HKDSE Mathematics in Action (3rd Edition) 5A - Chapter 03 Inequalities - Full Solution

3 Inequalities
3 Inequalities Review Exercise 3 (p. 3.6)

1. (a) (b) (c)
t d
Basic Knowledge Review

(d) (e) t
Let’s Try (p. 3.4)

1. (a) 7( x 3) 3x 1 2. (a) x !1 (b) x d 1
7 x 21 3x 1 3
(c) xt (d) x 1
7 x 3x 1 21 2 2
x5
Graphical representation: 3. (a)
(b)
x 1 x 3
(b) d
7 3
(c)
3( x 1) d 7( x 3)
3x 3 d 7 x 21
4 x d 24
4 x 24 (d)
t
4 4
xt6
Graphical representation:
4. 5 x 4
x 1
x !1
2. ' 42 4(5)(7)
156
!0 5. 2x 1 d x 3
ġ ɺġ The graph of y 5 x 4 x 7 has two x-intercepts.
2 2 x x d 3 1
x d 2
Since the coefficient of x is –1 ( 0), the graph
2
3. (a) (i)
opens downwards.
(ii) When y 0,
x 2 x 12 0 3x 2
6. t 4
x 2 x 12 0 5
( x 4)( x 3) 0 3 x 2 t 20
x 4 or x 3 3 x t 18
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are –4 and 3. x t 6
Since the coefficient of x is 9 (! 0), the graph
2
(b) (i)
opens upwards.
(ii) When y 0,
9 x 2 12 x 4 0
x
(3x 2)2 0 7. 6t x
4
2
x x 24 t 4 x
3
x 4 x t 24
ɺġ The x-intercept of the graph is 2 .
3 3 x t 24
xd8
1 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

HKDSE Mathematics in Action (3rd Edition) 5A Full Solutions
8. 2( x 1) ! 3(1 x) 15. (a) Since the coefficient of x2 is 8 (> 0), the graph opens
2 x 2 ! 3 3x upwards.
2 x 3x ! 3 2 (b) When y = 0,
x ! 1 8 x 2 40 x 50 0
x 1
4 x 2 20 x 25 0
(2 x 5) 20
5
x
2
2x 6 x 1 ɺ The x-intercept of the graph is 5 .
9. d1 2
3 2
2(2 x 6) 3( x 1) d 6
Activity
4 x 12 3 x 3 d 6
7 x d 21 Activity 3.1 (p. 3.7)
xd3 (a) 6 7 8 9 10
(b) 8 9 10
(c) 8 9 10
Activity 3.2 (p. 3.20)

10. ' (4) 2 4(1)(3) 1. Route 2 > route 1. So, AB + BC > AC.
4
!0 2. Distance Distance
Inequality to
travelled travelled
ɺ The graph of y x 4 x 3 has two x-intercepts.
2
through through
compare the
distances
route 1 route 2
11. ' (4)2 4(4)(1) From A to C AC AB + BC AB + BC > AC
From A to B AB AC + CB AC + CB > AB
0
From B to C BC BA + AC BA + AC > BC
ɺ The graph of y 4 x 2 4 x 1 has one x-intercept.
Activity 3.3 (p. 3.27)
12. ' 5 4(2)(15)
2
1. x2 2 x 3 0
95 ( x 3)( x 1) 0
0 x 3 or x=1
ɺ The graph of y 2 x 2 5 x 15 has no x- ɺ D 3, E 1
intercepts.
2. (a)
13. (a) x2 x 6 0 Values of y
Above/below Range of
( x 3)( x 2) 0 (positive/
the x-axis values of x
x 3 or x 2 negative)
above positive x < –3
(b) When y = 0, below negative –3 < x < 1
2 x 2 2 x 12 0
x2 x 6 0 above positive x>1
x 3 or x 2 (from (a))
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are 3 and 2. (b) (i) x 3 or x ! 1
(ii) 3 x 1
14. (a) Since the coefficient of x2 is 3 (< 0), the graph opens
downwards. 3. (a) x 3 or x ! 1
(b) When y = 0,
(b) 3 x 1
3x 2 6 x 9 0
x2 2x 3 0 Activity 3.4 (p. 3.37)
( x 1)( x 3) 0 1. x 3 ; 3 x 2 ; x ! 2
x 1 or x 3
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are 1 and 3.

3 Inequalities
2. Classwork (p. 3.14)

x < –3 x 3 –3 < x < 2 x 2 x>2 Compound Graphical representations
inequality of the two linear inequalities
– 0 + + +
– – – 0 + x ! 3 or x t 7
+ 0 – 0 +
x d 5 or x 4
3. (a) x < 3 or x > 2
(b) 3 < x < 2

x ! 3 or x 6
(c) x d 3 or x t 2
(d) 3 d x d 2 x t 2 or x d 0
Maths Dialogue Solutions of the compound inequality

Compound
Algebraic
Maths Dialogue (p. 3.39) inequality Graphical representation
representation
Yes. We can use the graphical method or the algebraic methods x!3
learnt to solve the inequality.
or x>3
xt7
Classwork xd5
Classwork (p. 3.8)

or xd 5
x 4
Compound Graphical representations
Inequality of the two linear inequalities
x ! 3
all real values
or
x t 2 and x ! 4 of x
x6
xt2
x 5 and x t 4
or x d 0 or x t 2
xd0
x t 3 and x d 2 Classwork (p. 3.22)

(a) 9
(b) 8
(c) 8
x 3 and x d 1
Classwork (p. 3.29)
(a) 1 d x d 2
Solutions of the compound inequality
Compound
inequality Graphical representation
Algebraic (b) 8 x 2
representation 3
xt2
(c) 1
and x>4 x d 1 or x t
3
x!4
Classwork (p. 3.35)
x5
x 1 ! 0 x 1 0
and 4 d x 5 (a) ® or ®
x t 4 ¯x 5 ! 0 ¯x 5 0
xt3
x 3 t 0 x 3 d 0
and nil no solutions (b) ® or ®
¯x 2 t 0 ¯x 2 d 0
x d 2
x3 x 1 t 0 x 1 d 0
(c) ® or ®
and x d 1 ¯ x 4 d 0 ¯x 4 t 0
x d 1

Classwork (p. 3.38) (b) The integers that satisfy the compound inequality in (a)
(a) 1 x 6 are 0, 1, 2 and 3.
Quick Practice 3.4 (p. 3.11)

(b) 1 d x d 6 4x 3
d 1 3x
2
(c) x 1 or x ! 6
4x 3 d 2 6x
10 x d 5
(d) x d 1 or x t 6
1
xd (1)
2
Quick Practice 1 4x
and 1 3 x d 2
3x 2 t 5 2 6x d 1 4x
(a)
3x t 3 2 x d 1
1
x t1 (1) xt (2)
2
and 8 5 x d 2
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
5 x d 10 1
ɺ The solution of the compound inequality is x .
xt2 (2) 2
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x t 2.
(a) 3x 9 t x 7
2 x t 16
x t 8 (1)
or 6 3 x 33
(b) The smallest integer satisfying both inequalities in (a) is 2.
3 x 27
Quick Practice 3.2 (p. 3.10) x ! 9 (2)
x ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
5x 2 3
2 ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
9x
5 x ! 9 .
2 Graphical representation:
10
x (1)
9
and 5 d x 6
3
15 d x 6 (b) The smallest integer satisfying the compound inequality in
x t 21 ( 2) (a) is –8.
ɻ There are no values of x satisfying both (1) and (2).
ɺ The compound inequality has no solutions. Quick Practice 3.6 (p. 3.16)
1 2x
Quick Practice 3.3 (p. 3.11) (a) 2x 3 t
5
(a) 1 2(1 2 x) 10 x 15 t 1 2 x
1 2 4 x 12 x t 16
4 x ! 3 4
3 xt (1)
x! (1) 3
4 3 6x
x or x 1
and 2(1 2 x) d 13 5
2 3 6 x 5x 5
x x 8 (2)
2 4 x d 13
2 ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
4 8 x d x 26 ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
7 x d 22
x 8 or xt
4.
22 3
xd ( 2) Graphical representation:
7
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
3 22 .
xd
4 7

3 Inequalities
(b) The integers cannot satisfy the compound inequality in (a) Quick Practice 3.9 (p. 3.23)
are –8, –7, ... , 0, 1. (a) By the triangle inequality, we have
ɺ 10 integers cannot satisfy the compound inequalities 4 12 ! 3 x 1
in (a). °
®(3 x 1) 4 ! 12
°(3 x 1) 12 ! 4
Quick Practice 3.7 (p. 3.17) ¯
1§ 7· x 15 ! 3 x
(a) ¨ 2x ¸ ! 1 °
3© 4¹ 4 ®3 x ! 7
°3 x ! 9
2 7 x ¯
x ! 1
3 12 4 x 5
8 x 7 ! 3x 12 °
° 7
®x ! ......(*)
5 x ! 5 ° 3
x ! 1 (1) °
¯ x ! 3
or x ! 3x 2 ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).

2 x ! 2 ɺ 7
x5
3
x 1 (2)
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). (b) The possible values of x are 3, 4.
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all real ɺ 2 triangles can be formed.
values of x except x = –1.
p Quick Practice 3.10 (p. 3.24)
(a) Alan works x hours and Bill works (240 x) hours.
ɻ Bill’s working hour (240 x) is at least 20% longer
than Alan’s (x).
ɺ 240 x t (1 20%) x
240 x t 1.2 x
(b) The largest negative integer satisfying the compound ɻ Alan and Bill get hourly wages of $75 and $60
inequality in (a) is –2. respectively, and their total wage will be more than
$15 900.
ɺ 60(240 x) 75x ! 15 900
3x 1
(a) 1 d ɺ The compound inequality is
4
4 d 3 x 1 ‘ 240 x t 1.2 x and 60(240 x) 75x ! 15 900 ’.
3 d 3 x
(b) 240 x t 1.2 x
x t 1 (1)
240 t 2.2 x
3x 1
and d2 1200
4 xd (1)
11
3x 1 d 8
and 60(240 x) 75 x ! 15 900
3x d 9
14 400 60 x 75 x ! 15 900
xd3 (2)
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 15 x ! 1500
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x ! 100 (2)
1 d x d 3 . ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
1200 .
(b) From (a), the solutions of 1 d 3x 1 d 2 are 100 x d
4 11
1 d x d 3 (3) ɻ x is an integer.
x 1 2x 1 ɺ The greatest possible number of hours Alan worked is
! 109.
2 7
7( x 1) ! 2(2 x 1)
7x 7 ! 4x 2
3x ! 9
x!3 (4)
ɻ x must satisfy (3) or (4).
x t 1 .

Quick Practice 3.11 (p. 3.30) Quick Practice 3.13 (p. 3.31)
Consider the corresponding quadratic function y = x2 – 3x – 10. (a) Consider the corresponding quadratic function
When y = 0, y 9 x2 6 x 1 .
x 2 3x 10 0 When y = 0,
( x 2)( x 5) 0 9x2 6x 1 0
x 2 0 or x 5 0 (3x 1) 2 0
x 2 or x 5 1
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph of y = x2 – 3x – 10 are –2 and x
3
5.
ɻ Coefficient of x2 = 1 > 0 ɺ The x-intercept of the graph of y = 9x2 – 6x + 1 is 1 .
3
ɺ The graph of y = x2 – 3x – 10 opens upwards. ɻ Coefficient of x2 = 9 > 0
Sketch the graph of y = x2 – 3x – 10:
ɺ The graph of y 9 x 2 6 x 1 opens upwards.
Sketch the graph of y 9 x 2 6 x 1 :
From the graph, the solutions of x2 – 3x – 10 < 0 are

2 x 5 .
From the graph, there are no solutions for
Quick Practice 3.12 (p. 3.30) 9 x2 6 x 1 0 .
Consider the corresponding quadratic function
(b) From the graph, the solutions of 9x 6x 1 t 0 are all
2
y x2 4x 2 .
When y = 0, real values of x.
x2 4 x 2 0
x2 4 x 2 0 (a) Consider the corresponding quadratic function
(4) r (4) 2 4(1)(2) y x2 x 1 .
x ɻ Coefficient of x2 = –1 < 0
2(1)
ɺ The graph of y x 2 x 1 opens downwards.
4r 8
Consider x x 1 0 .
2
2
2r 2 ' 12 4(1)(1)
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph of y = –x2 + 4x – 2 are 3
2 2 and 2 2 . 0
ɻ Coefficient of x2 = –1 < 0 ɺ The graph has no x-intercepts.
ɺ The graph of y x 2 4 x 2 opens downwards. Sketch the graph of y x 2 x 1 :
Sketch the graph of y x2 4x 2 :
From the graph, there are no solutions for x x 1 t 0 .

2
From the graph, the solutions of x 4x 2 d 0 are

2
(b) From the graph, the solutions of x x 1 d 0 are all real

2
x d 2 2 or x t 2 2 .
values of x.

3 Inequalities
Quick Practice 3.15 (p. 3.36) Quick Practice 3.20 (p. 3.41)
2 x2 5x 3 d 0 (a) For the corresponding equation x 5x 7 0 ,
2
( x 3)(2 x 1) d 0 ' 5 4(1)(7) 3 0

2
x 3 t 0 x 3 d 0 ɺ The equation has no real roots.

® or ®
¯2 x 1 d 0 ¯2 x 1 t 0 x2 5x 7 0
§ 1· § 1· x2 5x 7 ! 0
¨ x t 3 and x d ¸ or ¨ x d 3 and x t ¸
© 2¹ © 2¹ 2
§5· §5·
2
x2 5x ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ 7 ! 0
1 ©2¹ © 2¹
3 d x d or no solutions
2 2
§ 5· 3
ɺġ The solutions of 2x
2
5x 3 d 0 are 3 d x d 1 . ¨x ¸ !0
2 © 2¹ 4
2
§ 5·
Quick Practice 3.16 (p. 3.36) ɻ ¨ x ¸ t 0 for all real values of x.
© 2¹
x 2 x 20 0 2
§ 5· 3
x 2 x 20 ! 0 ɺ ¨ x ¸ ! 0 for all real values of x.
© 2¹ 4
( x 4)( x 5) ! 0
ɺ The solutions of x 5x 7 0 are all real values
2
x 4 ! 0 x 4 0 of x.
® or ®
¯ x 5 ! 0 ¯x 5 0
(b) For the corresponding equation 2x 2x 3 0 ,
2
( x ! 4 and x ! 5) or ( x 4 and x 5)
x!5 or x 4 ' (2)2 4(2)(3) 20 0
ɺġ The solutions of –x2 + x + 20 < 0 are x < –4 or x > 5. ɺ The equation has no real roots.
2x2 2x 3 d 0
Quick Practice 3.17 (p. 3.38) 2( x 2 x) 3 d 0
x 2 5 x 24 t 0
ª §1· §1· º
2 2
( x 3)( x 8) t 0 2 « x2 x ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ » 3 d 0
x < –3 x = –3 –3 < x < 8 x=8 x>8 ¬« © 2 ¹ © 2 ¹ ¼»
x+3 – 0 + + + § 1· 5
2
x–8 – – – 0 + 2¨ x ¸ d 0
(x + 3)(x 8) + 0 – 0 + © 2¹ 2
2
From the table, the solutions of x 5x 24 t 0 are x d 3 § 1·
2
ɻ 2 ¨ x ¸ t 0 for all real values of x.
or x t 8 . © 2¹
2
§ 1· 5
Quick Practice 3.18 (p. 3.39) ɺ 2 ¨ x ¸ ! 0 for all real values of x.
© 2¹ 2
2 x 2 x 1 ! 0
ɺ There are no solutions for 2x 2x 3 d 0 .
2
2x2 x 1 0
(2 x 1)( x 1) 0 Quick Practice 3.21 (p. 3.44)

° y x kx 1 ......(1)
2
x <1 x =1
1<x<1
x=1 x>1 (a) ®
2 2 2 °̄ y k 2 ......(2)
2x + 1 – 0 + + + By substituting (1) into (2), we have
x–1 – – – 0 + x 2 kx 1 k 2
(2x + 1)(x – 1) + 0 – 0 +
x 2 kx (3 k ) 0
From the table, the solutions of 2x x 1 0 are
2
1 ɻ The straight line y k 2 cuts the graph of

x 1.
2 y x 2 kx 1 at two distinct points.
ɺ The solutions of 2x x 1 ! 0 are 1 x 1 .
2
ɺ x 2 kx (3 k ) 0 has two real roots.
2
ɺ '!0
Quick Practice 3.19 (p. 3.40) (k ) 4(1)(3 k ) ! 0
2
x 2 6 x 9 ( x 3) 2 k 2 4k 12 ! 0
(a) ɻ ( x 3)2 ! 0 for all real values of x except x 3 . (k 6)(k 2) ! 0
ɺ The solutions of x 6 x 9 ! 0 are all real values of
2 k 6 or k ! 2
x except x 3 . ɺ The range of values of k is k 6 or k ! 2.
(b) ɻ ( x 3) 2 t 0 for all real values of x .

