11

PRE-CALCULUS
Guided Learning Activity Kit
TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS
Quarter 2- Week 8 - 9

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Pre-Calculus – Grade 11
Guided Learning Activity Kit
Trigonometric Equations
Quarter 2- Week 3

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 TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS

Introduction

In this lesson, we mostly study conditional trigonometric equations.

Though not explicitly, we have started it in the preceding lesson. For example,
1 1 𝜋
the equation sin x = has the unique solution x = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 = in the closed
2 2 6
−𝜋 𝜋
interval [ , ]. However, if we consider the entire domain (not the restricted
2 2
domain) of the sine function, which is et ℝ of real numbers, there are
𝜋 1
solutions (other than 6 ) of the equation sin x = 2. This current lesson explores
the techniques of solving (conditional) trigonometric equations.

This Guided Learning Activity Kit explores the techniques of solving

(conditional) trigonometric equations.

Learning Competency

a. Illustrates the domain and range of the inverse trigonometric functions;

STEM_PCIIT-11h-1

b. Evaluates an inverse trigonometric expression; STEM_PCIIT-11h-2

c. Solves trigonometric equations; STEM_PCIIT-11h-i-1 and

d. Solves situational problems involving inverse trigonometric functions

and trigonometric equations. STEM_PCIIT-11h-i-2

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 Objectives

At the end of this guided learning activity kit, you are expected to:

1. illustrate the domain and range of the inverse trigonometric functions

2. evaluate an inverse trigonometric expression.
3. solve trigonometric equations
4. solve situational problems involving inverse trigonometric functions
and trigonometric equations.
5. appreciate worded problems involving circular functions

Review

Recall the six inverse trigonometric functions. You need to remember

the range of each inverse trigonometric functions.

Function Domain Range

sin−1 𝑥 [−1, 1] 𝜋 𝜋
[− , ]
2 2
cos −1 𝑥 [−1, 1] [0, 𝜋]
𝜋 𝜋
tan−1 𝑥 ℝ (− , )
2 2
cot −1 𝑥 ℝ (0, 𝜋 )
sec −1 𝑥 {𝑥: |𝑥 | ≥ 1} 𝜋 3𝜋
[0, ) ∪ [𝜋, )
2 2
𝜋 𝜋
csc −1 𝑥 {𝑥: |𝑥 | ≥ 1} ( -𝜋, − 2 ] ∪ (0, 2 ]

Discussion

Solutions of a Trigonometric Equation

Any equation that involves trigonometric expressions is called a

trigonometric equation. Recall that a solution or a root of an equation is a
number in the domain of the equation that, when substituted to the variable,

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makes the equation true. The set of all solutions of an equation is called the
solution set of the equation.

Technically, the basic method to show that a particular number is a

solution of an equation is to substitute the number to the variable and see if
the equation becomes true. However, we may use our knowledge gained from
the previous lessons to a quicker verification process by not doing the manual
substitution and checking. We use this technique in the example.

Examples:
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋
Which numbers in the set {0, 6 , , , , , , , 𝜋, 2𝜋} are solution to the
4 3 2 3 4 6
following equations?
1
(1) Sin x = 2
(7)𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 x = cos 2x + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 x
(2) Tan x = 1 (8) sin x + cos 2x = 0
(3) 3 sec x = -2 √3 (9) 2 sin x + tan x – 2 cox x = 2
(4) √3 |cot 𝑥 |=1 (10) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 x + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 x = 2
(5) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 – 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 x = 1 (11) sin 2x = sin x
(6) sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 (12) 2 tan x + 4 sin x = 2 + sec x
Solution: Note that the choices (except 2𝜋) are numbers within the interval
[0, 𝜋]. To quickly determine which numbers among the choices are solutions
to a particular equation, we use some distinctive properties of the possible
solutions.
𝜋
(1) The sine function is positive on (0,𝜋). From lesson 3.2, we recall that
6
is an obvious solution. We may imagine the graph of y = sin x. We
may also use the idea of reference angle. Thus, among the choices,
𝜋 5𝜋 1
only and are the only solution of sin x = 2.
6 6

