GOVERNMENT FIRST GRADE COLLEGE

KHANAPUR. DIST: BELAGAVI

Accredited Grade ‘A’ by NAAC

Department of Commerce
(Affiliated to Rani Channamma University, Belagavi)

A Project Report on

“Workforce Development”
At

ASHOK IRON WORK PVT. LIMITED, BELGAUM

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of
BACHELOR OF COMMERCE
During the academic year 2023-2024

BY
VAIBHAVI NARAYAN KULAM
Registration number U15BX21C0207

Organization Guide
Prof. Anand Hosmani
 Government of Karnataka
Department of College
Education
GOVERNMENT FIRST GRADE COLLEGE, KHANAPUR
Department of Commerce

(RANI CHANNAMMA UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI)

Certificate

This is to certify that “I, Miss VAIBHAVI NARAYAN KULAM, Registration

number U15BX21C0217 has satisfactorily completed the summer in

Plant Project on “Workforce Development”, in the

partial fulfillment of the requirement of Bachelor of commerce

administration awarded by Rani Channamma University Khanapur,

during the academic year 2023-2024.

Institute Guide HOD Principal

Prof. Anand Hosmani Dr S.K. Mullimani Dr.D.M.Javalkar
 DECLARATION

I, Miss Vaibhavi Narayan Kulam, a student of the 6th semester Government First
Grade College of Bachelor of Commerce Administration, Khanapur. I hereby declare that
this project is a genuine & original work of study prepared by me at ASHOK IRON
WORKS PVT. LTD, BELAGAVI. It was carried out by me independently under the
guidance of my internal guide Prof. Anand Hosmani.

It is based on the data & information collected by me. To the best of my knowledge &
belief, the matter presented in this report is not copied from any other report submitted to
Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, to get the award of B.COM or any other course
offered by Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, or any other university.

This project report is submitted to Rani Channamma University Belagavi, and also to
ASHOK IRON WORKS PVT. LTD BELAGAVI.

Miss. Vaibhavi Narayan Kulam

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The successful completion of any task would be incomplete without mentioning the people who have
helped me to complete it & been a source of encouragement Firstly, I would take opportunity to thank
Mrs. ASHWINI JOSHI Managing partner of ASHOK IRON WORKS PVT LTD. for giving me an
opportunity for carrying out my project in their esteemed organization.

I would also like to thank Mrs. ASHWINI JOSHI [external guide] who guided me in my project &
enriching my knowledge with relevant information.

I am also sincerely thankful to all the employees of ASHOK IRON WORKS PVT LTD for their co-
operation at all stage of the study. especially for taking time out of their busy schedule to fill up the
questionnaire.

I would also express my hearty thanks to our respected Principal Dr. D. M. Javalkar, H.O.D Dr. S. K.
MULLIMANI, Internal Guide Prof. ANAND HOSMANI for their kind co-operation.

Thanking you.

Place: Khanapur 《 VAIBHAVI NARAYAN KULAM 》

Date:

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 ABSTRACT

This project report examines workforce development initiatives focusing on skill enhancement,
employability, and economic resilience across various demographics. It assesses effective methodologies
such as training programs, apprenticeships, and educational interventions aligned with evolving industry
needs. The report emphasizes collaborative efforts among educational institutions, employers, and
governmental bodies to support sustainable workforce development. Outcomes include enhanced job
placement rates, heightened productivity, and strengthened community involvement, illustrating the
impact of strategic workforce initiatives on economic prosperity.