ɺ There are no solutions for x 6 x 9 0 .
2

y x 2 (k 2) x 2 ......(1)
° (b) ɻ The area of the triangle is greater than 17 cm2.
(b) ®
°̄ y x k ......(2) 1
ɺ (2 x 1)( x 7) ! 17
By substituting (1) into (2), we have 2
x 2 (k 2) x 2 x k 2 x 2 15 x 7 ! 34
x 2 (k 1) x (k 2) 0 2 x 2 15 x 27 ! 0
ɻ The graph y x 2 (k 2) x 2 and the straight (2 x 3)( x 9) ! 0
line y x k do not intersect. 3
x ! 9 or x (rejected)
ɺ x (k 1) x (k 2)
2
0 has no real roots. 2
ɺ Combining with the result of (a), we have x ! 9.
'0
Since x is an integer, the smallest possible value of x is 10.
(k 1) 2 4(1)( k 2) 0
k 2 2k 1 4k 8 0 Further Practice
k 6k 7 0
2
(k 7)(k 1) 0
Further Practice (p. 3.18)
1. 3x 8 d 2 x 5
7 k 1
x d 13 (1)
ɺ The range of values of k is 7 k 1.
x4
or t1
Quick Practice 3.22 (p. 3.44) 3
The distance between A and B x4t3
(k 2) 2 (3 k ) 2 xt7 (2)
k 2 4k 4 9 6k k 2
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x d 13
2k 2 2k 13
or x t 7 .
AB 4
2k 2 2k 13 4
2k 2 2k 13 16
2k 2 2k 3 0
Note that ' 22 4(2)(3) 28 ! 0. 3
2. ( x 2) d 2 x 5
2
ɺ There are solutions for 2k 2 2k 13 4 .
3( x 2) d 2(2 x 5)
ɺ The distance between A and B can be less than 4.
3 x 6 d 4 x 10
Alternative Solution x d 16
The distance between A and B x t 16 (1)
(k 2) 2 (3 k ) 2 and 2 x 5 9( x 2)
k 4k 4 9 6k k
2 2 2 x 5 9 x 18
7 x 13
2k 2 2k 13
13
Take k = 0. x! (2)
7
AB 2(0) 2 2(0) 13
4 x t 16 .
ɺ The distance between A and B can be less than 4. Graphical representation:

2 x 1 ! 0
(a) Since lengths must be positive, we have ® .
¯x 7 ! 0
2x 1 ! 0 3. 2( x 1) d x 6
x!
1
......(1)
2x 2 d x 6
2 x d 4 (1)
and x 7 ! 0
and x 2 ! 5 x
x ! 7 ......(2) 3
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 4
x!7
ɺ The range of values of x is x ! 7. 3
21
x! (2)
4
ɺ The compound inequality has no solutions.
3 Inequalities
x3 (b) Let y = x – 2.

4. 5 6x
2 y 2 4 y ! 32
10 ( x 3) 12 x y 2 4 y 32 ! 0
13 x 12 x From (a), y < –8 or y>4
13 13 x x – 2 < –8 or x–2>4
x 6 or x!6
x !1 (1)
3 x 5 2( x 2) ɺ The solutions of ( x 2)2 4( x 2) ! 32 are
or
x 6 or x ! 6 .
3x 5 2 x 4
x 1 (2)
2. (a) y 2 15 y 56 d 0
( y 8)( y 7) d 0
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all real
y < –8 y = –8 –8 < y < –7 y = –7 y > –7
values of x except x 1 . y+8 – 0 + + +
Graphical representation: y+7 – – – 0 +
(y + 8)(y 7) + 0 – 0 +
From the table, the solutions of y 2 15 y 56 d 0
are 8 d y d 7 .
§ x· x
5. (a) 2 ¨1 ¸ (b) Let y x.
© 3¹ 2 2
12 4 x 3x y 2 15 y 56 d 0
x 12 ......(1) From (a), 8 d y d 7
or 1 x
x 1 ! x5 8 d d 7
2 2
2 x 2 ! x 10 16 d x d 14
x ! 12 ......(2) x 2 15
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). ɺ The solutions of x 56 d 0 are
4 2
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all
real values of x except x = 12.
16 d x d 14 .
Exercise
Exercise 3A (p. 3.12)

Level 1
(b) From (a), the solutions for x ! 4 (1)
1. ®
ª § x· x 1 º ¯x d 7 (2)
« 2 ¨1 3 ¸ 2 or x 1 ! 2 x 5» are all real
¬ © ¹ ¼ ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
values of x except x = 12, ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
i.e. x z 12 4 xd7 .
ɻ x must satisfy both x z 12 and x t 11. Graphical representation:
11 d x 12 or x ! 12 į
x d 6 (1)
Further Practice (p. 3.40) 2. ®
¯ x d 9 (2)
1. (a) y 2 4 y 32 ! 0
( y 8)( y 4) ! 0 ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
y 8 ! 0 y 8 0 x d 9 .
® or ®
¯ y 4 ! 0 ¯y 4 0 Graphical representation:
( y ! 8 and y ! 4) or ( y 8 and y 4)
y!4 or y 8
2
ɺ The solutions of y + 4y – 32 > 0 are y < –8 or
y > 4.

x ! 2 (1) 8. x 5 d 2(1 x)
3. ®
¯ x ! 5 (2) x 5 d 2 2x
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 3x d 7
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are 7
xd (1)
x!5. 3
Graphical representation: and 2(2 x) t 11 x
4 2 x t 11 x
3x t 7
7
xt (2)
3
x t 1 (1) ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
4. ®
¯ x 4 (2)
ɺ The solution of the compound inequality is x 7 .
ɻ There are no values of x satisfying both (1) and (2). 3
9. (2 x 5) d x 3
5. 3x t 12 2 x 5 d x 3
xt4 (1) 3 x d 8
8
and 2 x 5 t 9 xt (1)
3
2 x t 14
xt7 (2) and x 3 5 x
2x 2
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x t 7. x 1 (2)
Graphical representation: ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
8
d x 1 .
3
6. 4 x 5 11
4 x 16
x4 (1)
and 2( x 1) t 10
x 1 t 5 3 2x
10. ! 3x 5
2
xt6 (2)
3 2 x ! 6 x 10
8 x ! 7
7
x (1)
7. 3x 5 2 x 7 8
x 12 (1) and 3x 5 t 2(2 x 1)
3x 5 t 4 x 2
and x 10 5 x 2
12 4 x x t 7
x!3 (2) xd7 (2)
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
3 < x < 12. 7 .
x
Graphical representation: 8

3 Inequalities
11. 2( x 4) ! 7 x 2 Level 2
2x 8 ! 7 x 2 14. 2 x 5 t 3( x 1)
5 x ! 10 2 x 5 t 3x 3
x2 (1) x t 2
and 4(1 x) t 3(2 x 1) xd2 (1)
4 4x t 6x 3 3 2x
and t x 1
10 x t 1 2
1 3 2x t 2x 2
xd (2)
10 4 x t 1
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 1
xd (2)
1 . ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
xd
10
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x d 1 .
x
12. 3x 2 1
3 1
15. 3x t 1 5x
9x 6 x 3 2
8 x 9 6 x 1 t 2 10 x
9 16 x t 1
x (1)
8 1
xt (1)
x 16
and 3 x 1
2 3x 1
and t 2( x 1)
x 6 2x 2 5
x ! 8 (2) 3 x 1 t 10( x 1)
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 3 x 1 t 10 x 10
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are 7 x t 11
9.
8 x 11
8 xd (2)
7
1 11 .
dxd
16 7
13. (a) x 36 3(2 x 5)
x 36 6 x 15
7 x 21
x3 (1)
and 3(2 x 5) d 16 x 16. 4( x 2) d 3(2 x 1)
6 x 15 d 16 x 4x 8 d 6x 3
5 x d 31 11 d 2 x
31 11
xt (2) xt (1)
5 2
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). and 1 ( x 3) t 1 2( x 1)
31 x 3 t 2 4( x 1)
d x 3.
5 x 5 t 4 x 4
5x t 9
(b) 6 , 1.5 , 0 are the numbers satisfying the 9
compound inequality in (a). xt (2)
5

ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). x 1 2x 1

19. d
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are 6 3
11 . x 1 d 4x 2
xt
2
5 x d 1
1
xt ......(1)
5
2x 1 x 1
and d
3 4
17. x 3 2x 1
d 8 x 4 d 3x 3
3 4
4( x 3) d 3(2 x 1) 5x d 1
4 x 12 d 6 x 3 1
xd ......(2)
15 d 2 x 5
15
xt (1)
2 ɺ The solution of the compound inequality is x 1 .
5
and 2x 1 x 1

4 5
5 x
5(2 x 1) 4( x 1) 20. (a) d6 x
6
10 x 5 4 x 4
5 x d 36 6 x
6x 1
7 x d 31
1
x (2) 31
6 xd (1)
ɻ There are no values of x satisfying both (1) and (2). 7
ɺ The compound inequality has no solutions. 12 x
and 6 x
3
18. x 3(1 x) 18 3 x 12 x
1
2 2 2 x 6
x 2 3(1 x) x!3 (2)
x 2 3 3x ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
2 x 5 ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
5 31 .
x! (1) 3 x d
2 7
3(1 x) 5 x
and d
2 3 (b) The largest integer that satisfies the compound
9(1 x) d 2(5 x) inequality in (a) is 4.
9 9 x d 10 2 x 6 x x
21. (a)
11x d 1 12 4
1 4(6 x ) 12 x
xd (2)
11 24 4 x 12 x
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 24 16 x
3
5 1 . x! (1)
xd 2
2 11
Graphical representation: x
and d 3( x 2)
2
x
d 3x 6
2
5x
d 6
2
12
xt (2)
5
12 .
xt
5
(b) The smallest integer that satisfies the compound

inequality in (a) is 3.

3 Inequalities
6 x 25. (a) 3x 1
22. (a) 1 2x x2
2 2
6 x 2 4x 3x 1 2 x 4
3x 4 x5 (1)
4 and 2 x 1 d 3( x 1)
x ......(1) 2 x 1 d 3x 3
3
and 7 x t 3 xt4 (2)
x t 4 ......(2) ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are 4d x5.
4
4 d x .
3 (b) From (a), the solutions of
‘ 3x 1 x 2 and 2x 1 d 3( x 1) ’ are
(b) The largest integer that satisfies the compound 2
inequality in (a) is –2. 4d x5 (3)
(i) 9
x 1 x xt (4)
23. (a) d1 2
3 5 ɻ x must satisfy both (3) and (4).
5( x 1) 3 x d 15 ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality
5 x 5 3 x d 15 are 9 d x 5 .
2 x d 20 2
(ii) 7
x d 10 (1) x (5)
2
4x 6 ɻ There are no values of x satisfying both (3)
and 3x 4 t
3 and (5).
9 x 12 t 4 x 6 ɺ The compound inequality has no solutions.
5 x t 18
3
18 26. x 2 ! 2(8 x)
xt (2) 2
5 3 x 4 ! 4(8 x)
3 x 4 ! 32 4 x
18 7 x ! 28
d x d 10 .
5 x!4 (1)
and 2 5 x ! k
(b) There are 7 integers that satisfy both the inequalities
in (a). 5 x ! k 2
k 2
x
3( x 5) 12 x 5
24. (a) 2!
2 3 2k
9( x 5) 12 ! 2(12 x)
x (2)
5
9 x 45 12 ! 24 2 x ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
11x ! 33 ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x > 4
x ! 3 (1) and x 2 k .
5
and 2(6 x 1) d 3 x 7 Suppose the solutions are in the form a < x < b. Then,
3 2k
2(6 x 1) d 3(3 x 7) 4 x
5
12 x 2 d 9 x 21 ɺ 4 2 k
3 x d 23 5
20 2 k
23
xd (2) k 18
3
ɺ k can be any value less than –18.
23 .
3 x d
3
(b) The negative integers that satisfy the compound

inequality in (a) are –2 and –1.

Exercise 3B (p. 3.18) 6. 7 2 x 1

Level 1
2 x 8
1. x 2 ……(1)
x!4 (1)
x d 0 ……(2)
or x 3 3( x 3)
x 3 3x 9
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x d 0 .
Graphical representation: 2 x 6
x ! 3 (2)
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x ! 3 .
2. x 5 ……(1) Graphical representation:
x ! 3 ……(2)
x 5 or x ! 3 . 7. 2( x 2) ! 12
Graphical representation: 2 x 4 ! 12
2 x ! 8
x4 (1)
or 4 3x t 9 2 x
3. x5t 0 5 x t 5
xt5 (1) x d 1 (2)
or x6!0 ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
x ! 6 (2) ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x 4 .
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). Graphical representation:
x ! 6 .
8. 3(2 x) t x 9
6 3x t x 9
4 x t 3
4. x 1 ! 0 xd
3
(1)
x ! 1 (1) 4
x3
or x 1 d 0 or 3x 4
2
x d1 (2) 6x 8 x 3
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). 5 x 5
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all real
x 1 (2)
values of x.
p
Graphical p
representation: ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
3.
xd
4
5. 1 d 2x 5
6 d 2x
xt3 (1)
2x 5 t 7 9. 1 3x
or d 1 2x
2 x t 12 2
1 3x d 2 4 x
xt6 (2)
x d1 (1)
or 5( x 1) d 3 x 2
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x t 3.
5 x 5 d 3 x 2
8 x d 3
3
xt (2)
8

3 Inequalities
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).

ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all real ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all real
values of x. values of x except x 2.
10. 4( x 2) ! x 3
4x 8 ! x 3 2(3 x)
13. (a) ! x4
3 x ! 11 5
11 6 2 x ! 5 x 20
x! (1)
3 7 x 26
or 7 x 3 d 1 x x
26
......(1)
3 7
22 x
xd4 or 3! x2
3 2
6 x 6 ! 2x 4
xd (2)
11 x 2 ......(2)
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality
are x d 6 or x ! 11 . 26
11 3 x .
7
(b) –5, –3 and 2.5 are the numbers satisfying the
compound inequality in (a).
Level 2
4x 14. 4( x 4) t 3(2 x 1)
11. 2 4 2x
3 4 x 16 t 6 x 3
10 x 2 x t 19
2
3 19
xd (1)
3 2
x (1)
5 6( x 1)
or 2( x 3) t 4 x 9 or 5x
5
2x 6 t 4x 9 25 x 6 x 6
2 x t 3 19 x 6
3 6
xd (2) x (2)
2 19
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x d 3 . ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
2
19 .
Graphical representation: xd
2
1 x
12. 3x 1
3
9x 3 1 x
10 x 4
2
x (1)
5
x
or 1 2x
2
2 4x x
2 5x
2
x! (2)
5
x ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).

15. 6x 1 1
17
x2
x t 76 .
3 Graphical representation:
6
x (1)
17
3x
or 5( x 1) !1
2
3x x 7 3x
5x 5 ! 1 18. (a) ! 1
2 3 4
7x 4( x 7) ! 3(3 x) 12
!6 4 x 28 ! 9 x 12
2
12 40 ! 5 x
x! (2)
7 x8
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are (b) From (a), the solutions of x 7 ! 3x 1 are
6 or 12 . 3 4
x x!
17 7 x8 (1)
Graphical representation: (i) 2 x 1 ! 0
2 x ! 1
1
x! (2)
2
16. 1 3x
8x d1 are all real values of x.
3 Graphical
p representation:
p
24 x (1 3x) d 3
24 x 1 3x d 3
27 x d 4
4 x
xd (1) (ii) 4!0
27 2
or 53 ! 3(1 x) 2 x
!4
53 ! 3 3x 2 2
48 ! 3x x !8 (3)
x ! 16 (2) ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (3).
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all real are all real values of x except x 8 .
values of x. Graphical representation:
Graphical
p representation:
p
19. (a) 2( x 1) ! 21
17. 15 1 2x 2 x 2 ! 21
6x !
2 2 2 x ! 19
12 x 15 ! (1 2 x)
19
12 x 15 ! 1 2 x x! (1)
2
10 x ! 14
x 1 x 1 x
7 or !
x! (1) 3 5 10
5 10( x 1) 6( x 1) ! 3 x
6(4 x 1)
or d 14 5 x 10 x 10 6 x 6 ! 3 x
5
x ! 16 (2)
6(4 x 1) d 5(14 5 x)
24 x 6 d 70 25 x
x d 76
x ! 16 .
x t 76 (2)
(b) The smallest integer that satisfies the
compound inequality in (a) is 15 .

