0% found this document useful (0 votes)
33 views

Computer Networks

computer network notes

Uploaded by

roundtohell62870
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
33 views

Computer Networks

computer network notes

Uploaded by

roundtohell62870
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11
att Big =H Raric Tess in Gmpuler nehooth +. : Saar # Comptes Nehow i >A cormpuber welucosk, BA tewpte derma comp BM Netrood 8 netasork SCODING BUGS GNOTES GALLERY oe a dtrvice made avadiaile by a tnves.The scaver4 Wa ek of aevices comerecled tmreugh dicks Dhak acemens a service med oO tee peed conbedted J s 1) Clienks A dient a compuber Wandeant cevite ex Aeffecone caploee Bier Corr vak anys) seated an separate nega np i Se seever is ‘col Compuber decdicaled Joran 3 : 1 O- hed op devices Shak ane sensectee age eget rokers, Daxendinh =A Ith 8 chgrenl media tink dn oO ciaoat. ; paricen to sere the needt-of Dlrercorpud 4 termethed iano phytienl diet cy yee TREY BRE rein ane Fhe sservicts Shab ty manning Ub could be o [pe brewer, a Bed, R mode com toe eee neem ane kerry bunt let >, Nema medion Seaver, psinkgewer, mer newer: i ee ae ea a . ane tenie>, none media, ews ge redeo, €On we omy drvices mhide ty a, Tan terest ee] Capable of cemdian er receiving dhe dobar tne leks cemorhigg TE Hort A post iso compuker-, connethedl Jo other Cempubers {pr whidy ARE roden one: Known uo totnunkalion cain q Sh wiongle team, network is a calledion ol devices eared temouler eonneded Joa nehworle aut ao a noth to oFher AP Gdn atined bo allows sharing of dala PEE on She nebwork io : Bp. fog ‘ fencionatiby # Bweh Widdory EST’ Peey TS a noke Hal provides se samme Lunt e ° Jers in neha. ont. peers. ede, * 3p 1809 » AROANET (Adumecd Res arch Prete Agency Aleooie) a Sepa ere orother «24 devo camp Me pit conne {B Provides dala ov sewices over Ine nelwerk antheory , uery if f 4 computer arch a henrer ane nek peers 99 they Peer 4 ‘ ete Compuder mebwor. D\, ailieeect epenation f Bape rae Tee protean Weker pees wee a oy B beer B pemetniry or Momenne tha mie | . MIT nae developed by Rivanced Regcenertiet on (ABE Ya e, EAP roshese Hnesey come kind of welatlenkip D <8 UbLee ob US Deporlment ah defence (ae pore wo tee sp the group. % 4 Tpit aid Hee Ded area do Seileh mehcos Compudens 2 21 fecseridlh: ebwork, hondwily is a meaamement indiealing Feces oh Hee td vn bel US8 USSR Union Sowel elit Pefubtis) He motinnam capacity ofa wired or elyel scalion | geal a AAPANET wa5 Jo Keep sires 24 Communleation open if dre ny Fe trawamit clalg aver a nebo cone che. ina ; USA ore) ARE VEER dectecl 40 Eechoey mucleon denon Oe @ARPANET vevelWlionized commucpabons lnntead of diveck comneckion, Bola mat by wring pavkel-Awikehing 15 commuteated Strroupl a CAL RonGENS: of ih bilobils, megabils ov gigshils ahalrean be Packer -Awilching buclem is formated Inlo packele withonadadnol ~* seater ea oe se © Sarena wills capaci ly Aettinabion madame. ond sent onto Hre nebnork oncl Pickup by the bande aeviben dake Hana i Meet MANIAC. The adérens in prolocal- tells Ine mortlrine Femi Het paukets, Anis wary Soe info, wil seach ily imleceied v dertinaker, oven ipinete lard a ditech conmediion bel swowotlinns, pak + ohide Ub hanged be need 40 Hreve SD be ince Kormectivns between ratings Jo™commurdcale the ARPANET welicn ah alone lince ‘MH was originally a four node’ nebo loehoeer univetily compels of Hanbord ,- he Univectily of OTH» UCLA (Uaivertilyepcal fein 18) 2rd UCSB Cunivertily of Cabifoswa, Samba Ronbona) 8con1 ge eon ns ems on cooneavss cores font (ae a, Tt while re bandit 1s the capadhy forth speed Lgbes = 10 bIls/s — Band alain Simos = too000 aily/y " Yebps = wooo bils/g wen | Sireant of He, Tapa bordedPy D weprewdod dae where do sSpeed: Speecl refers 40 rake ab which dda canbe Inanenitiec! a HY ate He Binet Arpwalion 1 arsponed om yan ala mutts aeay ERP Ageia 8 om Na rene fe wavally aed ob sigaulon eswols mast ise is a unwarted ctidunbor oe ee ort abe Tbs 18 a wm ae Us ef : ‘ chen Seee Wyo iene tahtch lends 40 ot von Cragstedl. omdinpulse vorse. AME Aending, of kere dala packily eer qeer MIS Aypin's anewwral, Snderrnodestaon /Cevsaiolt Be Ys owed Jour nelwosk we a ¥ oo ca sis offEn camerd by network cougetlion ond home Linon nen £0.46 jourcd rrergiin in a soe hones ae TED Drenwastion :- prenvsshion means 2088 % °f oe acebebOBe Pe tegyr the oats rere soaiar te mere jl con negaoey Nhooreing exbtes or ConneckiON : ray . e due bo wonily ob doders, We an vides ond audio quality: Or voltage, oud enn occ dt 1 rolsceshie fiw Se aoe Dy Pactels a A Be eee a ~ PX packeh fa peodt end of a tanger mense ‘ee, ‘ey an Hee vrowles | : ea nee conn te hee Sees ea, ‘eget /ehvenghe ti wcaas Shan He TOTS : PAUL . Thege prukeke ane dtatn recombined by We compulers Diddoriions themvglion of ranonsiting grade atk camara 27 oy device Arab secieven Wem. undeor secedion. pevite, Wor por (Packet Meader: A packet wander 150 “lit He th a Depron HH pe Provided ipreation skewer paubeli conterIs, orn dextinahion Pa he ee ec ge oe y ET Packs connict of Ko pontine: Wve Readced the poland. a : oe ee , We Header tontoins Info obonk the padel; subh ob onigin dealiechen aa orien aiths 7 Sim Woddren ce. while ane gamlecd %s oddwal sete rine pelead 1 ocdual gala. ye riepn Lo BY Seqments » iy tre Trenpink paclocsl is TEP tne unit of, dole sent + FTo} i oumidi~ Sty Rk svy Aw “ p oy Ane - ERA ors #OU 4 HAntpak ogee cated 9 Kegwenls peeiins spromdig Ri Stark othe PDU of nebverk Layer B called 00 Packets! T op ok Rone a Seay a aes Ua beyer 3 called 20. Freenes~ 7 f x Dp Local Host (eead next ts your curr compuler, Leal Kort com ADR, Cheomete , brrorin dy be 2cen on Acer Ha ss uced an yor aun compuler: doco Hart Loc He UP Add ! 127,0,9,4. Gh Be pabe Une cod! ane pr0tens of tuning binansy dale into atime booed rfanal i, kRooun 0 Lne cod AikBake ewer connections con senal hdswery fouk. we marovre are (Bred ales Sitselerthe niche oh wks of dala Aek One fort ead R neh Ta Lebency \Tadenday madounen hewloke ne biks anit, a Loder Is dine Biame bebween dhe tending af dova co wedlauing aL stvat muy sanedgunad & ous, ire/Te "icopING BuGs HNoTES GALLERY Ceo en ecordd, roy RD fron TEP bo nekwork tayin i called segments, “By Frame :- 0 prame th off a unit of dala, UL 13 @ grolocal Dele Un a Data nk Joyes a BS ~ BSF ee fo meg a __________-4 > Taleenape gp SRR Ihe Diflhoence bel webd ay none ok athe ng cel net ts a global in At carer * ex e{er collel cenduchoss wn eet “hits ct io a, ihe gn ey AN a FS oe Een tea lin a teh NaS ee Ae taferneb is i ead ' Ne Reeder . s 83 dafrewdeucleane x Dhasetard wese | deticated cable Pe = PM preach eens white Woe tod is reel on bop of Cy: OPisead teed ear) cable bewndwith is naira rae» gee > 1 Web applicalions Scnblen Ite nd wralensc rebacdte woth CoOnial cab oom Preece ak LTTE Proluclsaeh i loaes ove TCP i sae eet. Coble. trend Ge Be OP prsinany (2° *Meonth appbiabions can either vse rep or Che ‘shaved Soe, ed Aeechater i pusaenkae: Jedi, = BeMer Neige sew ceri Galene con airmfl S wt Franomivvion Media; Pracloay Medio = + fasy.0 ncentire neh OF A Trememinion tnedia o pokh pehueen branomiHer2 Aeceiver, lal see fyperd Hnerpeerie es eB the dnannel Urvenge minid dae 73 Aeok fram one ploce CHP) Ophical Fiber Cate 1. ok wes she onc ah etledon ob Ligh Ht fe cone made UPA glass cr ladbic me cere i suetoureled sy 9 Jews ctenae glass cx plache cated cladding tins ie used Ger Jarag dronominien of Jaye velumench sata, sre care cone Unddarelienad ey Bilnederal Cid oty exh ntting (St) preset ia (OP, melcd ¢ Tl aghine Wired or Rounded Gedhanomirtien Medin, fend, ON -« iguats belag tranewited vo phi) tinke Aewvoatan te Ceream rent ) > Lured— + High Ape ex Theplon Dies speech conmely dedi ee ieee Bt oie ogee salad Lencietedy sigh cosh ea frmageehedetaenee] *ogil* Seta nee te conromue toatecial * Uned tor shorter dideree, 7 we, Cie mien ens lechomogvele Shonen ding Medecean es + ) Reteled Posy Gbse conto 2 bepavably inpulaled conductor winea eee e bundles Ava tonavens 2 > voound about eada other. several puch pairs ont Bebe. Bennett iatoso4, : Jogeter in proledive sheath. To types, sh doer a phon In ion tn : eee slevind Je thenaent hig Prequerssy went thi witleel Posy (ure)] & Shéeldeck tusirted Por . Se ree aes ant id gape SERIE cpr ans