Republic of the Philippines

State University of Northern Negros

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

FS 1
On Teacher’s Philosophy of Education
Episode 16

Activity 16.1 Analyzing DepEd’s Philosophy of Education

Resource Teacher: Eyren May Grace P. Bongaitan Teacher’s Signature __________
School: Sagay City Senior High School
Grade /Year Level: __11___ Subject Area: General Mathematics Date: November 25, 2024

OBSERVE
 Determine prevailing philosophies of education based on DepEd Vision and Mission statements, core
values and mandate and on the K to 12 Curriculum Framework and Guide.
 Study the DepEd Vision and Mission statements, Core Values and Mandate.
 Read the feature of the K to 12 Curriculum Framework and Guide and Sec. 5 of RA 10533.
 Accomplish the table below by answering this question: Which philosophies are expressed?
 Cite relevant statements to back up an identified philosophy of education. You are given an example.

Philosophies of Education Which philosophies are Which philosophies are

expressed in the DepEd Vision, expressed in the K to 12
Mission Statements, Core Curriculum Framework and
Values, Mandate? Give proof Guide and Sec. 5 of RA 10533?
Give proof
1. Essentialism- teach mastery of Essentialism- the core values of Essentialism- list of standards
the basics; curriculum is Maka-Diyos, maka-tao, maka- and competencies that learners
prescribed; subject matter- kalikasan, and maka-bansa show are expected to attain is the
centered there are universal, that DepEd is essentialist. DepEd subject matter that students are
objective values; inculcate values believes in unchanging values expected to learn.
in subject matter that need to be inculcated. - Essentialist
2. Perennialism- teach those that
last, the classics; there are
universal values; inculcate these
universal, objective values
3. Progressivism- very child-
centered; teach those that interest
the child; one learns by
experience; learners learn by
doing so teacher teacher’s
teaching is experiential; values
 Republic of the Philippines
State University of Northern Negros
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

are subjective; no inculcation of

values since they are subjective;
instead, teachers help students
clarify their values
4. Reconstructionism- school is
agent of change; schooling is
preparing students for the social
changes; teaching is involving the
students in the discussions of
moral dilemmas.
5. Existentialism- teachers teach
learners to make a choice, to
make a decision and not merely
follow the crowd; one who does
not make a choice and so simply
follow others do not live
meaningful life
6. Pragmatism- that which is
useful, that which is practical and
that which works is what is good;
that which is efficient and
effective is that which is good. e.
g. showing a video clip on
mitosis is more efficient and
more effective and therefore
more practical than teacher
coming up with a visual aid by
drawing mitosis on a cartolina or
illustration board.
7. Rationalism- emphasizes the
development of the learners’
reasoning powers; knowledge
comes through reason; teacher
must develop the reasoning
power of the learner
8. Utilitarianism- what is good is
that which is most useful (that
which brings happiness) to the
greatest number of peoples;
9. Empiricism- source of
knowledge is through senses;
teacher must involve the senses
in teaching-learning
10. Behaviorism- behavior is
shaped deliberately by forces in
the environment ang that the type
of person and actions desired can
 Republic of the Philippines
State University of Northern Negros
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

be the product of design;

behavior is determined by others,
rather than the person’s own free
will; teacher must carefully
shaped desirable behavior; drills
are commonly used to enhanced
learning; rewards reinforce
learning.
11. Constructivism- learners are
capable of constructing
knowledge and meaning;
teaching-learning therefore is
constructing knowledge and
meaning; teacher does not just
“tell” or dictate but asks learners
for knowledge they construct and
meaning of lesson
12. Other Philosophies

Activity 16.2 Articulating My Personal Philosophy of Teaching

Resource Teacher: Eyren May Grace P. Bongaitan Teacher’s Signature __________
School: Sagay City Senior High School
Grade /Year Level: __11___ Subject Area: General Mathematics Date: November 25, 2024

Observe
 Observe how a teacher relates to every learner and how he/she proceeds with her teaching.
 Accomplish this Observation Sheet