3 Inequalities
13 2 x (b) From (a), the solutions of

20. (a) ! 5( x 2)
3 ‘ 2 x 11 ! 4 x 3 or 2(2 5x) 7(1 x) ’ are
13 2 x ! 15 x 30 3 5
17 x 17 x 5 or x ! 1 ……(3)
x 1 ......(1) 4x 5
t x 1
3
or 2x
7 d5 4 x 5 t 3x 3
3
x t 2 (4)
21 2 x d 15
2 x d 6
x d 3 ......(2)
x 5 or x t 2 .
ɺ The solutions of (*) are x 1. x x 3
23. (a) t
Graphical representation: 3 6 4
x 3
t
6 4
9
xt (1)
2
(b) The greatest integer satisfying (*) is –2.
and 3x 1 x 2
2
21. (a) 2x 1 x 1
d 3x 1 2 x 4
5 3
x5 (2)
6 x 3 d 5x 5
x d 8 ......(1)
or 2 x 11 9
d x5.
3 x 2
3
9 3 x 2 x 11
5 x ! 20 x x 3
° t
°
x ! 4 ......(2) (b) From (a), the solutions of ® 3 6 4 are
° 3x 1 x 2
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). °̄ 2
d x5 (3)
x ≤ –8 or x > 4. 2
Graphical representation: x 2 ! 3(1 x)
x 2 ! 3 3x
4x ! 5
5
x! (4)
4
(b) The integers cannot satisfy the compound inequality ɻ x must satisfy (3) or (4).
in (a) are –7, –6, ... , 3, 4.
ɺ 12 integers cannot satisfy the compound
5.
inequality in (a). x!
4
2 x 11 4 x
22. (a) ! 3 24. (a) 1 2x 1 x
3 5 !1
9 6
5(2 x 11) ! 3(4 x) 45
2(1 2 x) ! 18 3(1 x)
10 x 55 ! 12 x 45
2 4 x ! 18 3 3 x
2 x ! 10
7 x ! 19
x 5 (1) 19
x (1)
or 2(2 5 x) 7(1 x) 7
4 10 x 7 7 x x3
or ! 6 x
3x 3 2
x ! 1 (2) x 3 ! 12 x
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). 13x ! 3
x! (2)
x 5 or x ! 1 . 13

ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). 2. By the triangle inequality, we have

ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are 5 11 ! x
19 or 3 . °
x x! ® x 5 ! 11
7 13 ° x 11 ! 5
¯
(b) From (a), the solutions of x 16
°
‘ 1 2 x ! 1 1 x or x 3 ! 6 x ’ are ®x ! 6 ......(*)
9 6 2 ° x ! 6
19 or 3 ……(3) ¯
x x!
7 13 ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).
x6 ɺ 6 x 16
!1
2 ɺ The greatest and the least possible values of x are 15
x6!2 and 7 respectively.
x ! 4 (4)
3. From the question,
2n + 12 < 4n – 18 and 3n – 5 > 4n – 23
2n 12 4n 18
19 or 3 .
4 x x! 30 2n
7 13
n ! 15 (1)
x 1 § x· and 3n 5 ! 4n 23
25. 2 ¨1 ¸
3 2 © 6¹ n 18 (2)
§ x· ɻ n must satisfy both (1) and (2).
2 x 3 12 ¨1 ¸
© 6¹ ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
2 x 3 12 2 x 15 < n < 18.
4x 9 ɺ The possible values of n are 16 and 17.
9 4. From the question,

x (1)
4 2n + 5 > 5n – 13 or 5n + 18 < 4n + 13
or 5 6x k 2n 5 ! 5n 13
6 x k 5 18 ! 3n
5k n6 (1)
x! (2)
6
or 5n 18 4n 13
n 5 (2)
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x 9
4 ɻ n must satisfy (1) or (2).
or x ! 5 k . ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are n < 6.
6 Since n is a positive integer, the possible values of n are 1,
Suppose the solutions are in the form ‘x > a or x < b’, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
where a > b. Then,
5k 9 5. Let n be the larger integer, then the smaller integer is
! n – 1.
6 4
From the question,
2(5 k ) ! 27
n < 10 and n + (n – 1) < 15
10 2k ! 27 n 10 (1)
2k ! 17
and n (n 1) 15
k 8.5 2n 1 15
Thus, k can be any integer less than or equal to –9.
2n 16
Exercise 3C (p. 3.24) n8 (2)
Level 1 ɻ n must satisfy both (1) and (2).
1. (a) ɻ (8 13) cm 21 cm ! 20 cm, ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are n < 8.
(8 20) cm 28 cm ! 13 cm, ɺ The largest possible value of n is 7.
and (13 20) cm 33 cm ! 8 cm Hence, the largest possible sum of the two consecutive
integers is 7 + 6 = 13.
ɺ The three line segments can form a triangle.
(b) ɻ (7 15) cm 23 cm 28 cm
ɺ The three line segments cannot form a triangle.
(c) ɻ (12 16) cm 28 cm

ɺ The three line segments cannot form a triangle.

3 Inequalities
6. From the question, Level 2

n + (2n + 5) < 20 or 2n + 5 < 10 10. By the triangle inequality, we have
n (2n 5) 20 ( x 5) (2 x 3) ! 20 x
°
3n 5 20 ®(2 x 3) (20 x) ! x 5
°(20 x) ( x 5) ! 2 x 3
3n 15 ¯
n5 (1) 3 x 2 ! 20 x
°
or 2n 5 10 ® x 23 ! x 5
2n 5 °15 ! 2 x 3
¯
5 4 x ! 22
n (2) °
2 ®23 ! 5
ɻ n must satisfy (1) or (2). °2 x 12
¯
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are n < 5.
ɺ The largest possible value of n is 4. 11
°x !
Hence, the largest possible values of the two integers n ® 2 ......(*)
and 2n + 5 are 4 and 13 respectively. °¯ x 6
ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).
7. The length of the remaining side 11
ɺ x6
(30 4 x) cm 2
(26 x) cm
By the triangle inequality, we have 11. By the triangle inequality, we have
4 x ! 26 x (3 x 5) (11 2 x) ! x 6
° °
® 4 (26 x) ! x ®(3 x 5) ( x 6) ! 11 2 x
°(26 x ) x ! 4 °(11 2 x) ( x 6) ! 3 x 5
¯ ¯
2 x ! 22 x 16 ! x 6
° °
® 2 x 30 ®4 x 11 ! 11 2 x
° 26 ! 4 °17 x ! 3 x 5
¯ ¯
x ! 11 16 ! 6
® ......(*) °
¯ x 15 ®6 x ! 0
°4 x 12
ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*). ¯
ɺ 11 x 15 x ! 0
® ......(*)
¯x 3
8. (a) By the triangle inequality, we have ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).
7 15 ! x ɺ 0 x3
°
® x 7 ! 15 Since x is an integer, the possible values of x are 1 and 2.
° x 15 ! 7
¯
12. For ːABD,
x 22
°
® x ! 8 ......(*)
AB BD ! AD ...... (1)
° x ! 8 For ːBCD,
¯
BD BC ! DC ...... (2)
ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).
(1) + (2):
ɺ 8 x 22 AB 2BD BC ! AD DC
(b) The possible values of x are 9, 10, ..., 20, 21. i.e. AB 2BD BC ! AC
ɺ 13 different triangles can be formed.
13. (a) ɻ The perimeter is at least 68 cm but less than
10 x 98 cm.
9. Median = ! 11
2 ɺ 68 d 2[(2x 1) ( x 6)] 98
10 x ! 22
x ! 12 ......(1) (b) 68 d 2[(2 x 1) ( x 6)] 98
2 10 x 17 68 d 2(3 x 5) 98
Mean = 11 34 d 3 x 5 49
4
29 x 44 34 d 3x 5
x 15 ......(2) 39 d 3x
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). x t 13 (1)
ɺ 12 x 15 and x 5 49
3
ɺ The possible values of x are 13 and 14. 3 x 54
x 18 (2)
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 17. (a) Number of 10-dollar coins = 100 – x
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are Gabriel’s claim is x > 100 – x
Cecilia’s claim is 5x + 10(100 – x) < 800
13 d x 18 .
ɺ The required compound inequality is
ɺ The smallest possible value of x is 13.
‘x > 100 – x or 5x + 10(100 – x) < 800’.
14. Let x cm be the length of each equal side of the triangle. x ! 100 x
Perimeter of the triangle = (x + x + 16) cm (b) (i)
= (2x + 16) cm 2 x ! 100
From the question, x ! 50 (1)
36 d 2 x 16 d 50
or 5 x 10(100 x) 800
20 d 2 x d 34
10 d x d 17 5 x 1000 10 x 800
Minimum height of the triangle 5 x 200
§ 16 ·
2
x ! 40 (2)
102 ¨ ¸ cm (Pyth. theorem)
©2¹ ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
6 cm ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality
1 are x > 40.
Minimum area of the triangle u 16 u 6 cm2 48 cm2 (ii) To maximize the total amount of money, the
2
Maximum height of the triangle number of 5-dollar coins must be minimized.
2
ɻ The smallest possible value of x is 41.
§ 16 · i.e. The minimum number of 5-dollar coins is
17 2 ¨ ¸ cm (Pyth. theorem)
©2¹ 41.
15 cm ɺ Maximum total amount
Maximum area of the triangle = $5 × 41 + $10 × (100 – 41) = $795
= 1 u 16 u 15 cm2 120 cm2 18. Let x km/h be the speed of Peter’s car.
2
Distance travelled by Peter = 18 x x km 3x
km
60 10
15. (a) x of them are $10 coins and (20 x) of them are
§ 3x ·
$5 coins. Distance travelled by Mary = ¨ 2 ¸ km
ɻ The total value of the coins is greater than $150 © 10 ¹
but less than $200. 3x
2
ɺ 150 10x 5(20 x) 200 Speed of Mary’s car = 10 § 3x ·
km/h 4¨ 2 ¸ km/h
15 © 10 ¹
(b) 150 10 x 5(20 x) 200 60
From the question,
150 10 x 100 5 x 200
§ 3x ·
50 5 x 100 x d 80 or 4 ¨ 2 ¸ d 80
© 10 ¹
10 x 20
x d 80 (1)
ɻ x must be an integer.
ɺ The maximum and the minimum values of x are § 3x ·
or 4 ¨ 2 ¸ d 80
19 and 11 respectively. © 10 ¹
ɺ The maximum and the minimum numbers of 3x
$10 coins are 19 and 11 respectively. 2 d 20
10
3x
16. (a) Number of girls = 1200 – x d 22
ɻ The number of girls is less than the number of 10
boys by at least 50 but not greater than 100. 220
xd (2)
ɺ The compound inequality is 3
50 d x (1200 x) d 100 . ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x d 80.
(b) (i) 50 d x (1200 x) d 100 ɺ Maximum speed of Peter’s car = 80 km/h
ɺ Maximum possible distance that Peter travels
50 d 2 x 1200 d 100
1250 d 2 x d 1300 = 18 u 80 km 24 km
60
625 d x d 650
(ii) Minimum number of girls = 1200 – 650 = 550 Exercise 3D (p. 3.32)
Level 1
1. (a) From the graph, the solutions of x 5x 4 t 0
2
are 1 d x d 4 .
(b) From the graph, the solutions of x 5x 4 0

2
are x 1 or x ! 4 .

3 Inequalities
2. (a) From the graph, the solutions of 2x 9x 4 ! 0

2 6. Consider the corresponding quadratic function
y = (x – 1)(5 – x).
are x 1 or x!4. Since the coefficient of x2 is –1 (< 0), the graph opens
2
downwards.
When y = 0,
(b) From the graph, the solutions of 2x 9x 4 d 0
2
( x 1)(5 x) 0
are 1 d x d 4 . x 1 0 or 5 x 0
2
x 1 or x 5
3. (a) From the graph, there are no solutions for ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 1 and 5.
2x2 7 x 10 t 0 . Sketch the graph of y = (x – 1)(5 – x):
(b) From the graph, the solutions of 2x 7 x 10 d 0

2
are all real values of x.
4. Consider the corresponding quadratic function

y = x(x + 2).
Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 (> 0), the graph opens
upwards.
When y = 0,
x( x 2) 0
x 0 or x 2 0 From the graph, the solutions of (x – 1)(5 – x) < 0 are
x 2 x < 1 or x > 5.
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 0 and –2. 7. Consider the corresponding quadratic function
Sketch the graph of y = x(x + 2): y (2 x 1)2 .
Since the coefficient of x2 is –4 (< 0), the graph opens
downwards.
When y = 0,
(2 x 1) 2 0
1
x
2
ɺġ The x-intercept of the graph is 1 .
2
Sketch the graph of y (2 x 1)2 :
From the graph, the solutions of x(x + 2) < 0 are
–2 < x < 0.

y (5x 3)( x 8) .
upwards.
When y = 0,
(5 x 3)( x 8) 0
5 x 3 0 or x 8 0
3
From the graph, the solutions of (2 x 1)2 0 are all real
x or x 8
5 values of x except x 1 .
2
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 3 and –8.
5
Sketch the graph of y (5x 3)( x 8) :
From the graph, the solutions of (5x 3)( x 8) t 0 are

x d 8 or xt
3.
5

8. Consider the corresponding quadratic function Sketch the graph of y = – x2 + 16:

y ( x 1)2 3 .
upwards. The vertex of the graph is (1, 3).
The minimum value of y is 3 (> 0), so the graph has no
x-intercepts.
Sketch the graph of y ( x 1)2 3 :
From the graph, the solutions of – x2 + 16 > 0 are

–4 < x < 4.

y = x2 – 6x + 10.
upwards.
Consider x2 – 6x + 10.
From the graph, the solutions of ( x 1) 2 3 ! 0 are all real
' (6)2 4(1)(10) 4 0
values of x. ɺ The graph has no x-intercepts.
Sketch the graph of y = x2 – 6x + 10:
y 2( x 3)2 5 .
upwards. The vertex of the graph is (–3, 5).
The minimum value of y is 5 (> 0), so the graph has no
x-intercepts.
Sketch the graph of y 2( x 3)2 5 :
From the graph, there are no solutions for x2 – 6x + 10 d 0.

y x2 2 x 3 .
downwards.
When y = 0,
x2 2 x 3 0
( x 3)( x 1) 0
x3 0 or x 1 0
2( x 3)2 5 0. x 3 or x 1
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 3 and 1.
10. Consider the corresponding quadratic function Sketch the graph of y x 2 2 x 3 :
y x 2 16 .
downwards.
When y = 0,
x 2 16 0
x 2 16
x r4
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are –4 and 4.
From the graph, the solutions of x 2x 3 ! 0 are

2
3 x 1 .

3 Inequalities
13. Consider the corresponding quadratic function 15. Consider the corresponding quadratic function
y x 2 8 x 16 . y 2 x 2 3x 9 .
Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 (> 0), the graph opens Since the coefficient of x2 is –2 (< 0), the graph opens
upwards. downwards.
When y = 0, When y = 0,
x 2 8 x 16 0 2 x 2 3x 9 0
( x 4) 2 0 ( x 3)(2 x 3) 0
x 4 x 3 0 or 2 x 3 0
ɺġ The x-intercept of the graph is 4. 3
x 3 or x
Sketch the graph of y x 2 8 x 16 : 2
2
Sketch the graph of y 2 x 2 3x 9 :
From the graph, the solution of x 8x 16 d 0 is x 4.

2

y = 2x2 + 7x – 4.
From the graph, the solutions of 2x 3x 9 0 are
2
upwards.
When y = 0, 3 or x ! 3 .
x
2x2 7 x 4 0 2
( x 4)(2 x 1) 0
x 4 0 or 2 x 1 0
y 2 x 2 x 5 .
1
x 4 or x Since the coefficient of x2 is –2 (< 0), the graph opens
2 downwards.
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are –4 and 1 . Consider –2x2 + x – 5 = 0.
2 ' 12 4(2)(5) 39 0
Sketch the graph of y = 2x2 + 7x – 4:
ɺ The graph has no x-intercepts.
Sketch the graph of y 2 x 2 x 5 :
From the graph, the solutions of 2x2 + 7x – 4 t 0 are

x d –4 or x t 1 .
2
From the graph, the solutions of 2x x 5 0 are all real
2
values of x.

17. Consider the corresponding quadratic function 19. Consider the corresponding quadratic function
y 4 x 2 20 x 25 . y = –x2 + 6x – 3.
Since the coefficient of x2 is 4 (> 0), the graph opens Since the coefficient of x2 is –1 (< 0), the graph opens
upwards. downwards.
When y = 0, When y = 0,
4 x 2 20 x 25 0 x2 6 x 3 0
(2 x 5) 2 0 6 r 6 2 4( 1)( 3)
x
5 2( 1)
x
2 6 r 24
ɺġ The x-intercept of the graph is 5 . 2
2 3r 6
Sketch the graph of y 4 x 2 20 x 25 : ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 3 6 and
3 6 .
Sketch the graph of y = –x2 + 6x – 3:
From the graph, the solutions of 4x 20x 25 ! 0 are all

2
real values of x except x 5 . From the graph, the solutions of –x2 + 6x – 3 t 0 are
2
3 6 d x d 3 6 .
Level 2
y 3x 2 4 x 2 .
y x2 7 x 9 .
upwards.
upwards.
Consider 3x2 – 4x + 2 = 0.
When y = 0,
' (4)2 4(3)(2) 8 0
x2 7 x 9 0
ɺ The graph has no x-intercepts.
7 r 7 2 4(1)(9) Sketch the graph of y 3x 2 4 x 2 :
x
2(1)
7 r 13
2
7 13
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are and
2
7 13
.
2
Sketch the graph of y x2 7 x 9 :
3x2 4x 2 0 .
From the graph, the solutions of x 7 x 9 ! 0 are

2
7 13 7 13
x or x ! .
2 2

3 Inequalities
21. Consider the corresponding quadratic function 23. ( x 1) 2 t 25

y 8 6x 9x2 .
( x 1) 2 52 t 0
Since the coefficient of x is 9 (< 0), the graph opens
2
[( x 1) 5][( x 1) 5] t 0
downwards.
( x 6)( x 4) t 0
When y = 0,
8 6 x 9 x2 0 Consider the corresponding quadratic function
(3x 2)(3x 4) 0
y ( x 6)( x 4) .
3x 2 0 or 3x 4 0
upwards.
2 4 When y = 0,
x or x
3 3 ( x 6)( x 4) 0
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 2 and 4 . x 6 0 or x 4 0
3 3
x 6 or x 4
Sketch the graph of y 8 6 x 9 x 2 :
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are –6 and 4.
Sketch the graph of y ( x 6)( x 4) :
From the graph, the solutions of 8 6x 9x t 0 are

2
2 4
dxd .
3 3 From the graph, the solutions of ( x 6)( x 4) t 0
(i.e. (x + 1)2 t 25) are x d –6 or x t 4.
22. x 2 d 3x
x 2 3x d 0 3 x2
24. x
Consider the corresponding quadratic function y = x2 – 3x. 4 2
Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 (> 0), the graph opens x2 3
upwards. x 0
2 4
When y = 0,
2 x2 4 x 3 0
x 2 3x 0
x( x 3) 0 y = 2x2 + 4x + 3.
x 0 or x 3 0 Since the coefficient of x2 is 2 (> 0), the graph opens
upwards.
x 3
Consider 2x2 + 4x + 3 = 0.
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 0 and 3. ' = 42 – 4(2)(3) = –8 < 0
Sketch the graph of y = x2 – 3x: ɺ The graph has no x-intercepts.
Sketch the graph of y = 2x2 + 4x + 3:
From the graph, the solutions of x2 – 3x d 0 (i.e. x2 d 3x)

are 0 d x d 3. From the graph, there are no solutions for 2x 4x 3 0
2
3 x2
(i.e. x ).
4 2

x ( x 8) 27. ( x 2)( x 3) d ( x 3)(3 x 1)

25. t1
2 ( x 2)( x 3) ( x 3)(3 x 1) d 0
x ( x 8) t 2 ( x 3)( x 2 3 x 1) d 0
x2 8x 2 t 0 ( x 3)(2 x 3) d 0
Consider the corresponding quadratic function ( x 3)(2 x 3) t 0
y x2 8x 2 . Consider the corresponding quadratic function
Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 (> 0), the graph opens y ( x 3)(2x 3) .
upwards.
When y = 0, Since the coefficient of x2 is 2 (> 0), the graph opens
upwards.
x2 8x 2 0 When y = 0,
( 8) r ( 8) 2 4(1)( 2) ( x 3)(2 x 3) 0
x x 3 0 or 2 x 3 0
2(1)
3
8 r 72 x 3 or x
2
2
4r3 2 2
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are 4 3 2 and Sketch the graph of y ( x 3)(2x 3) :
43 2 .
Sketch the graph of y x2 8x 2 :
From the graph, the solutions of ( x 3)(2x 3) t 0

(i.e. ( x 2)( x 3) d ( x 3)(3x 1) ) are x d 3 or x t 3 .
2
From the graph, the solutions of x 8x 2 t 0

2
28. ( x 4) 2 d (2 x 1) 2
(i.e. x( x 8) t 1 ) are x d 4 3 2 or x t 4 3 2 .
2 ( x 4) 2 (2 x 1) 2 d 0
( x 4 2 x 1)( x 4 2 x 1) d 0
26. ( x 3)( x 6) 18 (3x 5)( x 3) d 0
x2 9 x 0 (3x 5)( x 3) t 0
Consider the corresponding quadratic function y = x2 + 9x. Consider the corresponding quadratic function
upwards. y (3x 5)( x 3) .
When y = 0, Since the coefficient of x2 is 3 (> 0), the graph opens
upwards.
x2 9x 0
When y = 0,
x( x 9) 0 (3 x 5)( x 3) 0
x 0 or x 9 0 3 x 5 0 or x 3 0
x 9 5
x or x 3
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are –9 and 0. 3
Sketch the graph of y = x2 + 9x: ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are –3 and 5 .
3
Sketch the graph of y (3x 5)( x 3) :
From the graph, the solutions of x 9x 0

2
(i.e. (x + 3)(x + 6) < 18) are –9 < x < 0.

