12 Introduction to Coordinates

12 Introduction to Activity

Coordinates Activity 12.1 (p. 12.5)

1.

Quick Review

Review Exercise 12 (p. 12.4)

1. A: +2
B: –3
 1
C: +4.5  or +4 
 2
 1
D: −1.5  or −1 
 2
2. (a) Amy: column 5, row 2
2. Harry: column 5, row 4

(b) Amy: (5, 2), Harry: (5, 4)

3. II

Activity 12.2 (p. 12.17)

1. (a) Distance between A and B = 7 units
Distance between C and D = 2 units

(b) A and B C and D

(i) Yes Yes
(ii) Difference Difference
= (3) – (–4) = –2 – (–4)
1 =7 =2
3. Area of the figure =  4  3 m2
2 (iii) Yes Yes
= 6 m2
2. (a) Distance between T and U = 5 units
Distance between V and W = 3 units
4. Area of the figure = (7  3 + 7  4) cm 2
= 49 cm 2 (b) T and U V and W
(i) Yes Yes
(ii) Difference Difference
 1  = (3) – (–2) = –1 – (–4)
5. Area of the figure =  6  6 +  6  2  cm2
 2  =5 =3
(iii) Yes Yes
= 42 cm2
Activity 12.3 (p. 12.45)
1 1  1. Type of transformation Coordinates of the image
6. Area of the figure =   (3 + 5)  4 −  5  2  cm 2
2 2  (a) Rotate A anti-clockwise
A(5, 2) → A1(−2, 5)
about O through 90 to A1
= 11 cm 2
(b) Rotate A1 anti-clockwise
A1(−2, 5) → A2(−5, −2)
about O through 90 to A2
 1  (c) Rotate A2 anti-clockwise
7. Area of the figure = 15  9 −  (4 + 7)  6  cm 2 A2(−5, −2) → A3(2, −5)
 2  about O through 90 to A3
= 102 cm 2
2. Coordinates of P1 = (−y, x)

8. Area of the figure 3. ∵ Rotate a point anti-clockwise about O through 180

 1 1  = rotate a point anti-clockwise about O through 90
(6 + 4)  (9 + 6) − 2  6  (9 + 6) − 2  4  9  2 times
=  cm 2
 − 1  (6 + 4)  6  ∴ Coordinates of P2 = (−x, −y)
 2 
4. Coordinates of P3 = (y, −x)
= 57 cm 2

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

Classwork 2.

Classwork (p. 12.6)

1. Class number 3: (1, 3)
Class number 7: (2, 2)
Class number 15: (3, 5)
Class number 20: (4, 5)

2.
3. (a)

(b)

Classwork (p. 12.18) Classwork (p. 12.45)

AB: a horizontal line 1.
BC: a vertical line
CD: a horizontal line
DE: a vertical line

Classwork (p. 12.35)

1.

2.

2.

3.

3. (a)

(b)
Quick Practice

Quick Practice 12.1 (p. 12.9)

(a) The coordinates of P are (–4, 5).
The coordinates of Q are (–2, 2).
The coordinates of R are (–4, –3).
Classwork (p. 12.39) The coordinates of S are (–1, –2).
1. The coordinates of T are (3, –5).
The coordinates of U are (2, 3).

(b) P lies in quadrant II.

Q lies in quadrant II.
R lies in quadrant III.
S lies in quadrant III.
T lies in quadrant IV.
U lies in quadrant I.

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

Quick Practice 12.2 (p. 12.10) Quick Practice 12.7 (p. 12.26)
(a) (i) The coordinates of P = (−3, 0) AB = [2 − (−3)] units = 5 units
BC = [7 − (−3)] units = 10 units
The coordinates of Q = (5, 0)
Area of rectangle ABCD = AB  BC
(ii) y-coordinate of P = y-coordinate of Q = 0 = 5  10 sq. units
= 50 sq. units
(b) (i) The coordinates of R = (0, 2)
The coordinates of S = (0, −4) Quick Practice 12.8 (p. 12.26)

(ii) x-coordinate of R = x-coordinate of S = 0

(5, 4)
Quick Practice 12.3 (p. 12.11)
(a)

With the notations in the figure,

coordinates of G = (5, 4).
DF = [6 − (−1)] units = 7 units
EG = [5 − (−3)] units = 8 units
1
∴ Area of △DEF =  DF  EG
2
1
=  7  8 sq. units
2
= 28 sq. units

(b) The required coordinates = (−2, 0) Quick Practice 12.9 (p. 12.27)

(c) The required coordinates = (0, 4)

Quick Practice 12.4 (p. 12.19)

(a) PQ = [3 − (−4)] units
= (3 + 4) units With the notations in the figure,
= 7 units coordinates of T = (−10, −4).
QR = (5 − 0) units = 5 units
(b) XY = [5 − (−4)] units PT = [5 − (−4)] units = 9 units

= (5 + 4) units ∴ Area of parallelogram PQRS = QR  PT

= 9 units = 5  9 sq. units
= 45 sq. units
Quick Practice 12.5 (p. 12.20)
(a) ∵ AB = 5 units Quick Practice 12.10 (p. 12.29)
∴ 1− a = 5
a = −4

(b) ∵ AB = 9 units
∴ 3−b = 9
b = −6

Quick Practice 12.6 (p. 12.20)

(a) ∵ x-coordinate of C = x-coordinate of B = –5 With the notations in the figure,
and y-coordinate of C = y-coordinate of D = –3 coordinates of F = (1, 7).
∴ Coordinates of C = (−5, −3) AB = [2 − (−1)] units = 3 units
AE = [1 − (−2)] units = 3 units
(b) CD = [3 − (−5)] units = 8 units CE = [2 − (−3)] units = 5 units
BC = [2 − (−3)] units = 5 units DF = (5 − 1) units = 4 units
Perimeter of rectangle ABCD = (8 + 5)  2 units
= 26 units

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

1 (c) The coordinates of P3 = (4 − 2, −3)

Area of △CDE =  CE  DF
2 = (2, −3)
1 The coordinates of P4 = (2, − 3 + 4)
=  5  4 sq. units
2 = (2,1)
= 10 sq. units
1
Area of trapezium ABCE =  ( AB + CE )  AE Quick Practice 12.13 (p. 12.38)
2
(a) The coordinates of P1 = (4 − 4, 6 − 5)
1
=  (3 + 5)  3 sq. units = (0, 1)
2
= 12 sq. units The coordinates of Q1 = (1 − 4, 2 − 5)
∴ Area of pentagon ABCDE = (−3, − 3)
= area of △CDE + area of trapezium ABCE
The coordinates of R1 = (6 − 4, 3 − 5)
= (10 + 12) sq. units
= (2, − 2)
= 22 sq. units

(b)
Quick Practice 12.11 (p. 12.30)