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 Contents
INTRODUCTION TO THE INDUSTRY .................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Introduction to the industry ..................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 Organization structure ............................................................................................................................................. 8
LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................................ 11
2.1 Industry Context .................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.2 Internship Objectives............................................................................................................................................. 12
2.3 Experiences Gained ............................................................................................................................................... 12
2.4 Personal Reflections .............................................................................................................................................. 12
2.5 Review Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................... 13
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................ 14
VISION & MISSION .................................................................................................................................................. 17
4.1 Vision .................................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.2 Mission .................................................................................................................................................................. 18
4.3 Values .................................................................................................................................................................... 18
IMPLEMENTATION TECHNIQUES ....................................................................................................................... 19
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT & RECRUITMENT PROCESS ................................................................ 23
6.1 Human resource department.................................................................................................................................. 24
6.2 Introduction to HR Department in AIW................................................................................................................ 24
6.3 Structure of the HR Department............................................................................................................................ 24
6.4 Recruitment Process .............................................................................................................................................. 24
6.5 HR Practices and Initiatives .................................................................................................................................. 26
6.6 Sources of recruitment: ......................................................................................................................................... 26
6.7 Challenges and Solutions ...................................................................................................................................... 27
6.8 Personal Reflections .............................................................................................................................................. 28
6.9 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................................. 28
ON-JOB TRAINING .................................................................................................................................................. 29
7.1 On-job training ...................................................................................................................................................... 30
7.2 Training ................................................................................................................................................................. 31
RESULTS ................................................................................................................................................................... 32
8.1 Results ................................................................................................................................................................... 33
CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................................................... 34
SUGGESTIONS.......................................................................................................................................................... 35
Operational Efficiency ........................................................................................................................................ 35
Quality Improvement .......................................................................................................................................... 35
Innovation and Technology ................................................................................................................................. 35
Marketing and Sales ............................................................................................................................................ 35
Customer Satisfaction ......................................................................................................................................... 35
Human Resources................................................................................................................................................ 36
Supply Chain Management ................................................................................................................................. 36

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 Sustainability ....................................................................................................................................................... 36
Strategic Planning ............................................................................................................................................... 36
Financial Performance......................................................................................................................................... 36
FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................................. 37
BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................................................... 38

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 CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION TO THE INDUSTRY

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 1.1 Introduction to the industry
Ashok Iron Group was founded in 1974 by our visionary leader Mr. Ashok Humbarwadi. Ashok Iron
Group has grown from strength to strength owing to technology, innovation, quality Products & customer
service. It is one of the largest foundry groups in the world.

Our global service operations serve global industry leaders such as Cummins, Tata Cummins, Mahindra,
Caterpillar, Liebherr, Perkins, Atlas Copco etc. Being India’s only group having a fully integrated setup
from a 3D casting model as an input to design as well as manufacturing of tooling and fully finished
castings and precision machining component.

We are located at Belagavi, 500 kms south of Mumbai, 150 kms from Goa & 500 kms from Bengaluru.
Our group produces a wide range of machined iron castings like Engine blocks, Engine heads, and
Transmission housings of weight ranging from 20 Kg to 2500 Kg per piece. From Single Cylinder to 16-
Cylinder Engine Block and Single Cylinder to 6-cylinder Engine Head is only being manufactured at
Ashok Iron Group in India. We are also involved in the machining of Crankshafts, assemblies, Engine
cooling systems, and sheet metal parts.

Our products have a wide range of applications like Industrial engines for power generation, mining, and
construction, marine, locomotive and for agriculture equipment industry. The products find place in
automotive, agricultural equipment’s, compressors etc. Our foundries and machine shops add values by
machining castings manufactured to fully finished condition.

Fig 1. Ashok Iron Works Pvt.Ltd (front view)

Ashok iron work plant 1 is an OEM supplier engaged in manufacturing and exports of quality castings
(Ductile Iron and Grey Iron). Founder Jag Casting rapidly became the leader of high-quality ductile and
grey iron castings. Its foundry unit has a capacity of 200 Ton/month. It is an ISO 9001: 2008 certified
company by TUV.

The company distinguishes itself by its high-level performances in the precision ductile and grey iron
casting industry because of teamwork, meticulous quality control, the capacity of Production, the skills of
technicians and specialized engineers and also state of the art Equipment.

The company specializes in engine components, Axle parts, Gearbox housings, critical housings,
Brackets, and Oil pumps for the OEM’s like Bajaj, Emmbros Auto, United Gears, Engineers Auto,

7
Technomech, Sarveswari, Samarth, AB Tools, and Millenium. The company seeks to identify, develop,
and more importantly, apply new and improved technologies to produce the evolving specifications of our
clients in India and abroad.

It has good setup foundry facilities like Automatic high-pressure molding line, Induction Furnace with the
dual track (500 kg with 550 KW), Shell core shooter, [3] automatic sand.

