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2way Anova

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30 views4 pages

2way Anova

Uploaded by

Raul Villaluna
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Presentation on theme: "An Introduction to Two-Way

ANOVA"— Presentation transcript:


An Introduction to Two-Way ANOVA
Shree GaneshAn Introduction to Two-Way ANOVAPREPARED BY: -Dr. PORAS PATELCall &
Whatsapp : (M)Id:

CONTENTS Introduction Assumption of two way anova


Related terminology in two way anovaTwo way anova calculations-manuallyAdvantages
of two-way anovaExamples covering two way anova – using MS Excel

ANOVA : What is it?An ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), sometimes called an F test, is


closely related to the t test.The major difference:t - testmeasures thedifferencebetween
themeans of two groupsANOVA testsmeasures the differencebetween themeans ofmore
than two groups

Two-Way ANOVA (Factorial ANOVA)


Extension of one way ANOVAThere are two independent variables (Hence the name two
way)Two-way ANOVA is an extension of the paired t test to more than two treatments

What is two way independent ANOVA?


Two Independent VariableS (IVs)Two-way = 2 IVsThree-way = 3 IVsDifferent
participants in all conditionsIndependent = “Different Participants”Several independent
variables is known as a factroial design

Two-Way ANOVA“Two-Way” means groups are defined by 2 independent variables


(IVs)These IVs are typically called factorsWith 2-Way ANOVA, there aretwo main effects
and 1 interaction, so there are 3 F testsAll, some, or none may be significant

there are three types of ANOVA analysis available:


1) Single Factor ANOVA 2) Two-Factor ANOVA Without Replication 3) Two-Factor ANOVA
with ReplicationEach ANOVA test type is explained below:

8 Single Factor ANOVASingle Factor ANOVA tests the effect of just one factor.Example:
the teaching method, on the measured outputs. The measured outputs are the mean
test scores for the groups that had the different teaching methods applied to them. The
Null Hypothesis for this one factor states that varying that factor has no effect on the
outcome.

9 Two-Factor ANOVA Without Replication Two-Factor ANOVA Without Replication -


Allows testing of the original factor plus one other factor. For example, in addition to
testing teaching methods, you could also test an additional factor, such as whether
differences in teaching ability caused additional variation in the outcome of test
average scores. Each factor has a Null Hypothesis which states that varying that factor
had no effect on the outcome.

Two-Factor ANOVA With Replication Two-Factor ANOVA With Replication allows for
testing both factors as above. This method also allows us to test the effect of interaction
between the factors upon the measured outcome. The test is replicated in two places.
This allows for analysis of whether the interaction between the two factors has an
effect on the measured outcome. The Null Hypothesis for this interaction test states
that varying the interaction between the two factors has no effect on the measured
outcome. Each of the other two factors being tested also has its own Null Hypothesis.

Logic of One Way ANOVAOne Way ANOVASStotalSSbetweenSSwithin

Logic of Two Way ANOVA Two Way ANOVA SStotal SSbetween SSwithin
SSfactorASSfactorBSSinteractionMain Effect 1Main Effect 2Interaction

Assumptions for the Two Factor ANOVA


Observations within each sample are independentPopulations are normally or
approximately normally distributedPopulations from which the samples are selected
must have equal variances (homogeneity of variance)The groups must have the same
sample size

FactorsThe two independent variables in a two-way ANOVA are called factorsThe idea is
that there are two variables, factors, which affect the dependent variableEach factor will
have two or more levels within itThe degrees of freedom for each factor is one less than
the number of levels

Hypotheses There are three sets of hypothesis with the two-way ANOVA
The null hypotheses for each of the sets are given belowThe population means of the
first factor are equal. This is like the one-way ANOVA for the row factorThe population
means of the second factor are equal. This is like the one-way ANOVA for the column
factorThere is no interaction between the two factors

Treatment GroupsTreatment Groups are formed by making all possible combinations of


the two factorsAll treatment groups must have the same sample size for a two-way
ANOVAFor example,if the first factor has 3 levels andthe second factor has 2
levels,Then, 3x2=6 different treatment groups

Main EffectThe main effect involves the independent variables one at a timeThe
interaction is ignored for this partJust the rows or just the columns are used, not
mixedThis is the part which is similar to the one-way analysis of variance

Interaction EffectThe interaction effect is the effect that one factor has on the other
factorThe degrees of freedom here is the product of the two degrees of freedom for
each factor

Within VariationThe Within variation is the sum of squares within each treatment
groupThe within variance = within variationits degrees of freedomThe within group is
also called the error

F-Tests There is an F-test for each of the hypotheses


The F-test is the mean square for each main effect and the interaction effect divided by
the within varianceF-test = mean squarewithin varianceThe numerator df come from
each effect, and the denominator df is the df for the within variance in each case

Advantages of two-way ANOVA


1. More efficient to study two factors (A and B) simultaneously, rather than separately2.
We can investigate interactions between factors(can investigate complex
associations)3. In a two way anova (A×B design) there are four sources of
variationsVariation due to factorAVariation due to factor BVariation due to the
interactive effect of A & BWithin cell (error) variation

BASIC TWO -WAY ANOVA TABLE


Source of variationSS df MS[SS/df]FPvalueFcritMain effect AMain effect BInteractive
effectWithinTotal

TWO – WAY ANOVA WITHOUT REPLICATION WITH EXAMPLE

A Comparison of Dissolution of Various Tablet Formulations:


Eight laboratories were requested to participate in an experimentObjective :To compare
the dissolution rates of two generic products and a standard drug productPurpose:(a) To
determine if the products had different rates of dissolution, and(b) To estimate the
laboratory variability (differences)c) Interaction effect between lab & product

Tablet Dissolution After 30 Min for Three Products (% Dissolution)


LABORATORYGENERICSTANDARDROW
TOTALA B 1 89 83 942662 93 75 782463 872514 80 76 852415 77 84 6 732447 822378
68220

26 CLICK ON DATA

27 CLICK ON DATA ANALYSIS

28 CLICK OK AT LASTSELECT = ANOVA: TWO – FACTOR WITHOUT REPLICATION

29 CLICK ON INPUT RANGE SELECTION

30 CLICK ON THIS AT LAST

31 CLICK ON THIS TO SELECT OUTPUT RANGE

32 SELECT THIS B13 CELL TO DEFINE RESULT AREA


THEN CLICK ON THIS

33 THEN CLICK ON THIS

34 YOUR RESULTS

35 CHECK THISCHANGE ALL RELEVANT DATA

38 TWO – WAY ANOVA WITH REPLICATION

40 We will take 6 samples from each contry from 6 different places.


Replicate tablet dissolution data for eight laboratories testing three products (Percent
distribution)If we take an example that we had test content uniformity for Paracetamol
and Diclofenac from USA, INDIA and AUSTRALIA.We will take 6 samples from each
contry from 6 different places.The table can be summarized as follows:
41 PARACETAMOL DICLOFENAC
GROUPWESTCENTEREASTUSAINDIAAUSTRALIAPARACETAMOL92 98 93 97 99 94 95 91 9
6DICLOFENAC

42 ANOVA: TWO-FACTOR WITH REPLICATION

43 THEN CLICK OK

45 BENEFIT OF FACTORIAL DESIGN


We can look at how variables interact.Interactions which…..Show how the effects of one
Independent Variables (IVs) might depend on the effects of anotherAre often more
interesting than main effects

46 Thank you…!!!

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