With the notations in the figure,

we have B(2, −4), C(2, 10) and D(−5, 10).
Area of rectangle RBCD = RB  BC
Quick Practice 12.14 (p. 12.40)
= 7  14 sq. units The coordinates of Q = (5, −2)
= 98 sq. units
The coordinates of R = (−5, 2)
1
Area of △DPR =  DP  DR
2
Quick Practice 12.15 (p. 12.43)
1
=  2  14 sq. units (a) The distance between point R and line L1
2 = the distance between point R and line L1
= 14 sq. units = [–1 – (–5)] units
1 = 4 units
Area of △CQP =  CQ  PC
2 The coordinates of R = ( −2, −5 + 2  4)
1 = ( −2, 3)
=  3  5 sq. units
2
= 7.5 sq. units (b) The distance between point S  and line L2
1
Area of △QBR =  RB  QB = the distance between point S and line L2
2 = [1 – (–4)] units
1 = 5 units
=  7  11 sq. units The coordinates of S  = (1 − 2  5, −1)
2
= 38.5 sq. units = ( −9, −1)
∴ Area of △PQR = area of rectangle RBCD − area of △ DPR
− area of △CQP − area of △QBR Quick Practice 12.16 (p. 12.47)
= (98 − 14 − 7.5 − 38.5) sq. units (a) The coordinates of Q = (3, 5)
= 38 sq. units
(b) The coordinates of R = (5, − 3)
Quick Practice 12.12 (p. 12.37)
(a) The coordinates of P1 = (4 + 5, − 3) Quick Practice 12.17 (p. 12.48)
= (9, − 3) (a) The coordinates of A1 = (2, 4)

The coordinates of B1 = (−1, 5)

(b) The coordinates of P2 = (4, − 3 − 1)
= (4, − 4) The coordinates of C1 = (−4, −1)

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

(b) 3. (a) AB = [5 − (−5)] units = 10 units

(b) ∵ BC = 10 units
∴ 4 − c = 10
c = −6

Consolidation Corner (p. 12.30)

1.

Quick Practice 12.18 (p. 12.49)

(a) The coordinates of P1 = (−4, −3)
The coordinates of Q1 = (−2, −3)

(b) The coordinates of P2 = (−4 + 2, −3)

= (−2, −3) D(8, –5)
= the coordinates of Q1 With the notations in the figure,
∴ P2 coincides with Q1. coordinates of D = (8, –5).
(a) Height of △ABC with base AC
Consolidation Corner = BD
= [8 − (−2)] units
Consolidation Corner (p. 12.11) = 10 units
1. (a) A: (2, 1), B: (1, −3), C: (−3, −3), D: (−4, 2)

2. (a) (b) AC = [6 − (−1)] units = 7 units

1
∴ Area of △ ABC =  AC  BD
2
1
=  7  10 sq. units
2
= 35 sq. units

2. (a) ∵ x-coordinate of E = x-coordinate of C = 6

and y-coordinate of E = y-coordinate of A = 9
∴ Coordinates of E = (6, 9)
(b) S lies on the x-axis.
(b) AB = [12 − (−6)] units = 18 units
(c) The required coordinates = (0, −2) DC = [6 − (−3)] units = 9 units
CE = [9 − (−3)] units = 12 units
Consolidation Corner (p. 12.21) 1
∴ Area of the trapezium =  ( AB + DC )  CE
1. (a) AB: a vertical line 2
BC: a horizontal line 1
CD: a vertical line =  (18 + 9) 12 sq. units
2
DE: a horizontal line
EF: a horizontal line = 162 sq. units

(b) AB = [0 − (−3)] units = 3 units 3. y

BC = [6 − (−4)] units = 10 units C(4, 5)
CD = [6 − (−3)] units = 9 units
DE = (2 − (−4)) units = 6 units D (0, 3) B(5, 3)
EF = (6 − 2) units = 4 units F (4, 3)

2. (a) ∵ x-coordinate of B = x-coordinate of A = –2 x

and y-coordinate of B = y-coordinate of C = –4 O A(5, 0)
∴ Coordinates of B = (−2, −4) With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of F = (4, 3).
DB = (5 − 0) units = 5 units
(b) AB = [3 − (−4)] units = 7 units
CF = (5 − 3) units = 2 units
BC = [6 − (−2)] units = 8 units OD = (3 − 0) units = 3 units

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

Area of the figure (b) (i) The distance between point A2 and line L
= area of △ BCD + area of rectangle OABD
= the distance between point A and line L
1
=  DB  CF + DB  OD = (9 − 5) units
2
= 4 units
1 
=   5  2 + 5  3  sq. units The coordinates of A2 = ( −3, 9 − 4  2)
2 
= ( −3, 1)
= (5 + 15) sq. units
= 20 sq. units The distance between point B2 and line L
= the distance between point B and line L
4. = (6 − 5) unit
= 1 unit
The coordinates of B2 = ( −5, 6 − 1  2)
= ( −5, 4)

The distance between point C 2 and line L

= the distance between point C and line L
With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of F = (4, 3). = (7 − 5) units
AE = [4 − (−2)] units = 6 units = 2 units
BC = [4 − (−4)] units = 8 units The coordinates of C2 = (−2, 7 − 2  2)
CE = (7 − 2) units = 5 units = (−2, 3)
DF = (4 − 1) units = 3 units
Area of the figure
= area of trapezium ABCE − area of △CED (a)(ii), (b)(ii)
1 1
=  ( AE + BC )  CE −  CE  DF
2 2
1 1 
=   (6 + 8)  5 −  5  3 sq. units
2 2 
= (35 − 7.5) sq. units
= 27.5 sq. units

Consolidation Corner (p. 12.43)

1. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (−2 − 3, −1)
= (−5, −1)
Consolidation Corner (p. 12.50)
1. The coordinates of Q1 = (3, −5)
(b) The coordinates of A2 = (−2, −1 + 6)
= (−2, 5) 2. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (3, −1)
The coordinates of B1 = (1, − 2)
2. (a) The coordinates of B1 = (3, −4)
The coordinates of C1 = (2, −4)
(b) The distance between point B2 and line L
= the distance between point B and line L (b) The coordinates of A2 = (−1, −3)
= [3 – (–1)] units
= 4 units The coordinates of B2 = (−2, −1)
The coordinates of B2 = (3 − 4  2, 4)
= ( −5, 4) The coordinates of C2 = (−4, − 2)
(a), (b)
3. (a) (i) The coordinates of A1 = ( −3 + 7, 9)
= (4, 9)

The coordinates of B1 = ( −5 + 7, 6)
= (2, 6)

The coordinates of C1 = (−2 + 7, 7)

= (5, 7)

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

7. (a)
3. The coordinates of X1 = (1, 4)
The coordinates of X 2 = (1, − 4)

Exercise

Exercise 12A (p. 12.12)

Level 1
1. (a) The x-coordinate of A is −5.

(b) The x-coordinate of B is 0.

(b) Letter K is formed.
(c) The x-coordinate of C is 4.
8. (a)
(d) The x-coordinate of D is −3.