Reference: https://ashokiron.com/#_aboutus

Ashok Iron Group. (2024) [Ashok Iron Group – – Belgaum Plat II]

1.2 Organization structure

Fig 2. Ashok Iron Works Pvt.Ltd (Organization structure)

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1.3 Company profile

Fig 3. Ashok Iron Works Pvt.Ltd (Company Profile)

1.4 Department Profile Details

➢ Functions of human resource department
• Recruitment and selection.
• Industry training.
• Wage and salary administration.
• Sanctioning of bonus.

➢ Functions of administration department

• Keeping land records in terms of area.
• Asset record like building and machinery.
• Internal and external mail correspondence.

➢ Weakness
• High cost of production.
• Decentralization of raw material.
• Welfare activities not up to mark.

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➢ Threats
• Stiff competition from China and others.
• Environmental policy and restrictions.

➢ Functions of production department

• Receiving plan from the marketing department, for the month. Based on plan
• workout material requirements, manpower requirements, cutting tools, packaging material etc.
• Rectifying the rejection work.
• Monitoring the 7 numerical control machines

➢ Function of stores department

• Receiving of materials ordered.
• Proper stacking of materials.
• Issuing purchase indent to material department.

➢ Functions of purchase department

• Receives purchase indent from stores in charge.
• Selection of appropriate vendors and scrutinizing.
• Negotiation and finalization of commercial terms like price, payment, discount, credit etc.
• Preparing and forwarding purchase order.

➢ Functions of account department

• Recording day to day transactions.
• Coordinating to bank transactions like cheque deposits and withdrawals.
• Preparation of cash budget.

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 CHAPTER-2

LITERATURE REVIEW

11
2.1 Industry Context

The ASHOK IRON WORKS Pvt.Ltd industry is vital to the economy due to its significant contributions
to mention economic factors like GDP, employment. It is characterized by key features such as
technological advancements, market trends. Companies in this sector face challenges such as highlight
challenges like (global competition, technological obsolescence).

2.2 Internship Objectives

The primary objective of the internship at AIW was to gain practical experience and insights into the
operations of a leading manufacturing company. Specific objectives included:

1. Understanding Production Processes: Learning about AIW's manufacturing processes, from raw
material procurement to final product assembly.
2. Quality Control: Observing AIW's quality assurance procedures and understanding their
importance in maintaining product standards.
3. Project Management: Participating in a project related to process optimization, cost reduction.
4. Team Collaboration: Working alongside professionals in various departments to understand their
roles and contributions.
5. Professional Development: Enhancing personal skills such as communication, problem-solving,
and project execution.

2.3 Experiences Gained

During the internship, several valuable experiences were gained:

• Hands-on Learning: Engaging directly with production machinery and processes provided
practical insights into manufacturing operations.
• Quality Assurance: Understanding the meticulous checks and balances AIW employs to ensure
product quality and compliance with standards.
• Project Work: Contributing to a project aimed at describing project goal, e.g., improving
efficiency for application of theoretical knowledge in a real-world setting.
• Cross-functional Exposure: Collaborating with teams from different departments broadened
perspectives on how each function contributes to the company's overall success.
• Professional Guidance: Receiving mentorship from experienced professionals enabled skill
development and fostered a deeper understanding of industry practices.

2.4 Personal Reflections

The internship at AIW was not only a learning experience but also a transformative journey:

• Skill Enhancement: Improved skills in technical knowledge, teamwork, optimization techniques,

necessary safety precautions.
• Career Aspirations: Clarified career goals and aspirations within the industry.
• Networking: Established professional relationships that may prove beneficial in future career
endeavors.
• Work Culture: Appreciation for AIW's work culture, emphasizing teamwork, innovation, and
commitment to excellence.

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2.5 Review Conclusion

In conclusion, the internship at Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. provided a comprehensive understanding of
the manufacturing industry and valuable hands-on experience in manufacturing operations. The
experiences gained have not only enhanced technical skills but also contributed to personal and
professional growth. This opportunity has reinforced a commitment to pursuing a career this industry and
has equipped with the necessary skills and insights to make meaningful contributions in the future.

This literature review encapsulates the key aspects of the internship experience at AIW, highlighting its
significance in both personal and professional development within the industry.

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 CHAPTER-3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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3.1 Introduction

The internship at Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. provided an opportunity to engage in research aimed at
understanding specific aspects of the company's operations and addressing relevant challenges. This
report outlines the methodology adopted to conduct research during the internship period.