(2) Since tan x = 1 > 0, any solution of the equation among the choices,
𝜋
the only solution to tan x = 1 is 4 .
2√3
(3) Here, the given equation is equivalent to sec x = - . Among the
3
5𝜋
choices, the only solution of the equation 2 sec = - 2√3 is .
6
(4) Eliminating the absolute value sign, the given equation is equivalent
√3 √3
to cot x = or cot x = - . Among the choice, the only solution of cot
3 3

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 √3 𝜋 2𝜋
x= is 3 , while the other equation has . Thus, the only solutions of
3 3
𝜋 2𝜋
√3 |cot 𝑥 | = 1 from the given set are 3
and 3
.
(5) The given equation is one of the Pythagorean Identities. It means that
all numbers in the domain of the equation are solutions. The domain
𝜋
of the equation is ℝ / {𝑥 ∶ 𝑐𝑜𝑥 𝑥 = 0}. Thus, all except 2 are solutions of
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 x - 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 x = 1.
(6) For the sum of sin x and cos x to be 0, they must have equal absolute
3𝜋
values but different signs. Among the choices, only 4 satisfies these
properties, and it is the only solution of sin x + cos x = 0.
(7) This equations is one of the Double-Angle Identities for cosine. This
means that all numbers in the domain of the equation are its
solutions. Because the domain of the given equation is ℝ, all numbers
in the given set are solutions of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 x = cos 2x + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 x.
(8) We substitute each number in the choices to the expression on the
left-side of the equation, and select those numbers that give resulting
values equal to 1.
x = 0: sin 0 + cos 2(0) = 0 + 1 = 1
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 1 1
x = 6 : sin + cos 2( 6 ) = + =1
6 2 2

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 √2 √2
x = : sin + cos 2( ) = +0=
4 4 4 2 2

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 √3 1 √3− 1
x = 3 : sin 3
+ cos 2 ( 3 ) = 2
- 2
= 2

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
x = : sin + cos 2( ) = 1 -1 = 0
2 2 2

2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋 √3 1 √3− 1
x= : sin + cos 2 ( 3 ) = - =
3 3 2 2 2

3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋 √2 √2
x= : sin + cos 2 ( 4 ) = +0=
4 4 2 2

5𝜋 5𝜋 5𝜋 1 1
x= : sin + cos 2( 6 ) = + =1
6 6 2 2

x = 𝜋: sin 𝜋 + cos 2𝜋 = 0 + 1 = 1

x = 2𝜋: sin 2𝜋 + cos 2(2𝜋) = 0 + 1 = 1

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From these values, the only solution of sin x + cos 2x = 0 among the
𝜋
choices is 2 .

(9) We again substitute the numbers in the given set one by one, and see
which resulting values are equal to 1.
x = 0: 2 sin 0 + tan 0 – 2 cos 0 = -2

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 3−2 √3
x= = 2 sin + tan – 2 cos =
6 6 6 6 3

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
x= = 2 sin + tan – 2 cos =1
4 4 4 4

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
x= = 2 sin + tan – 2 cos = 2√3 – 1
3 3 3 3

𝜋 𝜋
x = 2 : Since tan 2
is undefined, this value of x cannot be a solution of the
equation.
2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋
x= : 2 sin 3 + tan – 2 cos =1
3 3 3

3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
x= : 2 sin 4 + tan – 2 cos = 2√2 – 1
4 4 4

5𝜋 5𝜋 5𝜋 5𝜋 3+2√3
x= : 2 sin + tan – 2 cos =
6 6 6 6 3

x = 𝜋: 2 sin 𝜋 + tan 𝜋 – 2 cos 𝜋 = 2

x = 2𝜋: 2 sin 2𝜋 + tan 2𝜋 – 2 cos 2𝜋 = -2

Thus, the only solution of 2 sin x + tan x – 2 cos x = 2 from the given set
is 𝜋.