Here are philosophies of education. Find out which philosophies were manifested in class by observing what
and how teacher teaches and relates to learners.
Philosophies of Education Teaching Behavior (State what the teacher said,
taught, or did)
1. Essentialism- teach mastery of the basics; In what way was teacher essentialist?
curriculum is prescribed; subject matter-centered e. g. He/she saw to it that the students mastered
there are universal, objective values; inculcate basic concepts and skills.
values in subject matter He/she inculcated values.
2. Perennialism- teach those that last, the classics;
there are universal values; inculcate these universal,
objective values
3. Progressivism- very child-centered; teach those
that interest the child; one learns by experience;
 Republic of the Philippines
State University of Northern Negros
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

learners learn by doing so teacher teacher’s

teaching is experiential; values are subjective; no
inculcation of values since they are subjective;
instead, teachers help students clarify their values
4. Reconstructionism- school is agent of change;
schooling is preparing students for the social
changes; teaching is involving the students in the
discussions of moral dilemmas.
5. Existentialism- teachers teach learners to make a
choice, to make a decision and not merely follow
the crowd; one who does not make a choice and so
simply follow others do not live meaningful life
6. Pragmatism- that which is useful, that which is
practical and that which works is what is good; that
which is efficient and effective is that which is
good. e. g. showing a video clip on mitosis is more
efficient and more effective and therefore more
practical than teacher coming up with a visual aid
by drawing mitosis on a cartolina or illustration
board.
7. Rationalism- emphasizes the development of the
learners’ reasoning powers; knowledge comes
through reason; teacher must develop the reasoning
power of the learner
8. Utilitarianism- what is good is that which is most
useful (that which brings happiness) to the greatest
number of peoples;
9. Empiricism- source of knowledge is through
senses; teacher must involve the senses in teaching-
learning
10. Behaviorism- behavior is shaped deliberately by
forces in the environment ang that the type of
person and actions desired can be the product of
design; behavior is determined by others, rather
than the person’s own free will; teacher must
carefully shaped desirable behavior; drills are
commonly used to enhanced learning; rewards
reinforce learning.
11. Constructivism- learners are capable of
constructing knowledge and meaning; teaching-
learning therefore is constructing knowledge and
meaning; teacher does not just “tell” or dictate but
asks learners for knowledge they construct and
meaning of lesson
12. Other Philosophies
 Republic of the Philippines
State University of Northern Negros
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

Analyze
1. Based on your findings and observation in Activity 16.1 and Activity 16.2, which philosophies of
education are dominant in Philippine basic schools? Why do you say so?

2. If there is one of philosophy that schools and teachers should give more attention to, what should that be
and why?

Reflect
What is your philosophy of teaching? This describes what you believed you should teach, how you should
teach and how you should relate to others in school-with the learners, your colleagues, your superiors and all
other stakeholders. Write them down. This is your title, “My Philosophy of Teaching.”

My Philosophy of Teaching
These may be of help:
I believe that the learner……………………… (concept of the learner)
I believe that I should teach the learners……… (what)
By…………. (how)
I believe that I ……… (how should you relate to learners, colleagues, superior, parents and other
stakeholders)

SHOW Your Learning Artifacts

Accomplished Observation Sheets
My Philosophy of Teaching

EVALUATE Performance Task

Evaluate your work task Field Study 1, Episode 16- On Teacher’s Philosophy of Education
Learning Outcomes: Determine prevailing philosophies of education based on DepEd Vision and Mission
statements, core values and mandate, the K to 12 Curriculum Framework and Guide and RA 10533 • cite
teacher’s teaching behaviors and the philosophies of education on which these behaviors are founded •
articulate my philosophy of teaching
Name of FS Student:_Eunice O. Jocson Date Submitted: November 25, 2024
 Republic of the Philippines
State University of Northern Negros
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

