Functions Representations

Chapter 1. Functions D.
There are cellular phone owners who use

Lesson 1. Representing Functions more than one SIM card. Therefore, the rule
which assigns to each cellular phone unit its
A relation is any set of ordered pairs. The set phone number is a mere relation.
of all first components of the ordered pairs is E. Each province has one capital city. Thus, the
called the domain of the relation, and the set of rule for assigning a capital city to each province
all second components is called the range. is a function.
A function is a relation or rule of
correspondence such that each element in the
domain corresponds to exactly one element in Example 3: Which of the following mapping
the range. diagrams represent functions?
Example 1: Which of the following relations are

functions?
A = {(1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5)}
B = {(3,3), (4,4), (5,5), (6,6)}
C = {(1,0), (0, 1, (-1,0), (0,-1)}
D = {(a,b), (b, c), (c,d), (a,d)}
Solution 1:
The relations A and B are functions because
each element in the domain corresponds to a
unique element in the range. Meanwhile,
relations C and D are not functions because
they contain ordered pairs with the same
domain
[C = (0,1) and (0,-1), D = (a,b) and (a,d)].
Example 2: Given some real-life relationships,

identify those which are functions and those
which are mere relations.
A. The rule which assigns to each person the Solution 3:
name of his aunt. The relations A and C are functions because
B. The rule which assigns to each person the each element in the domain corresponds to a
name of his father. unique element in the range. However, B is a
C. The rule which assigns a chemical element mere relation/not function because there is a
to its chemical symbol. domain which corresponds to more than one
D. The rule which assigns to each cellular range.
phone unit to its phone
number.
E. The rule which assigns a capital city to each Vertical Line Test
province.
Solution 2: A relation between two sets of numbers can be

A. There are persons who have more than one illustrated by graph in the Cartesian Plane, and
aunt. Thus, the rule which assigns to each that a function passes the vertical line test.
person the name of his aunt is mere a relation. A graph of a relation is a function if any vertical
B. Every person has one father. Thus, the rule line drawn passing through the graph intersects
which assigns to each person the name of his it at exactly one point.
father is a function.
C. To each chemical element, a unique
chemical symbol is assigned. No chemical
element has more than one chemical symbol.
Thus, this relationship is a function.
Example 4: Which of the following can be the B. After 1 hour, the concentration of pollutants
graphs of function? is (5)*(0.90). After 2 hours, it is
this value times 0.90 or ¿ . In general, after t
hours, the concentration is C (t)=(5)(0.90)t mg
per liter of water.
C. The length and width of the box are 10−2 x
and 8−2 x , respectively. Its
height is x . Thus, the volume of the box can be
represented by the function
2 3
V ( x )=( 10−2 x)(8−2 x) x=80 x−36 x + 4 x .
Piecewise Functions
These functions are defined compositely using

several expressions and different interval
domains.
Solution 4:
A and B are graphs of functions while C and D
are not because they do not pass the vertical
line test.
Example 6:
A. A user is charged Php 250.00 monthly for a
particular mobile plan, which includes 200 free
Functions as representations of real-life
text messages. Messages in excess of 200 are
situations
charged Php 1.00 each. Represent the monthly
cost for text messaging using the function t(m),
where m is the number of messages sent in a
Functions can often be used to model real-life month.
situations. Identifying an appropriate functional
model will lead to a better understanding of B. A certain chocolate bar costs Php 50.00 per
various phenomena. piece. However, if you buy more than 5 pieces
they will mark down to a price of Php 48.00 per
piece. Use a piecewise function to represent
Example 5: the cost in terms of the number of chocolate
A. Give a function B that can represent the bars bought.
amount of battery charge of a cellular phone in
h hour, if 12% of battery was lost every hour.
B. Contaminated water is subjected to a Solution 6:
cleaning process. The concentration of the
A. t (m)={250 if 0< m≤ 200 ,(250+m)if m< 200
pollutants is initially 5 mg per liter of water. If
B. f (n)={50if 0<n ≤ 5 ,(48 n)¿ ¿if n>5
the cleaning process can reduce the pollutant
by 10% each hour, define a function that can
represent the concentration of pollutants in the
water in terms of the number of hours that the
cleaning process has taken place.
C. Squares of side x are cut from each corner
of a 10 in x 8 in rectangle, so that its sides can
be folded to make a box with no top. Define a
function in terms of x that can represent the
volume of the box.
Solution 5:
A. Since every hour losses 12% of the battery,
then the amount of battery function is
B(h)=100−0.12 h

Functions Representations

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Chapter 1. Functions D.

There are cellular phone owners who use

Example 1: Which of the following relations are

Example 2: Given some real-life relationships,

Solution 2: A relation between two sets of numbers can be

These functions are defined compositely using

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