(10) This equation has no solution because one of the Pythagorean

Identities says 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 x + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 x = 1.
(11) We substitute each number in the given set to the expression
of each side of the equation, and see which resulting values are equal.
x = 0: sin 2(0) = 0; sin 0 = 0

𝜋 𝜋 √3 𝜋 1
x = 6 : sin 2( 6 ) = 2
; sin 6
= 2

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 √2
x = : sin 2( ) = 1; sin =
4 4 4 2

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 𝜋 𝜋 √3 𝜋 √3
x = 3 : sin 2( 3 ) = ; sin =
2 3 2

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
x = 2 : sin 2( 2 ) = 0; sin =1
2

3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋 √2
x= : sin 2( 4 ) = -1; sin =
4 4 2

5𝜋 5𝜋 √3 𝜋 1
x= : sin 2( 6 ) = - 2 ; sin =
6 3 2

x = 𝜋: sin 2𝜋 = 0; sin𝜋 = 0

x = 2𝜋: sin 2(2𝜋) = 0; sin2𝜋 = 0

Thus, among the numbers in the given set, the solutions of sin 2x = sin x
𝜋
are 0, , 𝜋, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝜋 .
3

(12) We employ the same technique used in the previous item.

x = 0: 2 tan 0 + 4 sin 0 = 0
2 + sec 0 = 3
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 2√3+ 6
x = 6 : 2 tan + 4 sin =
6 6 3
𝜋 2√3+ 6
2 + sec =
6 3

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
x = 4 : 2 tan 4
+ 4 sin 4
= 2√2 + 2

𝜋
2 + sec =√2 + 2
4

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
x = : 2 tan + 4 sin = 4√3
3 3 3

𝜋
2 + sec =4
3
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
x = 2 : Both tan and sec are undefined.
2 2

2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋
x= : 2 tan + 4 sin =0
3 3 3
2𝜋
2 + sec =0
3

3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
x= : 2 tan + 4 sin = 2√2 - 2
4 4 4

3𝜋
2 + sec = 2 - √2
4

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 5𝜋 5𝜋 5𝜋 6−2 √3
x= : 2 tan + 4 sin =
6 6 6 3

5𝜋 6−2 √3
2 + sec =
6 3
x = 𝜋: 2 tan 𝜋 + 4 sin 𝜋 = 0
2 + sec 𝜋 = 1

x = 2𝜋: 2 tan 2𝜋 + 4 sin 2𝜋 = 0

2 + sec 2𝜋 = 3
After checking the equal values, the solutions of 2 tan x + 4 sin x = 2
𝜋 2𝜋 5𝜋
+ sec x among the given choices are 6 , , and .
3 6

Equations with One Term

From the preceding discussion, you may observe that there may be
more solutions of a given equations outside the given set. We now find
all solutions of a given equation.

We will start with a group of equations having straightforward

techniques in finding their solutions. These simple techniques involve
at least one of the following ideas:

1. Equivalent equations (that is, equations that have the same

solutions as the original equation);
2. Periodicity of the trigonometric function involved;
3. Inverse trigonometric function;
4. Values of the trigonometric function involved on the interval [0, 𝜋] or
[0, 2𝜋] (depending on the periodicity of the function); and
5. Zero-Factor Law: ab = 0 if and only if a = 0 or b = 0
To solve an equation means to find all solutions of the equation. Here, unless
stated as angles measured in degrees, we mean solutions of the equation that
are real numbers (or equivalently, angles measured in radians).

Examples:

1. Solve the equation 2 cos x – 1 = 0

2. Solve: ( 1 + cos 𝜃) (tan 𝜃 – 1) = 0
3. Find all values of x in the interval [−2𝜋, 2𝜋] that satisfy the equation
(sin x -1) (sin x + 1) = 0.
4. Solve: 3 tan 𝜃 + 5 = 0

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Solutions:
1
1. The given equation is equivalent to cos x = 2.

