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OOP Chapter 2 Lecture #1

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10 views19 pages

OOP Chapter 2 Lecture #1

Uploaded by

murtessaahmed9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 2:

Constructor & Destructor

BY
Mujahid Jemal (MSc)
Lecturer at Department of Electrical &Electronics Technology
and ATTC Registrar
e-mail : [email protected]

06-Jun-23 1
Outline

 Constructor

 Types of constructors
 Exercise

06-Jun-23 2
Constructor
• A constructor is a special member function of a class that is
executed whenever we create new objects of that class.

• A constructor will have exact same name as the class itself and
it does not have any return type at all, not even void.

• Constructors can be very useful for setting initial values for


certain member variables.

• It Should be declared in public section.

06-Jun-23 3
06-Jun-23 4
Types of Constructors

i. Default Constructors

• A default constructor is a constructor that takes no arguments.

• It is the one which invokes by default when object of the class is


created.

06-Jun-23 5
Syntax:
class Class_ Name
{……//private members
Public:
…. //public members
Class Name () ;//constructor prototype};
Class Name:: Class Name ()//constructor definition
{ // constructor body definition }

06-Jun-23 6
Example
1. Write a program in C++ using class and object. When the member function
defined outside class body
Algorithm:
 Start
 Create a class Student
 Read the name and fee of student by default constructor
 Display the student data members by using display data()
function
 Stop.

06-Jun-23 7
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class student
{

char name[50];
double fee;
public:
student();
void display();};

06-Jun-23 8
student::student()
{ cout<<"Enter the Name:"; cin>>name;

cout<<"Enter the Fee:";


cin>>fee;}
void student::display()
{ cout<<" Student Name :"<<name<<endl;

cout<<" Tution Fee :"<<fee<<endl; }

int main()
{ student s;
s.display();
return 0;}

06-Jun-23 9
ii. Parameterized Constructors:
• It is possible to pass arguments to constructors.
• Typically, these arguments help initialize an object when it is
created.
• To create a parameterized constructor, simply add parameters
to it the way you would to any other function.
• When you define the constructor’s body, use the parameters to
initialize the object.

06-Jun-23 10
Syntax:
class Class_ Name
{……//private members
Public:
…. //public members
Class Name ( list of parameters) ;//constructor prototype};
Class Name:: Class Name (list of parameters)//constructor definition
{ // constructor body definition }

06-Jun-23 11
Example
// CPP program to illustrate parameterized constructors
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Point {
private:
int x, y;
public:
// Parameterized Constructor
Point(int x1, int y1) { x = x1; y = y1; }
int getX()
{ return x;
}
int getY() { return y; }};

06-Jun-23 12
int main()
{
// Constructor called
Point p1(10, 15);

// Access values assigned by constructor


cout << "p1.x = " << p1.getX() << ", p1.y = " << p1.getY();

return 0; }

Output:

p1.x = 10, p1.y = 15

06-Jun-23 13
Exercise
1. Write a program in C++ using class and object. When the member function
defined outside class body
Algorithm:
 Start
 Create a class Interest
 Declare the private data members: principal amount(float p), rate of
interest(float r), number of year( float t) ,simple interest( float si)
and amount(float amount).
 Declare default constructor which enter data members and calculate
simple interest [si=(p*r*t)/100] and amount =si+p.
 Display data members and calculated data by using show() member
function
 Stop.

06-Jun-23 14
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
// Create class Interest
class Interest
{
// private data members
private:// private access specifier
float p; // declaration of Principle Amount
float r; // declaration of Rate of Interest
float t; //declaration of Number of years
float si; //declaration of Interest
float amount;
public: Interest(); void show( ); };

06-Jun-23 15
Interest::Interest() {
cout <<" Principle Amount : ";
cin>>p ;
cout<<" Rate of Interest : ";

cin>>r; cout <<" Number of years : ";

cin>>t;
si= (p *r*t) /100;
amount = si + p; }

06-Jun-23 16
void Interest::show( ) // definition of read()
member function
{
cout<<"\n Principle Amount: "<<p;
cout <<"\n Rate of Interest: "<<r;
cout <<"\n Number of years: "<<t;
cout <<"\n Interest : "<<si;
cout <<"\n Total Amount : "<<amount;
}

06-Jun-23 17
int main ( )
{ Interest b ; b.show ( );
return 0;}

06-Jun-23 18
06-Jun-23 19

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