Hae eh + erihea ce rantaled capper alte. FT couening op fil hil) so baiceleeat ve green aloe abilily Lo sled inter erence ond doesn | interference 1. heuneh es “ « Ls inestin fart oobe role _. i dae eee eens a salt Jotaball ign shed Diyttet feo Dain ‘2co0NNe BUGS GNOTES GALLERY = Uted in aes telephonic. Apphiabion Vclidt Erpencive «tars 10 inahalleHighY ' settee perherance, F Gyatk siderce syoesemianon dus Jettiomaken| : Ce ———— EY Unaus : : : - GALA Mecdia + obo vrehered a0 Wirelem or Unbarided semen : TNO pluycical meckivw is yeequived " > Feakeren-+-ne Axanal is @. i ; TONE Aired 38 Arondcnclea aroun ae * Urea for Slome. erry. for age dirtonces 1 (2 Radio Weve senoy se gennval e f Sending & Pecieving ondenros nec net be aligned. sarge F 3s ~ 1G, SAME EM radios ond cordlers chores ath Podio vioves Yiniewe wanes : Sendivg onc Cecieving onlenroa need to be Prope iden, ctaneds ote cods obey a : Dioner tovertal by higeall finely proportional 30 haley 1 oBe, Je. 1 OHr=300GHe. . 4 Molaly ued for mobile plore communication & TuedivionDivtsibolie, Gi) Anbraved > + Usest for thot dittonce communiaion + Comet penehrobe orough obvtoded + Cre. Range ! 300 GMe~4OOTH: . + neck ir Remade, wsivelen mouse oe pez : —+ Hr Compakes Nebo Davies gpa Ty Hab |. works ab physical tayer ond rence ewtRLt Seuicel Phaically "elk woen “Twitlesl pony ealales to connec dewicea. stney one derigned to aranomik the packels Jo otiner appended devices withaid oMernattes any of tire thawartted pebhehs recieved, eThey Pranomit Hae ine ogi fof Hae dock Y. dodr paket 18 desing forthe device conneded or rot Tino Cakegorien :- GG) Active Hub[ Repeaters]: sbmatter Won Fre poosive Hub they prOvs PIN ‘ © Jiney negencrate concerdvote and dlengtien tht 4 der aigonls alto Jhey wegeneuate <2 ae sot bejere sersiegy do dustinnhen. Ur ibodto clled as CMPasaive Hub!- they more Like a paint contac fortre wires Jo -* 9 jo ait wear ial ekoerh mes, hove nei ede all a ee ju NOTES GALLERY Sealing ee eypate OCoDineE arin § ee 2 pot TegerPAN 51 TD anerner ub Dd 8 eather od regener on ate wag won Oe tab communieaben %0 scion ene tneiiste TEY Swidones + susttehes one + tan penetr et TBeckes in swiches one cenneded Wrovge peneirote Ha bualing 7 toh ltlp ee Tena ata pals nb 10 Weak Bealinalien devices - A gustdren doce 0 69 i js cablea . Beier doth conneded 10 orig + at i0 Jeannery oneal mac adesers: oh aelees cometied 10 BRO meee Hey sSinge Hranseaision sake wnelnsorie perenne *Swikchea Operabes Js one wae rehed: ede where desea tend rez at git dala pimulloneavslyy, a oh on Gem) 15 adesice «3 BY modern. 1. medulator “Demodulator rr) eet carel a0 4 Tompuber generated algilol 2) hte Of pain crwed a en et nally dughee medern i upier mavens, ine maaem, Sj Comma typen tn “nwsine medem, Syrunruabna, amd Anyocrrarsity Mddem Modern hands for Mod ulatos-Demodulakor device _— computer in snanabersing nla and Information aver telephone Une. ‘ ‘Dh ock a0 mod! wher. U convetts aiital colo into onal ayral amd UF oda demodilalor eshon Ur converts analog into aligled signa). 2) Galewons A Gatenor 1 nebo hadsson Mo pe imal ab aeetieg aw fe device viubsedhy tb isa sal tnbaQue binrewone whidn gave confitenakin athlingn of Hee device mordty Ine) rho a 4 1 girs Ef, Beltran ders in woukths N2.t080.1 Oy 192.168, 1.4, 28 ad a5 0 'gale’ biden Wop nebo a : fas OOS slces Head BxSuled, ahlie 20 HO DED) sePaste ae «penny ens hor nates within neloase te obse » node chdlly ak moss be “roule ee oul», hinesaahde™ end auth TD wih Rosters» Anton Sike maslem is alts Madolator mdDemodalon Wee addittoral Leadon TS wmreten comedtvlywhidais calted aa hl at hea Un elnernel POS ona hs havea soukigg Hee tetmah Teeeck aug ge od SEL tmodann Labewnel ile wine snide hobrehe “4M oe Mod wae (6 UCD ecoDING BUGS ENOTES GALLERY) Pr a2 Routers > aye ee et ® f device eae rut RUMI AAAL to a. seeclctned OBA LG we Wo LAW aaltel o Dauber, whate punters nhende ge Seth path for ae mertege Jo Soke to aanive oh te ALA Seow, seal LSENE 20 erk Soe menage aly they oth Routers ‘one welecrk Maye) devites and ane parka on ae Areas BATS sevice oy cca. Sa eel Tre parker LEC cctneatieg infgemalion dh the