟐. 𝟑𝟖) = 𝟏. 𝟗 𝟒𝟓𝒓𝒕 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝒓𝒕 𝒃𝒇𝒄
𝟑 𝑳𝒑 = , 𝑳𝒓 = , 𝒓𝒕 =
√𝑭𝒚𝒄 √𝑭𝒚𝒄 𝒉 𝒕
safe √𝟏𝟐 (𝟏 + 𝟑𝒃𝒄 𝒕𝒘 )
𝒇𝒄 𝒇𝒄
 Structural Engineering Department
Steel Bridges STE 8422 (2023/2024)
Quiz 1 Exam (Model 6)
Max Grade: (10 marks)
Mansoura University Duration (35 Minutes) Faculty of Engineering
4) Calculate vertical wind load pressure (Loaded case) 𝑝𝑧 = 𝐶𝑣 𝐶𝑠 𝐾𝑞 where 𝑞 = 45𝑘𝑔/𝑚2, 𝐾 =
𝐶𝑠 = 1.0, 𝐶𝑣 from the following table
Main girder total height = 1.7m, slab thickness= 25cm, haunch thick = 5cm, bridge total width =
15m, bridge span = 30m
b/d ≥ 4 3 2 ≤1
𝐶𝑣 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.65

𝑑 = ℎ𝑀𝐺 + 𝑡𝑠 + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + 𝑐𝑎𝑟 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1.7 + 0.25 + 0.05 + 3.0 = 5.0

𝑏 15
𝑑
= 5
= 3.0 → 𝐶ℎ = 0.8 → 𝑝𝑥 = 0.8(1.0)(1.0)(45) = 36𝑘𝑔/𝑚2

5) Calculate the plastic moment resistance for composite beam (top flange = 35x2cm, bottom flange
35x2, steel web 200x1, haunch 5cm, slab thick 20cm with effective width 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑓 = 400𝑐𝑚, 𝑓𝑦 =
2.8𝑡/𝑐𝑚2 , 𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 25𝑀𝑃𝑎 (𝑛 = 10). Note that the plastic neutral axis lies in the slab

𝐴𝑠 = 35𝑥2 + 200𝑥1 + 35𝑥2 = 340𝑐𝑚2

𝐶 = 𝑇 → 𝑏𝐸𝑓𝑓 (𝑎) ∗ 0.67𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 → 400(𝑎) ∗ 0.67 ∗ 0.25 = 340(2.8) → 𝑎 = 14.21𝑐𝑚
𝑎 ℎ𝑤𝑒𝑏 14.21 200
𝑀𝑝 = 𝑇 (𝑡𝑠 − + 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑢𝑛𝑐ℎ + ) = 340(2.8) (20 − +5+ ) = 1122𝑡. 𝑚
2 2 2 2
 6) Check shear strength for steel section (top flange = 30x2cm, bottom flange 40x2, steel web
200x1, 𝒇𝒚𝒘 = 𝟐. 𝟖𝒕/𝒄𝒎𝟐 ) with ℎ𝑐 = 92𝑐𝑚 (compression web height) 𝑽𝒖 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒕 (assume no
vertical stiffener). If the check is unsafe, mention only how to increase the shear strength.

𝐾𝑠 = 5 𝑽 𝒖 ≤ ∅𝒗 𝑽 𝒏 , ∅𝒗 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓,
𝒉𝒘 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝑲𝒔
= = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 > 𝟒𝟖√ = 𝟔𝟒 𝒉𝒘
𝒕𝒘 𝟏 𝑭𝒚𝒘 𝟏, ≤ 𝛌𝐯𝐰
𝒕𝒘
𝟒𝟖 𝑲𝒔 𝟒𝟖
√ 𝟓 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟐𝟏
𝑽𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟖𝑭𝒚𝒘 (𝒉𝒕𝒘 )
𝑪= 𝒉 √𝑭 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝟑.𝟔
𝒉𝒘
𝒕𝒘
𝒚𝒘 𝑪, > 𝛌𝐯𝐰
{ 𝒕𝒘
𝑽𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟖𝑭𝒚𝒘 (𝒉𝒕𝒘 )(𝑪) = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟖(𝟐. 𝟖)(𝟐𝟎𝟎)(𝟏)(𝟎. 𝟑𝟐)
= 𝟏𝟎𝟒𝒕
𝑲𝒔 𝟒𝟖 𝑲𝒔
𝑽𝒖 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 > ∅𝒗 𝑽𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓(𝟏𝟎𝟒) = 𝟖𝟖𝒕 unsafe 𝛌𝐯𝐰 = 𝟒𝟖√ , 𝑪= √
𝑭𝒚𝒘 𝒉 𝑭𝒚𝒘
𝒕𝒘
Use vertical stiffeners 𝟓
Ks = 𝟓 +
𝒂 𝟐
(𝒉)