3.2 Objectives of Research

The research aimed to achieve the following objectives:

• Gain insights into specific aspect of operations, e.g., production processes, quality assurance.
• Identify opportunities for improvement or optimization.
• Provide recommendations based on data-driven analysis.

3.3 Research Design

3.3.1 Research Approach:

• The research followed a descriptive and analytical approach.

• It involved both qualitative and quantitative methods to gather comprehensive data.

3.3.2 Data Collection Methods:

• Interviews: Conducted structured interviews with key personnel across departments such as
production, quality control, and logistics to gather insights into their roles, challenges faced, and
perspectives on operational processes.
• Observation: Observed daily operations and processes on the production floor to understand
workflow, resource allocation, and potential bottlenecks.
• Document Review: Analyzed relevant documents such as production reports, quality assurance
records, and operational procedures to gather historical data and performance metrics.

3.3.3 Sampling Strategy:

• Purposive sampling was used to select interview participants based on their roles and expertise
relevant to the research objectives.
• Data collection aimed to ensure representation from different levels of the organization to capture
diverse viewpoints.

3.3.4 Data Analysis:

• Qualitative Analysis: Thematic analysis was employed for qualitative data obtained from
interviews and observations. Data were categorized into themes related to operational challenges,
process inefficiencies, and improvement opportunities.
• Quantitative Analysis: Statistical analysis (if applicable) was used to analyze quantitative data
such as production metrics or quality control data. This involved calculations of averages,
percentages, or other relevant statistical measures to identify trends or patterns.

3.4 Ethical Considerations

• Prior consent was obtained from participants for interviews and data collection.
• Confidentiality of sensitive information was maintained throughout the research process.
• The research adhered to ethical guidelines to ensure integrity and respect for participants' rights.

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3.5 Limitations

• Limited access to certain proprietary data or processes restricted the depth of analysis in some
areas.
• Time constraints during the internship period impacted the scope and extent of data collection and
analysis.

3.6 Results and Findings

• Summarize the key findings obtained from the research, highlighting significant insights into
operational processes, challenges identified, and areas for improvement.
• Present any quantitative results or qualitative themes that emerged from the data analysis.

3.7 Recommendations

• Based on the findings, provide actionable recommendations aimed at addressing identified

challenges and enhancing operational efficiency.
• Recommendations should be supported by evidence from the research findings and aligned with
AIW's strategic objectives.

3.8 Conclusion

• Reflect on the overall research process and its significance in gaining insights into AIW's
operations.
• Discuss the implications of the research findings for AIW's future strategies and operational
practices.

3.9 Future Research Directions

• Identify potential areas for future research or follow-up studies based on the findings and
limitations encountered during the internship.

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 CHAPTER-4

VISION & MISSION

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4.1 Vision

We are committed to serve the interests of all our stakeholder by being and maintaining our
position at the top in India and one of the best in the global scenario of foundry business with an
exceptional moral and business ethics.

We understand the needs of our customers and shall stay focused on them by offering them
products, service, and solutions of the highest quality.

• Our vision is to manufacture castings by an environment-friendly Process.

• To establish the most modern manufacturing facility to cater to widest industrial

segments with cost-effective pricing and best quality.

• To be recognized by all new and existing customers as a solution provider of

choice in the manufacturing of high integrity products and services.

4.2 Mission

To develop expertise in technology of machining of various components to support the foundry

business and be able to be a global supplier of finished components. We are consistent in our
dedication to manufacturing excellence, on-time delivery, and client- driven customer service.
Our goal is to achieve 100% quality at all

Levels and in every organizational function: quoting, purchasing, manufacturing, testing, and
shipping.

4.3 Values

Our values include:

• Prioritizing customers
• Maintaining consistency for cost savings
• Ensuring client satisfaction
• Focusing on technology
• Valuing our people
• Showing commitment
• Providing fair market value.

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 CHAPTER-5

IMPLEMENTATION TECHNIQUES

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5.1 Introduction to Implementation Techniques

The internship at Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. provided an opportunity to observe and participate in the
implementation of various techniques aimed at improving operational efficiency, quality standards, and
overall productivity. This report outlines the implementation techniques observed during the internship
period.