nebow suid heady oo ee, Ie hao, Bee ably toconnedk chitsintlan LAM on tne home ordtocd), Hionabity s— TWher eG Reuter reerlves Hre dala, detewminca AW deuticalion eases By weadion dhe header of He packtl Ones We adduens is ddewing, UE heard’ in Us outlay tobte be get know how $0 weadh tne Yowlde Hee packel- to Hhe Er WOP On the FEUFE Tne Wop todd be Hee final dertnabion or onolher ‘routes, a 1 Rouben table» vk plays @ very piuleh vole in letlng tre rouber makes F desition. Thus a voukirg Sable 1 ough to be eipdaled and complete. : The wos ehwaugh Whth o wooker Can xeceve taformakion one t- CW stoic Routing ne 0) Iefpemokien 8 ged Slo tne vou, Bobie mmanBlly, tk doce ner become 0 Kee balela out gels Prone ko ewers ao well. shatte Pouking te fealnte fo lenteat environment with enininnurn of ont or He Coukers, GY Dynamic Routing For darter environment of Dynamic Boubng Proves Ho be Fe mee solubien, the provers involues ube of, pesdtian vroukl towels, bo held commundealion, “ine penpose a) These prolotal tHe enable tne ober routers fotransier iaborielion obeut other roters. 20 Haat the oltrer awuters cain bull rates Bwn Nouba tobles. lend An - ri 7, woe J el e yetge of vadia @ ‘he trey ol nn cover Longer atateaty pea is am electronic device Hak veclelved o paral ond ve~bronmihs UE. Repeaters is woed for wsitedd medium a9 well ao wider ereaklaee, ot Repeade rs . ere mire Man DLS S ‘nl fee YW Dio ongss * gokclite Repeater © ONE Repeater / WLAN Repester SLIP Repeoser +Ortcol Repeali: — acooING BUGS ONOTES GALLERY Det Lieb ye clevice 15 primanilyy ete rercaSrey can poternes eed and ey a Jonge mehwsak storks g SSSRRCTINA Ny te Preecteank dale 300M the wokes ik Hegde {aod tee deakinaion 0008 MAC Aer, Atrndge te obype dh nebeokotuler shot preaes ses tar fame prebecal bridge retmoals Woh 928 / A teine ty 0 compakes nefworkdevice Hak bulls the connection ol ae gare eh a a ee” iflerent netus RACY and develops cemmuniccibion bo a Ao every node, However Baidge mainkain: tne Media Aer en contre 4 Cenc) addvers dablr an Aoon cw Shey dittover: nem rn hae a brilge woes olalahase to ascertain where Jo Pech tranemik ex discond | 2 Bye labs proms, e lp the frame veceived by ine badge is meant foragigmear wok aeridesit aah edt ha cent pragegeh ay oe She necelivs wridge will Hen cliscand vF- Cire a eee | ALG ESE relosarley Uf wot yorwwand ane feme foward oF. WEP! ranepenet Bride © Sounce Route Bridge Otranclahion Boidg c BB) Broutens !. Brower one tre Combinakien of batty the bre routers rthey lake up Hoe dunchianalily of the btn vehwerts devieen sewvics a0 a tridge shen femendig daky wehecey | Aehworks ond Aerving ada aoudey ushe . “ndividadd sgtlens, © ey ane Brombers eunctiors oo a filles hat allows ferne otaker aale the jocol network, and ediealt tinknowon deta FO Hine eticett ak lay es for Suetable protecaly! 1 fo nena pats, el OE tomer a mize} boil, wd non veutable probaly ete Prutalte coc Hotencs of Arideie wo mwakene ° AE NEE Ob he cerned | fe0th woubable and nen vouebhe -featinen by | Yee noner | ederceneeaion est read wie i ee Ct ond Brouteos hanale SCODING BUGS ONOTES GALL FAY = SH nen ie eae TAL Metwousle Gerd + qho brown aa nelwal, Inlelpve Cane (uhh) one rerducane devices Har comneths « computer esith Wee nelen Fis Teshaliea en tne mathe bend oe ane bakes bona for developigy a Haye connedtion biluren Centaey sata tnonated ina elecveal Aggale Gnd Joie ral Jyig_ mekoodk tate dace Can. meee sTheyy alge mange home tnpeont daar consenvion Ruedion Ty Netoot. Rrotocd 1 ichuok protects clefine o Janguagle of inahuukion Gp ceerlinn pr crnmuntsion chore are ele des ts caegkal Ranh a nalmoed compabsr annab have ane Ox were Prolocel FES. Usually fox juve Lompulets bo inbrcorneck an a network Arey must wor idenbial protecds, Aba Hmer Compuies dine ceajgned de uso multiple proboesl, pJehuedk protecok, Like HTTP, TER/IP offer 2 bral on whi much of Iemet sborcle fevegroled Seevires Digitol Neher ISDN) !