From the graph, the solutions of (3x 5)( x 3) t 0
(i.e. ( x 4) 2 d (2 x 1) 2 ) are x d 3 or x t 5 .
3

3 Inequalities
29. (2 x 1) 2 ! 2 x 3 §x ·
31. (a) ( x 1) ¨ 1¸ d 4 x
4x 4x 1 ! 2x 3
2
©2 ¹
4 x2 2 x 4 ! 0 x2 x
x 1 d 4 x
2x2 x 2 ! 0 2 2
Consider the corresponding quadratic function x2 x
5d 0
y = 2x2 + x + 2. 2 2
x 2 x 10 d 0
upwards.
Consider 2x2 + x + 2 = 0.
y = x2 + x – 10.
' = 12 – 4(2)(2) = –15 < 0
ɺ The graph has no x-intercepts. upwards.
Sketch the graph of y = 2x2 + x + 2: When y = 0,
x 2 x 10 0
1 r 12 4(1)(10)
x
2(1)
1 r 41
2
1 41
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are and
2
1 41
From the graph, the solutions of 2x2 + x + 2 > 0 .
(i.e. (2x + 1)2 > 2x – 3) are all real values of x. 2
Sketch the graph of y = x2 + x – 10:
30. (a) ( x 3) d 16
2
( x 3)2 42 d 0
( x 7)( x 1) d 0
y ( x 7)( x 1) .
upwards.
When y = 0,
( x 7)( x 1) 0
From the graph, the solutions of x2 + x – 10 d 0
x7 0 or x 1 0
7 or §x ·
x x 1 (i.e. ( x 1) ¨ 1¸ d 4 x ) are
ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are –7 and 1. ©2 ¹
Sketch the graph of y ( x 7)( x 1) : 1 41 1 41
dxd .
2 2
1 41
(b) (i) From (a), k t | 3.70
2
ɺ Minimum value of k = –3
1 41
(ii) From (a), k d | 2.70
2
ɺ Maximum value of k = 2
From the graph, the solutions of ( x 7)( x 1) d 0 32. (a) Consider the corresponding quadratic function
(i.e. ( x 3) d 16 ) are 7 d x d 1 .
2 y = 2x2 – 5x – 12.
upwards.
When y = 0,
2 x 2 5 x 12 0
(b) ɻ x is non-negative. (2 x 3)( x 4) 0
ɺ The range of values of x that satisfy the 2x 3 0 or x 4 0
inequality in (a) is 0 d x d 1 . 3
x or x 4
2
2

Sketch the graph of y = 2x2 – 5x – 12: Exercise 3E (p. 3.42)

Level 1
1. ( x 1)( x 12) t 0
x 1 t 0 x 1 d 0
® or ®
¯ x 12 t 0 ¯ x 12 d 0
( x t 1 and x t 12) or ( x d 1 and x d 12)
x t 12 or x d 1
ɺ The solutions of (x + 1)(x – 12) t 0 are x d –1 or
x t 12.
From the graph, the solutions of 2x2 – 5x – 12 d 0 are
3
d xd4. x(2 x 3) 0
2 2.
x ! 0 x 0
(b) (i) 4(1 2 y ) 2 10(1 2 y ) 24 d 0 ® or ®
¯ 2 x 3 0 ¯2 x 3 ! 0
2(1 2 y ) 2 5(1 2 y ) 12 d 0
§ 3· § 3·
From (a), we have ¨ x ! 0 and x ¸ or ¨ x 0 and x ! ¸
© 2 ¹ © 2¹
3
d1 2y d 4 3
2 no solutions or x 0
2
5
d 2 y d 3 ɺ The solutions of x(2x + 3) < 0 are 3 x 0 .
2 2
5 3
t yt
4 2 3. (2 x 5)(3 x) ! 0
3 5 2 x 5 ! 0 2 x 5 0
i.e. d y d or ®
2 4 ®
¯3 x ! 0 ¯3 x 0
(ii) 3 , –1, 0 and 1 can satisfy the inequality in § 5 · § 5 ·
2
¨ x ! and x 3 ¸ or ¨ x and x ! 3 ¸
(b)(i). © 2 ¹ © 2 ¹
5
33. (a) (i) Consider the corresponding quadratic function x3 or no solutions
2
y = x2 – 2x – 63.
Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 (> 0), the graph ɺ The solutions of (2x 5)(3 x) ! 0 are 5 x 3 .
2
opens upwards.
When y = 0,
4. (5 x)(2 x) 0
x 2 2 x 63 0
5 x ! 0 5 x 0
( x 7)( x 9) 0 ® or ®
x 7 0 or x 9 0 ¯2 x 0 ¯2 x ! 0
x 7 or x 9
( x 5 and x ! 2) or ( x ! 5 and x 2)
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are –7 and 9. 2 x5 or no solutions
Sketch the graph of y = x2 – 2x – 63: ɺ The solutions of (5 x)(2 x) 0 are 2 < x < 5.
5. x < –7 x = –7 –7 < x < 1 x = 1 x > 1

x–1 – – – 0 +
x+7 – 0 + + +
(x – 1)(x + 7) + 0 – 0 +
From the table, the solutions of (x – 1)(x + 7) > 0 are
x < –7 or x > 1.
6. x(3x 15) t 0
From the graph, the solutions of x2 – 2x – 63 < 0 x( x 5) d 0
are –7 < x < 9. …… (1) x<0 x=0 0<x<5 x=5 x>5
(ii) 2 x d x 3 x – 0 + + +
x d 3 x–5 – – – 0 +
x(x – 5) + 0 – 0 +
xt3 (2)
From the table, the solutions of x(x – 5) d 0
(i.e. x(3x 15) t 0 ) are 0 d x d 5.
(b) (i) ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
are 3 d x 9 .
(ii) ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
are x > –7.
3 Inequalities
7. ( x 5)(11 2x) d 0 12. 4x2 9 ! 0

11 11 11 (2 x 3)(2 x 3) ! 0
x 5 x 5 5 x
2
x
2
x!
2
2 x 3 ! 0 2 x 3 0
x+5 – 0 + + + ® or ®
11 – 2x + + + 0 – ¯2 x 3 ! 0 ¯2 x 3 0
(x + 5)(11 – 2x) – 0 + 0 – § 3 3· § 3 3·
¨ x ! and x ! ¸ or ¨ x and x ¸
From the table, the solutions of ( x 5)(11 2x) d 0 are © 2 2 ¹ © 2 2¹
x d 5 or 11 . 3 3
xt x! or x
2 2 2
ġ ɺġ The solutions of 4x2 – 9 > 0 are x 3 or x ! 3 .
8. (7 2x)(6 3x) ! 0 2 2
7 7 7
x2 x 2 2 x x x!
13. x 4 x 12 d 0
2
2 2 2
7 – 2x + + + 0 – x 2 4 x 12 t 0
6 – 3x + 0 – – –
(7 – 2x)( 6 – 3x) + 0 – 0 + ( x 2)( x 6) t 0
From the table, the solutions of (7 2x)(6 3x) ! 0 are x 2 x 2 2 x 6 x = 6 x > 6
x 2 or 7. x+2 – 0 + + +
x!
2 x–6 – – – 0 +
(x + 2)(x – 6) + 0 – 0 +
x 2 x 12 ! 0 From the table, the solutions of ( x 2)( x 6) t 0
9.
(i.e. x 4x 12 d 0 ) are x d 2 or x t 6 .
2
( x 3)( x 4) ! 0
x 3 ! 0 x 3 0
® or ® 14. 2 x 2 9 x 26 ! 0
¯ x 4 ! 0 ¯x 4 0
(2 x 13)( x 2) ! 0
( x ! 3 and x ! 4) or ( x 3 and x 4)
13 13 13
x!4 or x 3 x x x2 x=2 x>2
2 2 2
ɺġ The solutions of x x 12 ! 0 are x 3 or x ! 4 .
2
ġ 2x + 13 – 0 + + +
x–2 – – – 0 +
(2x + 13)(x – 2) + 0 – 0 +
10. 2 x 2 7 x 6 t 0
2x2 7 x 6 d 0 From the table, the solutions of (2x 13)( x 2) ! 0
(i.e. 2x 9x 26 ! 0 ) are x 13 or x ! 2 .
2
( x 2)(2 x 3) d 0
2
x 2 t 0 x 2 d 0
® or ®
¯ 2 x 3 d 0 ¯2 x 3 t 0 15. –2x2 + 3x + 9 ≥ 0
§ 3· § 3· 2 x 2 3x 9 d 0
¨ x t 2 and x d ¸ or ¨ x d 2 and x t ¸ (2 x 3)( x 3) d 0
© 2¹ © 2¹
3 3 3 3
no solutions or dxd2 x x x3 x=3 x>3
2 2 2 2
2x + 3 – 0 + + +
ɺġ The solutions of 2x 7 x 6 t 0 are 3 d x d 2 .
2
ġ
2 x–3 – – – 0 +
(2x + 3)(x – 3) + 0 – 0 +
x 2 2 x 120 d 0 From the table, the solutions of 2x2 – 3x – 9 ≤ 0

11.
( x 12)( x 10) d 0 (i.e. –2x2 + 3x + 9 ≥ 0) are 3 d x d 3 .
2
x 12 t 0 x 12 d 0
® or ®
¯ x 10 d 0 ¯ x 10 t 0
16. 3 x 2 75 ! 0
( x t 12 and x d 10) or ( x d 12 and x t 10) x 2 25 0
no solutions or 10 d x d 12 ( x 5)( x 5) 0
ġ ɺġ The solutions of x2 – 2x – 120 ≤ 0 are 10 d x d 12 . x 5 x 5 5 x 5 x = 5 x > 5

x+5 – 0 + + +
x–5 – – – 0 +
(x + 5)(x – 5) + 0 – 0 +
From the table, the solutions of ( x 5)( x 5) 0
(i.e. 3x 75 ! 0 ) are 5 x 5 .
2

17. (a) x 2 10 x 25 ! 0 (b) x2 5x 7 ! 0

x 2 10 x 25 0 § 5· 3
2
¨x ¸ !0
( x 5) 2 0 © 2¹ 4
ɻ ( x 5) 2 t 0 for all real values of x. § 5·
2
ɻ ¨ x ¸ t 0 for all real values of x.

ɺġ There are no solutions for x 10x 25 ! 0 .
2
ġ ġ © 2¹
2
§ 5· 3
(b) x 2 10 x 25 d 0 ɺġ ¨ x ¸ ! 0 for all real values of x.
© 2¹ 4
x 2 10 x 25 t 0 ġ ġ ɺġ The solutions of x2 + 5x + 7 > 0 are all real
( x 5) 2 t 0 values of x.
ɻ ( x 5) 2 t 0 for all real values of x.
22. (a) 3x 2 6 x 8 3( x 2 2 x) 8
ɺ The solutions of x 10x 25 d 0 are all real
2
values of x. 3( x 2 2 x 1 1) 8
3( x 1)2 5
18. 4 x 12 x 9
2
(2 x 3) 2
(a) ɻ (2 x 3)2 d 0 holds only when 2 x 3 0 ,

(b) 3x 6 x 8 t 0
2
i.e. x 3 . 3( x 1) 2 5 t 0
2
ɺ The solution of 4x 12x 9 d 0 is x 3 .
2 5
( x 1) 2 d
2 3
ɻġ (x – 1)2 t 0 for all real values of x.
(b) ɻ (2 x 3)2 ! 0 for all real values of x except ġ ġ ɺġ There are no solutions for –3x2 + 6x – 8 t 0.
3.
x
2
23. For the corresponding equation x x 5 0 ,
2
ɺ The solutions of 4x 12x 9 ! 0 are all real

2
' (1)2 4(1)(5) 19 0
values of x except x 3 . ɺ The equation has no real roots.
2
x2 x 5 t 0
19. (a) ɻ 7x2 ≥ 0 for all real values of x. 2
§1· §1·
2
x2 x ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ 5 t 0
ɺ 7 x2 4 ! 0 for all real values of x. ©2¹ ©2¹
ɺ The solutions of 7 x 4 ! 0 are all real
2 2
§ 1 · 19
values of x. ¨x ¸ t0
© 2¹ 4
2
(b) ɻ 7 x2 4 ! 0 for all real values of x. § 1·
© 2¹
ɺ There are no solutions for 7 x 4 0.
2
2
§ 1 · 19
20. (a) ɻ –(x – 2)2 ≤ 0 for all real values of x.
ɺ ¨ x ¸ t 0 for all real values of x.
© 2¹ 4
ɺ ( x 2)2 1 0 for all real values of x. ɺ The solutions of x x 5 t 0 are all real values
2
ɺ There are no solutions for ( x 2) 1 t 0 . 2

of x.
24. For the corresponding equation 3x 5x 7 0 ,

2
(b) ɻ ( x 2)2 1 0 for all real values of x.
ɺ The solutions of ( x 2)2 1 0 are all real ' 52 4(3)(7) 59 0
values of x. ɺ The equation has no real roots.
3 x 2 5 x 7 t 0
Level 2 § 5 ·
2 2 3 ¨ x 2 x ¸ 7 t 0
§5· §5· © 3 ¹
21. (a) x 5x 7
2
x 5x ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ 7
2
© 2¹ © 2¹ ª 5 §5· §5· º
2 2
2 3 « x 2 x ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ » 7 t 0
§ 5· 3 «¬ 3 © 6 ¹ © 6 ¹ »¼
¨x ¸
© 2¹ 4 2
§ 5 · 59
3 ¨ x ¸ t0
© 6 ¹ 12
2
§ 1·
ɻ 3¨ x ¸ d 0 for all real values of x.
© 2¹
2
§ 5 · 59
ɺ 3¨ x ¸ 0 for all real values of x.
© 6 ¹ 12
ɺ There are no solutions for 3x 5x 7 t 0 .
2

3 Inequalities
25. 25 4 x 2 d 0 30. ( x 1) 2 ! 4( x 1)
4 x 2 25 t 0 ( x 1) 2 4( x 1) ! 0
(2 x 5)(2 x 5) t 0 ( x 1)( x 5) ! 0
5 5 5 5 5 5 x 1 ! 0 x 1 0
x x x x x!
2 2 2 2 2 2 ® or ®
2x + 5 – 0 + + + ¯x 5 ! 0 ¯x 5 0
2x – 5 – – – 0 + ( x ! 1 and x ! 5) or ( x 1 and x 5)
(2x + 5)(2x – 5) + 0 – 0 + x!5 or x 1
From the table, the solutions of (2x 5)(2x 5) t 0 ɺġ The solutions of (x – 1)2 > 4(x – 1) are x < 1 or x > 5.
(i.e. 25 4 x d 0 ) are x d 5 or x t 5 .
2
2 2 31. (2 x 1) 2 d ( x 5) 2
(2 x 1) 2 ( x 5) 2 d 0
26. 9 x 2 24 x 16 (3x 4)2
(2 x 1 x 5)(2 x 1 x 5) d 0
ɻ (3x 4)2 ! 0 for all real values of x except x 4 . (3x 4)( x 6) d 0
3
ɺ The solutions of 9x 24x 16 ! 0 are all real
2 3x 4 t 0 3x 4 d 0
® or ®
values of x except x 4. ¯x 6 d 0 ¯x 6 t 0
3 § 4 · § 4 ·
¨ x t and x d 6 ¸ or ¨ x d and x t 6 ¸
© 3 ¹ © 3 ¹
27. 18 x 15 x 2 t 0
2
4
18 x 2 15 x 2 d 0 no solutions or 6 d x d
3
(3x 2)(6 x 1) d 0 ġ ɺġ The solutions of (2 x 1) 2 d ( x 5)2 are 6 d x d 4 .
3 x 2 t 0 3 x 2 d 0 3
® or ®
¯6 x 1 d 0 ¯6 x 1 t 0 3 2 x 2( x 1)( x 1)
32.
§ 2 1· § 2 1·
¨ x t and x d ¸ or ¨ x d and x t ¸ 3 2 x 2( x 2 1)
© 3 6¹ © 3 6¹
1 2 2x2 2x 5 ! 0
no solutions or dxd Consider the corresponding quadratic function
6 3
y 2 x2 2 x 5 .
ɺġ The solutions of 18x 15x 2 t 0 are 1 d x d 2 .
2
6 3 When y = 0,
2 r 2 2 4(2)( 5)
15 x 16 x 7 t 0
2 x
28. 2(2)
(5 x 7)(3 x 1) t 0
2 r 44
5 x 7 t 0 5 x 7 d 0
® or ® 4
¯3 x 1 t 0 ¯3 x 1 d 0 1 r 11
§ 7 1· § 7 1· 2
¨ x t and x t ¸ or ¨ x d and x d ¸
© 5 3¹ © 5 3¹
1 11 1 11
1 7 Let D and E .
xt or x d 2 2
3 5
ɺ 2 x 2 2 x 5 ( x D )( x E )
ɺġ The solutions of 15x 16x 7 t 0 are x d 7 or
2
5 x<D x=D D<x<E x=E x>E