On the interval [0, 2𝜋], there are only two solutions of the last equation,
𝜋 5𝜋
and these are x = (this is in QI) and x = (in QIV).
3 3

Because the period of cosine function is 2𝜋, the complete solutions of the
𝜋 5𝜋
equations are x = + k (2𝜋) and x = + k (2𝜋) for all integers k.
3 3

𝜋
In the preceding example, by saying that the complete solutions are x = 3
5𝜋
+ k (2𝜋) and x = + k (2𝜋) for all integers k, we mean that any integral
3
value of k will produce a solution to the given equation. For example, when
𝜋 19𝜋 5𝜋
k = 3, x = + 3(2𝜋) = is a solution of the equation. When k = -2, x = +-
3 3 3
7𝜋
2 (2𝜋) = - 3 is another solution of 2 cos x – 1 = 0. The family of solutions x =
𝜋 19𝜋
+ k (2𝜋) can be equivalently enumerated as x = + 2k𝜋, while the family
3 3
5𝜋 7𝜋
x= + k(2𝜋) can also be stated as x = - 3 + 2k𝜋.
3

2. By the Zero-Factor Law, the given equation is equivalent to

1 + cos 𝜃 = 0 or tan 𝜃 – 1 = 0

Cos 𝜃 = -1 tan 𝜃 = 1
𝜋
𝜃 = 𝜋 + 2𝑘𝜋, 𝑘 ∈ ℤ 𝜃 = 4 + k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
𝜋
Therefore, the solutions of the equation are 𝜃 = 𝜋 + 2𝑘𝜋 and 𝜃 = +
4
k𝜋 for all k ∈ ℤ

3. Find all values of x in the interval [−2𝜋, 2𝜋] that satisfy the equation
(sin x -1) (sin x + 1) = 0.

Solution.

Sin x -1 = 0 or sin x + 1 = 0

Sin x = 1 sin x = -1
𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋
x= or - x= or -
2 2 2 2

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 𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋
Solutions: 2 , - , , -2
2 2

4. Solve: 3 tan 𝜃 + 5 = 0

Solution.
5
3 tan 𝜃 + 5 = 0 tan 𝜃 =- 3

We expect only one solution in any one-period interval.

5 5
tan 𝜃 =- 𝜃 = tan−1 − + k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
3 3

Equations with Two or More Terms

Consider a group of equations having multi-step techniques of finding

their solutions. Coupled with the straightforward techniques we learned in
the preceding discussion, these more advanced techniques involve factoring
of expressions and trigonometric identities. The primary goal is to reduce a
given equation into equivalent one-term equations.

Tips in Solving Trigonometric Equations

1. If the equation contains only one trigonometric term, isolate that

term, and solve for the variable.
2. If the equation is quadratic in form, we may use factoring, finding
square roots, or the quadratic formula.
3. Rewrite the equation to have 0 on one side, and then factor (if
appropriate) the expression on the other side.
4. If the equation contains more than one trigonometric function, try
to express everything in terms of one trigonometric function. Here,
identities are useful.
5. If half or multiple angles are present, express them in terms of a
trigonometric expression of a single angle, except when all angles
involved have the same multiplicity wherein, in this case, retain
the angle. Half-angle and double-angle identities are useful in
simplification.

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Examples:

1. Solve: 2 cos x tan x = 2 cos x

2. Solve for x ∈ [0, 2𝜋): sin 2𝑥 = sin 𝑥.
3. Solve for x ∈ [0, 2𝜋): 2 cos2 x = 1 + sin x
4. Solve for x ∈ [0, 2𝜋) in the equation 3 cos2 x + 2 sin x = 2
5. A weight is suspended from a spring and vibrating vertically according
to the equation

𝟒 𝟓
f(t) = 20 cos (𝟓 𝝅 (t - 𝟔))
where f(t) centimeters is the directed distance of the weight from its
central position at t seconds, and the positive distance means above its
central positions.
a. At what time is the displacement of the weight 5 cm below its central
position for the first time?
b. For what values of t does the weight reach its farthest point below
its central position?