2. (a) The y-coordinate of E is 6

(b) The y-coordinate of F is 0.

(c) The y-coordinate of G is 3.

(d) The y-coordinate of H is –7.

3. The coordinates of A are (0, 6).

The coordinates of B are (−4, 4).
The coordinates of C are (−2, 4). (b) (i) AB is parallel to the x-axis.
(ii) EF is parallel to the y-axis.
The coordinates of D are (−2, 0).
The coordinates of E are (−4, −2).
9. (a)
The coordinates of F are (2, −2).
The coordinates of G are (1, 0).
The coordinates of H are (1, 4).

4. (a) The coordinates of A are (−2, −4).

The coordinates of B are (4, −2).
The coordinates of C are (2, 3).
The coordinates of D are (−4, 2).

(b) A lies in quadrant III.

B lies in quadrant IV.
C lies in quadrant I.
D lies in quadrant II. (b) (i) A lies on the x-axis.
(ii) F lies on the y-axis.
5. (a) A, B and E have positive x-coordinate. (iii) B lies in quadrant I.
(iv) E lies in quadrant II.
(b) A and F have positive y-coordinate. (v) D lies in quadrant III.
(vi) C lies in quadrant IV.
(c) C and F have negative x-coordinate.
10. (a) Coordinates of A = (1, 0)
(d) C, D and E have negative y-coordinate.
Coordinates of B = (0, 2)
6. (a) (i) C and I lie on the x-axis.
(ii) y-coordinate of C = y-coordinate of I = 0 (b) Coordinates of C = (6, 0)
Coordinates of D = (0, −3)
(b) (i) F and G lie on the y-axis.
(ii) x-coordinate of F = x-coordinate of G = 0

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

11. (a) 16. (a) S and T lie on the x-axis.

(b) Q and U lie on the y-axis.

17. (a) H: (1, 3), O: (4, 5), N: (2, 1), E: (–3, 5), S: (–3, 3),
T: (–1, 5)

(b) THANK YOU

18. (a) A: (0, 2.5), B: (0, 0), C: (2.5, 0), D: (2.5, 2.5)

(b) P: inside, Q: on the sides, R: outside, S: outside

19. (a)
(b) The required coordinates = (0,1)

(c) The required coordinates = (−3, 0)

Level 2
12. The coordinates of A are (1, 1.5).
The coordinates of B are (–1.5, –0.5).
The coordinates of C are (0.5, –1.5).
The coordinates of D are (−2.5, 0.5).

13. (a), (b)(i) (b) The coordinates of P are (−3, 0).

The coordinates of Q are (0, 6).

(c) R lies in quadrant II.

20. (a)

(b) Coordinates of D = (1,1)

(b) (ii) A and C lie on XY.

14. (a) 21. (a)

(b) (i) Q lies on the x-axis. (b) Path I is shorter.

(ii) S lies on the y-axis.
(iii) P lies in quadrant I. 22. (a)
(iv) T lies in quadrant II.
(v) R lies in quadrant III.
(vi) U lies in quadrant IV.

15. (a) A lies in quadrant II.

B lies in quadrant IV.

(b) C lies in quadrant I. (b) (3, −2), (3, 5), (3, 8)

D lies in quadrant III. (or any other reasonable answers)

(c) All the x-coordinates are equal to 3.

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

23. (a) 12. p = x-coordinate of Q = −8

∵ PQ = 13 units
∴ 7 − q = 13
q = −6

(b) ∵ There are two possible sets of coordinates for C Level 2

13. vertical line
and D, which are “C: (3, 6), D: (−1, 6)” and
IJ = [4.5 − (−3.5)] units = 8 units
“C: (3, −2), D: (−1, −2)”.
∴ Cindy’s claim is agreed.
14. horizontal line
Exercise 12B (p. 12.22)  2  3  13
Level 1 CD =  −  −   units = units
 3  2  6
1. (a) AB = [7 − (−2)] units = 9 units
CD = [−1 − (−6)] units = 5 units 15. AB = (5 – 0) units = 5 units
BC = [–3 – (–6)] units = 3 units
(b) AB = [2 − (−6)] units = 8 units CD = [5 – (–5)] units = 10 units
DE = [2 – (–3)] units = 5 units
CD = [3 − (−7)] units = 10 units EF = [0 – (–5)] units = 5 units
Length of the green line ABCDEF
2. horizontal line = AB + BC + CD + DE + EF
AB = (5 − 2) units = 3 units = (5 + 3 + 10 + 5 + 5) units
= 28 units
3. vertical line
CD = [8 − (−2)] units = 10 units 16. PQ = [7 – (–1)] units = 8 units
QR = [5 – (–3)] units = 8 units
4. horizontal line ∵ PQ = QR
EF = [6 − (−6)] units = 12 units ∴ △PQR is an isosceles triangle.

17. ∵ AB = 8 units
5. vertical line
GH = (7 − 2) units = 5 units ∴ b − ( −3) = 8
b=5
6. vertical line ∵ BC = 6 units
PQ = [−5 − (−9)] units = 4 units ∴ c − ( −4) = 6
c=2
7. horizontal line
RS = [7 − (−7)] units = 14 units
18. (a) ∵ AB = 15 units
∴ 3a − (1 − a) = 15
8. (a) AB = [8 − (−2)] units = 10 units 4a = 16
a=4
(b) CD = [2 − (−9)] units = 11 units
(b) (i) Coordinates of C = (2, 3(4)) = (2, 12)
9. AB = [4 − (−3)] units = 7 units Coordinates of D = (2, 1 – (4)) = (2, –3)
∵ y-coordinate of C ≠ y-coordinate of D
CD = [7 − (−5)] units = 12 units
∴ C and D do not lie on a horizontal line.
∴ CD is longer.
(ii) CD = [12 − (−3)] units = 15 units
10. (a) PQ = [3 − (−2)] units = 5 units
QR = [8 − (−3)] units = 11 units 19. (a) ST = [9 − (−2)] units = 11 units

(b) Perimeter of rectangle PQRS = ( PQ + QR)  2 (b) ∵ P lies on the line passing through S and T, which
= (5 + 11)  2 units is a vertical line.
= 32 units ∴ x-coordinate of P = x-coordinate of S = –6
Let (–6, p) be the coordinates of P.
∵ PS = ST = 11 units
11. ∵ AB = 10 units
∴ −2 − p = 11
∴ a − (−3) = 10
p = −13
a=7
∴ Coordinates of P = (−6, −13)

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

20. ∵ PQ = 6 units Exercise 12C (p. 12.31)

∴ (3 p − 1) − 5 = 6 or 5 − (3 p − 1) = 6 Level 1
1. AB = (4 − 1) units = 3 units
3 p = 12 6 − 3p = 6
BC = (5 − 1) units = 4 units
p=4 p=0
∴ Area of the figure = AB  BC
= 3  4 sq. units
21. (a) ∵ x-coordinate of B = x-coordinate of A = –8
= 12 sq. units
and y-coordinate of B = y-coordinate of C = –6
∴ Coordinates of B = (−8, −6)
2. AB = [3 − (−1)] units = 4 units
∵ x-coordinate of D = x-coordinate of C = –2
BC = [2 − (−2)] units = 4 units
and y-coordinate of D = y-coordinate of A = 6
∴ Coordinates of D = (−2, 6) ∴ Area of the figure =
1
 AB  BC
2
1
(b) BC = [−2 − (−8)] units = 6 units =  4  4 sq. units
2
AB = [6 − (−6)] units = 12 units = 8 sq. units
Perimeter of ABCD = (6 + 12)  2 units
= 36 units
3.