- ISON ane woe Lo send ever graphical ex audio date files. If is a WAN Technology Hoa can be wocd in place of a dial up fink. Fe gunely predivid Isher speed Hron a modem and W20 He copenitity Jo pik. Lip the Line and hop UF consderchly aka faster rele OCELEE vuuuvuUUVUUUUOEG x. Af Unicack , Broadcact & Mutticast cost term aypiles tome dada (steeum of packets) bee tronamitee 3 athe meen Yrem dink $DUnicast One -to-Gne Hranomicion pants dayee of Horeatbion transfer ’s woelol when there is ponkk Jawgle sender ond Mingle recipient for sal Re aie eg Wea 8 tna nelwork wank to send She elie Mrcen( daa patkels) v0 tne device wil Pe tad in eters neko Ween onicaet eoenen Se eee a eyo of dale tanafer ever WAC relied > d > > > , > Niebwcorts B We juansfes Cone- forall) techiques con, Broadcast | Breed conti we dasenipied tato bso bypea Limited Prrced canting. Suppose you have Jo send ororn of a Te alee ave ane network. Seal you wedi, tio Bread cao Cornea andy, Car Ws Jo ouhiewr, CF ws GPperd 295-°5500 720 a Gres eat ye 30 uals o| IP oddnern Ath fot) carted an Listed Bree Ta Mee dewrinalion adders af dalogreralpaukel) heaae® which i weered Jor jnonmokion tranaler to all Ihe vecipiants brome A Derk (Lender ever o debwork), 5 : pits (JH obo « hatge*® Qoor ) ay site UD Direct Bepod coating © —rnis is vodpl where device in_gne a Tals do tvensher patkel sveasn $0 oll the Deviezo over Far nehwork. elhis ts achieved by -hanalahing oll Hie HortID ponk bik ob destinalion Mddyers 404, vetterch 00 Breck Breadcaobing, Mode fin dadogpam Header dar infprmabon teanefee - netic: Mehmet 2. a ns mode ty madaly alized bytelevinion nehvort ter video £ Audio, a eMart protocol of His aos Tn computer ebook. 1s Aeeloeas RerstutienProtocel (ARP) Hakts voed tor Reoelving 1p Adar finto physical Addvead which is neceaseny dor ontedyiay coment BImuicact + In matteoat ore/more senders ond ane/move eelpiene ponkelpadeta dala Ranofer Holle Dtbr, mTReas Lely server's alo theeain Sal ane ther stouloleel cane eles Bivccl single capita of dato 40 vorrs aval vaguest tr, 10 multicaat veguires Auppurt af Gomeatney profacals Jike@n® Grierner Grmap Managment Prolaol) Multicaark rowhieg for utr oshli Also in Classy 1P ABD rsingy CL665.D 7s neseaverk for sedhcoct gop 4a ‘SICODING BUGS NOTES GALLERY S Maphweyay elacds eo 2 Ty sion topology a 3 Ret MOREE aeserthe ey thant is i all er elements anvils, ott modes ane Eenestlecl Jo a teingle device brown a a af Compute BRC ntetemnt gee xprciliea tie ayant ane Cenkreal device Sone eee Reig Uh tes gen ieee ee Fermreled + Reauines mone cablen as Gompaire $0 ater Jopolorien Ce TORIES D8 mone vabact aa fatone in gee eth ey oy 8 befoial(n.p) SS pieareseh 9 saeulid aapate essere on a S Ie WSs mena a ae. it sMaeck Hab. bel oso comqulers, > Th He central device tell, jedhole natwcorle jails Bee fetes LMA oeinbte wan alten ener, bine eve ndhedemegh Rees to intl Dawe Vimanage amd trousle honk msect ta bone doll Areal dor REEAAL Operabing Sy Men + th Tap : ; re To EH on coroner thi Ste Patvnaat wenitations ane vara REL Mea rns © OOO tie Uiteo. Sse : Pees cont cat tinen weak esate, One Hdisotaly cenmedled Jo Vines neaen ‘ De ; be = Uke eae Re np etigtapenitg Pe SBF fee malt ereth erty wdnrve comment one tn clase Prombnilys Tea\ie compaken aa I are cake wat ety Steamed diag f = Pr eos “opelogy euler. “Uennedted 40 HSS cable. > Other anon seve Pecluncorey , bo ever, i eh ie ‘ ‘ 0 ever i, One nthe cable fs Coa Jen at connecte, FU bee alkernatice ‘pall dex aa deatinakion, TP arenas 8s Cbwwouk, topology ta which all mades a We dupes. path tor dale te veal we deat 20 0 mast coble tntow ad covtrel) cable ov bub device wank to © Pealial med topalans cn easy = s eneruanitalion median a ce wanl Fa ea ece * RES Send connmuncl Sh di MY dendiaive dala over OER Mew opsiogy RP Sona She coda Fe Sther devices aren a ol ivoire peace a st Ga. wd oa Ate dein fends ane data do al - a PPR UAAGE fer seme number oh devices, : PE 7 A ser bs te come het She adate nelwok fll, ro nodes one not connccled Je eu * CAL modes one connected Jo each Wer. = 5 p Penkiel ‘onersty Gall merh = epolegy :- mosh Fell merh ‘ Poet Bes Teralegs A Bepelogy to wehidh nodes one evaclly a “ee eple < Cy Big, eraleg fe neiabors Sesiees for temmrunieskion ponpese, PANE lepolegy ove a veck rede, and all Hae oliney node ane connected 2 ere ted founidl