1 x–D – 0 + + +
xt .
3 x–E – – – 0 +
(x D)(x – E) + 0 – 0 +
29. x(23 x) t 132 From the table, the solutions of 2x 2x 5 ! 0
2
23 x x 132 t 0
2
1 11
(i.e. 3 2x 2( x 1)( x 1) ) are x or
x 2 23 x 132 d 0 2
( x 11)( x 12) d 0 1 11
x! .
x 11 t 0 x 11 d 0 2
® or ®
¯ x 12 d 0 ¯ x 12 t 0
( x t 11 and x d 12) or ( x d 11 and x t 12)
11 d x d 12 or no solutions
ġ ɺġ The solutions of x(23 – x) t 132 are 11 d x d 12.

y2 y 6 ! 0 Exercise 3F (p. 3.46)

33. (a) Level 1
( y 3)( y 2) ! 0
1. (a) ɻġ x2 – kx + 16 = 0 has two distinct real roots.
y 3 ! 0 y 3 0 ɺġ
® or ® '!0
¯y 2 ! 0 ¯y 2 0 (k ) 2 4(1)(16) ! 0
( y ! 3 and y ! 2) or ( y 3 and y 2)
k 2 64 ! 0
y!2 or y 3 (k 8)(k 8) ! 0
ɺġ The solutions of y 2 y 6 ! 0 are y 3 or k 8 or k ! 8
y!2. ɺ The range of values of k is k 8 or k ! 8 .
(b) Let y 3x 2 . (b) ɻġ x2 – kx + 16 = 0 has no real roots.

y2 y 6 ! 0 ɺġ '0
From (a), y 3 or y ! 2 8 k 8
3x 2 3 or 3x 2 ! 2 ɺ The range of values of k is –8 < k < 8.
3 x 5 or 3x ! 0
2. ɻġ – x2 + kx – k – 1 = 0 has at least one real root.
5
x or x!0 ɺġ 't0
3
k 2 4(1)( k 1) t 0
ɺġ The solutions of (3x 2)2 (3x 2) 6 ! 0
k 2 4k 4 t 0
are x 5 or x ! 0 .
3 § 4 32 ·§ 4 32 ·
¨k ¸¨ k ¸t0
© 2 ¹© 2 ¹
34. (a) ( x 1)(2 x 1) (1 2 x)( x 2)
( x 1)(2 x 1) (2 x 1)( x 2) 32 32
k d2 or k t 2
(2 x 1)[( x 1) ( x 2)] 2 2
(2 x 1)(2 x 3) (or k d 2 2 2 or k t 2 2 2 )
32
ɺ The range of values of k is k d 2 or
2
(b) (i) ( x 1)(2 x 1) (1 2 x)( x 2) d 0
(2 x 1)(2 x 3) d 0 32
k t2 (or k d 2 2 2 or k t 2 2 2 ).
2 x 1 t 0 2 x 1 d 0 2
® or ®
¯2 x 3 d 0 ¯2 x 3 t 0
3. ɻ The graph of y x 2 (k 1) x (k 4) cuts the
§ 1 3· § 1 3·
¨ x t and x d ¸ or ¨ x d and x t ¸ x-axis at two distinct points.
© 2 2¹ © 2 2¹
ɺ x 2 (k 1) x (k 4) 0 has two distinct real roots.
3 1 '!0
no solutions or d x d ɺ
2 2
ɺ The solutions of [(k 1)]2 4(1)( k 4) ! 0
( x 1)(2x 1) (1 2x)( x 2) d 0 are k 2 2k 1 4k 16 ! 0
3 1 k 2 2k 15 ! 0
dxd .
2 2 (k 3)(k 5) ! 0
(ii) Let x y 1 . k 3 or k ! 5
( y 1)[2( y 1) 3] [3 2( y 1)][( y 1) 1] d 0 ɺ The range of values of k is k 3 or k ! 5 .
( y 1)(2 y 1) (1 2 y)( y 2) d 0
4. ɻ The graph of y 2 x 2 ( p 2) x ( p 4) is
From (b)(i), 3 d y d 1 always above the x-axis.
2 2 ɺ It has no x-intercepts.
ɻ x y 1
ɺ 2 x 2 ( p 2) x ( p 4) 0 has no real roots.
y x 1 '0
ɺ
3 1 ( p 2)2 4(2)( p 4) 0
ɺ d x 1 d
2 2
p 2 4 p 4 8 p 32 0
1 3
dxd p 2 12 p 28 0
2 2
( p 2)( p 14) 0
2 p 14
ɺ The range of values of p is –2 < p < 14.

3 Inequalities
y
° x 2 kx 7 ......(1) Note that ' (6)2 4(1)(4) 20 ! 0
5. ®
°̄ y 6 ......(2) ɺġ There are solutions for k 6k 13 3 .
2
By substituting (1) into (2), we have ɺġ The distance between A and B can be less than 3.
x 2 kx 7 6
Alternative Solution
x 2 kx 1 0
ɻġ The parabola y x 2 kx 7 cuts the straight line AB (k 3)2 [7 (5)]2
y 6 at two distinct points. k 2 6k 9 4

ɺġ x kx 1 0 has two real roots.
2
k 2 6k 13
ɺ '!0 Take k = 1.
k 4(1)(1) ! 0
2 AB (1) 2 6(1) 13
ġ k2 4 ! 0 ġġ ġ 8
(k 2)(k 2) ! 0 3
k 2 or k ! 2 ɺġ The distance between A and B can be less than 3.
ġ ɺġ The range of values of k is k < –2 or k > 2.
9. Let x be the larger integer, then the smaller integer is
36 – x.

°y x 2kx 1 ......(1)
2
6. ® x (36 x) ! 260
°̄ y k 7 ......(2)
x 2 36 x 260 0
By substituting (1) into (2), we have
( x 10)( x 26) 0
x 2 2kx 1 k 7
10 x 26
x 2 2kx ( k 6) 0 ɺġ The greatest possible value of x is 25.
ɻġ The parabola y x 2 2kx 1 and the straight line ɺ The greatest possible value of the larger integer is 25.
y k 7 do not intersect.
10. Let x be the smaller positive even number, then the larger
ɺġ x 2 2kx (k 6) 0 has no real roots. number is x + 2.
ɺġ '0 x 2 ( x 2) 2 d 130
(2k ) 2 4(1)( k 6) 0 2 x 2 4 x 4 d 130
ġ 4k 4k 24 0
2
ġġ ġ x 2 2 x 63 d 0
k k 60 2
( x 9)( x 7) d 0
(k 2)(k 3) 0
9 d x d 7
2 k 3 Since x is a positive even number, the possible values of x
ġ ɺġ The range of values of k is –2 < k < 3. are 2, 4 and 6.
ɺ The greatest possible value of the smaller number is
7. Consider x2 – k2x = 0. 6.
x2 k 2 x 0
x( x k 2 ) 0
30t 5t 2 t 40
x 0 or x k 2
5t 2 30t 40 d 0
ɺġ The graph of y x 2 k 2 x cuts the x-axis at (0, 0) and
(k2, 0). t 2 6t 8 d 0
AB k 2 0 k 2 (t 2)(t 4) d 0
AB ! 9 2dt d4
k2 ! 9 ɺ The required range of values of t is 2 d t d 4.
k2 9 ! 0
(k 3)(k 3) ! 0
I !C
k 3 or k ! 3
2n 2 15n ! 80n 600
ɺġ The required range is k < –3 or k > 3.
2n 65n 600 ! 0
2
8. AB (k 3) [7 (5)]
2 2 (2n 15)(n 40) ! 0
15
k 2 6k 9 4 n ! 40 or n (rejected)
2
k 2 6k 13 ɺ The minimum number of cakes to be made is 41.
AB 3
k 2 6k 13 3
k 2 6k 13 9
k 2 6k 4 0

13. From the question, 17. (a) ɻ The graph of the quadratic function is always
n(n 1) below the x-axis.
! 3003
2 ɺ –x2 + kx – 2k + 3 < 0 for all real values of x.
n 2 n 6006 ! 0 ɺġ –x2 + kx – 2k + 3 = 0 has no real roots.
(n 77)(n 78) ! 0 ɺ '0
n ! 77 or n 78 (rejected) k 2 4(1)( 2k 3) 0
ɺ The first term that exceeds 3003 = the 78th term k 2 8k 12 0
= 78(78 1) (k 2)(k 6) 0
2
2k 6
= 3081
ɺ The range of values of k is 2 < k < 6.
Level 2 (b) When k = 6, y = –x2 + 6x – 2(6) + 3

14. ɻ kx2 6x k 8 0 has real root(s). = –x2 + 6x – 9
ɺ 't0 ɺġ By the result of (a), the graph of y = –x2 + 6x – 9
is not always below the x-axis.
62 4( k )(k 8) t 0
4k 2 32k 36 t 0 18. (a) ɻ The sum of two integers is 15.
k 2 8k 9 d 0 ɺ The other integer 15 x
( k 1)( k 9) d 0 ɻ The product of two integers is less than 36.
9 d k d 1 ɺ x(15 x) 36
ɻ k z0 ɺ The required quadratic inequality is
ɺ The range of values of k is 9 d k 0 or 0 k d 1 . x(15 x) 36 .
(b) x(15 x) 36
15. ɻ 4x2 kx k 12 is always positive for all real values
of x. 15 x x 2 36
ɺ 4x kx k 12 0 has no real roots.
2
x 2 15 x 36 ! 0
ɺ '0 ( x 3)( x 12) ! 0
k 4(4)(k 12) 0
2 x 3 or x ! 12
ɻ Both integers are positive.
k 2 16k 192 0
(k 8)(k 24) 0 ɺ 0 x 15
8 k 24 Combining with the results, we have 0 x 3 or
ɺ The range of values of k is –8 < k < 24. 12 x 15 .
ɺ The possible pairs of integers are 1, 14 and
16. kx 2 8 x 3k 2 2, 13.
kx 2 8 x 3k 2 0 ɺ 2 pairs of integers can satisfy the given
conditions.
ɺ kx2 8x 3k 2 0 has no real roots.
ɺ '0 19. ɻġ x2 + (1 – k)x + 625 = 0 has two distinct real roots.
8 4(k )(3k 2) 0
2
ɺġ '!0
12k 2 8k 64 0 (1 k ) 2 4(1)(625) ! 0
3k 2 2k 16 ! 0 (1 k ) 2 ! 2500
(3k 8)(k 2) ! 0 1 k ! 50 or 1 k 50
8 k 49 or k ! 51 ......(1)
k 2 or k !
3 ɻ The two real roots of the quadratic equation are
ɻ The graph of y kx 2 8 x 3k 2 is always below negative.
the x-axis. ɺ The sum of roots of the equation must be negative.
ɺ k 0 ɺ (1 k ) 0
ɺ The range of values of k is k < –2. 1 k ! 0
k 1 ......(2)
ɻ k must satisfy both (1) and (2).
ɺ The range of values of k is k < –49.

3 Inequalities
20. Value of the car after two years Combining with the result of (a), we have 2 x 7
2
§ r · or 9 < x < 14.
$200 000 ¨1 ¸
© 100 ¹ Since x is an integer, the possible values of x are 3, 4,
ɻ The value of the car will not be lower than $128 000 5, 6, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
after two years.
2 23. (a) Area of the track [( x 2)2 x 2 ] m2
§ r ·
ɺ 200 000 ¨1 ¸ t 128 000 ( x 2 4 x 4 x 2 ) m2
© 100 ¹
§ 2r r2 · (4 x 4) m2
200 000 ¨1 ¸ t 128 000
© 100 10 000 ¹
(b) For Judy’s assertion to be correct,
200 000 4000 r 20 r 2 t 128 000
x2 ! 4x 4
r 2 200r 3600 t 0
x2 4x 4 ! 0
( r 20)( r 180) t 0
r d 20 or r t 180 (rejected) § 4 32 ·§ 4 32 ·
¨x ¸¨ x ¸!0
ɺ The greatest possible value of r is 20. © 2 ¹© 2 ¹
4 32 4 32
x (rejected) or x ! .
ª § 10 2 x · º 2 2 2
21. (a) Area of the rectangle « x ¨ ¸» m
¬ © 2 ¹¼ 4 32
ɺ The range of values of x is x ! | 4.83 .
x(5 x) m 2
2
Hence, Judy’s assertion is correct.
(b) (i) x(5 x) t 6 24. (a) Consider x 2kx k 8k 9 0 .
2 2
x 5x 6 d 0
2
' (2k ) 2 4(1)( k 2 8k 9)
( x 2)( x 3) d 0
4k 2 4k 2 32k 36
2d xd3
ɺ The maximum value of x is 3. 8k 2 32k 36
(ii) When x = 2.5, 8( k 2 4k ) 36
enclosed area (2.5)(5 2.5) m 2 8( k 2 4k 4 4) 36
2
6.25 m 8( k 2) 2 4
When x = 3, Since 8(k 2)2 t 0,
enclosed area (3)(5 3) m 2
' 8(k 2)2 4 ! 0
6 m2
ɺġ The parabola y x 2 2kx k 2 8k 9 cuts the
ɺ The enclosed area does not attain its
x-axis at two distinct points A and B.
maximum when x is equal to the value
found in (b)(i). (b) Let α and β be the x-coordinates of A and B
respectively.
24 (2 x 4) Since A and B are the x-intercept of the parabola
22. (a) (i) Height of the rack units
2 y x 2 2kx k 2 8k 9 ,
(14 x) units α and β are the roots to the equation
(ii) Since lengths must be positive, we have x2 2kx k 2 8k 9 0 .
2 x 4 ! 0 Sum of roots D E 2k
. 2k
® 1
¯14 x ! 0
k 2 8k 9
2x 4 ! 0 Product of roots DE k 2 8k 9
1
x ! 2 ......(1)
Distance between A and B
and 14 x ! 0 (D E ) 2
x 14 ......(2)
D 2 2DE E 2
ɺ The range of values of x is 2 < x < 14. D 2 2DE E 2 4DE
(D E ) 2 4DE
(b) ɻ The area enclosed by the rack and the ground is
less than 70 sq. units. (2k ) 2 4( k 2 8k 9)
ɺ (2 x 4)(14 x) 70
4k 2 4k 2 32k 36
2 x 32 x 56 70
2
8k 2 32k 36
x 16 x 63 ! 0
2
( x 7)( x 9) ! 0
x 7 or x ! 9

(c) AB < 2 Sketch the graph of y x( x 3) :

8k 32k 36 2
2
8k 2 32k 36 4
k 2 4k 4 0
( k 2) 2 0
Since (k 2)2 t 0 for all real values of k,
there are no solutions for (k – 2)2 < 0.
ɺġ It is impossible that the distance between A and
B is less than 2.
Check Yourself (p. 3.53) From the graph, the solutions of x( x 3) ! 0 are x 0
1. (a) 8 (b) 8
(c) 9 (d) 9 or x ! 3 .
(e) 8 (f) 9
(g) 8 9. (a) Consider the corresponding quadratic function
y (3x 2)( x 8) .
2. or Since the coefficient of x2 is 3 (> 0), the graph opens
upwards.
3. and When y 0 ,
(3 x 2)( x 8) 0
4. x d 5 or x t 3 ; 5 x 3
2
x or x 8
2 3
5. (–2) – 4(1)(4) = –12;
all real values of x ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are 2 and 8.
3
6. 2 x 3 ! 11 Sketch the graph of y (3x 2)( x 8) :

2 x ! 14
x ! 7 ......(1)
and 4 x 17 t 1
4 x t 16
x t 4 ......(2)
x t 4 .
From the graph, the solutions of (3x 2)( x 8) 0
7. 4 x 8 3
are 2 x 8 .
4x 5 3
5
x ......(1) (b) The smallest integer that satisfies the inequality in (a)
4
is 0.
or 3 x 5 4
3 x 9 10. ɻ x 2 kx (k 3) is always positive for all real
x 3 ......(2) values of x.
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). ɺ x 2 kx (k 3) 0 has no real roots.
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x 5 . ɺ '0
4
( k ) 2 4(1)( k 3) 0
8. Consider the corresponding quadratic function k 2 4k 12 0
y x( x 3) . (k 2)(k 6) 0
Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 (> 0), the graph opens 2 k 6
upwards.
ɺ The range of values of k is 2 k 6 .
When y 0 ,
x( x 3) 0
x 0 or x 3

3 Inequalities
Revision Exercise 3 (p. 3.54) 3. (a) x2t0

Level 1
x t 2 ......(1)
1. (a) x 5d 0
or 3 x 8 t 10
x d 5 ......(1)
3 x t 18
and 2 x 7 d 13
x t 6 ......(2)
2x d 6
x d 3 ......(2) ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
x t 2 .
xd3.
(b) 3( x 1) 5 d 7
2x 3 d 5 3x 2 d 7
(b)
2x d 8 3x d 9
x d 4 ......(1) xd3 (1)
8 5 x t 2
and 3( x 1) ! 4 or
4 5 x t 10
x 1 !
3 xd2 (2)
x! ......(2)
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). x d 3.
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are Graphical representation:
7
xd4.
3
4. (a) 9 2 x 3( x 2)
9 2 x 3x 6
5 x ! 15
2. (a) 3 2x ! 2 x x ! 3 ......(1)
x 1 (1) or 4
x 11