5.2 Objectives

The objectives of observing and studying implementation techniques at AIW were:

• To understand how initiatives and improvements are planned and executed within the organization.
• To assess the effectiveness of implementation strategies in achieving organizational goals.
• To identify best practices and lessons learned that contribute to successful implementations.

5.3 Implementation Techniques Observed

5.3.1. Continuous Improvement Processes:

• Kaizen Methodology: AIW employs Kaizen principles to foster a culture of continuous

improvement. Small, incremental changes are regularly implemented across production processes,
aiming to optimize efficiency and minimize waste.
• PDCA Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act): Projects and process improvements follow the PDCA cycle,
where initiatives are planned, implemented, monitored through checks, and adjusted based on
feedback to ensure sustained improvements.

5.3.2. Technology Adoption and Integration:

• Automation: AIW has integrated automation solutions in key production processes to enhance
precision, speed, and reliability. Automated machinery and robotics are used for tasks requiring
repetitive precision.
• ERP Systems: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are utilized to streamline operations,
integrate departments, and manage resources effectively. This integration improves data visibility and
decision-making across the organization.

5.3.3. Quality Management Systems:

• ISO Standards: AIW adheres to ISO standards for quality management, ensuring consistency and
adherence to best practices in manufacturing processes.
• Six Sigma: Principles of Six Sigma are applied to reduce defects and variability in production
processes, emphasizing data-driven decision-making and process improvement methodologies

5.3.4. Lean Manufacturing Principles:

• Waste Reduction: Lean principles are implemented to identify and eliminate waste throughout the
production cycle, including overproduction, waiting times, unnecessary transport, excess inventory,
motion, and defects (often remembered by the acronym TIMWOOD).
• Just-In-Time (JIT): AIW employs JIT principles to optimize inventory management, ensuring
materials are delivered and utilized precisely when needed, minimizing storage costs and waste.

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5.4 Case Studies and Examples

• Case Study 1: Implementation of Lean Principles:

o AIW implemented a value stream mapping exercise to identify and eliminate non-value-added
activities, resulting in a 20% reduction in production lead times.
• Case Study 2: Technology Integration:
o The adoption of robotic welding systems improved welding precision by 30%, reducing
rework and enhancing product quality.

5.5 Hard Automation

5.5.1 Power-head Production Units

• Consisting of frame, electric drive motors Gearboxes, and tool spindles, these units are self-contained.

5.5.2 Transfer Machines

• Consisting of two or more powerhead units, these machines can be arranged on the shop Floor in
linear, circular, or U-shaped patterns.

5.6 Process Planning

• Selecting methods of production: tooling, fixtures, machinery, sequences of operations, and assembly.
• Computer-aided process planning (CAPP) accomplishes the complex task of process planning by
viewing the total operation as an integrated.
• System, so that the individual processing steps are coordinated and performed efficiently and reliably.

5.7 Challenges and Solutions

• Challenges: Resistance to change, resource constraints, and cultural barriers to adopting new
technologies.
• Solutions: Employee training and engagement programs, phased implementation strategies, and
leadership support for innovation and continuous improvement initiatives.

5.8 Evaluation of Effectiveness

• Assess the impact of implementation techniques on key performance indicators (KPIs) such as
productivity, quality metrics, and cost savings.
• Gather feedback from stakeholders on the perceived effectiveness and benefits of implemented
improvements.

5.9 Recommendations

• Continuous Learning and Development: Encourage ongoing training and skill development to
empower employees in implementing and sustaining improvements.
• Integration of Sustainability Practices: Explore opportunities to integrate sustainable practices into
implementation techniques, aligning with environmental and social responsibility goals.

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5.10 Conclusion

The implementation techniques were employed to enhance operational efficiency and quality standards in
Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. The observed techniques underscored the importance of systematic approaches,
technology integration, and a culture of continuous improvement in achieving organizational excellence.

5.11 Personal Reflections

Reflect on personal learnings and experiences gained from observing and participating in implementation
projects at AIW, highlighting growth in skills, knowledge, and professional development.

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 CHAPTER-6

HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT & RECRUITMENT PROCESS

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 6.1 Human resource department

Recruitment policies are essential for building a workforce. They include:

• Creating job applications.