o widie conditions pate fox tranamitiven sont Toby vexcnonal apoy pe TO Th ts casted 0 otha sopellgy 00 Us TormaRan hike ns sina, Panne 1 All the Aton netuorks me connected Jv artiste bas. oe 22> Dees nek need ove} covtvol never So conbvod anecont- Sines MOEA HAC vahole nebo Ty aueded Lie 2 => eva AegmentS Jenown as vlogs : nelworks wohton canbe easily oi inet se tet let sere Ine roses cd esrb enebvsor deult Were is no ahect on other Zee a 2p Aegle code iy domaged, > Wee topctogy depends on She Wain bud and ge Shen tne TP Ee SB wer nehwotk., SDH network ebe. Tree wits os we ~~ 3 = eae ad ms = : # | 3 CODING BUGS CNOTES GALLERY z ‘CODING BUGS ONOTES GALLERY od Se : El hyd Aepoteny RD Lrabee topslegy ta combination. of, ditlerent tocalagies OP Senate le tepalgy ts cenmeded with afferent lopalay Aken, CODING BUGS CINOTES GALLERY ern Tnlerconreniion Model” SS _ iF beawmnes oe Hybatd ee brit tobolegy. ' { TST AtaiBes [lenelity 06 2am be topleneled ina tle ahand TOSI Medel: O51 stands ee ie fockons of pos aitgtonese : tra conceptual framevonrh uss ; a DETTE desig ey Mylo tepotegy 1s comple eee aie fe leped by Tobrerclienal Oraerivahion ~ {PF Alordondeation (\0S) in Hee seo4 1904. ah fs 0 9 Newse¥ pS conitechunt wills edn Jeayee having, Mecibe borekionabily Pe Jo perfprn. AW where 4 Jayers Or collatorradivels Jo Senor’ 2 x tre dala from ont person Jo another across ne globe i He Dil event Keo oh Netwowles, Fens Bree co RSS tered] erly a ae Tis " a 2) Ss Newco. can be divided enrthe haoid of area of clicrituon: — tnfeade 7 @ Nop\ealion lage a pgp. (o049 : wont : POE Lan (Loxat Bren Aeon) ff Orsetiten Bass ig[ Leven 4 , 4 PS? 2 a group of wets seen SAYA APRA D Servion Langer MH? mOLeF 2a aa PrP ose rae nant Net Peveate onsnerthio bos convol over ta rer,uop '@ “Thomopert layer 2 ——> ovat (Sa) + Cane . 4 evn ee ee diay sruyant Tey? Nekosok layer “|e haer |aeed nee) HOF feral eearaghical Jocation ATke opie theo! eke. oa ee ©) Date Link ex (Fe Handone Packet) [IE Man Cidetreporitah Avea letwork) aN en sony loyer nacho. (Bids £ FEE covert denger ania thon Lami such na yall tousnt ycikica ele, pets Phlet Layer: (34 spre Ga) < [3-1 tn ceonede ide ws f rants, tu 0% weve cempalers Hak rade wikia ake Raw > ct compltioy dito chin. - cH Briel, Explaralion of All wera! « a MOH MAN Hs expenaive ne Aboutd or mig nak be ened lsgone agprial iw be henane = = 1c Area nhedoverts) BHI Bibs WPhyicol layer [loyer {] < WAN Cosi AH Covers Lager nea thor Litt end MAN pudsos county, ee ane of O81 model's hoped Joyo a OTE ESTIS on Gyeiteltde eneetiuen iy wagal for wide ane, nUrwork. ey ee pr The gs a Y OS ae ee Pre phuyiced sauyer' coniatan tlarrotden i Hae Joven ab BikA. : eee are ee eee aC ded) TH penstie for suanonilioge Seated hy ee a GETS uoken yee sath ee nies NA vat al sect eon ; ‘onvtrls ok iel®) 0% and US one pend Trem Yo NPevrened Meamelwet):+ pange is Simided uplo Wotler, ceealed fo Sec sit neal coat encar ame celeste anal eras RAT USE , Generally PION Devites ane ceeneded JOWSE neketh, > anchor of Prypicad Jaxer !- < Pacts (Campus Aron webecerld) « HIS a connection ap deuicen wsitin compurcsa GHA Syatirradieahon \-ahe phoylend Sayer Toye pares the synduaoniallg 2 eR dinky Fdeperkmerdt of erganivall within dome compurd oh Wits providing, a ous this Cork controls bol Aendey- cat ond 2ECEVEY Yawk proving, syrdawonteahion ab bik Jevel, SCODING BUGS NOTES GALLERY Ve won Acdalliley Je conned device Cre NICODING BUGS ENOTES GALLERY cone ae Bota be onned ed douse mine v leek abt, tm duntlion of Hats Layer is 4 z is 4o moke Aune dela daonaler pees ng Bron nvee grom bre node bo onotiner,gver ae aaanent Pr F is wrived tae Us iar enpansii a panomik ib to Hot using i Po tere teas Wallibest lo ve Ruble eo a Matec ~_ i ical Lick Centeol (Luc ) P mai, Accens Contvol (aac) a One a 2 Revolution Protecel) request onto tne ose ebbinn wih? (Aaktee, 2 Rgger0T” ong tee destnalln uot will wey « Mi Ue tant acer >) Framing? Grams 3s efuncionoh DU We provides a wary tor a render _ do pranomit o ai biks Halahe eens full do Hae vecelver, =) “this can foe accomplished ly ostachingapedal bit pabtera, angi Me beginning ond end of