22. (a) ∵ x-coordinate of B = x-coordinate of C = 4

and y-coordinate of B = y-coordinate of A = –4
∴ Coordinates of B = (4, −4)
∵ x-coordinate of D = x-coordinate of A = –1
and y-coordinate of D = y-coordinate of C = 2
∴ Coordinates of D = (−1, 2)
With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of E = (–3, 0).
(b) AB = [4 − (−1)] units = 5 units
BC = [−1 − (−4)] units = 3 units
BC = [2 − (−4)] units = 6 units AE = (5 − 0) units = 5 units
∵ AB  BC ∴ Area of the figure = BC  AE
∴ ABCD is not a square. = 3  5 sq. units
= 15 sq. units
23. (a) AB = (4 − 1) units = 3 units
AD = 2 AB = 2  3 units = 6 units
4. AB = [2 − (−3)] units = 5 units
DC = [4 − (−3)] units = 7 units
(b) y-coordinate of C = y-coordinate of B = 1
BC = [2 − (−4)] units = 6 units
Let (c, 1) be the coordinates of C.
∵ BC = 6 units 1
∴ Area of the figure =  ( AB + DC )  BC
∴ c−2=6 2
c =8 1
=  (5 + 7)  6 sq. units
∴ Coordinates of C = (8,1) 2
= 36 sq. units
∵ x-coordinate of D = x-coordinate of C = 8
and y-coordinate of D = y-coordinate of A = 4
∴ Coordinates of D = (8, 4) 5. BC = [6 − (−2)] units = 8 units
AO = (4 − 0) units = 4 units
1
24. Length of the path ABCDEFG ∴ Area of the figure =  BC  AO
= AB + BC + CD + DE + EF + FG 2
1
= ( AB + CD + EF ) + ( BC + DE + FG ) =  8  4 sq. units
2
= {[5 − (−3)] + [11 − (−6)]} units
= 16 sq. units
= (8 + 17) units
= 25 units

25. (a) The route can be:

(−4, 1) → (2, 1) → (2, 2) → (2, 1) → (0, 1) → (0, −2)
→ (−4, −2) → (0, −2) → (0, 0) → (3, 0) → (3, −2)
(or any other reasonable answers)

(b) 28 units (or any other reasonable answers)

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

6. y (b) With the notations in the figure,

A(6, 4) coordinates of D = (−4, − 3) .
BC = [2 − (−2)] units = 4 units
AD = [4 − (−3)] units = 7 units
x
0 1
∴ Area of △ ABC =  BC  AD
B(–5, –2) C(2, –2) D (6, –2) 2
1
With the notations in the figure, =  4  7 sq. units
coordinates of D = (6, –2). 2
BC = [2 − (−5)] units = 7 units = 14 sq. units
AD = [4 − (−2)] units = 6 units
1 10. (a)
∴ Area of the figure =  BC  AD y
2
A(–9, 2) D(7, 2)
1 2
=  7  6 sq. units
2 x
= 21 sq. units –10 –8 –6 –4 –2
O
2 4 6 8
–2
–4
7. –6
B(–9, –6) C(7, –6)

(b) AD = [7 − (−9)] units = 16 units

AB = [2 − (−6)] units = 8 units
∴ Area of rectangle ABCD = AD  AB
With the notations in the figure, = 16  8 sq. units
coordinates of E = (7, ). = 128 sq. units
CD = [−2 − (−9)] units = 7 units
AE = [7 − (−5)] units = 12 units
11. (a) ∵ x-coordinate of C = x-coordinate of A = 3
∴ Area of the figure = CD  AE and y-coordinate of C = y-coordinate of B = –3
= 7  12 sq. units ∴ Coordinates of C = (3, −3)
= 84 sq. units
(b) BC = [3 − (−2)] units = 5 units
8. AC = [7 − (−3)] units = 10 units
1
∴ Area of △ABC =  BC  AC
2
1
=  5 10 sq. units
2
= 25 sq. units

With the notations in the figure, 12. (a) ∵ x-coordinate of C = x-coordinate of D = 2

coordinates of E = (4, −2). and y-coordinate of C = y-coordinate of B = –3
AD = (4 − 2) units = 2 units ∴ Coordinates of C = (2, −3)
BC = [1 − (−5)] units = 6 units
DE = [4 − (−2)] units = 6 units
(b) AD = [2 − (−3)] units = 5 units
1 BC = [2 − (−4)] units = 6 units
∴ Area of the figure =  ( AD + BC )  DE
2 DC = [2 − (−3)] units = 5 units
1
=  (2 + 6)  6 sq. units 1
2 ∴ Area of trapezium ABCD =  ( AD + BC )  DC
2
= 24 sq. units
1
=  (5 + 6)  5 sq. units
2
9. (a) y = 27.5 sq. units
A(–4, 4)
4
3
2
1
x
–4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2
–1
–2
–3 C(2, –3)
D(–4, –3) B(–2, –3)

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

Level 2 16.
13.

F(0, –2)
G(5, –1)

With the notations in the figure,

coordinates of F = (0, –2).
With the notations in the figure, Area of the figure
coordinates of G = (5, –1). = area of trapezium ABCE + area of △CDE
∴ Area of the figure
1 1
= area of rectangle ABCG + area of rectangle EFGD =  ( AB + CE )  AF +  CE  DF
2 2
= BC  AB + FG  EF
1 1 
= (7  3 + 4  3) sq. units =   (2 + 9)  6 +  9  2  sq. units
2 2 
= 33 sq. units
= 42 sq. units

14.
17.

