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Force and Laws of Motion

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20 views13 pages

Force and Laws of Motion

Uploaded by

vedaharshitha1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Force and laws of motion

Q:1. when an object experiences a net zero external


unbalanced force, in accordance with seconds law of
motion its acceleration is zero.
If the object was initially in a state of motion,
then in accordance with the first law of motion, the
object will continue to move in same direction with
some speed unless compelled to change the state of
motion by an applied force.

Q:2. Initially the carpet and dust particles are at rest.


When the carpet is beaten, it is suddenly set into
motion. The dust particles tend to remain at rest due
to the inertia of rest therefore dust comes out of it.
Q:3. when a speeding bus breaks suddenly, the
luggage continues moving forward because of inertia
of motion and is likely to fall off the bus.
Conversely, if a stationary bus accelerates
suddenly the luggage continues in the same state
because of interia of rest and hence is left behind
relative to bus such that it falls backward to avoid
the falling of luggage, it is tied with a rope.

Q:5.
Given distance travelled by the truck (S)= 400m
Time =20sec
Mass of the truck = 7000kg
Initial velocity(u) =0m/s
Find acceleration (a) = ⁇
Find force (F) = ⁇
i)From second equation of motion:
1
𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
1
400 = 0 × 𝑡 + 𝑎(202 )
2
1
400 = 𝑎(400)
2
a= 2m/s2

ii) v=u+at
v=0+2X20
v=40 m/s
iii) from Newton’s second law of motion:
F=ma
F= 7000x2
F=14000N
Thus, force acting on the truck is 1400N.
Q:6. Given mass of the stone = 1kg
Initial velocity (u) =20m/s
Final velocity (v) =0m/s
Distance travelled by stone (s)=50m
Force of friction (F) =⁇
From the third equation of motion:
v2=u2+2as
0= (20)2+2xax50
0=400+2ax50
−400
𝑎=
100
a =-4 m/s2
from Newton’s second law of motion F=ma
F= 1kg x( – 4 )m/s2
Thus, the force of friction between the stone and ice
is F= -4m/s2
Q:7.
Net force=force exerted by engine-frictional force
= 40000N – 5000N =35,000N

(b) Acceleration of train (a) = ⁇


F=ma
𝐹
𝑎=
𝑚
35000𝑁
𝑎=
8000𝑘𝑔+10000𝑘𝑔

35000𝑁
𝑎= = 1.944 𝑚/𝑠 2
18000𝑘𝑔
(c) mass of wagon 2 (m) = (2000 x4)
= 8000 kg
Force on wagon “2” by wagon “1” (F1) = ma
= 8000 x1.94
F1= 15520N
Q:10. A force of 200N is applied in the forward
direction. Thus, from Newton’s third law of motion,
an equal amount of force will act in the opposite
direction. Hence , a frictional force of 200 N is
exerted on the cabinet.

Q:11. Mass of the object m1=m2=1.5kg


Velocity of first object v1= 2.5m/s
Velocity of second object v2 = 2.5m/s
According to Law of conservation momentum :
m1 u1+m2 u2 = m1v1+m2v2
Before collision :
Momentum before collision= m1 u1+m2 u2
=1.5(2.5)+1.5(-2.5)
=0
After collision :
Let “v” be the velocity of the object after collision
Momentum after collision = m1 v1+m2 v2
=1.5(v)+1.5(v)
= 3V
From conservation of momentum:
m1 u1+m2 u2 = m1v1+m2v2
0= 3V
V=0
Q:12. Two equal and opposite forces cancel each
other if they act on the same body.
According to the third law of motion action and
reaction forces are equal and opposite but they both
act on different bodies. Hence, they can’t cancel
each other.
When we push a massive truck, then the force
applied on the truck is not sufficient to overcome the
force of friction between the tyres of the truck and
ground. Hence the truck does not move. The truck
will move only if the force applied on it is greater
than frictional force.

Q:13. Mass of ball (m) = 200g=0.2kg


Initial velocity of ball (u1)= 10m/s
Final velocity of ball (v2) = 5m/s
Initial momentum of ball =mu1=0.2x10= 2Ns
Final momentum of ball =mv2= 0.2x(-5) =-1 Ns
Change in momentum = final momentum - initial
momentum
Therefore , Change in momentum =-1-2=-3Ns

Q:14. Mass of bullet (m) =10g =0.01kg


Initial velocity of bullet (u) = 1.20 m/s
Final velocity of bullet (v) =0
Time = 0.03 sec
Find Acceleration on bullet (a)= ⁇
Force acting on bullet (F) =⁇
Distance penetrated by bullet(s) =⁇
i) we know, v=u+at
0=150+a(0.03)
-a=150/0.03= -5000m/s2
1
ii) we know , 𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
1
𝑠 = 0 × 0.03 + (−5000)(0.03)2
2

S = 4.5- 2.25 = 2.25m


iii) from Newton’s second law F= ma
force acting on bullet (F) = 0.01x(-5000)
= -50N

Q:15. Given mass of object (m1) =1 kg


Initial velocity(u1) =10 m/s
Mass of wooden block (m2) =5kg
Initial velocity (u2)=0
Before collision:-
Momentum before collision = m1 u1+m2 u2
=1x 10+5x0
=10kgm/s
After collision:-
Let velocity of combined object after collision =v
Momentum after collision= m1v1+m2v2
=1(v)+5(v)
=6v
From law of conservation of momentum:
m1 u1+m2 u2 = m1v1+m2v2
10= 6v
V=6/10 =0.6 m/s
Q:16. Here, mass of the object (m) =100kg
Initial velocity (u) = 5m/s
Final velocity (v) =8m/s
Time velocity (t)=6s
Initial momentum =mu=100kg x 5m/s
=500kgm/s
Final momentum =mv =100kg x 8m/s
=800kgm/s
The magnitude of the force exerted on the body is
∆𝑃
F=
∆𝑡
𝑚(𝑣−𝑢)
=
𝑡
100(8−5)
=
6

F= 300/6=50N
Q:17. kiran’s suggestion is wrong because the mass
of insect is very small and velocity of insect will be
same as that of motor car after collision, hence
change in momentum of insect cannot be greater
than that of a motor car. Akhtar’s statement is also
wrong because the force is not due to larger velocity
it is due to change in momentum.

Q:18. Given mass of dumb bell (m) =10kg


Height (s) = 80 cm
= 80/100m=0.8 m
Acceleration (a) =10m/s2
Initial velocity (u) = 0
We know v2 –u2 =2as
v2 = u2 +2as
v2 = 0+2 x10 x0.8
v2 =16
v= 4m/s
The momentum transferred to the floor(p) =mv
=10 kg x 4 m/s
P=40kgm/s

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