2 x t 4 3 x 2 2
and
8 x 11
2x t 2
x 3 ......(2)
x t1 (2)
ɻ There are no values of x satisfying both (1) and ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all
(2). real values of x except x = 3.
ɺ The compound inequality has no solutions. Graphical representation:
(b) 2x 6
! 2
3
2 x 6 ! 6
x ! 6 ......(1) 3x
(b) 5 ! 2( x 3)
x 4
and ! 3 2x
2 3 x 20 ! 8 x 24
x ! 6 4x 5 x 4
6 4
x! ......(2) x ......(1)
5 5
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 5 2x
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are or x 1
4
6.
x! 5 2x 4x 4
5
Graphical representation: 6x ! 1
1
x! ......(2)
6

ġ ɻġ x must satisfy (1) or (2). 7. (a) Consider the corresponding quadratic function
ġ ɺġ The solutions of the compound inequality are y ( x 4)( x 6).
4 1 Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 (> 0), the graph opens
x or x ! .
5 6 upwards.
Graphical representation: When y = 0,
( x 4)( x 6) 0
x 4 or x 6
ġ ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are –6 and –4.
5. (a) By the triangle inequality, we have
x 5 ! 9
°
®5 9 ! x
°9 x ! 5
¯
x ! 4
°
® x 14 ......(*)
° x ! 4
¯
ɻġ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).
ɺġ 4 x 14 ġ ġ
ġ From the graph, the solutions of ( x 4)( x 6) t 0
ġ (b) By the triangle inequality, we have are x d 6 or x t 4 .
x 3 ! 11
° (b) Consider the corresponding quadratic function
®3 11 ! x
°11 x ! 3 y (2x 1)(5 x) .
¯
x ! 8 downwards.
°
® x 14 ......(*) When y = 0,
° x ! 8 (2 x 1)(5 x) 0
¯
(2 x 1)( x 5) 0
1
ɺġ 8 x 14 ġ ġ x or x 5
2
ġ
6. (a) By the triangle inequality, we have ġ ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 1 and 5.
2
x 9 ! 17 Sketch the graph of y (2x 1)(5 x) :
°
®9 17 ! x
°17 x ! 9
¯
x ! 8
°
® x 26 ......(*)
° x ! 8
¯
ɺġ 8 x 26 ġ ġ
ġ
ġ (b) By the triangle inequality, we have
x 14 ! 16 From the graph, the solutions of (2x 1)(5 x) ! 0 are
° 1
®14 16 ! x x5.
2
°16 x ! 14
¯
x ! 2
°
® x 30 ......(*)
° x ! 2
¯
ɺġ 2 x 30 ġ

3 Inequalities
8. (a) Consider the corresponding quadratic function Sketch the graph of y = x2 – 15x + 50:
y x(2x 3) .
upwards.
When y = 0,
x (2 x 3) 0
3
x 0 or x
2
Sketch the graph of y x(2x 3) :
From the graph, the solutions of x2 – 15x + 50 t 0 are

x d 5 or x t 10.
(b) Consider the corresponding quadratic function

y = x2 – 14x + 49.
upwards.
When y = 0,
x 2 14 x 49 0
( x 7) 2 0
x 7
From the graph, the solutions of x(2x 3) 0 are ġ ɺġ The x-intercept of the graph is 7.
3 Sketch the graph of y = x2 – 14x + 49:
x0.
2
(b) Consider the corresponding quadratic function

y ( x 3) 2 .
upwards.
When y = 0,
( x 3) 2 0
x 3
ġ ɺ The x-intercept of the graph is 3.
From the graph, the solution of x 14x 49 d 0 is
2
Sketch the graph of y ( x 3) 2 :
x = 7.
10. (a) Consider the corresponding quadratic function

y = –x2 + 3x – 2.
downwards.
When y = 0,
x 2 3x 2 0
( x 1)( x 2) 0
x 1 or x 2
ġ ɺġ The x-intercepts of the graph are 1 and 2.
From the graph, there are no solutions for Sketch the graph of y = –x2 + 3x – 2:
(x – 3)2 < 0.

y = x2 – 15x + 50.
upwards.
When y = 0,
x 2 15 x 50 0
( x 5)( x 10) 0
x 5 or x 10 From the graph, the solutions of –x2 + 3x – 2 > 0 are
ġ ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are 5 and 10. 1 < x < 2.

(b) Consider the corresponding quadratic function (b) For the corresponding equation x 6x 10 0 ,
2
y = 2x2 – 5x + 4.
Since the coefficient of x2 is 2 (> 0), the graph opens ' 62 4(1)(10) 4 0
upwards. ɺ The equation has no real roots.
Since ' (5)2 4(2)(4) 7( 0) , the graph has x 2 6 x 10 ! 0
no x-intercepts. x 2 6 x 10 0
Sketch the graph of y = 2x2 – 5x + 4:
x 6 x 9 9 10 0
2
( x 3) 2 1 0
ɻ ( x 3) 2 t 0 for all real values of x.
ɺ ( x 3)2 1 ! 0 for all real values of x.
ɺġ There are no solutions for x 6x 10 ! 0 .
2
13. (a) 2x2 5x 2 d 0

(2 x 1)( x 2) d 0
2 x 1 t 0 2 x 1 d 0
® or ®
From the graph, there are no solutions for ¯ x 2 d 0 ¯x 2 t 0
2x2 – 5x + 4 < 0.
§ 1 · § 1 ·
¨ x t and x d 2 ¸ or ¨ x d and x t 2 ¸
x 2 11x 26 ! 0 © 2 ¹ © 2 ¹
11. (a) 1
( x 13)( x 2) ! 0 dxd2 or no solutions
2
x 13 ! 0 x 13 0
® or ® ġ ɺġ The solutions of 2x2 – 5x + 2 d 0 are 1 d x d 2 .
¯x 2 ! 0 ¯x 2 0 2
( x ! 13 and x ! 2) or ( x 13 and x 2)
x!2 or x 13 (b) 5 x 2 3 x 36 0
ġ ɺġ The solutions of x2 + 11x – 26 > 0 are x < –13 or (5 x 12)( x 3) 0
x > 2. 12 12 12
x x x3
5 5 5
(b) x 2 16 x 64 ( x 8) 2 5x + 12 – 0 +
x–3 – – –
ġ ɻ ( x 8) ! 0 for all real values of x except
2
(5x + 12)(x – 3) + 0 –
x 8 .
ɺ The solutions of x 16x 64 ! 0 are all real
2
ġ x=3 x>3
values of x except x 8 . 5x + 12 + +
x–3 0 +
(5x + 12)(x – 3) 0 +
12. (a) x 2 7 x 144 0
From the table, the solutions of 5x2 – 3x – 36 < 0 are
x 2 7 x 144 ! 0 12
x 3.
( x 9)( x 16) ! 0 5
x < –9 x = –9 –9 < x < 16 x = 16 x > 16 1

x+9 – 0 + + + 14. (a) x 3 ! (5 x 3)
x – 16 – – – 0 + 3
(x + 9)(x – 16) + 0 – 0 + 3x 9 ! 5 x 3
From the table, the solutions of x2 – 7x – 144 > 0 are 12 ! 2 x
x < –9 or x > 16. x6
ġ ɺ The solutions of –x2 + 7x + 144 < 0 are x < –9 or
x > 16. (b)ġ ɻġ x must satisfy both x < 6 and –8 d x d 8.
ɺġ The range of values of x is –8 d x < 6.
15. (a) x 1
3d 25
2
x 1
5d 7
2
10 d x 1 14
11 d x 15
(b) Since x is an odd integer, the possible values of x are

11 and 13.

3 Inequalities
1 2x 19. By the triangle inequality, we have

16. (a) t3
2 ( x 2) (7 2 x) ! 3 x 1
°
1 2x t 6 ®(7 2 x) (3 x 1) ! x 2
°(3 x 1) ( x 2) ! 7 2 x
2 x t 5 ¯
5 9 x ! 3 x 1
xd (1) °
2 ®x 8 ! x 2
1 2x °4 x 3 ! 7 2 x
x ¯
or
2 8 ! 4 x
1 2x 2x °
®8 ! 2
1 4x °6 x ! 4
¯
1 x 2
x! (2)
4 °
® 2 ......(*)
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). ° x!
¯ 3
ɻ x must satisfy (*).
5 1
xd or x ! . 2
2 4 ɺ x2
3
ɺ The possible value x is 1.

(x + 25) – 4 t 2(x – 4) and (x + 25) + 4 < 2(x + 4)
( x 25) 4 t 2( x 4)
(b) –5, –3, –2.5, 2.5 and 3 satisfy the compound
inequality in (a). x 21 t 2 x 8
x d 29 (1)
17. (a) 14 7 x
3
! 7(2 x 1) and ( x 25) 4 2( x 4)
14 7 x ! 42 x 21 x 29 2 x 8
35 ! 35 x x ! 21 (2)
x 1 ......(1) ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
5 2x ! 7 ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
or
21 < x d 29.
2x ! 2 ɺ The possible values of x are 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28
x ! 1 ......(2) and 29.
ɺ The solutions for (*) are all real values of x 21. ɻ George can enjoy the reduced admission fee if his
except x = 1. age is under 10 or his age is 60 or above.
ɺ 7 x 10 or 7 x t 60
(b) The least positive integer satisfying (*) is 2. x 3 or x t 53
ɻ x must be non-negative.
18. (a) ( x 1)( x 1)
!4 ɺ The range of values of x is 0 d x 3 or x t 53 .
2
x2 1 ! 8
22. ɻ x2 + (k + 1)x – 2(k + 1) = 0 has real root(s).
x2 9 ! 0 't0
ɺ
( x 3)( x 3) ! 0
(k 1) 2 4(1)[2( k 1)] t 0
x 3 x 3 3 x 3 x 3 x!3
k 2 2 k 1 8k 8 t 0
x+3 – 0 + + +
x–3 – – – 0 + k 2 10k 9 t 0
(x + 3)(x – 3) + 0 – 0 + (k 9)(k 1) t 0
From the table, the solutions of ( x 1)( x 1) ! 4 are k d 9 or k t 1
2
ɺ The range of values of k is k d –9 or k t –1.
x 3 or x ! 3 .
(b) ɻ x is a positive integer.

ɺ x>3
ɺ The least value of x is 4.

23. ɻġ The quadratic graph y = –x2 + 2kx – k is always Level 2

below the x-axis. 28. (a) 5( x 2) 2( x 1)
ɺ It has no x-intercepts. 5 x 10 2 x 2
ɺ –x2 + 2kx – k = 0 has no real roots.
3x 12
ɺ '0
x 4 ......(1)
(2k ) 2 4(1)( k ) 0
2x 3 x 2
4k 2 4k 0 and
3 2
4k ( k 1) 0 2(2 x 3) 3( x 2)
0 k 1 4 x 6 3x 6
ɺ The range of values of k is 0 k 1 . x 12 ......(2)
ġ ɻġ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
24. Let x be the smaller integer, then the larger integer is x + 5.
ġ ɺġ The solutions of the compound inequality are
x( x 5) t 336
x < –12.
x 2 5 x 336 t 0 Graphical representation:
( x 21)( x 16) t 0
x d 21 (rejected) or x t 16
ɺ The least possible value of the smaller integer is 16.
x
25. From the question, (b) 1 d 3(2 x )
3
x(20 x 15) ! 380
x 3 d 9(2 x )
20 x 2 15 x 380 ! 0 x 3 d 18 9 x
4 x 2 3x 76 ! 0 10 x d 15
(4 x 19)( x 4) ! 0 3
xd ......(1)
19 2
x (rejected) or x!4
4 x6
or 2x 5 t
ɺ The range of values of x is x > 4. 9
18 x 45 t x 6
y x 2 2 x 4 ......(1)
° 17 x t 51
26. ®
°̄ y kx ......(2) x t 3 ......(2)
By substituting (1) into (2), we have ġ ɻġ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
x 2 2 x 4 kx ġ ɺġ The solutions of the compound inequality
x 2 (2 k ) x 4 0 are x d 3 or x t 3 .
2
ɻġ The parabola y x 2x 4 and the straight line
2
y kx do not intersect.
ɺġ x 2 (2 k ) x 4 0 has no real roots.
ɺ '0
(2 k ) 2 4(1)(4) 0
29. (a) x 1 3 4x
4 4k k 2 16 0 t
ġ ġġ 3 5
k 2 4k 12 0 5( x 1) t 3(3 4 x)
(k 2)(k 6) 0 5 x 5 t 9 12 x
2 k 6 17 x t 4
ġ ɺġ The range of values of k is 2 k 6. 4
xt ......(1)
17
27. AB (k 0)2 (k 5) 2 § x 8·
and 3 ¨ ¸ 5x 0
k 2 k 2 10k 25 © 4 ¹
2k 2 10k 25 3( x 8) 20 x 0
AB 3 3 x 24 20 x 0
17 x ! 24
2k 2 10k 25 3
24
2k 2 10k 25 9 x! ......(2)
17
k 2 5k 8 0 ġ ɻġ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
Note that ' (5)2 4(1)(8) 7 0 ġ ɺġ The solutions of the compound inequality
2
and the coefficient of k = 1 > 0. are x ! 24 .
17
ɺġ There are no solutions for 2k 10k 25 3 .
2
ɺġ The distance between A and B cannot be less than 3.

3 Inequalities
Graphical representation: ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).

19 3
xd or x ! .
3 4
2 x 1 3( x 1) (b) 5 x 4 ! 0
(b) ! 1
3 2 4
x!
2(2 x 1) ! 9( x 1) 6 5
4x 2 ! 9x 9 6 ɻ x must satisfy both x ! 4 and
5
5 x 17
§ 19 3·
x
17
......(1) ¨x d or x ! ¸ .
5 © 3 4¹
x 1 x x 1 ɺ The range of values of x is x ! 4 .
or 5
2 3 4
6( x 1) 4 x 3( x 1)
32. (a) (i) 5 t 4 y t 2
6 x 6 4 x 3x 3
1 t y t 6
x ! 9 ......(2)
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). 1 d y d 6
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are all 2x 1
(ii) 3d d8
real values of x. 5
Graphical representation: 15 d 2 x 1 d 40
16 d 2 x d 41
8 d x d 20.5
(b) (i) Maximum value of x + y 20.5 6

1 2x 1 2x 26.5
30. (a) 1
6 3
Minimum value of x + y 8 (1)
1 2 x 2(1 2 x) 6
7
1 2x 2 4x 6
(ii) Maximum value of x – y 20.5 (1)
7
x ......(1) 21.5
6
Minimum value of x – y 8 6
and 4(2 x) d 7 3 x
8 4 x d 7 3x 2
x d 1 (2)
33. (a) x( x 5) t 10
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x 5 x 10 t 0
2
x d –1. Consider the corresponding quadratic function

y x 2 5 x 10 .
(b) 3x 6 t 0 Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 ( > 0), the graph opens
xt2 upwards.
When y = 0,
ɻ x must satisfy x t 2 or x d 1 .
x 2 5 x 10 0
ɺ The range of values of x is x d –1 or x t 2 .
5 r 52 4(1)(10)
x
31. (a) 3 2x x 1 x 2(1)
1
4 3 2 5 r 65
3(3 2 x) 4 x 12 6(1 x)
2
9 6 x 4 x 12 6 6 x
5 65
3 4x ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are and
3
2
x! (1)
4 5 65
.
or 3(1 3 x ) 2
t 11 3 x
2
3(1 3 x) t 22 6 x
3 9 x t 22 6 x
19 t 3 x
19
xd (2)
3

Sketch the graph of y x 2 5 x 10 : (b) ( x 3) 2 t 3( x 3)

( x 3) 2 3( x 3) t 0
( x 3)[( x 3) 3] t 0
( x 3)( x 6) t 0
y ( x 3)( x 6) .
Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 ( > 0), the graph opens
upwards.
When y = 0,
( x 3)( x 6) 0
From the graph, the solutions of x 5x 10 t 0
2
x 3 or x 6
5 65 ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are 3 and 6.
(i.e. x( x 5) t 10 ) are x d or
2 Sketch the graph of y ( x 3)( x 6) :
5 65
xt .
2
(b) 4 x( x 3) 9
4 x 2 12 x 9 ! 0
(2 x 3) 2 ! 0
ɻġ (2 x 3) 2 ! 0 for all real values of x except
3.
x
2
From the graph, the solutions of ( x 3)( x 6) t 0
ġ ɺġ The solutions of 4x( x 3) 9 are all real values
(i.e. ( x 3)2 t 3( x 3) ) are x d 3 or x t 6 .
of x except x 3.
2
35. (a) (2 x 4)( x 1) ( x 2) 2
34. (a) x(5 x 4) 2 x(5 x 4) 2( x 2)( x 1) ( x 2) 2
0 (2 x x)(5 x 4) 0 ( x 2) 2 2( x 2)( x 1)
x(5 x 4) ! 0 0 ( x 2)( x 2 2 x 2)
Consider the corresponding quadratic function 0 ( x 2)( x 4)
y x(5x 4) . ( x 2)( x 4) 0
Since the coefficient of x2 is 5 (> 0), the graph opens Consider the corresponding quadratic function
upwards.
When y = 0,
y ( x 2)( x 4) .
x(5 x 4) 0 Since the coefficient of x2 is 1 (> 0), the graph opens
4
upwards.
x 0 or x When y = 0,
5
( x 2)( x 4) 0
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are 0 and 4 .
5 x 2 or x 4
Sketch the graph of y x(5x 4) : ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are –2 and 4.
From the graph, the solutions of x(5x 4) ! 0

(i.e. x(5x 4) 2x(5x 4) ) are x 0 or x ! 4 . From the graph, the solutions of ( x 2)( x 4) 0
5 (i.e. (2 x 4)( x 1) ( x 2)2 ) are 2 x 4 .