F(0, 2)
G(0, 1)

With the notations in the figure,

coordinates of G = (1, 4).
Area of the figure
= area of trapezium ADEF + area of △ ABC With the notations in the figure,
1 1 coordinates of F = (0, 2) and coordinates of G = (0, 1).
=  ( DE + AF )  AD +  AC  BG Area of the figure
2 2
= area of △ ABC − area of △ ADE
1 1 
=   (3 + 5)  5 +  3  2  sq. units 1 1
 2 2  =  AB  CF −  AD  EG
2 2
= 23 sq. units
1 1 
=   8  5 −  5  3  sq. units
2 2 
15.
= 12.5 sq. units

18.
E(0, 4)
D(–4, 3) E(4, 3)

O D(6, 0)

With the notations in the figure,

coordinates of D = (6, 0) and coordinates of E = (0, 4).
Area of the figure F(4, –4)
= area of △OCB + area of △OBA With the notations in the figure,
1 1 we have D(−4, 3), E(4, 3) and F(4, −4).
=  OC  BD +  OA  BE
2 2 Area of △ABC
1 1  = area of rectangle BDEF − area of △ ABD − area of △ AEC
=   8  4 +  7  6  sq. units
 2 2  − area of △ BCF
= 37 sq. units 1 1 1
= DE  EF −  AD  BD −  AE  CE −  BF  CF
2 2 2
 1 1 1 
=  8  7 −  2  7 −  6  5 −  8  2  sq. units
 2 2 2 
= 26 sq. units

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

19. (a) (c) Let x units be the length of BC.

∵ Area of △ABC = 5070 sq. units
1
∴  AB  BC = 5070 sq. units
2
1
 65  x = 5070
2
65 x = 10140
x = 156
∴ The length of BC = 156 units
Perimeter of △ABC = AC + BC + AB
= (169 + 156 + 65) units
(b) With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of E = (3, 1) and coordinates of F = (1, 1). = 390 units
Area of quadrilateral ABCD
= area of △ ABD + area of △ BCD 22.
D(0, 6)
1 1
=  BD  AE +  BD  CF
2 2
1 1 
=   7  2 +  7  4  sq. units
2 2 
= 21 sq. units

With the notations in the figure,

20. (a) coordinates of D = (0, 6).
(2, 4)
Let (0, –b) be the coordinates of B.
Then OB = [0 – (–b)] units = b units
∵ Area of quadrilateral AOBC = 27 sq. units
1
∴  ( AC + OB)  AD = 27 sq. units
2
1
 (4 + b)  6 = 27
(2, –6) (12, –6)
2
3(4 + b) = 27
(b) With the notations in the figure, 4+b =9
we have D(2, 4), E(12, −6) and F(2, −6). b=5
Area of △ABC ∴ Coordinates of B = (0, −5)
= area of DCEF − area of △ ACD − area of △ BCE
− area of △ ABF
23.
1 1 1
= CD  CE −  AD  CD −  BE  CE −  AF  BF
2 2 2
 1 1 1 
= 10  10 −  2  10 −  4  10 −  8  6  sq. units
 2 2 2 
= 46 sq. units

21. (a) AC = [25 − (−144)] units With the notations in the figure,
= 169 units 1
 PQ  RS = 20 sq. units
OB = (60 − 0) units 2
= 60 units 1
 4 units  RS = 20 sq. units
2
RS = 10 units
1
(b) Area of △ABC =  AC  OB ∵ x-coordinate of S = 2
2 ∴ x-coordinate of R = 2 − 10
1
= 169  60 sq. units = −8
2
Since the y-coordinate of R can be any negative values, the
= 5070 sq. units coordinates of R can be (−8, −2), (−8, −6) (or any other
reasonable answers).

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

Exercise 12D (p. 12.50) 5. (a) The coordinates of A = ( −2 + 6, 2 + 5)

Level 1 = (4, 7)
1.
The coordinates of B = ( −5 + 6, −3 + 5)
= (1, 2)

The coordinates of C  = (−1 + 6, −1 + 5)

= (5, 4)

(b)

(a) The coordinates of A1 = (1, 1)

(b) The coordinates of A2 = (−2, −3)

2. (a) The coordinates of A' = (1 + 7, 3)

= (8, 3)

6.
(b) The coordinates of B' = (7 − 2, − 2)
= (5, − 2)

(c) The coordinates of C' = (−6, 5 − 8)

= (−6, −3)

(d) The coordinates of D' = (−4, −1 + 5)

= ( −4, 4)
(a) The coordinates of A1 = (3, 2)
3. The coordinates of P1 = (−1 + 3, 5)
= (2, 5) (b) The coordinates of A2 = (−3, −2)
The coordinates of P2 = (2, 5 − 2)
= (2, 3) 7. (a) The coordinates of A' = (1, −4)

(b) The coordinates of B' = (5, 2)

4. (a) The coordinates of A1 = ( −2, −1 + 6)
= ( −2, 5)
(c) The coordinates of C' = (−6, 3)
The coordinates of B1 = (1, −5 + 6)
= (1, 1) (d) The coordinates of D' = (−4, −7)
The coordinates of C1 = (4, − 4 + 6)
= (4, 2) 8. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (2, 3)
The coordinates of B1 = (4,1)
(b) The coordinates of C1 = (1, −2)

(b)

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

9. (a)(i), (b)(i) (b) The coordinates of A2 = (3, −4)

The coordinates of B2 = (5, −1)

(a), (b)

(a) (ii) The coordinates of A' = (2, −1)

(b) (ii) The coordinates of B' = (3, −3) 14. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (4, 4)
The coordinates of B1 = (−1, 5)
10. (a) The distance between point P and line L1
The coordinates of C1 = (−3, 2)
= the distance between point P and line L1
= [1 – (–6)] units
= 7 units (b)
The coordinates of P = ( −6 + 2  7, 2)
= (8, 2)

(b) The distance between point Q and line L2

= the distance between point Q and line L2
= [–1 – (–3)] units
= 2 units
The coordinates of Q = (4, −1 − 2  2)
= (4, − 5)
Level 2
11. 15. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (−5, 3)
The coordinates of B1 = (−1, 3)

(b) ∵ A1 and B1 have the same y-coordinate, i.e. 3.

∴ A1 and B1 lie on the same horizontal line.

16. (a) The distance between point M1 and line L

= the distance between point M and line L
= (4 – 2) units
(a) The coordinates of P1 = (−1, 5)
= 2 units
The coordinates of M 1 = (3, 2 + 2  2)
(b) The coordinates of P2 = (−5, −1) = (3, 6)

The coordinates of M2 = (−3, 2)

(c) The coordinates of P3 = (1, −5)

(b) The coordinates of M3 = (−3, −2)

12. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (−4,1)

17. (a) The coordinates of A' = (−3 − 5, − 7 + 9)

(b) The coordinates of B1 = (−3, 2)
= ( −8, 2)

(c) The coordinates of C1 = (6, 5)

(b) The coordinates of the image after the reflection
= (−9, 3)
(d) The coordinates of D1 = (7, − 4)
The coordinates of B' = (−9 + 4, −3)
= (−5, −3)
13. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (4, 3)
The coordinates of B1 = (1, 5)