Solutions:

1. 2 cos x tan x = 2 cos x

2 cos x tan x – 2 cos x = 0
(2 cos x) (tan x – 1) = 0

2 cos x = 0 or tan x -1 = 0
Cos x = 0 tan x = 1
𝜋 𝜋
x = + 2k𝜋 or x = + k𝜋,
2 4
3𝜋
x= + 2k𝜋, k∈ℤ
2
k∈ℤ

𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋
solutions: + + 2k𝜋, + 2k𝜋, 4 + k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
2 2

2. sin 2x = sin x
sin 2x – sin x = 0
2 sin x cos x – sin x = 0 sine Double-Angle Identity
(sin x) (2cos x -1) = 0

sin x = 0 or 2 cos x -1 = 0
1
x = 0 or x = 𝜋 cos x = 2
𝜋 5𝜋
x= 3
or x = 3
𝜋 5𝜋
solutions: 0, 𝜋, ,
3 3

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 3. 2 cos2 x = 1 + sin x
2(1 – sin2 x) = 1 + sin x Pythagorean Identity
2sin2 x + sin x – 1 = 0
(2sin x – 1) (sin x + 1) = 0 Factoring

2 sin x – 1= 0 or sin x + 1 =0
1
sin x = 2 sin x = -1
𝜋 5𝜋 3𝜋
x= or x = x=
6 6 2

𝜋 5𝜋 3𝜋
solutions: , ,
6 6 2

4. 3 cos2 x + 2 sin x = 2
3(1 – sin2 x) + 2 sin x = 2 Pythagorean Identity
(3 sin x + 1)(sin x – 1) = 0 Factoring
3 sin x + 1 = 0 or sin x – 1 = 0
1
sin x = - sin x = 1
3
−1 1 𝜋
x= 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (-3) + 2𝜋 x= 2
or
1
x = 𝜋 - 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (-3)

1 1 𝜋
solutions: 2𝜋 - 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (-3) , 𝜋 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (3), 2

5. A. We find the least positive value of t such that f(t) = -5

4 5
20 cos ( 𝜋 (t - )) = -5
5 6
4 5 1
cos (5 𝜋 (t - 6)) = - 4
There are two families of solutions for this equation.

4 5 1
𝜋(𝑡 − 6) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (- 4) + 2k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
5

1
5 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1(− )+ 2𝑘𝜋
t= + 4
4
6 𝜋
5
In this family of solutions, the least positive value of t happens when k
= 0, and this is
1
5 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1(− )+ 2(0)𝜋
t= + 4
4
≈ 1.5589
6 𝜋
5
4 5 1
𝜋(𝑡 − ) = 2𝜋 - 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (- ) + 2k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
5 6 4
1
5 2𝜋−𝑐𝑜𝑠−1 (− )+2k𝜋
t= + 4
4
6 𝜋
5

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 Here, the least positive value of t happens when k = -1, and this is
1
5 2𝜋−𝑐𝑜𝑠−1 (− )+2(−1)𝜋
t= + 4
4
≈ 0.1078
6 𝜋
5

Therefore, the first time that the displacement of the weight is 5 cm

below its central position is at about 0.1078 seconds.