3 Inequalities
(b) (2 x 3)(2 x 3) d 4 x 6 (b) 5(2 y 3) 2 14(2 y 3) 3 0

(2 x 3)(2 x 3) 2(2 x 3) d 0 5(2 y 3) 2 14(2 y 3) 3 ! 0
(2 x 3)(2 x 3 2) d 0 From (a), we have
(2 x 3)(2 x 5) d 0 1
3 2 y 3
5
16
y (2x 3)(2x 5) . 0 2y
5
Since the coefficient of x2 is 4 ( > 0), the graph opens
8
upwards. 0 y
When y = 0, 5
(2 x 3)(2 x 5) 0
3 5 3x 7
x or x 37. ! 2
2 2 5
3 x 7 ! 10
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are 3 and 5 .
2 2 3 x ! 3
Sketch the graph of y (2x 3)(2x 5) : x ! 1 (1)
or ( x 2) t 3( x 8)
2
x 4 x 4 t 3 x 24
2
x 2 x 20 t 0
( x 5)( x 4) t 0
x 5 t 0 x 5 d 0
® or ®
¯x 4 t 0 ¯x 4 d 0
( x t 5 and x t 4) or ( x d 5 and x d 4)
xt4 or x d 5 (2)
From the graph, the solutions of (2x 3)(2x 5) d 0 ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).
(i.e. (2 x 3)(2x 3) d 4x 6 ) are 3 d x d 5 . ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x d –5
2 2 or x > –1.

38. 12 x 2 7 x
y = –5x2 – 14x + 3.
Since the coefficient of x2 is –5 (< 0), the graph opens x 2 7 x 12 ! 0
downwards. ( x 3)( x 4) ! 0
When y = 0,
5 x 2 14 x 3 0
x 3 ! 0 x 3 0
® or ®
( x 3)(5 x 1) 0 ¯ x 4 ! 0 ¯x 4 0
1 ( x ! 3 and x ! 4) or ( x 3 and x 4)
x 3 or x
5 x!4 or x 3 (1)
ɺ The x-intercepts of the graph are –3 and 1 . and x 7 x 10
2
5
Sketch the graph of y = –5x2 – 14x + 3: x 7 x 10 0
2
( x 2)( x 5) 0
x 2 ! 0 x 2 0
® or ®
¯ x 5 0 ¯x 5 ! 0
( x ! 2 and x 5) or ( x 2 and x ! 5)
2 x5 or no solutions (2)
2 < x < 3 or 4 < x < 5.
From the graph, the solutions of –5x2 – 14x + 3 > 0

are 3 x 1 .
5

39. (a) Number of $10 coins = 120 – x 42. (a) C = 180° – A – B ( sum of ː)
ɺ x = 180° – (2x° – 18°) – (x° + 30°)
120 x ! and 5x 10(120 x) 1000
2 = 168° – 3x°
x (b) (i) Since A, B and C must be positive, we

(b) (i) 120 x ! have
2
3x A > 0° and B > 0° and C > 0°
120 ! i.e. 2x – 18 > 0 and x + 30 > 0 and
2 168 – 3x > 0
x 80 (1) 2 x 18 ! 0
(ii)
and 5 x 10(120 x ) 1000 2 x ! 18
5 x 1200 10 x 1000 x!9 (1)
200 5 x 0
and x 30 ! 0
x ! 40 (2) x ! 30 (2)
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality and 168 3 x ! 0
are 40 < x < 80.
168 ! 3 x
(ii) The maximum number of $5 coins is 79. x 56 (3)
ɺ The minimum total amount of money in the ɻ x must satisfy (1), (2) and (3).
bag ɺ The range of values of x is
79 u $5 (120 79) u $10 9 < x < 56. …… (4)
$805
(c) (i) Since UABC is an obtuse-angled triangle,
40. (a) Number of cows = 2000 – x A > 90° or B > 90° or C > 90°
ɺ 500 d x – (2000 – x) d 600 and 2000 – x d 720 i.e. 2x – 18 > 90 or x + 30 > 90 or
168 – 3x > 90
(ii) Consider ‘2x – 18 > 90 or x + 30 > 90 or
(b) 500 d x (2000 x) d 600 168 – 3x > 90’. ……(*)
500 d 2 x 2000 d 600 2 x 18 ! 90
2500 d 2 x d 2600 2 x ! 108
1250 d x d 1300 ......(1) x ! 54 (5)
and 2000 x d 720 or x 30 ! 90
x t 1280 (2) x ! 60 (6)
or 168 3 x ! 90
ɺ The range of values of x is 1280 d x d 1300. 3 x ! 78
Maximum number of sheep = 1300
ɺ Minimum number of cows = 2000 – 1300 = 700 x 26 (7 )
ɻ x must satisfy (5), (6) or (7).
41. Distance travelled by David = t(t + 400) m ɺ The solutions of (*) are
Distance travelled by Paul = t(t + 300) m x < 26 or x > 54. …… (8)
ɺ 7200 d t (t 400) t (t 300) d 8000 ɻ x must satisfy both (4) and (8).
7200 d 2t 2 700t d 8000 ɺ The range of values of x is 9 < x < 26 or
54 < x < 56.
3600 d t 350t d 4000
2
3600 d t 2 350t 43. ɻ The quadratic graph of y kx 2 (k 3) x (2k 3) is

t 350t 3600 t 0
2
always above the x-axis.
(t 360)(t 10) t 0 ɺ k must be positive, i.e. k ! 0 and the quadratic
t d 360 or t t 10 (1) graph has no x-intercepts.
and ɺ kx 2 (k 3) x (2k 3) 0 has no real roots.
t 2 350t d 4000 ɺ '0
t 2 350t 4000 d 0 (k 3) 2 4k (2k 3) 0
[t (175 5 1385)][t (175 5 1385)] d 0 k 2 6k 9 8k 2 12k 0
175 5 1385 d t d 175 5 1385 7k 2 18k 9 ! 0
361.1 d t d 11.1 (cor. to 1 d.p.) (2) (7 k 3)(k 3) ! 0
ɻ t is non-negative and must satisfy both (1) and (2). 3
k! or k 3 (rejected)
ɺ The range of values of t is 10 d t d 11.1. 7
ɺ The range of values of k is k ! 3 .
7

3 Inequalities
44. (a) f ( x) g ( x) (ii) 1 2 | 2.4142

x 1 x 2 2(k 1) x 2k ɺ x t 2.4142
x 2 (2k 1) x (1 2k ) ! 0 If the diameter of the playground is 10 m,
10
ɻġ x2 + (2k + 1)x + (1 – 2k) > 0 for all real values of x 2.5
4
x.
ɺġ x2 + (2k + 1)x + (1 – 2k) = 0 has no real roots. ɺ The diameter of the playground can be
10 m.
ɺ '0
(2k 1) 2 4(1)(1 2k ) 0 47. (a) Total surface area of the cuboid
4k 12k 3 0
2
[2( r )(r ) 4( r )( r 2)] cm 2
§ 3 2 3 · § 3 2 3 · (6r 2 8r ) cm 2
¨¨ k ¸¸ ¨¨ k ¸¸ 0
© 2 ¹© 2 ¹
3 2 3 3 2 3 (b) From the question,
k 6r 2 8r 3950
2 2
ɺ The range of values of k is 3r 2 4r 1975 0
3 2 3 3 2 3 (3r 79)(r 25) 0
k . 79
2 2 r 25
3
(b) From (a), we have ɻ r>0
3 2 3 3 2 3 ɺġ The range of values of r is 0 r 25 .
k
2 2
48. (a) Number of beads required to construct the nth pattern
3.2 k 0.2 (cor. to 1 d.p.) n2
Since k is an integer, the possible values of k are
–3, –2, –1 and 0.
(b) ɻ n2 d 2304
45. ɻġ 3x 2 and 6x2 7 x 24 are two real numbers. ɺ 2304 d n d 2304
ɺġ 3x – 2 t 0 and 6x2 + 7x – 24 t 0 i.e. 48 d n d 48
3x 2 t 0 ɻ n is a positive integer.
xt
2
......(1) ɺ 1 d n d 48
3 ɺ The largest possible pattern is the 48th pattern.
and 6 x 2 7 x 24 t 0
(3x 8)(2 x 3) t 0 49. (a) From the question,
8 3 x 2 ( x 2)( x 1) t 46
xd or x t ...... (2)
3 2 x 2 ( x 2 3x 2) t 46
ɻġ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). 2 x 2 3x 44 t 0
ɺġ The range of values of x is x t 3 . (2 x 11)( x 4) t 0
2
11
xd (rejected) or x t 4
46. (a) Radius of the circular playground 2
4x ɺ The range of values of x is x t 4.
m
2
2x m (b) Minimum length of the wire
= [4 × 4 + 2 × (6 + 5)] cm
Area of the jogging track
= 38 cm
[S (2 x 2)2 S (2 x)2 ] m2
[S (4 x 2 8 x 4) 4S x 2 ] m 2 Challenging Questions (p. 3.58)
4(2 x 1)S m2
1. (a) cos 2 T t 1
cos 2 T 1 t 0
(b) (i) Area of the ≥ area of the (cosT 1)(cosT 1) t 0
playground jogging track cosT d 1 or cos T t 1 ......(1)
S (2 x) 2 t 4(2 x 1)S ɻġ 1 d cosT d 1 ......(2)ġ
x2 t 2 x 1 ġ ġ ɻġ T must satisfy (1) and (2).
x2 2x 1 t 0 ɺ cosT 1 or cosT 1
ġ ġ ġ ġġ
[ x (1 2)][ x (1 2)] t 0 T 180q or T 0q or T 360q
x d 1 2 (rejected) or x t1 2 ġ
ɺ The range of values of x is x t 1 2 .

(b) Let u cosT . 3. Answer: B

1 d 2x 5 d 7
2cos 2 T 5cos T 3 d 0
2u 2 5u 3 d 0
6 d 2 x d 12
(2u 3)(u 1) d 0 3 d x d 6 ......(1)
3 x!3 ......(2)
d u d 1
Since u cosT ,
3
d cosT d 1 ......(3) ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x t 3 .
2
ɻ T must satisfy (2) and (3). 4. Answer: A
ɺ cosT 1 3x 12
T 180q x 4 ......(1)
and 12 4 x
2. Consider x 2 (k 2) x 2k 0.
x 3 ......(2)
Sum of roots a b (k 2) k2 ɻ x must satisfy (1) and (2).
1
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x < –3.
Product of roots ab 2k 2k
1
5. Answer: B
a ! 0 3x 1
° ! 4x 3
Since lengths must be positive, we have ®b ! 0 . 2
°c ! 0
¯ 3x 1 ! 8 x 6
By the triangle inequality, we have x 1 ......(1)
a b ! c and 5 x d 7 x
°
®b c ! a 2 x t 2
°c a ! b
¯ x t 1 ......(2)
k 2 ! c......(1) ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2).
°
®c ! a b......(2) ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are
°c ! b a......(3) –1 ≤ x < 1.
¯
ɺ The possible integral values of x are –1 and 0.
From (2) and (3), we have
ɺ There are 2 integral values of x satisfy the compound
c > a – b and c > b – a
Since a – b ≥ 0 or b – a ≥ 0, we have inequalities.
c 2 ! ( a b) 2 6. Answer: D
c 2 ! (k 2) 2 4(2k ) By the triangle inequality,
c 2 ! k 2 4k 4 ( x 2) 2 x ! 20
c ! (k 2)
2 2 3 x ! 18
c 2 (k 2) 2 ! 0 x ! 6 ......(1)
[c (k 2)][c (k 2)] ! 0 ( x 2) 20 ! 2 x
c k 2 or c > k – 2 x 22 ......(2)
ɻ k > 2 and c > 0 2 x 20 ! x 2
ɺ c>k–2 x ! 18 ......(3)
ɻ c must satisfy all (1), (2) and (3). ɻ x must satisfy (1), (2) and (3).
ɺ The range of values of c is k – 2 < c < k + 2.
ɺ The range of values of x is 6 x 22.
Multiple Choice Questions (p. 3.58)
1. Answer: C 7. Answer: C
By the triangle inequality, we have
2. Answer: A 2.5 5.6 ! x
1 3 x 5 °
®5.6 x ! 2.5
3x ! 6 ° x 2.5 ! 5.6
¯
x!2 (1) x 8.1
°
or 2x 1 t 3 ® x ! 3.1 ......(*)
2x t 2 ° x ! 3.1
¯
x t1 (2) ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).
ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). ɺ 3.1 x 8.1
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x t 1 . ɺ The least possible value of x is 4.

3 Inequalities
8. Answer: B 12. Answer: D

By the triangle inequality, we have ɻ The graph of y 9 x 2 kx 1 has no x-intercepts.
3x 5 x ! 54
° ɺ 9x2 kx 1 0 has no real roots.
®5 x 54 ! 3 x '0
°54 3x ! 5 x ɺ
¯ k 4(9)(1) 0
2
8 x ! 54
° k 2 36
®2 x ! 54
°2 x 54 6 k 6
¯
27 13. Answer: C
°° x ! 4 x 2 x 5 ! k ( x 2)
® x ! 27......(*)
° x x 5 kx 2k ! 0
2
°¯ x 27
x (1 k ) x 2k 5 ! 0
2

ɻ x 2 (1 k ) x 2k 5 ! 0 for all real values of x.
ɺġ 27
x 27 ġ ɺ x 2 (1 k ) x 2k 5 0 has no real roots.
4
ġ Since x is an integer, the possible values of x are 7, 8, ..., ɺ '0
25, 26. (1 k ) 2 4(1)(2k 5) 0
ɺġ 20 different triangles can be formed by the given line
segments. k 2 2k 1 8k 20 0
k 2 10k 21 0
9. Answer: D (k 3)(k 7) 0
From the graph of y x 2 x , the solutions of 3 k 7
x x d 0 are x d 0 or x t 1 .
2
14. Answer: D
10. Answer: A y x 2 3 x 11 ......(1)
°
®
6x2 5x 1 d 0 °̄ y kx 2 ......(2)
( x 1)(6 x 1) d 0 By substituting (1) into (2), we have
x 1 t 0 x 1 d 0 x 2 3 x 11 kx 2
® or ®
¯6 x 1 d 0 ¯6 x 1 t 0 x 2 (3 k ) x 9 0
§ 1· § 1· ɻġ The parabola y x 3x 11 and the straight line

2
¨ x t 1 and x d ¸ or ¨ x d 1 and x t ¸ y kx 2 intersect at two distinct points.

© 6¹ © 6¹
1 d x d
1 or no solutions ɺġ x 2 (3 k ) x 9 0 has two real roots.
6 ɺ
'!0
ɺ The solutions of 6x 5x 1 d 0 are 1 d x d 1 .
2
6 (3 k ) 2 4(1)(9) ! 0
ġ 9 6k k 2 36 ! 0 ġ
11. Answer: B
k 2 6k 27 ! 0
ɻ –5 is a root of 2x kx 5 0 .
2
(k 3)( k 9) ! 0
ɺ 2(5)2 k (5) 5 0 k 3 or k ! 9
50 5k 5 0 ġ ɺġ The range of values of k is k < –3 or k > 9.
5k 45
k 9
ɺ 2 x 2 9 x 5 ! 0
(2 x 2 9 x 5) ! 0
(2 x 1)( x 5) 0
1
5 x
2
ɺ The solutions of 2x kx 5 ! 0 are
2
1 .
5 x
2

HKMO (p. 3.60) (b) (i) Refer to the notations in the figure.
1. log 1 (2 x 1) log 1 ( x 1)
4 2
log(2 x 1) log( x 1)

§1· §1·
log ¨ ¸ log ¨ ¸
©4¹ ©2¹
log(2 x 1) log( x 1)

§1·
2
§1· By the triangle inequality,
log ¨ ¸ log ¨ ¸
©2¹ ©2¹ p (s r ) ! q
log(2 x 1) log( x 1) sr !q p

§1· §1· and p q ! s r
2log ¨ ¸ log ¨ ¸
©2¹ ©2¹ Combining the results, we have
log(2 x 1) q p sr pq
! log( x 1)
2 (ii)
log(2 x 1) ! 2log( x 1) Parallel Remaining
Choice sides sides q–p s–r p+q
log(2 x 1) ! log( x 1)2
r s p q
2 x 1 ! ( x 1) 2 A 10 20 30 40 10 10 70
2x 1 ! x2 2x 1 B 10 30 20 40 20 20 60
C 10 40 20 30 10 30 50
x2 4x 0
D 20 30 10 40 30 10 50
x( x 4) 0 E 20 40 10 30 20 20 40
0 x4 F 30 40 10 20 10 10 30
Since x – 1 must be positive, the range of values of x is
1 < x < 4. (iii) Choice C satisfies the inequality in (b)(i), and the
ɻ x is an integer. lengths of the parallel sides are 10 and 40.
ɺ The maximum value of x is 3.
2. 2(log 1 x) 2 9log 1 x 9 d 0
2 2
(2log 1 x 3)(log 1 3) d 0
2 2
3
3 d log 1 x t
2 2
3
3
§1· §1· 2
¨ ¸ t xt¨ ¸
©2¹ ©2¹
3
8 t x t 22
ɺ The greatest value of x is 8.
ɺ h 8
Investigation Corner (p. 3.67)
(a) (i) DE AB 10 (opp. sides of //gram)

BE AD 20 (opp. sides of //gram)
ɺ EC BC BE
40 20
20
(ii) DE EC 10 20
30
DC
ɺ By the triangle inequality, DE, EC and DC
cannot form a triangle.