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

(c) The coordinates of the image after the rotation (b) The coordinates of A'' = (−4, −2)
= (−4, 1)
The coordinates of C' = ( −4, 1 − 3)
24. ∵ The distance between point Q and line L
= ( −4, − 2) = the distance between point P and line L
∴ h − 1 = 1 − (−1)
(d) The coordinates of the image after the rotation h −1 = 2
= (−5, 2)
h=3
The coordinates of D' = (5, 2)
∵ P and Q have the same y-coordinate.
∴ k =2
18. (a) The coordinates of the image after the translation
= (−3 + 2, − 2)
25. (a) translate to the left by 6 units
= (−1, − 2)
The coordinates of the image after the reflection (b) reflect about the x-axis
= (−1, 2)
(c) rotate anti-clockwise about the origin through 270
(b) The coordinates of the image after the reflection (or rotate clockwise about the origin through 90)
= (−3, 2)
(d) translate to the right by 2 units and upwards by
The coordinates of the image after the translation
3 units (or any other reasonable answers)
= (−3 + 2, − 2)
= ( −1, 2) Check Yourself (p. 12.59)
1. (a)  (b) ✓ (c) ✓ (d) ✓
(c) yes
2. (a) The distance between (−2, 3) and (−8, 3)
19. (a) The coordinates of B = (−3, 2) = [−2 − (−8)] units
= 6 units
(b) The coordinates of the image after the rotation
= (3, − 2) (b) The distance between (4, − 2) and (−1, − 2)
The coordinates of C = (3, 2) = [4 − (−1)] units
= 5 units
(c) Distance between B and C = [3 − ( −3)] units
3. (a)
= 6 units

20. The coordinates of the image of A after the reflection D(0, 3)

= (−3, 5)
The coordinates of A' = (3, −5)
The coordinates of the image of B after the reflection
= (2,1)
The coordinates of B' = (−2, −1) With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of D = (0, 3).
The coordinates of the image of C after the reflection
1
= (−4, −1) ∴ Area of △ ABC =  AB  CD
2
The coordinates of C' = (4,1)
1
=  6  5 sq. units
2
21. Let (x, y) be the coordinates of A. =15 sq. units
( x, y + 5) = (14, 1)
( x, y) = (14, − 4)
(b)
∴ The coordinates of A are (14, –4).

22. Let (x, y) be the coordinates of P.

( x − 8, y + 10) = (4, 6)
G(1, 2)
( x, y) = (12, − 4)
∴ The coordinates of P are (12, –4).

23. (a) Let (x, y) be the coordinates of A.

( x + 5, y) = (3, 4) With the notations in the figure,
( x, y) = (−2, 4) coordinates of G = (1, 2).
∴ The coordinates of A are (–2, 4).

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

Area of ABCDEF = area of AGEF + area of BCDG 4. (a)

= EF  EG + DG  DC
= (2  6 + 4  4) sq. units
= 28 sq. units

4.

(b) (i) The required coordinates = (−2, 0)

(ii) The required coordinates = (0,1)

5. (a)

5. (a) Coordinates of A' = (−2 + 3, 7)

= (1, 7)

(b) Coordinates of B' = (−6, −1)

(c) Coordinates of C' = (−4, 3)

(d) Coordinates of D' = (−5, 8)

(b) R and S lie on the x-axis.

Revision Exercise 12 (p. 12.60) (c) Q and R lie on the same vertical line.
Level 1
1. (a) The coordinates of A are (0, 3). 6. (a) Distance between A and B = (12 − 7) units
The coordinates of B are (0, 0).
= 5 units
The coordinates of C are (7, 0).
The coordinates of D are (7, 3).
(b) Distance between C and D = [−9 − (−21)] units
(b) P: inside, Q: outside, R: on the sides
= 12 units
2. (a) (2, 5), (3, 2), (6, 4)
(c) Distance between P and Q = [4 − (−11)] units
(b) (i) It is a rectangle.
(ii) It is a parallelogram. = 15 units

3. (a) The coordinates of A = (−4, −3) (d) Distance between R and S = [1.5 − (−7.5)] units
The coordinates of B = (−3, 2) = 9 units

The coordinates of C = (2, 3)

7. (a) The coordinates of A, B, C and D are (3, 2), (–2, 2),
The coordinates of D = (1, − 4) (–2, –3) and (3, –3) respectively.
AB = [3 − (−2)] units = 5 units

(b) A lies in quadrant III. BC = [2 − (−3)] units = 5 units

B lies in quadrant II. CD = [3 − (−2)] units = 5 units
C lies in quadrant I.
D lies in quadrant IV. DA = [2 − (−3)] units = 5 units

(b) Perimeter of ABCD = AB + BC + CD + DA

= (5 + 5 + 5 + 5) units
= 20 units
Area of ABCD = AB  BC
= 5  5 sq. units
= 25 sq. units

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

8. ∵ AB = 20 units and x is negative. With the notations in the figure,

∴ 5 − x = 20 coordinates of G = (–4, 6).
Area of the figure
x = −15
= area of ABCF + area of CDEF
1 1
9. =  ( AB + CF )  BG +  ( DE + CF )  DG
2 2
D(6, 3) 1 1 
=   (2 + 12)  4 +  (6 + 12)  8 sq. units
2 2 
= (28 + 72) sq. units
= 100 sq. units

With the notations in the figure, 13.

coordinates of D = (6, 3). F(–2, 4)
1
Area of the figure =  AC  BD
2
1
=  7  6 sq. units
2
= 21 sq. units

10.
With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of F = (–2, 4).
Area of the figure
= area of ABCD − area of △ AED
1 1
=  ( AB + CD )  AD −  AD  EF
2 2
D(–3, –2)
1 1 
With the notations in the figure, =   (3 + 9)   −      sq. units
coordinates of D = (–3, –2).  2 2 
1 = (36 − 6) sq. units
Area of the figure =  AB  CD
2 = 30 sq. units
1
=  4  8 sq. units
2 14. Area of the figure
= 16 sq. units = area of △ AEB − area of OFDC
1 1
=  BE  AE −  (OF + CD )  OD
11. 2 2
1 1 
=   8  −  ( + )    sq. units
 2 2 
= (40 − 6) sq. units
= 34 sq. units

15. (a) PS  PQ = 91 sq. units

13 units  PQ = 91 sq. units
With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of G = (–2, 4). PQ = 7 units
Area of the figure = area of ABEF + area of BCDE
= BE  AG + BE  CG (b) The coordinates of Q = (−8, 2 − 7)
= (5  3 + 5  3) sq. units = (−8, −5)
= (15 + 15) sq. units
The coordinates of R = (5, 2 − 7)
= 30 sq. units
= (5, −5)

12.
16.

