Model Questions

Module- I (Oscillations)
1. Define simple harmonic motion and set up the differential equation for it. Solve the
equation. What are the characteristics of SHM? Define phase. Prove the principle of
conservation of energy in this case.
2. Derive the expression for total energy of a simple harmonic oscillator and show that it
is constant and proportional to the square of the amplitude. Also, plot kinetic energy,
potential energy.
3. A cubical block of side L cm and density d is floating in a water of density ρ (ρ>d).
The block is slightly depressed and released. Show that it will execute SHM and
hence determine the frequency of oscillation. Or Show that the motion of a body
floating in a liquid is SHM. Hence find its time period.
4. Find the time period for oscillation of liquid in a U-tube of length L.
5. Establish the differential equation and hence find out the time period of oscillation for
a simple harmonic oscillator.
6. Write down the differential equation of a series L-C circuit and hence establish the
expression for time period.
7. What do you mean by damped harmonic oscillation? Establish the differential
equation for the damped harmonic oscillator and explain each term.
8. Define the following terms in connection with the damped simple harmonic motion of
a particle: (a) relaxation time (b) logarithmic decrement, and (c) quality factor..
9. Explain the meaning of relaxation time and quality factor of damped oscillatory
system. How are they related?
10. Define logarithmic decrement and relaxation time. Find the relation between them.
11. Give a graphical comparison among underdamped, overdamped and critically
damped harmonic motion.
12. Define damped vibration. Write down the equation for damped vibration explaining
each term. Write down the necessary condition for the damped motion for three
different cases
13. Solve the equation for light damping and prove that the amplitude of vibration
decreases exponentially with time
14. What do you mean by forced vibration? Write the differential equation of a forced
harmonic oscillator and explain each term. Write down the differential equation of a
series L-C-R circuit driven by a sinusoidal voltage. Identify the natural frequency of
the circuit.
15. What is the electromechanical analogy between a mechanical oscillator and an
electrical circuit?
16. What is resonance? Establish the condition of amplitude of resonance and velocity
resonance for a mechanical system and Draw the graphs of displacement amplitude
and velocity amplitude against the frequency of the sinusoidal force driving a
mechanical oscillator for different values of damping
17. Define quality factor (Q) and sharpness of resonance (Sr). Write down the relation
between them.

Numerical Problems
1. The displacement of any particle at any instant t is given by x = 3 cos �t + 4 sin �t.
Show that the motion is simple harmonic. What is the amplitude of this oscillation?
Show that its kinetic energy oscillated with angular frequency 2�.
2. Calculate the time period of the liquid column of length L in a U-tube, if it is
depressed in one arm by y, is the density of the liquid and is the cross-sectional
area of the arm of the U-tube.
3. A cubical block of side L cm and density d is floating in a water of density ρ (ρ>d). The
block is slightly depressed and released. Show that it will execute SHM and hence determine
the frequency of oscillation

4. Calculate the displacement to amplitude ratio for a SHM when the kinetic energy is
90% of the total energy.
5. The displacement equation of a simple harmonic oscillator is given by x =
10 sin (100t + π/6) cm. What will be the frequency of oscillation and epoch?
6. A particle is executing SHM. At an instant of time its displacement is 12 cm and
velocity is 5 cm/sec, when displacement is 5 cm velocity is 12 cm/sec. Calculate the
amplitude, frequency and time period.
7. Calculate the value of frequency (in Hz) of L-C oscillation with L = 100 mH and
C= 50μF.
8. An AC voltage is applied to a series resonant circuit with resistance R = 10 ohms,
inductance L = 10 mH and capacitance C = 1mF. Calculate the natural frequency of
the circuit.
9. In a series LCR circuit driven by a dc source of emf, the values of L = 1 mH, C = 5
mF and R = 0.5 ohm. Calculate the frequency, the relaxation time and Q-factor of the
circuit.
10. A mass of 0.01 Kg is acted upon by a restoring force of 0.01 N/m and a restoring
force of 2 × 10−3 Ns m−1 . Find out whether the motion is oscillatory or non
oscillatory. Find the resisting force per unit velocity which will make the motion
critically damped.
11. A vibrator mass 10 gm is acted on by a restoring force of 5 dyne/cm and a
damping force 2dyne-sec/cm. Find whether the motion is overdamped or oscillatory
Model Class-test-1 paper

HALDIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(An Autonomous Institution)
First Class Test (CT-1)
B.Tech First Year, First Semester (Even), 2021-2022
Paper Name: PHYSICS-I Paper Code: BS PH 201

CO’s CO1 CO2 CO3 CO4 CO5 CO6

Ques Nos. 1 2 4 3 5

Answer all questions

1. Establish the differential equation of forced vibration explaining all terms. Define
Kinetic Energy resonance and deduce the condition for it.
2+3

2. The displacement equation of a simple harmonic oscillator is given by x =

10 sin (100t + π/6) cm. What will be the amplitude, frequency of oscillation and
epoch. Explain mathematically the energy conservation for the simple harmonic
oscillator. 3+2

3. A particle is undergoing simple harmonic motion with amplitude 10 cm. The

maximum velocity it achieves is 1m/s. Find the time it takes to reach from the mean
position to half the amplitude.
5

4. What is decay constant (or relaxation time)? How does it vary with damping
coefficient?
2
+3

5. Calculate the time period of the liquid column of length l in a U-tube, if it is

depressed in one arm by x, d is the density and A is the cross-sectional area of the arm
of the U-tube. 5