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Chart of Clauses

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taestigma 14
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83 views4 pages

Chart of Clauses

Uploaded by

taestigma 14
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Variations in clause patterns

Type of variation Example Additional information

Passivization This lovely song was composed Applied to preserve the topic at
by Paul McCartney. the beginning of the clause and
to take the new information to
the end.

Subject-complement Subject-verb inversion:


Into the fog ran the tourist.
switching
(Instead of: The tourist ran into
the fog)
Subject-operator inversion:
So slowly did Albert walk that...
(Instead of: Albert walked so
slowly that...)
Adverb + verb + subject
Never have I seen anything like
this.
(Instead of: I have never seen
anything like this)
Adverb + subject + verb
Off we go!
(Instead of: We go off!)
Thematic re-ordering Fronting: Brings attention to the element
Her courage we admire. that has been placed in the
Postponement: beginning or the ending of the
Under the bed lies a dirty sock. sentence.

Extraposition It is a shame how they treated To respect the principle of


Anticipatory "it" you! ‘End-weight’.
(Instead of: How they treated
you is a shame!) - Complex structures are
This is an extraposed subject! disliked in subject position,
thus there is a tendency to move
I like it when days are sunny. them towards the end of the
(Like verbs need a noun after sentence.
them, not a clause)
- In English there is a
I consider it wrong to cheat preference for placing long,
your partner. complex constituents toward
(It cannot be omitted because it the end of the clause because in
is the direct object) this position they seem easier to
understand or process.
Existential "there" There were some kids fooling Announces the existence of
around. something previously not
(Instead of: Some kids were
fooling around) known to the hearer.

Cleft and Pseudo-Cleft It cleft: Used to draw special attention


It was the police he called. to particular information within
Sentences
(Instead of: He called the the clause.
police)
Wh- cleft:
What I really need is another
credit card.
(Instead of: I really need
another credit card)

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