B. The minimum value of f(t) happens when and only when the minimum
4 5 4 5
value of cos 5 𝜋 (t - 6 ) is reached. The minimum value of cos 5 𝜋 (t - 6 ) is -
1, which implies that the farthest point the weight can reach below its
central position is 20 cm. Thus, we need to solve for all values of t such
4 5
that cos 5 𝜋 (t - 6 ) = -1

4 5
cos 5 𝜋 (t - ) = -1
6
4 5
𝜋 (t - ) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (-1) + 2k𝜋, k ≥ 0
5 6
4 5
𝜋 (t - ) = 𝜋 + 2k𝜋
5 6
5 𝜋+2𝑘𝜋 25 5
t= + 4 = + 2k
6 𝜋 12
5
Therefore, the weight reaches its farthest point (which is 20 cm) below its
25 5
central position at t = 12 + 2k for every integer k ≥ 0.

Activities

Guided Practice 1

Directions: Answer the following questions. Write your answers on your

paper.

A. In each equation, list down its solutions from the set.

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋 3𝜋
{− , − , , , , 𝜋, }.
3 4 6 4 3 2
1. √3 sec 𝜃 = 2
2. (sin 𝑥) (tan 𝑥 + 1 ) = 0
3. 2 + cos 𝜃 = 1 + 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
4. Cos 𝜃 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 3 cos 𝜃

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 B. Solve each equation.
1. tan x = -1
1
2. sin x = 2
3. (cos x – 1) (tan x + 1) = 0

C. Find all values of the variable in the interval [−2𝜋, 2𝜋] that satisfy the
given equation.
1. (sin 𝜃 + 1) ( tan 𝜃) = 0
2. sec 𝜃 + 2 = 0

Guided Practice 2

Directions: Answer the following questions below. Write your answers on

your paper.

A. Solve each equation.

1. 2 sin2 𝜃 = sin 𝜃 + 1
2. tan2 x + tan x = 6
3. sin x = 1 + cos x
4. 2 sin x + 1 = 0
5. sin x tan x = 0
6. tan x + 1 = 0
7. cos 3x = 0
8. tan 4x – 1 = 0
9. sec2 x – 1 = 0
10. cos 2x + 3 = 5 cos x

B. Find the solutions in the interval [0, 2𝜋).

1. 4 sin2 x – 1 = 0
2. 2 cos2 x + 3 cos x – 2 = 0
3. tan x – cot x = 0
4. 2 sin 2x = √3
5. sec2 – 4 = 0
6. 2 sin2 x – 5 sin x = 3
7. tan x + sec x = 0
8. 2 sin 2x = 3 sin x
9. tan2 x = 1 + sec x
10. tan x + √3 = sec x

13 | P a g e
Independent Practice

Directions: Answer the following questions below. Write your answers on

your paper.

A. Find the solutions in the interval [0°, 180°).

1. sin x – cos x = 0
2. cot 4x – 1 = 0

B. Solve the following problems.

1. A weight is suspended from a spring and vibrating vertically
according to the equation
F(t) = 25.2 sin (3.8t – 2.1),
Where f(t) centimeters is the directed distance of the weight from its
central position at t seconds, and the positive distance means above its
central position.
a. Find the times when the weight is at its central position.
b. For what values of t does the weight reach its farthest point below
its central position?
2. The finance department of a car company conducted a study of their
weekly sales in the past years, and came out with the following
approximating function:

s(t) = 12.18 cos (0.88t – 7.25) + 20.40, t ≥ 0,

where s(t) represents weekly car sales in million pesos at week t (t=0
represents the start of the study).

a. Find the weekly sales at the start of the study.

b. Find the projected maximum and minimum weekly sales of the
company.
c. If the company were able to reach its maximum sales this week,
when will the next projected maximum weekly sales and
upcoming projected minimum weekly sales be?
d. After the start of the study, when did the company experience a
weekly sales of only 10 million for the first time?
3. After many years in business, the financial analyst of a shoe
company projected that the monthly costs of producing their
products and monthly revenues from the sales of their products are
fluctuating according to the following formulas:

C(t) = 2.6 + 0.58 sin (0.52t – 7.25)

And
R(t) = 2.6 + 1.82 cos (0.52t – 7.25)

14 | P a g e
 Where C(t) and R(t) are those costs and revenues in million of pesos
At month t (t = 0 represents January 2010). About how many months after
January 2010 did the company experience a zero profit for the first time?