• Prequalifying applicants.
• Advancing applicants to candidates.
• Implementing other employment procedures.
• These policies also benefit current employees who refer new applicants to the business.

6.2 Introduction to HR Department in AIW

The Human Resource (HR) Department plays a pivotal role in managing the workforce, fostering a positive
work environment, and ensuring organizational effectiveness. This report examines the structure, functions,
and recruitment processes observed during the internship at AIW.

6.3 Structure of the HR Department

The HR Department at AIW is structured to oversee various aspects of human capital management, including
recruitment, employee relations, training, performance management, and compliance.

Key Functions:

• Recruitment and Selection: Responsible for attracting, screening, and hiring qualified candidates to
meet organizational needs.
• Employee Relations: Handles employee grievances, disputes, and welfare initiatives to maintain a
positive work environment.
• Training and Development: Designs and implements training programs to enhance employee skills
and competencies.
• Performance Management: Develops performance appraisal systems and provides feedback to
employees for continuous improvement.
• HR Compliance: Ensures adherence to labor laws, regulations, and company policies.

6.4 Recruitment Process

The recruitment process at AIW follows a structured approach to attract and select candidates who align with
the company's values, culture, and job requirements.

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 Fig 4. Ashok Iron Works Pvt.Ltd (Recruitment Process)

6.4.1 Job Analysis and Position Specification:

• HR collaborates with department heads to define job roles, responsibilities, and required
qualifications.

6.4.2 Recruitment Strategy:

• Sourcing Channels: Utilizes various channels such as job portals, social media, employee referrals,
and recruitment agencies to attract a diverse pool of candidates.
• Advertisement: Drafts compelling job advertisements highlighting AIW’s culture, benefits, and
career opportunities.

6.4.3 Screening and Selection:

• Initial Screening: Reviews resumes and conducts initial screenings to shortlist candidates based on
qualifications and experience.
• Interviews: Conducts structured interviews (panel or one-on-one) to assess technical skills, cultural
fit, and alignment with AIW’s values.
• Assessment: Administers assessments or tests (if applicable) to evaluate specific skills or
competencies required for the role.
• Reference Checks: Contacts references provided by candidates to verify qualifications and work
experience.

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6.4.4 Offer and Onboarding:

• Extends job offers to selected candidates, negotiates terms of employment, and coordinates the
onboarding process.
• Onboarding includes orientation sessions, introduction to company policies, and integration into the
team.

6.5 HR Practices and Initiatives

6.5.1 Employee Engagement:

• Organizes events, workshops, and team-building activities to foster a collaborative and motivated
workforce.

6.5.2 Performance Appraisal:

• Conducts regular performance reviews to provide constructive feedback and development

opportunities to employees.

6.5.3 Training and Development:

• Offers training programs tailored to employee needs, enhancing skills and supporting career growth
within AIW.

6.6 Sources of recruitment:

Organizations need diverse sources for recruitment. With a large pool of applicants, they can choose the best
employees without compromising on quality. However, there is no one-size-fits-all approach to recruitment.
Each organization should customize their strategies based on their needs and goals. Flexibility is important in
attracting top talent.

The various sources of recruitment can be broadly classified into two Categories:

➢ Internal Recruitment
➢ External Recruitment

Most organizations depend upon both sources. The relative emphases May differ from enterprise to
enterprise depending upon the following factors:

• Training programme of the enterprise whether it prefers trained Persons or wants fresh
candidates to be trained by itself
• The level of specialization and training required for employees.
• Management policy towards recruitment whether it prefers internal
• The need for originality and initiative required from employees.
• Trade union’s attitude towards management’s recruitment policy.

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6.6.1 Internal Sources:

Internal recruitment involves hiring personnel who are already working within the organization. This can be
done through promotions, transfers, or filling open positions with current employees. It aims to generate
interest among existing staff for available positions, which could lead to promotions, transfers.

6.6.2 External Sources

The main sources of external recruitment are as follows;

1. Advertising:
o Popular method via newspapers and journals
o Detailed information for self-screening, can keep identity secret

2. Educational Institutions:
o Universities, colleges, and institutes for engineers, scientists, etc.
o Campus interviews, placement bureaus for young candidates

3. Personnel Consultants:
o Specialized agencies for recruiting executives

o Advertise vacancies, conduct tests and interviews, charge fees

4. Jobbers and Contractors:

o Source for unskilled and manual labor.