G(–4, 6)

(a) The coordinates of P1 = (−3, 3)

18 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2020

 12 Introduction to Coordinates

(b) The coordinates of P2 = (−2, 3) 22. (a)

(c) The coordinates of P3 = (−3, 2)

17. (a) The coordinates of A = (6 + 4, − 2)

= (10, − 2)

(b) The coordinates of B = ( −2 − 2, 8 + 3)

= ( −4, 11) (b) The coordinates of A1 = (0, 3)

The coordinates of B1 = (3, − 2)

18. (a) The coordinates of P = (2, −6)
The coordinates of C1 = (−2, 0)

(b) The coordinates of Q = (3, 7)

23. (a)

19. (a) The coordinates of X  = (−2, −6)

(b) The coordinates of Y  = (5, 3)

20. (a) The coordinates of A = (−3, − 4)

The coordinates of B = (2, −3)

(b)

(b) The coordinates of P1 = (1, −7)

The coordinates of Q1 = (6, −5)

The coordinates of R1 = (2, −6)

Level 2
21. (a) The coordinates of A1 = ( −3 + 4, 4 − 2) 24. ∵ PQ = 5 units
= (1, 2) ∴ 3− x = 5
x = −2
The coordinates of B1 = ( −6 + 4, − 2 − 2)
∵ QR = 10 units
= ( −2, − 4)
∴ y − ( −3) = 10
The coordinates of C1 = (−2 + 4, 2 − 2) y=7
= (2, 0)

25. (a) AB = [8 − ( −7)] units

(b) = 15 units

(b) CD = [4 − ( −4)] units

= 8 units

(c) EF = [(c + 6) − (c − 1)] units

=(c + 6 − c + 1) units
= 7 units

26. ∵ MN = 8 units
∴ 2 − m = 8 or m − 2 = 8
m = −6 m = 10
∴ m = –6 or 10

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

27. AB = [6 − (−4)] units = 10 units

DC = [8 − (−6)] units = 14 units
1
Area of △ ABP =  10  8 sq. units
2
= 40 sq. units
1
H(–7, –2) I(–1, –2)
Area of the trapezium =  (14 + 10)  8 sq. units
2
= 96 sq. units
Area of △ ABP 40 5
∴ = =
With the notations in the figure, Area of the trapezium 96 12
coordinates of H = (–7, –2) and coordinates of I = (–1, –2). ∴ Mary’s claim is disagreed.
Area of the figure = area of ABFG + area of △CDE
1 31.
= BF  AI +  CE  DH
2
 1 
=  5  5 +    sq. units
 2  O

= 37 sq. units
D(–6, –5) E(8, –5)

28. With the notations in the figure,

we have D(–6, –5) and E(8, –5).
Area of △ ABC
= area of ADEC − area of △ ADB − area of △ BEC
1 1 1
=  (CE + AD)  ED −  BD  AD −  BE  CE
2 2 2
1 1 1 
=   (3 + 8)  14 −    −  4  3 sq. units
With the notations in the figure, 2 2 2 
we have E(−4, 0), F(6, 0) and G(, 3). = 31 sq. units
Area of the figure
= area of ABGD + area of BEFG − area of △ BEC
32.
− area of △ DCF
E(0, 3) A(8, 3)
1 1
=  ( AD + BG )  DG + BE  BG −  BE  CE
2 2
1 F(–3, 0)
−  DF  CF
2
1 1 1 
=   (8 + 10)  2 + 3  10 −  3  9 −  5  1 sq. units C(–3, –5)
 2 2 2 
= 32 sq. units With the notations in the figure,
we have A(8, 3), C(–3, –5), E(0, 3) and F(–3, 0).
Area of △OCA
29.
= area of △ ACB − area of △ AOB − area of △ BOC
1 1 1
=  AB  BC −  AB  OE −  BC  OF
2 2 2
1 1 1 
=   11   −  11  3 −  8  3  sq. units
2 2 2 
B(–3, –1) = 15.5 sq. units
With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of B = (−3, −1). 33. (a) FE + DC = AB = 6 units
1
Area of △ PAB =  AB  BC  26 
2 BC =  − 6  units = 7 units
 2 
1
=  7  10 sq. units The coordinates of C = (8, 1 + 7)
2
= 35 sq. units = (8, 8)
∵ x-coordinate of D = x-coordinate of E = 6
30. ∵ P is a point on CD. and y-coordinate of D = y-coordinate of C = 8
∴ The y-coordinate of P is 5. ∴ The coordinates of D = (6, 8)
∴ Height of △ABP with base AB = [5 − (−3)] units
= 8 units

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

∵ x-coordinate of F = x-coordinate of A = 2 (b) The coordinates of the image after the reflection
and y-coordinate of F = y-coordinate of E = 5 = (−3, −2)
∴ The coordinates of F = (2, 5) The coordinates of B = (3, 2)

(b) (c) The coordinates of the image after the rotation

= (−4, − 7)
The coordinates of C  = ( −4, − 7 + 5)
= ( −4, − 2)

36. The coordinates of the image after the translation first

= (−5 + 3, 4)
With the notations in the figure, = (−2, 4)
coordinates of G = (8, 5).
The coordinates of the image after the translation and then
Area of ABCDEF = area of ABGF + area of CDEG the reflection
= AB  AF + CD  DE = (2, 4)
= (6  4 + 2  3) sq. units The coordinates of the image after the reflection first
= 30 sq. units = (5, 4)
The coordinates of the image after the reflection and then
the translation
34. (a)
= (5 + 3, 4)
= (8, 4)
 (2, 4)
∴ Amy’s claim is disagreed.

37. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (7 + 5, 4 − 3)

= (12, 1)

The coordinates of B1 = ( −1 + 5, −1 − 3)
With the notations in the figure, = (4, − 4)
we have H(−8, 3), I(–8, –4), X(1, 1) and Y(, 0).
Area of the farm The coordinates of C1 = (2 + 5, − 2 − 3)
= area of GFIH − area of ABCH − area of △DEI = (7, − 5)
1 1
= HG  FG −  ( AB + CH )  AH −  DI  EI
2 2 (b) The distance between point A2 and line L
 1 1  = the distance between point A1 and line L
= 6  7 −  (1 + 3)  1 −  2  2  sq. units
 2 2  = [12 – (–3)] units
= 38 sq. units = 15 units
Area of the fish pond The coordinates of A2 = (12 − 15  2, 1)
= area of PWVX + area of UTYX + area of SRQY = ( −18, 1)
1 The distance between point B2 and line L
=  ( PW + VX )  PX + UX  UT + SY  SR
2 = the distance between point B1 and line L
1  = [4 – (–3)] units
=   (5 + 7)  5 + 5  1 + 2  1 sq. units
2  = 7 units
The coordinates of B2 = (4 − 2  7, − 4)
= 37 sq. units
= ( −10, − 4)
∴ Area of the farm > area of the fish pond
∴ Harry’s claim is correct. The distance between point C2 and line L
= the distance between point C1 and line L
(b) Difference between the areas of the farm and the fish = [7 – (–3)] units
pond = 10 units
= (38 − 37) sq. unit The coordinates of C2 = (7 − 2  10, −5)
= 1 sq. unit = ( −13, − 5)

35. (a) The coordinates of the image after the translation

= (2, 1 − 4)
= (2, − 3)
The coordinates of A = (−2, −3)