Assessment

Directions: Answer the following questions below. Write your answers on

your paper.

A. Determine whether the given x –value is a solution of the given

equation.

√2 𝜋
1. sin x = 2 ; x = 4

√3 𝜋
2. sin x = ; x=
2 3

√2 𝜋
3. cos x = ; x=
2 6

1 2𝜋
4. cos x = - 2; x = 3

√3 𝜋
5. cos x = ; x=
2 4

6. tan x = 0; x = 𝜋

11𝜋
7. csc x = -2; x = 6

𝜋
8. cot x = -1; x =- 4

𝜋
9. sin 2x = cos x; x = 3

√3 5𝜋
10. tan 2x = ; x=
3 12

15 | P a g e
 B. Solve each equation in the interval [0, 2𝜋].

1. 2 sin2 x – sin x – 1 = 0

2. cos2 x + 2 cos x -3 = 0

3. 2 sin2 x – sin x = 3

4. 2 sin2 x – 4 4 sin x = 6

5. cos2 x – 1 = 0

Reflection

Directions: Perform the guide questions in this portion. Some of the activities
lead you to reflect and to deepen your understanding on the lesson. Write
your answers on your paper.

Guide Questions:

1. How do you solve real world applications involving trigonometric

equations?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. How do you find the solution set of trigonometric equations?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. What is the difference between verifying a trigonometric identity and

solving a trigonometric equation?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

16 | P a g e
 References

Ascano, J.P., Olofernes, A.D., Martin Jr., J.L., and Tolentino, M.C. (2016).
Pre-Calculus Learner’s Material. Department of Education -Bureau of
Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR). Sunshine Interlinks Publishing
House, Inc.3F Maine City Tower, 236 Tomas Morato Avenue, Brgy.
South Triangle, Quezon City

Bacani, J., Estrada, G., Vidallo, M., Eden, R., and Francisco, F. (2016).
Precalculus. Department of Education.

Concepcion, M.A., Mutuc, S.B., Sacluti, J.R.,De Las Peñas, M.N. and Limjap,
A.A. (2007). Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics Fourth Year
High School Phoenix Publishing House, INC. 927 Quezon Ave., Quezon
City

Landicho, E.D.C. (2001).MSA Trigonometry. MSA Publishing House. 341

Katipunan Avenue, Loyola Heights, Quezon City, Philippines.

Oronce, O.A., Mendoza, M.O. (2007). E-math Advanced Algebra and

Trigonometry.Rex Printing Company, Inc. 84-86 P. Florentino St.,Sta.
Mesa Heights, Quezon City

Webliography

Tutoring and Learning Centre, George Brown College 2014. Retrieved from:
www.georgebrown.ca/tlc