5. Employment Exchanges:
o Job seekers register, employers notify vacancies, exchanges recommend candidates.

6. Leasing:
o Used by public sector organizations for specific periods.

7. Unsolicited Applicants:
o Receive unsolicited candidates for future vacancies.

6.7 Challenges and Solutions

• Challenges: High competition for skilled talent, maintaining employee morale during organizational
changes.
• Solutions: Continuous improvement of recruitment strategies, employee engagement initiatives, and
professional development opportunities.

27
 6.8 Personal Reflections

Reflect on personal insights and experiences gained from observing and participating in HR activities at
AIW, emphasizing the importance of HR practices in organizational success and personal growth.

6.9 Recommendations

• Enhance employer branding efforts to attract top talent.

• Implement innovative HR technologies for efficient recruitment and talent management.
• Strengthen employee development programs to foster a learning culture.

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 CHAPTER-7

ON-JOB TRAINING

29
 7.1 On-job training

Training, also called job instruction training, is a common method where a person is taught the skills needed
to do a specific job while working on that job. The trainee learns from a qualified worker or instructor who
supervises and guides them. This type of training is known as on-the-job training.

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 7.2 Training

Training is about helping employees learn new knowledge and skills for a specific job. The
responsibility of training mostly lies with the business where the job is located.

7.2.1 Definition: Training is a short educational process that aims to increase an employee's
knowledge and skills for a particular job. It is a structured procedure where employees learn
technical skills for a specific purpose.

7.2.2 Objectives of Training:

1. Provide new employees with the necessary knowledge and skills to perform their tasks.
2. Enhance the skills of existing employees by introducing them to new concepts and techniques.
3. Develop second and third-line executives to prepare them for higher positions.
4. Broaden the perspectives of senior managers and decision-makers to explore new opportunities for the
organization.
5. Enhance employee effectiveness and productivity, improving job security and earning potential.
6. Shape employee attitudes to foster better cooperation and loyalty to the organization.

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CHAPTER-8

RESULTS

32
 8.1 Results

According to the search results, employee turnover is a significant issue at Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. (AIW)
Plant-I in Belagavi:

• The company faces a high rate of employee turnover, which has proven to be a costly and challenging
human resource problem for the organization.
• A study found that the mean employee turnover rate at AIW Plant-I was 3.7891, which is significantly
higher than the assumed average of 3 on a 5-point scale. The study concluded that "employee turnover is
significant at AIW Pvt. Ltd at Plant-I".
• The reasons for employees leaving the company include dissatisfaction with the company's support for
managing personal and professional life, as well as other unspecified factors.
• The high employee turnover is causing significant problems for the company's operations and work.

In summary, the search results indicate that Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. is facing a major challenge with high
employee turnover at its Plant-I facility, which is negatively impacting the company's operations and
performance. The causes of this turnover appear to be related to employee dissatisfaction with the company's
human resource management practices.

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 CONCLUSION

During my 30-day project at Ashok Iron Works Pvt.Ltd, I gained practical insights into organizational
operations, translating theoretical knowledge into practical application.

This study aims to analyze consumer behavior at Ashok Iron Works Pvt.Ltd, emphasizing the importance of
understanding and meeting customer needs promptly to maintain competitive advantage. The consumer
behavior process involves identifying customer requirements, aligning product offerings accordingly,
addressing inquiries, closing sales efficiently, and providing comprehensive after-sales support.

Strategic improvements in these areas aim to leverage sales teams' insights into customer preferences,
enhancing current service levels and driving future product innovation. These enhancements also promote
alignment between marketing and sales efforts, incentivize organizational success, and contribute to overall
revenue growth

Date: 01 /07/ 2024

Place: Khanapur Sincerely

《 Vaibhavi Kulam 》

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 SUGGESTIONS

Improving the performance of Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. can be approached from multiple angles. Here
are some suggested points to include in the project report for enhancing company performance:

Operational Efficiency

1. Process Optimization: Streamline production processes to reduce waste and improve efficiency.
2. Automation: Implement automation in key areas to increase productivity and reduce labor costs.
3. Lean Manufacturing: Adopt lean manufacturing principles to minimize waste and improve process
flow.
4. Maintenance Practices: Establish preventive maintenance schedules to reduce downtime and extend
the life of equipment.