tine pram’ (AkA Header d Footer) > Weiyvied Aalbers i+ Alter creaking Rae: BB DLL odds pluyticad = addrens (MAC Addvess) of, Aerder Ond/or receiver in Hoe Hendey Ss ead frame, =2 WD Brrr Control | Data Link layer provides dhe mechaniern of error conitel iA wahAdK OF defers and nthanamils damaged or Lovt fromen, Luu EICODING BUGS NOTES GALLERY ws ) ¢ fyi) helps do delearnine whith device von erie) cer Soe chore ugteny EDR "Dale tine tary vandied by We HE (eee a ee Es Wekwok eyes work toy Jt donarsicvion of ctady [peen Gar Kerk 1O—E Seb Tn Beers ent ase aale brn See Fhe modentornode delivery of tre Ue ae eaeeaee Aipgstone. noik Jo other _ Billsgical ade oa. order so identify evch device on. inkeonelae wee Wt tetceen Sashes ontten OPERA A ease GEM a toe nebwonk Jayer: Such oncataens dnbingeithes coc ok Jay one see of wt TO Be ae cacao ou) —> PThe wecelens ana nddeens ty oblained by Tae a hog Siete cease eee Ge ae ee ee The cal A Cerrupded thus, Yew cerdyeh ere in witigle deviten, Wee (AAC gab deny (9) econ Ff dala Sick laser ob a guen Heme Packels in Dado Unk layty 14 #|es9 on fomes, 2 device dives sal, Hoe mauhane * Sallds Levidge ane Data Link Lips devies Netwiark Layer (Layers) » oY * « othe axle “ban siso Pkt cane op Pua way Pe Zaledion ob chalestgath pera ag Set de peek wwe = = bres tee number 9a of, Youle ovatlate (Wap=8y- nop veoh FQ tomb s Aitn heres & Receuees IP oddversun one ered Taane meade ay aghieae Ht Ransowa of Network Laxye 1- 7 UG Hy Roukiny *-~the network Jaxer protecela clelesmine whidn rode : Suite from hource Jo deainction “wit dordion of eleleerh Inger 7S called pouks a Grdqualyy, uae nebwork Jayer aefines On edd \erting Beeme =e seks igh eer, Sate =e (MOTE): Packels in Wetwork layer is nejerved aA “ «mn Me etced tay implemented ay nebsakinn arcdeo tat ee SoS = 9 sonierd EA Feansport x fant] [ooo ree dont, Ero eae ET FRansporr lanjer prewaeo Aewiee 10 the apolicahon tayes and JekesQ Jetted rom thenehoot layer << 22 Stan tn Reape LO meyer an is a AUF ty steocgnmbhe for endcto-Bad Detiveryyetae complete msesiog eG eaten aati Pog Hake nee mage BREE od oor Woe Sle ae Ro SA TAs Hayes Veeceiven dado from Upper dAYEY anc paler aeqmeniatinnnQ) gpd, alto Tonterentt flew Keeoy conbeal, Jo ensure ‘ao oda M enh post number jn fees eae HE re eee dea UAENERIGS cont usb tote Heny Soe ne Generally wh deatintion perkno, 3 (Ong Stee ydepudl mess Wet tng fre. att tg eae ce votenert Soper Fearon UH ng Heri ceed ta tan tne yore, Moadalstaltn Ihe eee a pate tn Fp ay elas Au00 Sythe774 be, oon. Sieg Cendvaliers “tee Beton OFT aten on fut duplr. es coca with aac other in f Po lager weeds ahe pend umber feo iy Ueakey ood fovea} communication wits adh ol sean Prerrehnt Sais) SPARE Dada rolaichs TE RAD neceiveed de Use Se eae (ITA! amnglerentotion of Hest stoserell Mvens ane knawn a0 Kolhnake Sg Pte Erauencag oct dengue Ihe 6 : Bacar ee le \_Eonilisns of Remspabtager™ S dlone Ae L- : ame menage [Om fasers, . om A 2B. Renssemplyy | THis dager ace e pts unk ee | i +. Reteivd DP: 0} 7 Ant Reisen tear aks she mening into Araya Eth BY Fresontotion Layer [Loyer6] abep er — elelel Sh UNE Acgments poeduced nasa header ontou' ¥ * cl tabign Loner: ASE! Acre SSO dain a istinalen station seater he mee, Prenetaion tmger also tlle oi SaesclAWEAADEAEE: SEN onl PeSewice Mint aaa: . Gung SWE eeniagye Jo “The Bata grom Ine application Jager 15 exTractecl Heke Oo a Bey LEA) aw ender ao letvey SE erage Jo 28 ger Woe negated, female $0 heramit ove cra Ak senape Jaye aoe Hochdeo 9 gre GEERT WE nenuleed fe Sh esiticrs cated sewiee polat Aadersa, ot Perk Aodvend. Teh concep BEL Dato in Tree pest Layer is caltedd Jeamends PLaribione of Beplicokion lover. Fone cenk bayer is epoled by the Gate Paitlem It is a penta, WGneloct Virtoa! selt > TELNET = WEES a0 cemmeriaben with Woe Applied kage er mnaledag | wea WW FTAM - Ble Tramsler Access ona manane en — ETP . eee ren Rytald Sele "> Be S sate wRAF Lone 4 colleclan Head of O54 tnodel, wich igectorsy Sewvicen. > ey] Fee ory Lath LO Dizeclory, ere 3 SUNG atone D> aT? [eiTT es. cerebral Luisi exteblabwank of connec Oh Monin © Osi model ax £6 oh Leaions, ohendiolign