3 Inequalities
Exam Focus
Suggested Solutions Marks Remarks

Try a Similar Question 1 (p. 3.61)
5x 3
(a) 3( x 2)
2
5 x 3 6( x 2)
5 x 3 6 x 12
x ! 15 ......(1) 1A
(b) 3x 7 2
3x 9
x ! 3 ......(2) 1A
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x > –15. 1A
ɺ The are 14 negative integers satisfying the compound inequality. 1A
(4)
Try a Similar Question 2 (p. 3.63)

(a) From the question, we have
T (1) ab11 245
ab2 245 ......(1) 1M
and T (2) ab 2 1
343 for either one
3
ab 343 ......(2)
(2) ab3 343
:
(1) ab 2 245
b 1.4 1A
By substituting b = 1.4 into (1), we have for both correct
a(1.4) 2 245
a 125
(2)
(b) ɻ a > 0 and b > 1
ɺ T(2n – 1) > T(n – 1)
T (2n 1) T (n 1) ! 3 u 1010
125(1.4)2 n 125(1.4)n ! 3 u 1010 1M
125(1.4) 125(1.4) 3 u 10 ! 0
2n n 10
(125) (125) 2 4(125)( 3 u1010 )

1.4n or
2(125)
(125) (125) 2 4(125)( 3 u1010 )
1.4n !
2(125)
125 15625 1500 u 1010
1.4n !
250
§ 125 15625 1500 u 1010 ·
log(1.4n ) ! log ¨ ¸
© 250 ¹ 1M
§ 125 15625 1500 u 1010 ·
n log1.4 ! log ¨ ¸
© 250 ¹
n ! 28.6743...
Note that n is an integer.
ɺ The least value of n is 29. 1A
(3)


Exam-type Questions (p. 3.63)
2(8 x 7)
1. (a) t x 3
7
2(8 x 7) t 7( x 3)
16 x 14 t 7 x 21
9 x t 35
35
xt ......(1) 1A
9
and 1 x ! 4
x 5 ......(2) 1A
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequalities are 35 d x 5 . 1A
9
(b) ɻ 1, 2, 3 and 4 satisfy both inequalities in (a).

ɺ There are 4 positive integers satisfying both inequalities in (a). 1A
(4)
x 3x
2. (a) t 2
2 2
x t 4 3x
4x t 4
x t 1 ......(1) 1A
2 x 1 4 3x
or t
5 6
6(2 x 1) t 5(4 3 x)
12 x 6 t 20 15 x
3 x d 26
26
x d ......(2) 1A
3
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) or (2).
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequalities
are x d 26 or x ≥ 1. 1A
3
(b) ɻ –8, –7, –6, –5, –4, –3, –2, –1 and 0 do not satisfy the
compound inequality in (a).
ɺ There are 9 integers not satisfying the compound inequality
in (a). 1A
(4)

3 Inequalities

10 3x
3. (a) x3 !
4
4( x 3) ! 10 3x
4 x 12 ! 10 3x
x ! 2 ......(1) 1A
and 3( x 3) d 18
x 3 d 6
x d 9 ......(2) 1A
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequalities are –2 < x ≤ 9. 1A
(b) –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. 1A

(4)
4. (a) 3(8 x) 2 2( x 7)
24 3x 2 2 x 14
5 x ! 40
x ! 8 ......(1) 1A
or x d 3( x 5) 1
x d 3x 15 1
2 x t 16
x t 8 ......(2) 1A
ɻ x must satisfy both (1) or (2).
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequalities are x ≥ 8. 1A
(b) 8 1A
(4)
5. (a) y 2 x 2 ax b
ª a §a· §a· º
2 2
2 « x2 x ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ » b 1M
¬ 2 ©4¹ ©4¹ ¼
2 2
§ a· a
2¨ x ¸ b
© 4¹ 8
ɻ The coordinates of the vertex of C are (2, –4).
a
ɺ 2
4
a 8
a2
b 4
8
for both correct
(8) 2
b 4
8
b 4 1A
(2)
C : y 2 x 2 8 x 4 ......(1)
(b) ®
¯ L : y kx 4 ......(2)
By substituting (2) and (1), we have
kx 4 2 x 2 8 x 4 1M
2 x 2 (k 8) x 8 0......(3)


ɻ L does not intersect C.
ɺ Δ of (3) < 0
[(k 8)]2 4(2)(8) 0 1M
k 16k 64 64 0
2
k 2 16k 0
k (k 16) 0
16 k 0 1A
ɺ k cannot be a positive number.
ɺ Tony’s claim is agreed. 1A follow through
(4)
6. (a) y x 2 4kx 6 x 2k 3
y x 2 (4k 6) x (2k 3)
ɻ C intersects the x-axis at two distinct points.
ɺ '!0
(4k 6) 2 4(1)(2k 3) ! 0 1M
16k 48k 36 8k 12 ! 0
2
16k 2 56k 24 ! 0
2k 2 7 k 3 ! 0
(2k 1)(k 3) ! 0 1M
1
k or k > 3
2
1
Thus, the required range is k or k > 3. 1A
2
(3)
(b) ɻ The y-intercept of C is positive.
ɺ 2k 3 ! 0 1M
2k ! 3
3
k!
2
3
Thus, the required range is k ! . 1A
2
(2)
(c) From the result of (a), since C intersects the x-axis at two distinct
points, we have
1
k or k > 3......(1) 1M
2
From the result of (b), since the y-intercept of C is positive, we have for either one
3
k ! ......(2)
2
ɻ C intersects the x-axis at two distinct points and the y-intercept
of C is positive.
ɺ k must satisfy both (1) and (2).
3 1
ɺ The required range is k or k > 3. 1A
2 2
(2)

3 Inequalities

y 2 x kx 2 x k ......(1)
2
7. (a) ®
¯y 2 ......(2)
2 x 2 kx 2 x k 2 1M
2 x 2 (2 k ) x (2 k ) 0
ɻ L and Γ intersect at two distinct points.
ɺ '!0
(2 k ) 4(2)(2 k ) ! 0
2
1M
(2 k )(2 k 8) ! 0
(k 2)(k 6) ! 0
k 6 or k > 2
ɺ The range of values of k is k < –6 or k > 2. 1A
(3)
(b) (i) ɻ L and Γ intersect at (p, 2) and (q, 2).
ɺ p and q are the roots of the quadratic equation
2 x 2 (2 k ) x (2 k ) 0 .
2k k 2
Sum of roots pq
2 2 1M
2k
Product of roots pq
2
pq ( p q)2
p 2 2 pq q 2 4 pq
( p q)2 4 pq 1M
2
§k 2· § 2k ·
¨ ¸ 4¨ ¸
© 2 ¹ © 2 ¹
k 2 4k 4
4 2k
4
k 2 4k 4 16 8k
4
k 2 4k 12
1
2
3
(ii) PQ
2
3
pq
2
k 2 4k 12 3
1M
2 2
k 2 4k 12 3
k 2 4k 12 9
k 2 4k 21 0
(k 7)(k 3) 0
7 k 3
Since k > 3, it is not possible that the distance between P and
3
Q is less than . 1A follow through
2
(5)


8. (a) From the question, we have
P(1) 2.75
ab1 2.75
ab 2.75 ......(1) 1M
and P(2) 3.025 for either one
2
ab 3.025 ......(2)
2
(2) ab 3.025
:
(1) ab 2.75
b 1.1 1A
By substituting b = 1.1 into (1), we have
a(1.1) 2.75
5 1A
a
2
(3)
(b) P(n) ! 10
5
(1.1n ) ! 10
2
1.1n ! 4
log(1.1n ) ! log 4
n log1.1 ! log 4 1M
log 4
n!
log1.1
n ! 14.5451...
ɻ n is a positive integer.
ɺ The company X will start making a profit exceeding
$10 million in the 15th year. 1A
(2)
9. (a) x 2 x 12 ! 0
( x 4)( x 3) ! 0 1M
x 4 or x > 3
ɺ The solutions of the inequality are x < –4 or x > 3. 1A
(2)
(b) A(n) B(n) ! 12
1.44n 1.2n ! 12 1M
(1.2n ) 2 1.2n 12 ! 0
1.2n 4 or 1.2n > 3 (by (a)) 1M
1.2 ! 3
n
log(1.2n ) ! log 3 1M
n log1.2 ! log 3
n ! 6.0257...
ɺ In the 7th month since the start of the operation, the total
number of masks produced by factories H and K first exceed
12 millions. 1A
(4)

3 Inequalities

10. (a) 2 x 11x 16 0
2
For the corresponding equation –2x2 + 11x – 16 = 0,

Δ = 112 – 4(–2)(–16) = –7 1M
ɺ The equation has no real roots.
2 x 2 11x 16 0
11
x2 x 8 ! 0
2
2 2
11 § 11 · § 11 ·
x2 x¨ ¸ ¨ ¸ 8 ! 0 1M
2 ©4¹ ©4¹
2
§ 11 · 7
¨x ¸ !0
© 4 ¹ 16
2
§ 11 ·
© 4¹
2
§ 11 · 7
ɺ ¨x ¸ ! 0 for all real values of x.
© 4 ¹ 16
ɺ The solutions of 2 x 2 11x 16 0 are all real values of x. 1A
(3)
(b) 2(1.69n ) 3 ! 11(1.3n ) 13
2(1.3 ) 11(1.3n ) 16 ! 0
n 2
2(1.3n )2 11(1.3n ) 16 0 ......(*) 1M

By (a), the solution of (*) is all real values of 1.3n. 1M
ɺ The solutions of 2(1.69n ) 3 ! 11(1.3n ) 13 are all real
values of n. 1A
ɺ The expenditure will be more than the revenue for each year
of operation.
ɺ The claim is correct. 1A follow through
(4)
11. Answer: C
5 4 x 17
4 x 12
x ! 3 ......(1)
and 9 x ! 10 x 2
x ! 2
x 2 ......(2)
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are –3 < x < –2.
12. Answer: D
5x 1 x 5
!
6 2 2 2
5 x 3 ! 3 x 15
2 x ! 12
x ! 6 ......(1)
or 3x 11 t 7
3x t 18
x t 6 ......(2)
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x ≥ 6.


13. Answer: B
4x 5 3
2 ! x
4 4
8 (4 x 5) ! 4 x 3
8 4x 5 ! 4x 3
8 x ! 16
x 2 ......(1)
x2 x
or ! 2
3 2
2( x 2) 3 x ! 12
2 x 4 3 x ! 12
x ! 8
x 8 ......(2)
ɺ The solutions of the compound inequality are x < 8.
ɺ The greatest integer satisfying the compound inequality is 7.
14. Answer: D
3
The quadratic equation 2 x kx k
2
ɻ has only non-real roots.
2
3
ɺ 2 x 2 kx k 0 has no real roots.
2
ɺ '0
§ 3·
k 2 4(2) ¨ k ¸ 0
© 2¹
k 8k 12 0
2
(k 2)(k 6) 0
2k 6
ɺ The range of values of k is 2 < k < 6.
15. Answer: D
y x 2 2 x k ......(1)
®
¯kx y 2 0 ......(2)
–x2 + (k – 2)x + (2 – k) = 0
ɻ The parabola y = x2 + 2x + k and the straight line kx – y + 2 = 0
intersect.
ɺ –x2 + (k – 2)x + (2 – k) = 0 has real root(s).
ɺ 't0
(k 2) 4( 1)(2 k ) t 0
2
k 2 4k 4 8 4k t 0
k 2 8k 12 t 0
(k 2)(k 6) t 0
k d 2 or k ≥ 6

3 Inequalities
16. Answer: B
ɻ x2 – (p + 2)x + 3p – 2 > 0 for any real number x.
ɺ The corresponding equation x2 – (p + 2)x + 3p – 2 = 0 has no real
roots.
ɺ '0
[( p 2)]2 4(1)(3 p 2) 0
p 2 4 p 4 12 p 8 0
p 2 8 p 12 0
( p 2)( p 6) 0
2 p6
ɺ The range of values of p is 2 < p < 6.
17. Answer: A
For I:
From the figure, the graph of y = ax2 + bx + c opens downwards.
ɺ a0
Since the x-coordinate of the vertex of the graph > 0, by considering
the sum of roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, we have
1 d
!0
2
b
!0
a
ɻ a>0
ɺ b>0
ɺ I must be true.
For II:
By considering the product of roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0,
we have
c
(1)(d )
a
ad c 0
ɺ II must be true.
For III:
From the graph,
the solutions of ax2 + bx + c < 0 are x < –1 or x > d.
ɺ III is not true.
ɺ The answer is A.

HKDSE Mathematics in Action (3rd Edition) 5A - Chapter 03 Inequalities - Full Solution

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3 Inequalities

3 Inequalities Review Exercise 3 (p. 3.6)

Basic Knowledge Review

Let’s Try (p. 3.4)

1 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

Activity 3.2 (p. 3.20)

2 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

2. Classwork (p. 3.14)

(b) 3 < x < 2

Maths Dialogue Solutions of the compound inequality

Classwork (p. 3.8)

x t 3 and x d 2 Classwork (p. 3.22)

3 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

Quick Practice 3.4 (p. 3.11)

4 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

or x ! 3x  2 ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).

5 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

From the graph, the solutions of x2 – 3x – 10 < 0 are

From the graph, there are no solutions for  x  x  1 t 0 .

From the graph, the solutions of  x  4x  2 d 0 are

(b) From the graph, the solutions of  x  x  1 d 0 are all real

6 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

( x  3)(2 x  1) d 0 ' 5  4(1)(7) 3  0

­x  3 t 0 ­x  3 d 0 ɺ The equation has no real roots.

1 ɻ The straight line y k  2 cuts the graph of

x except x 3 . ɺ The range of values of k is k  6 or k ! 2.

(b) ɻ ( x  3) 2 t 0 for all real values of x .

7 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

Quick Practice 3.23 (p. 3.46)

x3 (b) Let y = x – 2.

Exercise 3A (p. 3.12)

9 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

10 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

11 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). x  1 2x  1

(b) The smallest integer that satisfies the compound

12 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

(b) The negative integers that satisfy the compound

13 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

Exercise 3B (p. 3.18) 6. 7  2 x  1

14 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).

x ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2).

16 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

13  2 x (b) From (a), the solutions of

17 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

ɻ x must satisfy (1) or (2). 2. By the triangle inequality, we have

9 4. From the question,

(c) ɻ (12  16) cm 28 cm

18 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

6. From the question, Level 2

(b) From the graph, the solutions of x  5x  4  0

20 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

2. (a) From the graph, the solutions of 2x  9x  4 ! 0

(b) From the graph, the solutions of 2x  7 x  10 d 0

are all real values of x.

4. Consider the corresponding quadratic function

5. Consider the corresponding quadratic function

From the graph, the solutions of (5x  3)( x  8) t 0 are

21 © United Prime Educational Publishing (HK) Ltd. 2024

(b) 3 < x < 2

x t 3 and x d 2 Classwork (p. 3.22)

or x ! 3x 2 ɻ x must satisfy all inequalities in (*).

From the graph, there are no solutions for x x 1 t 0 .

From the graph, the solutions of x 4x 2 d 0 are

(b) From the graph, the solutions of x x 1 d 0 are all real

( x 3)(2 x 1) d 0 ' 5 4(1)(7) 3 0

x 3 t 0 x 3 d 0 ɺ The equation has no real roots.

1 ɻ The straight line y k 2 cuts the graph of

x except x 3 . ɺ The range of values of k is k 6 or k ! 2.

(b) ɻ ( x 3) 2 t 0 for all real values of x .

x3 (b) Let y = x – 2.

ɻ x must satisfy both (1) and (2). x 1 2x 1

Exercise 3B (p. 3.18) 6. 7 2 x 1

13 2 x (b) From (a), the solutions of

(c) ɻ (12 16) cm 28 cm

(b) From the graph, the solutions of x 5x 4 0

2. (a) From the graph, the solutions of 2x 9x 4 ! 0

(b) From the graph, the solutions of 2x 7 x 10 d 0

From the graph, the solutions of (5x 3)( x 8) t 0 are

From the graph, the solutions of x 2x 3 ! 0 are

From the graph, the solution of x 8x 16 d 0 is x 4.

From the graph, the solutions of 4x 20x 25 ! 0 are all

From the graph, the solutions of x 7 x 9 ! 0 are

21. Consider the corresponding quadratic function 23. ( x 1) 2 t 25

From the graph, the solutions of 8 6x 9x t 0 are

x ( x 8) 27. ( x 2)( x 3) d ( x 3)(3 x 1)

From the graph, the solutions of ( x 3)(2x 3) t 0

From the graph, the solutions of x 8x 2 t 0

From the graph, the solutions of x 9x 0

7. ( x 5)(11 2x) d 0 12. 4x2 9 ! 0

x 2 2 x 120 d 0 From the table, the solutions of 2x2 – 3x – 9 ≤ 0

ġ ɺġ The solutions of x2 – 2x – 120 ≤ 0 are 10 d x d 12 . x 5 x 5 5 x 5 x = 5 x > 5

17. (a) x 2 10 x 25 ! 0 (b) x2 5x 7 ! 0

ɻ ¨ x ¸ t 0 for all real values of x.

(a) ɻ (2 x 3)2 d 0 holds only when 2 x 3 0 ,

ɺ The solutions of 4x 12x 9 ! 0 are all real

ɺ There are no solutions for ( x 2) 1 t 0 . 2

24. For the corresponding equation 3x 5x 7 0 ,

y2 y 6 ! 0 Exercise 3F (p. 3.46)

(b) Let y 3x 2 . (b) ɻġ x2 – kx + 16 = 0 has no real roots.

( y 1)[2( y 1) 3] [3 2( y 1)][( y 1) 1] d 0 ɺ The range of values of k is k 3 or k ! 5 .

y 6 at two distinct points. k 2 6k 9 4

(c) AB < 2 Sketch the graph of y x( x 3) :

6. 2 x 3 ! 11 Sketch the graph of y (3x 2)( x 8) :

Revision Exercise 3 (p. 3.54) 3. (a) x2t0

13. (a) 2x2 5x 2 d 0

1 2x 19. By the triangle inequality, we have