17 | P a g e
 18 | P a g e
Guided Practice 1
A.
𝜋
Independent Practice 1.
6
A. 𝜋
2. - ,𝜋
1. 450 4
𝜋
2. 11.250, 56.250, 101.250, 146.250 3. - ,𝜋
3
B. 2𝜋 3𝜋
4. ,
3 2
1. a. t ≈ 0.55 + 0.83k
B.
b. t ≈ 1.79 + 1.65k 𝜋
2. a. 27.32 million pesos 1. - + k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
4
b. maximum: 32.58 million pesos 𝜋 5𝜋
2. + 2k𝜋, +2k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
minimum: 8.22 million p pesos 6 6
c. maximum: 7 weeks 3. 2k𝜋, . - 𝜋4 + k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
minimum: 3.5 weeks C.
d. t = 11.19 + 7.14(-1) ≈ 4.05 𝜋 3𝜋
3. 16.37 + 6.04(-2) ≈ 4.29 or 4 months after 1. - , 2 , 0, 𝜋, 2𝜋, -𝜋, -2𝜋
2
January 2010 2𝜋 4𝜋 4𝜋 2𝜋
2. ,- , ,-
3 3 3 3
Assessment
A.
1. Solution
2. Solution Guided Practice 2
3. Not a solution A.
4. Solution 7𝜋 11𝜋 𝜋
1. + 2k𝜋, +2k𝜋, + 2k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
5. Not a solution 6 6 2
6. Solution 2. 𝑡𝑎𝑛-1 (-3) + k𝜋, tan-1 2 + k𝜋, k∈ℤ
7. Solution 𝜋
3. + 2k𝜋, 𝜋 + 2k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
8. Solution 2
𝜋 7𝜋
9. Not a solution 4. − + 2k𝜋, + 2k𝜋, k∈ℤ
6 6
10. Not a solution 5. k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
B. 3𝜋
𝜋 7𝜋 11𝜋 6. + k𝜋, k ∈ ℤ
1. x = , or 4
2 6 6 1𝜋
2. x = 0 or 2𝜋 7. + (2k-1), k ∈ ℤ
6
3𝜋 1𝜋
3. x = 8. + (4k+1),
k∈ℤ
2 16
3𝜋
4. x = 9. k𝜋, k∈ℤ
2
5. . x = 0, 𝜋 or 2𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
10. − + 2k𝜋, + 2k𝜋, k∈ℤ
2 3
B.
𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋 11𝜋
1. , , ,
6 6 6 6
𝜋 5𝜋
2. , ,
3 3
𝜋 5𝜋
3. , ,
4 4
𝜋 𝜋 7𝜋 4𝜋
4. , , ,
6 3 6 3
𝜋 2𝜋 4𝜋 5𝜋
5. ,. , ,
3 3 3 3
7𝜋 11𝜋
6. , ,
6 6
3𝜋
7.
2
3 3
8. 0, 𝜋, cos-1 , 2𝜋 – cos-1
4 4
𝜋 5𝜋
9. 0, ,
3 3
11𝜋
10.
Key to Corrections
 Acknowledgment

The Schools Division of Zambales would like to express its heartfelt gratitude
to the following, who in one way or the other, have contributed to the successful
preparation, development, quality assurance, printing, and distribution of the
Quarter 2 Guided Learning Activity Kits (GLAKs) in all learning areas across grade
levels as a response to providing the learners with developmentally-appropriate,
contextualized and simplified learning resources with most essential learning
competencies (MELCs)-based activities anchored on the principles of guided learning
and explicit instruction:

First, the Learning Resources (LR) Development Team composed of the writers
and graphic artists for devoting much of their time and exhausting their best efforts
to produce these indispensable learning kits used for the implementation of learning
delivery modalities.

Second, the content editors, language reviewers, and layout evaluators

making up the Division Quality Assurance Team (DQAT) for having carefully
evaluated all GLAKs to ensure quality and compliance to DepEd standards;

Third, the Provincial Government of Zambales, for unceasingly extending its

financial assistance to augment the funds for the printing of these learning resources
for use by learners and parents at home;

Fourth, the teacher-advisers and subject teachers, in close coordination with

the school heads, for their weekly distribution and retrieval of the GLAKs and for
their frequent monitoring of the learners’ progress through various means; and

Finally, the parents and other home learning facilitators for giving the learners
the needed guidance and support for them to possibly accomplish the tasks and for
gradually helping them become independent learners.

To deliver learning continuity in this challenging circumstance would not be

possible without your collective effort and strong commitment to serving our
Zambaleño learners.

Again, our sincerest thanks!

The Management Team

 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL TRACKS

ACADEMIC TRACK

TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL-
LIVELIHOOD (TVL) TRACK

SPORTS TRACK

ARTS AND DESIGN TRACK

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division of Zambales

Zone 6, Iba, Zambales
Tel./Fax No.: (047) 602 1391
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Website: www.depedzambales.ph