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Segmentation in Operating Systems

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118 views8 pages

Segmentation in Operating Systems

Uploaded by

sana.tabassum2104
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Segmentation in

Operating Systems
In this presentation, we'll explore the concept of segmentation in operating
systems, why it's used, and how it's implemented. We'll also cover the
advantages and disadvantages of segmentation and how it's used in modern
OSes.

presented by:

Sana Shaik (23VE1A66J3)

AIML-IIC.
What is Segmentation?
1 Logical Memory 2 Improved
Division Efficiency
Segmentation is a memory This allows the operating
management technique that system to load and execute
divides a computer's logical programs more efficiently by
address space into variable- only bringing in the necessary
sized segments. portions of code and data.
Motivation for Segmentation
Addressing Limits Isolated Execution
Early computers had limited physical memory, so segmentation Segmentation also provides a way to isolate programs and
helped overcome the addressing constraints of small address protect the operating system by restricting access to specified
spaces. memory regions.
Logical vs. Physical
Address Space
Logical Address Physical Address
Space Space
The address space visible to a The actual memory locations in
program, divided into variable- the computer's hardware,
sized segments. managed by the operating
system.
Implementing
Segmentation
1 Segment Registers
The CPU maintains segment registers that hold the base
address and limit of each segment.

2 Address Translation
The CPU translates logical addresses into physical addresses
using the segment information.

3 Memory Protection
Segmentation allows the OS to protect memory by restricting
access to specific segments.
Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages Disadvantages
Improved memory utilization, program isolation, and protection Increased complexity in address translation, potential for
against memory access violations. external fragmentation, and overhead of managing variable-
sized segments.
Segmentation in Modern
OSes

Windows
Windows uses a hybrid memory management approach, combining
segmentation and paging.

Linux
Linux primarily uses paging, but still retains some segmentation features for
compatibility.

macOS
macOS, based on the BSD Unix kernel, also relies primarily on paging rather
than segmentation.
Key Takeaways
Memory Advantages and
Management Challenges
Segmentation is a fundamental Segmentation offers benefits
memory management like improved memory
technique that divides the utilization and protection, but
logical address space into also introduces complexities
variable-sized segments. and potential drawbacks.

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