Identification of The Cations and Anions in Toothpaste

Index
1. Certificate by Teacher…………………
2. Certificate by Examiner………………
3. Declaration……………………………
4. Acknowledgement……………………
5. Verification…………………………..
6. Objectives of the Project………………
7. Introduction…………………………
8. Material Required…………………..
9. Procedure…………………………...
10. Observation……………………….
11. Conclusion………………………..
12. Bibliography………………………..
INTRODUCTION
Every Health book insist on the chewing of food. The act chewing the excretion of
saliva. Saliva mixes up with the food and helps its digestion. That is, the enzyme
ptyalin or amylase present in human saliva hydrolyzes the big molecules of food
into many molecules. For example starch into mono-saccharides maltose and
glucose; proteins into amino acids and glycerol. Thus saliva not only helps in
digestion substances. Further, enzymes and their activity are very sensitive to
temperature and ph. Even a slight variation in these two factors, can disturb the
action of enzymes. In other words, digestion of food by salivary amylase is also
effected by pH and temperature and can be verified experimentally. For example,
hydrolysis of starch can be verified by testing it with iodine solution. Starch is
present in a system it will not give blue color with iodine
Material Required
The requirement for experiment Chemistry project Report are as under:
1) Test tubes
2) Test tube stand
3) One dropper
4) Beaker
5) Stop watch
6) Starch and Iodine solution
7) Thermometer
8) Dilute HCL and Dilute NaOH solution
Chemistry Experiment 1 Procedure
Procedure for Chemistry Experiment 1 is:
1) Collection Od Saliva–Rinse mouth thoroughly with cold water and ensure

that it does not contain any food particles. Now take about 20ml of lube
warm water in saliva mixes up well with it. Spit this into a beaker. Filter if
there is any suspended impurity clear filtrate is saliva solution and contains
enzyme ptyalin.
2) Preparation of starch solution– Take about 0.5g of starch in 100ml beaker
and add enough water to make a paste. Dilute the paste by adding 50ml
water and boil for about 5 minutes.
3) Digestion of starch:-
(a) Take 5ml of the starch solution in attest tube. Add 2ml of saliva
solution into it. Mix the solution well by shaking the tube carefully and
start a step watch.
(b) After one minute take out two drop of mixture solution from the test
tube with the help of a dropper and transfer it into another test tube
containing about one 1 ml of 1% iodine solution. Note the color
produced, if any.
(c) Repeat this test after every one minute taking two drops of the
mixture solution and fresh 1% iodine solution continue until the test
shows no blue color. Record the time and blue color intensity
OBSERVATION
Time
Passed 1 2 3 4
after Minute Minute Minute Minute
mixing
Color Deep Light

Blue No Blue
Intensity Blue Blue
Absence of blue color on addition to iodine solution means absence of
starch in the mixture solution. That is whole of the starch in the mixture solution.
That is whole of the starch has got digested or Hydrolysis.

Chemistry Expriment 2
Procedure:- Effect of temperature on the digestion of starch
By saliva.
1) Take three test tubes and label these 1,2, and 3.
2) Take 5ml of the starch solution, 2ml of the saliva solution and 5ml of water
in each test tube.
3) Place test tube Number 1 in water at room temperature, test tube number in a
beaker containing water at 50 C and test tube Number 3 in boiling water.
4) After 5 Minutes, observe the color change on mixing two drops of the
mixture of every tube with one ml of 1% iodine solution. Note the intensity
of blue colored form.
Conclusion
Starch get hydrolyzed by saliva amylase

Chemistry Experiment 3
Procedure:- To study the effect of pH on the salivary
Digestion of starch
1) Take three test tubes and label 1, 2 and 3.
2) Add 5 ml of the starch solution, 2ml of the saliva solution in each test tubes
3) Now ass 2ml of water in test tube Number 1 2ml of Dilute HCL in test tube
Number 2 and 2 ml of Dilute NaOH solution in test number 3 and shake
carefully.
4) Keep the tree test tubes in water at room temperature for about 10 minutes.
5) Add 2 drops of the solution of each test tubes with 1% iodine solution and
observe the color change

Conclusion
Temperature effects the digestion of starch by salivary with increase in
temperature salivary amylase get inactivated and process of digestion do not
take place
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1 http://www.google.com
2 http://en.wikipedia.org
3 N.C.E.R.T Class 12 Chemistry
4 Dinesh Chemistry
5 Comprehensive Chemistry

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Index

6. Objectives of the Project………………

action of enzymes. In other words, digestion of food by salivary amylase is also

effected by pH and temperature and can be verified experimentally. For example,

hydrolysis of starch can be verified by testing it with iodine solution. Starch is

present in a system it will not give blue color with iodine

The requirement for experiment Chemistry project Report are as under:

2) Test tube stand

8) Dilute HCL and Dilute NaOH solution

Chemistry Experiment 1 Procedure

Procedure for Chemistry Experiment 1 is:

1) Collection Od Saliva–Rinse mouth thoroughly with cold water and ensure

after Minute Minute Minute Minute

Color Deep Light

Absence of blue color on addition to iodine solution means absence of

That is whole of the starch has got digested or Hydrolysis.

Procedure:- Effect of temperature on the digestion of starch

1) Take three test tubes and label these 1,2, and 3.

in each test tube.

beaker containing water at 50 C and test tube Number 3 in boiling water.

of blue colored form.

Starch get hydrolyzed by saliva amylase

Procedure:- To study the effect of pH on the salivary

1) Take three test tubes and label 1, 2 and 3.

Number 2 and 2 ml of Dilute NaOH solution in test number 3 and shake

observe the color change

Temperature effects the digestion of starch by salivary with increase in

temperature salivary amylase get inactivated and process of digestion do not

3 N.C.E.R.T Class 12 Chemistry

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