Ord oli ernie cecum, a oe rrih (oa he te Ards, jos Peplement 2 ube -sSriecs mp ts as 0 reference Mecel and t 2 Ses ed ON Internet TCP, Jel & iene eran ae PAP Wedel % being oe A080 Gilt aie and deamicale econ a 2 Bssutuerhation ws tears aston ane cee eens, coe oda check poi dered Oy Sydow raion PowkS, inde Mae dala, 2 nehronabion Fos balpt deiderlity Ine ened, cornet Hae nomorsted propeily 1 Ond tnda of Hae monaopie ode Reb 5 Belwod We gota Jon fe ea mnel 'SCODING BUGS NOTES GALLERY be ” CODING BUGS NOTES GALLE, eee a : jag BRR eRe: a S SET CPP 9 ; : 'BCODNG BUGTONOTES GALLERY Secs ~aNedel Tre TCP/AP matel was designed ona deve a Seana Peet ehoclense(Uai\intien tin eet iy ~ oar Frvkecels 1 stands for rangenition Contaol Prot < ~ Fee Lash MOREL 9 Concise version of st medel. contevng es Bs atlelne © oases ey cseredatii ance loyert anes. - ao = © Parcess /npatication Layer a s Hotkto-Hod- Leger PranaporbLayer ae enc Layer = SH Network Acces [eink layer “Lo Oe Get tager Greens fayce fs onthe behalpoh Sender ond = Reber heeens layer en Hae bepapoy Receiver. TS HErplanation of layers! ~> EB Nehwork Access Layer PRE Eemcrend be she centinstion d Dada tise eu ohystal Soe ee grslecels oresent tn sis -2 "lence allows fer Jee phaiteol Teardbiten of bela 3 Bi Fichernet Layer (Nowork Leper) Da age peas Bit deeanes ol Sts Melwerk Layer UW dqines tne 2 ertletels wh one nee Aeaicel HOrsriNiON of Gale over (orn Protocal eciding ah Has Leger t= SIP Geterna Arlee i). Beoponsite for deliverieg eadsels trom meunce “tant ceokicedion heth toss Jeching ol Hae 1 addy onsen in Ye Headey, ? seve uerreioen ' Is4 8 Web. PI Dune One Moot meth spe memes ? cayicrne Tae, woe funnier bak IPyl 43 qo wing cia IAM inhinted, 2 MY CHE (ntened Be Weeracee Prelocel 21 is Encopresaded wilbin UP aalppca Ce oe eee PERTEIE toe prviirgs ress wilh lap abectneloal preteng iets Ne tind (Babi ris Benghudien Prideseel) Hondnone adlyes OC 0 HOHE xem @ ntion addres «ARP hon scuernl bypeo! Rewerne BED, Prony B80, Gzmbuibo AEP, Inve tae AEE, Ce 1 Bl tor fo-tort Layer “p ef Iss ayer 1S dimillon bo Tranopork Layer of, O51 model his ‘ocaponeible Fea Epd-terEnd communictshon amd Exvorfrce detivery Sein ceomunlee Ten ond Ero tree delivery. TAOF Shieds Hoe upper Layer expplicalions {soe comple ribity of tala Pyatecal Preoenks ane te ‘WBrewomiecitn Conteal frotecol ! Vis known 40 provide selinule ancl ™ Serre cenmunialion pebmeen end Sygtemt. a Perrmo Seay ond Seamentohon fa. : “Ue ais Bhad SoC vent ealaned ona controls ne flow ob colt, drome ts acetate oe due tosvch jeobines {clata, ai a + NOY eleehive protect uk navalobal overinead Inesenoeal Soetnenn endo to incwence cosh: WD Vsex Dadognaes Protec! aeaaes nok provides Bndlr feabures Le TPE This Ane go-to erubocel «if Hre application dove mcr rewire “relableae rancpork an tris very cash efpeckive . Walilee TOP ube i ener Grierted Levieol | UBPIs connethionlers. a EB Application r PTs leayer perjonws Pre functions. *4, ter Fovee Levelt Aepicablon layer, Pronenlogien ancl Semion Layer. aS especie fon pode wineie coreemiondee ed sicleaface goecilicahions 3 a calicaior lance one ATTP, aTPS, CrP, ETP , Telnek, Sstti smtp, MIP, DNS, OCP, AICS, & window, LPO, Some of Hhemane!- = CARTE and HTTPS |- hands for Hyper Test Transfer Prclecol. tt § woes! by, oll wide Web Fo sansGe communication belt web wronters = aod pavers evhite HT dd for HTP -Aecune IS a z Lom bina ty HUP with $3 (Seame Xockeh tage). rs EQ hued tye wane e We brtwsrs natch to Hil af forms, Rgnein, autherticakt mel canes loank breif Raa choes. ODES | stands for Secmestall isa ferminal emulabons 4 phone sce Telnet tag vention Seu ware preproved Beta aE ghikihy Je cainlain encrypted convection. ah Aus up a secbve SEMOA OveD ICIP comnechon. : QWNTP! stands for Mtv Tine rina ‘This woed to synchwoni eel A gn ir Compuesto one Alandend “ine Roane te very vee 2S Wn ibeaRen tthe Bask Lumecachiont, shui dimakion wilrent NTP, cox Suppose yon Landa gua Hensthon heey bee Covel seen Une Aime @ogrM hile ders seconds BC 9 FM the herve ee crethsery Rodin $8 26694 51%, ccoowa suas cnores onien® Ot model ies anct conbrets = ee

You might also like