REVIEW FOR
MIDTERM EXAM
LESSON 1
• Definition of Technology from different
proponents.
• The New Book of Knowledge (2007),
Greenwood Dictionary of Education (2003), &
Newby et al. (2000)
• Definition of Information and Communication
Technology.
• Anderson (2010), UNDP (2001), UNESCO
(2011), RA 10844 (2016), TESDA, Florencio &
Andong (2008),
• 6 Components of ICT
• Definition of Educational Technology.
• Council for Educational Technology of the
United Kingdom, as cited by Lucido (1997),
Association for Educational Communication
and Technology (2008), UNESCO (1974),
Lucido (1997), Encyclopedia of Educational
Technology, & Association for Educational
Communication and Technology.
• Definition of Instructional System.
• Loughary (1968), Lee (1975), and Glaser
(1962).
• Definition of Technology Tools.
• Ballado (2012) lists other terms used to
denote the scope of technology in teaching
and learning.
LESSON 2
• Hawkridge (1990) advanced four popular
rationales for schools to adopt ICT, particularly
computers.
• Hawkridge (1990) added further that there are
three other rationales, possibly being
neglected.
• Kaur (2017) listed some important roles of
21st century teachers.
• Roschelle et. al. (2001) posit that effective use
of technology can provide ways of teaching,
which match how children learn.
• Amin (2016) listed some effects of an ICT-
based environment on the educational
system.
• Kollias & Kikis (2005) enumerated significant
pedagogical benefits of ICT.
• Florencio & Andong (2008) enumerated how
computers, as one form of ICT, are use in
classrooms.
• Kaur (2017) identified some limitations of
technology from the perspective of teachers
• Similarly, Kaur (2017) identified limitations as
expressed by teachers.
• Aside from the teachers' and students'
limitations, concerns and issues on ICT use in
education are beyond their control.
LESSON 3
• ICT and National Policies
• Independent Framework Elements.
• Ham et al. (2002) categorized levels of ICT
integration into three.
• Stages of Adoption And Use Of ICT.
• ICT Policy Components
• The standards, address six educational system
components: policy, curriculum and
assessment, pedagogy, the use of technology,
school organization and administration, and
teacher professional development.
• In the seven roles assumed by a teacher (ISTE,
2017), the first three of which feature the
teacher as an empowered professional while
the latter four describe the teacher as a
learning catalyst.
• The NICS Teacher is divided into four distinct
categories. Standards, statements, and
indicators make up each field. It talks about
the domain and standards.
• The PPST also describes a teacher's
competence in a progression of four stages,
from a novice to an expert.
LESSON 4
• Definition of Digital Natives.
• Differences of Digital Natives and Digital
Immigrants.
• Categories of Digital Natives.
• Categories of Digital Immigrants.
• Myths of Digital Natives.
• Definition of Digital Divides.
• Sorj (2008) considers five factors that affect
the digital divide.
• Nielsen (2006) classified the digital divide.
LESSON 5
• Definition of Digital Literacy.
• 5 major digital literacy skills.
• Digital Literacy – What It Is And What It Is
Not?
• Heick (n.d.) shares the four principles of digital
literacy.
• Digital literacy operates on seven
components.
• Digital Literacy In The 21st Century Skills
Framework.
• The specific skills for the three literacies.
• Improving Lives Through Digital Literacy.
LESSON 6
• Definitions of Digital Citizenship.
• Elements Of Digital Citizenship.
• The Elements Of Digital Citizenship Interrelated.
• The nine elements of digital citizenship are
interconnected with each other. In order to
provide clear perspectives on these elements,
these elements are combined categorically, to wit
(Isman & Gungoren, 2014)
• In the same light, Ribble (2020) grouped the
elements under three (3) categories – Respect,
Educate, and Protect.
• The nine elements were also classified as levels of
support named the S3 framework, which stands
for Safe, Savvy, and Social.
