National Higher School for Hydrolics (NHSH)

The Mujahid Abdellah ARBAOUI

Numerical Analysis 1, Academic Year 2024-2025
Tutorials 1- September 24 2024
Chapter 1 : Notions of errors
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Exercise 1 : Compute the absolute error and relative error in approximations of x by x .
a. x = π, x∗ = 22/7
b. x = π, x∗ = 3.1416
c. x = e, x∗ = 2.718
d. x =√2, x∗ = 1.414

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Exercise 2 : Suppose x must approximate x with relative error at most 10−3 . Find the largest
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interval in which x must lie for each value of x .
1. x=150 2. x=900 3. x=1500 5 . x=90

Exercise 3:1. Use three-digit rounding arithmetic to perform the following calculations.
Compute the absolute error and relative error with the exact value determined to at least five
digits.
a. 133 + 0.921 b. 133 − 0.499 c. (121 − 0.327) – 119 d. (121 − 119) − 0.327
22
π−
13 6 7
−
14 7
e. 2exp (1)−5 . 4
3
f. -10 π +6 exp (1 ) -62
( )( )
2 9
g. 9 7 , h.
1
17
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Exercice 4: Let x and y be two positive exact quantities, x and y two positive approximations
of and x and y .

1. Prove that, 1-
Δ x + y =Δ x +Δ y δ
, 2- ( x + y )
≤max(δ x , δ y )
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Prove that, 1-
Δ xy =x Δ y + y Δ x , δ =δ x + δ y
2- xy
2.

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Exercise 5:1. Let a=0 . 0987±0. 5×10 and b=20 .104±4×10 
Determine the number of correct decimals and the number of significant digits for both a and b .
2. Let c = 22.73531443. Round the value c correctly to 5 significant digits to obtain the
approximation c . Give both the approximate value c and an upper bound for the absolute
error |Δc| in the approximation.

x− y
f ( x , y , z )=
Exercise 6. 1. Let z where x = 8.25, y = 1.05 and z = 4.00 are correctly
rounded. Compute an approximate value for together with a bound for the absolute error.

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 bx
2. Let f ( x )=e , where b=1. 70±0 .01 . Compute f ( 2) and also use the error propagation
formula to give an error bound.

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3. The area of a circle is A=πr . Compute the area, and an error bound, for the case
when r =23. 76±0 . 02 and we approximate π by 3.142.
b
4. Let y=ae where a=1 .54±0 . 03 and b=3 .17±0 . 05 . Compute the approximate value y
and an error bound.

Exercice 7 :1. Determine the number of exact significant digits of the approximate number
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x =25. 253405 of x if the absolute error is Δ( x )=0 . 000325
.
2. Determine the number of exact significant digits of the approximate number 2.2505, if we have
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a relative error less than δ ( x )=10 .
3. If all significant digits of 3.2501 are correct. What is its absolute and relative error.

Exercice 8 : 1- How many significant digits does each number have

a 1=0 . 015000 , a 2=5 . 1000 , a3 =7 . 0001 , a4 =3. 0000
x be an approximate number of x , has n exact significant digits and α m the first
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2- Let
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significant digit of x , give an upper bound in the relative error δ ( x ) .

x be the approximate value of x and Δ x the upper bound of the absolute error
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Exercice 9 :1. Let
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Δ( x ) , prove that we can write x=x ±Δ x
δ =2 δ x .
2. If S= x , we use the approximation Δ(f (x ))=df ( x ) , show that S
2

1
=0 . 08
Let S=12. 34±0 .01 , x=√ S=3 . 5128 and 12 .38
δ
3. Calculate the upper bound of the relative error S

4. Calculate the upper bound of the relative error

δx

5. Calculate the upper bound of the absolute error

Δx
6How many exact significant digits does x have.

Z
Exercice 10:1. Let z be an approximate value of 1 and
Δ z =|z|δ z , give the definition of
Δ z and δ z .
Z =0 . 3501 , how many significant digits does have
2. Let z=0 . 3500 be the approximate value of 1
z.

3. How many exact significant digits does z have .

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 x
u= , x >0, y >0
Exercice 11 : Let y and f be a function defined and differentiable on IR, we
use the approximation Δ(f (x ))=df ( x ) .

1. Determine the expressions of Δ(u),, δ (u ) , δ u et Δ u .

2.If Δ( x )=0 . 02 , x=1. 25 , Δ( y )=0 .015 and y=2 . 135 calculate Δ(u), , δ (u ) , δ u and Δu to 3
chiffres significatifs exacts.

Exercice 12: 1. With how many digits should x=√ 19 be calculated so that the relative error does
0
not exceed 0.1 0 .
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2. The relative precision of the approximate number x =24523 is 0.10 0 , how many exact digits
does it have.

Exercice 13 : 1- Let x=5 . 25954500 and y=4 . 374555 . Round x

1.a. Up to 6 exact significant digits.
1.b. Up to 5 exact significant digits..
1.c . Up to 4 exact significant digits.
1.d. Round z= x− y Up to 3 exact significant digits..

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Exercice 14: 1. Let x =3. 1250 the approximate value of x and the relative error

( )
n−1
1 1
δ ( x )≤ ¿
3 10 how many exact significant digits does x have.
−3
2. If δ x =0 . 1×10 , calculate the upper bound of the absolute error
Δx
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3. How many exact significant digits does z have .
4. Determine the number of exact significant digits of numbers x= 6.17825 if the relative error is
δ ( x )=10−4 .
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5. If all significant digits of x =2525. 15 are exact. What is its relative error.

Use your intelligence

1. At the ENSH school
let's line up by 2, it will be 1 missing , also by 3, by 4 and by 5,
Always one missing. We are less than 2019 persons.
How many our number.

2. Year of birth
Subtract the sum of the four digits from your year of birth.
You thus obtain a result divisible by 9.
Why this.

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