Course: Bachelor of Secondary Education Major: Mathematics

Learning Episode Excellent Very satisfactory Satisfactory Needs

4 3 2 Improvements
1
Accomplished All observation One (1) to two (2) Three (3) Four (4)
Observation questions/ task observation observation observation
Sheet completely questions/ tasks questions/ tasks questions/ tasks
answered/ not answered/ not answered/ not answered/
accomplished accomplished accomplished accomplished
Analysis All questions were All questions were Questions were Four (4) or more
answered answered not answered questions were not
completely; completely; completely; answered
answers are with answers are clear answers are not completely;
depth and and connected to connected to answers are not
thoroughly theories; grammar theories; one (1) connected to
grounded on and spelling are to (3) three theories; more
theories; grammar free from error. grammar and than four (4)
and spelling are spelling error. grammar and
free from error. spelling error
Reflection Profound and Clear but lacks Not so clear and Unclear and
clear; supported depth; supported shallow; shallow; rarely
by what were by what were somewhat supported by what
observed and observed and supported by what were observed and
analyzed. analyzed. were observed and analyzed.
analyzed.
Learning Portfolio is Portfolio is Portfolio is not Portfolio is not
Artifacts reflected on in the reflected on in the reflected on in the reflected on in the
context of the context of the context of the context of the
learning learning learning learning
outcomes; outcomes; outcomes; outcomes; not
complete, well- complete, well- complete, not complete, not
organized, highly organized, very organized, organized, not
relevant to the relevant to the relevant to the relevant.
learning outcome learning outcome learning outcome
Submission Submitted before Submitted on the Submitted a day Submitted two (2)
the deadline deadline after the deadline days before the
deadline

Comments Overall Rating:

Score

TRANSMUTATION OF SCORE TO GRADE/RATING

Score 20 19-18 17 16 15 14 13-12 11 10 9-8 below
Grade 95 92 90 87 84 81 78 75 72 70 and below
 Republic of the Philippines
State University of Northern Negros
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

JENEZA M. BANASING, LPT, MED ____________________

Signature of FS Teacher over Printed name Date

LINK Theory to Practice

 Republic of the Philippines
State University of Northern Negros
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

1. In its vision and mission statements, DepEd wants to develop learners … “whose values and
competencies enable them to realize their full potential …” On which philosophy of education is this
mission statement anchored?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Empiricism D. Pragmatism
2. Based on the DepEd’s mission statement, “quality basic education means that students learn in a child-
friendly, gender-sensitive, safe, and motivation environment”. This implies that DepEd believes that
environment affects learning. Which philosophy of education is this?
A. Utilitarianism C. Essentialism
B. Empiricism D. Behaviorism
3. Field Study 1 which is primarily observation of classes and teachers, is based on which philosophy of
education?
A. Utilitarianism C. Essentialism
B. Empiricism D. Behaviorism
4. The inclusion of logic and critical thinking as subjects in the curriculum is an offshoot of which
philosophy?
A. Rationalism C. Existentialism
B. Utilitarianism D. Progressivism
5. It’s Valentines Day. The lesson is a part of human digestive system – the stomach. Students bargain with
teacher and so ask if they can discuss the heart in place of the stomach. Teacher responds “Let’s talk about
the stomach which is the lesson for today then go to the heart when we are done with stomach. Based on
philosophies of education, which of TRUE of teacher?
A. Is essentialist in the sense that she sticked to the subject matter for the day and progressivist since she
also considered student’s interest
B. Is pragmatic because it was practical to give way to students’ request even if she prepared for the day’s
lesson
C. Is utilitarianism because she considered both lessons useful
D. Is empiricist, she used visual aids for her lesson
6. What do the DepEd vision and mission statements and core values imply about Philippine educational
system?
I. It is highly essentialist and perennialist
II. It believes in universal, objective, unchanging values
III. It is reconstructionist
A. I only C. II and III
 Republic of the Philippines
State University of Northern Negros
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
SUNN Main Campus
Brgy. Rizal, Sagay City, Negros Occidental
6122 Philippines

B. I and III D. I, II and III

7. For a lesson on developing classifying skills, instead of making students bring objects to classify, teacher
considers it most practical to simply use the students, body parts like kinds of ear lobes, kind of hair line or a
lesson on classifying. On which philosophy is teacher’s practice anchored?
A. Pragmatism C. Utilitarianism
B. Progressivism D. Empiricism
8. The history of curriculum development in the Philippines shows reduction of units in the humanities but
an increase in the natural and physical sciences. On which thoughts is this action based?
A. Perennialism C. Utilitarianism
B. Progressivism D. Empiricism
9. There are a number of laws in the Philippines requiring the teaching of subject matter such as taxation and
agrarian reforms, etc. This proves that schools must bring about reform in society. On which philosophy of
education is this based?
A. Perennialism C. Empiricism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructionism
10. Teacher makes use of moral dilemmas to enable students to make a stand in moral issues. Which word
CORRECTLY applies to teacher’s teaching practice?
A. Behaviorist C. Rationalist
B. Existentialist D. Pragmatist