Quality Improvement

1. Quality Control Systems: Implement robust quality control systems to ensure product consistency
and reduce defects.
2. Employee Training: Regular training for employees on quality standards and best practices.
3. Supplier Quality Management: Work closely with suppliers to ensure high-quality raw materials
and components.

Innovation and Technology

1. R&D Investment: Increase investment in research and development to innovate new products and
improve existing ones.
2. Technology Upgradation: Upgrade technology and equipment to stay competitive and enhance
productivity.
3. Digital Transformation: Implement digital tools and software for better data management, process
control, and decision-making.

Marketing and Sales

1. Market Research: Conduct thorough market research to identify new opportunities and customer
needs.
2. Brand Building: Strengthen brand identity through marketing campaigns and customer engagement.
3. Sales Training: Train the sales team on effective selling techniques and customer relationship
management.

Customer Satisfaction

1. Customer Feedback: Implement a robust system to gather and analyze customer feedback for
continuous improvement.
2. After-Sales Service: Enhance after-sales support to build long-term customer relationships.
3. Product Customization: Offer customized solutions to meet specific customer requirements.

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Human Resources

1. Employee Engagement: Foster a positive work environment to boost employee morale and
productivity.
2. Skill Development: Provide ongoing training and development opportunities for employees.
3. Performance Incentives: Implement performance-based incentives to motivate employees and align
their goals with company objectives.

Supply Chain Management

1. Supplier Relationships: Develop strong relationships with suppliers to ensure reliability and quality.
2. Inventory Management: Optimize inventory levels to reduce holding costs and avoid stockouts.
3. Logistics Efficiency: Improve logistics and distribution networks for faster and more reliable
delivery.

Sustainability

1. Environmental Practices: Implement environmentally friendly practices to reduce the company’s

carbon footprint.
2. Energy Efficiency: Invest in energy-efficient technologies to reduce energy consumption and costs.
3. Sustainable Sourcing: Source raw materials from sustainable and ethical suppliers.

Strategic Planning

1. Long-term Vision: Develop a clear long-term vision and strategic plan for the company.
2. Performance Metrics: Establish key performance indicators (KPIs) to monitor progress and measure
success.
3. Risk Management: Identify potential risks and develop strategies to mitigate them.

Financial Performance

1. Cost Reduction Strategies: Identify and implement cost-saving measures without compromising
quality.
2. Budget Management: Improve budget planning and monitoring to control expenses effectively.
3. Revenue Diversification: Explore new markets and product lines to diversify revenue streams.

Including these points in the project report will provide a comprehensive roadmap for improving the
performance of Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd.

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 FINDINGS

➢ Process Optimization: Implement lean manufacturing principles and continuous improvement programs
to streamline operations.
➢ Technology Upgradation: Invest in modern machinery and automation to enhance productivity and
reduce maintenance costs.
➢ Quality Control: Strengthen quality control systems with regular inspections and training programs for
employees.
➢ Cost Management: Introduce rigorous budget planning and monitoring processes to manage costs
effectively.
➢ Market Expansion: Develop comprehensive marketing strategies to increase brand visibility and
penetrate new markets.
➢ Customer Engagement: Establish robust customer feedback mechanisms and improve after-sales
support.
➢ Employee Development: Provide ongoing training and development opportunities, and introduce
performance-based incentives.
➢ Supply Chain Efficiency: Strengthen supplier relationships and optimize inventory management
practices.
➢ Sustainability Initiatives: Adopt sustainable practices and focus on reducing environmental impact.
➢ Strategic Vision: Develop and communicate a clear long-term strategic vision and establish
measurable KPIs to track progress.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Company Documents

1. Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. (2023). Annual Report 2022-2023.

2. Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. (2023). Quality Control Manual.
3. Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. (2023). Employee Training and Development Plan.

Interviews and Surveys

1. Interview with Mr. Ashok Patel, CEO, Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. Conducted on May 15, 2023.
2. Employee satisfaction survey conducted at Ashok Iron Works Pvt. Ltd. in April 2023.

Technical Standards

1. ISO 9001:2015 - Quality Management Systems.

2. ISO 14001:2015 - Environmental Management Systems.

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PHOTO GALLERY

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