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

38. c = 5 Area of △ ABC

d = 3+ 23 = area of AEDC − area of △CBD − area of △ AEB
=9 1 1 1
=  ( AE + CD)  ED −  BD  CD −  BE  AE
a =c−6 2 2 2
 1 1 1 
=5−6 =   (2 + 6)  8 −  3  6 −  5  2  sq. units
2 2 2 
= −1
= 18 sq. units
b=d
=9
(c) ∵ A is rotated clockwise about the origin through
180° to C.
39. Let (x, y) be the coordinates of A. ∴ OA = OC
The coordinates of the image of A after the translation Height of △OAB with base OA
= ( x − 4, y) = height of △ABC with base AC
Alternatively, the image of A after the translation can be 1
obtained by rotating A clockwise about the origin through ∴ Area of △OAB =  area of △ ABC
2
90. So, the coordinates of the image of A after the
1
translation are (8, −10). =  18 sq. units
Therefore, 2
x−4=8 = 9 sq. units
x = 12
y = −10 Challenging Questions (p. 12.67)
∴ The coordinates of A = (12, −10) 1. (a) ∵ ∠COA = 90°
∴ The coordinates of C can be obtained by rotating
A anti-clockwise about the origin through 90°.
40. (a) − m − 1 = −4 ∴ The coordinates of C = (1, 4)
m=3
n (b) (i)
= −3
2 C(1, 4)
E(0, 4)
n = −6
G(0, 3)
(b) 3m + 2 = −4
m = −2
3n n F(0, –1)
− − = 12
2 2
− 2n = 12 With the notations in the figure,
n = −6 we have E(, 4), F(0, –1) and G(, 3).
Area of ABCEF
= area of ECBG + area of BAFG
41. (a) The coordinates of C = (−4, 2)
1 1
=  (CE + BG )  EG +  ( BG + FA)  GF
2 2
(b) y  1 1 
=   (1 + 5)  1 +  (5 + 4)  4  sq. units
C(–4, 2)
2
2 2 
= 21sq. units
1
x
O (ii) Area of square OABC
–4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4
–1 = area of ABCEF − area of △ ECO
–2 A(4, –2)
− area of △OAF
–3 1 1
= area of ABCEF −  CE  EO −  OF  FA
–4 2 2
D(–4, –4) B(–1, –4) E(4, –4)
 1 1 
With the notations in the figure, =  21 −  1  4 −  1  4  sq. units
we have D(−4, –4) and E(, –4).  2 2 
= 17 sq. units

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

2. (a) 1
Area of ABCD =  ( AD + BC )  CE
2
1 
=   (8 + 4)  5 sq. units
2 
= 30 sq. units

6. Answer: C
y
P(–4, 7) S(3, 7) R(10, 7)
The coordinates of A1 = (5, −3)
∴ Similarly, we can get:
the coordinates of A2 = (−2, −5) x
0
the coordinates of A3 = (−4, 2)
the coordinates of A4 = (3, 4) Q(3, –5)

With the notations in the figure,

(b) Based on the results of (a), we see that: coordinates of S = (3, 7).
A, A4, A8, … have the same coordinates. 1
Area of △PQR =  PR  SQ
A1, A5, A9, … have the same coordinates. 2
A2, A6, A10, … have the same coordinates. 1
A3, A7, A11, … have the same coordinates. = 14 12 sq. units
2
∴ Coordinates of A25 = coordinates of A1 = (5, −3) = 84 sq. units
Coordinates of A50 = coordinates of A2 = (−2, −5)
7. Answer: B
Coordinates of A75 = coordinates of A3 = (−4, 2)
Coordinates of A100 = coordinates of A = (3, 4) 8. Answer: A

9. Answer: D
Multiple Choice Questions (p. 12.67) Distance between A and A
1. Answer: D = 2  distance between A and L
= 2  [4 − (−1)] units
2. Answer: B
= 2  5 units
3. Answer: C = 10 units
∵ MN is parallel to the y-axis.
∴ MN is a vertical line. 10. Answer: D
∴ x-coordinate of N = x-coordinate of M = 2 The coordinates of the image of X after the translation
∴ Only (2, 5) can be the coordinates of N. = (−3 + 2, − 5)
∴ The answer is C. = (−1, − 5)
The coordinates of Y = (−5, 1)
4. Answer: C
For I:
Distance between A and B = [3 − (−3)] units = 6 units 11. Answer: C
For II:
Distance between A and B = [0 − (−3)] units = 3 units Think and Learn (p. 12.71)
For III:
Distance between A and B = [2 − (−1)] units = 3 units 1. (a) (2, 2) → (3, 0) → (4, 2) → (2, 1)
∴ Only II and III are true. (or any other reasonable answers)
∴ The answer is C. (b) Yes

5. Answer: B 2. (a) (2, 2) → (0, 1) → (2, 0) → (1, 2)

(or any other reasonable answers)
E(2, 4)
(b) Yes
3. (a) (2, 2) → (4, 1) → (2, 0) → (3, 2)
(or any other reasonable answers)
(b) Yes
With the notations in the figure,
coordinates of E = (2, 4). 4. Yes

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Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1B Full Solutions

Exam Corner

Exam-type Questions (p. 12.69)

Suggested Solutions Marks
1. (a) The coordinates of B = (3, 1 − 2)
= (3, −1) ✓

(b) The coordinates of C = (−1, 3) ✓

(c)

With the notations in the figure,

coordinates of D = (3, 3).
1
Area of △ ABC =  AB  CD
2
1
=  2  4 sq. units ✓
2
= 4 sq. units ✓

2. (a) The coordinates of P' = (1, 2) ✓

The coordinates of Q' = (3, − 4 + 6)

= (3, 2) ✓

(b) Distance between P and Q

= (3 − 1) units
= 2 units ✓

3. (a) The coordinates of A1 = (5, 5) ✓

The coordinates of B1 = (5, 9) ✓

(b) AB = [−5 − (−9)] units

= 4 units
✓
A1 B1 = (9 − 5) units
= 4 units
∴ AB = A1B1 ✓

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 12 Introduction to Coordinates

Suggested Solutions Marks

4. (a) The coordinates of B = (−4, 5) ✓
The coordinates of C = (5, − 4) ✓

(b) (i) ∵ C is translated horizontally to D.

∴ y-coordinate of D = y-coordinate of C = –4
∵ ∠BDC = 90°
∴ BD is a vertical line.
∴ x-coordinate of D = x-coordinate of B = –4
∴ Coordinates of D = (−4, − 4) ✓

(ii) BD = [5 − (−4)] units = 9 units

CD = [5 − (−4)] units = 9 units ✓
∵ ∠BDC = 90° and BD = CD
∴ △BDC is a right-angled isosceles triangle. ✓
5. Answer: B
The distance between point P and line L
= the distance between point P and line L
= (5 – 1) units
= 4 units
The coordinates of P  = ( −1, 5 − 2  4)
= (−1, −3)

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