UNIT-III

Cloud Platform Architecture:

Cloud Computing and Service Models, Public Cloud
Platforms, Service Oriented Architecture,
Programming on Amazon AWS and Microsoft Azure
 Cloud computing

 Cloud computing can be viewed as a model for distributing information technology in order to gain
access to the resources from Internet without depending on direct connection with the server.
 The model can easily retrieve resources via web-based tools and applications.
 Here, the information which is to be accessed is stored in clouds and it gives the privilege to the user to
access the information whenever and from where ever they want.
 Thereby, allowing the users to work remotely.
 In general cloud computing is nothing but the use of computing resources such as hardware and
software which are distributed as a service across the network.
 It centralizes the data storage, processing and bandwidth which in turn provides efficient computing
process to the users.
Cloud Deployment Models
Public Cloud
Public cloud is open to all to store and access information via the Internet using the pay-per-
usage method.

In public cloud, computing resources are managed and operated by the Cloud Service Provider (CSP). The
CSP looks after the supporting infrastructure and ensures that the resources are accessible to and scalable for
the users.
Due to its open architecture, anyone with an internet connection may use the public cloud, regardless of
location or company size. Users can use the CSP's numerous services, store their data, and run apps. By
using a pay-per-usage strategy, customers can be assured that they will only be charged for the resources
they actually use, which is a smart financial choice.

Example: Amazon elastic compute cloud (EC2), IBM SmartCloud Enterprise, Microsoft, Google App Engine, Windows Azure
Services Platform.
 Private Cloud
Private cloud is also known as an internal cloud or corporate cloud. It is used by organizations to
build and manage their own data centers internally or by the third party. It can be deployed
using Opensource tools such as Openstack and Eucalyptus.

 Private clouds are distributed systems that work on private

infrastructure and provide the users with dynamic provisioning
of computing resources.
 Instead of a pay-as-you-go model in private clouds, there
could be other schemes that manage the usage of the cloud
and proportionally billing of the different departments or
sections of an enterprise.
 Private cloud providers are HP Data Centers, Ubuntu, Elastic-
Private cloud, Microsoft, etc.

Examples: VMware vSphere, OpenStack, Microsoft Azure Stack, Oracle Cloud at Customer, and IBM Cloud Private.
Hybrid Cloud
Hybrid Cloud is a combination of the public cloud and the private cloud. we can say:

Hybrid Cloud = Public Cloud + Private Cloud

 Hybrid cloud is partially secure because the services
which are running on the public cloud can be accessed
by anyone, while the services which are running on a
private cloud can be accessed only by the
organization's users.
 In a hybrid cloud setup, organizations can leverage the
benefits of both public and private clouds to create a
flexible and scalable computing environment.
 The public cloud portion allows using cloud services
provided by third-party providers, accessible over the
Internet.
 Cloud Service Models
There are the following three types of cloud service models -
1.Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
2.Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3.Software as a Service (SaaS)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
IaaS is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). The main
advantage of using IaaS is that it helps users to avoid the cost
and complexity of purchasing and managing the physical servers.

Infrastructure/Hardware-as-a-Service (IaaS) delivers customizable

infrastructure as per requirements. It includes single sever to huge
infrastructures that constitutes network devices, load balancers, database
and web servers. It performs hardware virtualization by configuring and
interconnecting virtual machines. This forms a distributed system upon
which applications are installed and deployed. The virtual machines
consists of atomic components whose deployment and pricing depends
upon the features of virtual hardware. Virtual hardware comprises of
memory, processors and disk storage.

Example: DigitalOcean, Linode, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Compute Engine (GCE), Rackspace,
and Cisco Metacloud.
 Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS cloud computing platform is created for the programmer to develop, test, run, and manage the applications.

Platform-as-a-Service provides a development and deployment platform for running applications. It consists of a

middleware. a runtime environment and do not use any service for managing the infrastructure. The implementation of

PaaS automates the upon which the applications are built. Middleware is responsible for managing applications. The

applications are provided with following processes,

1.Deployment of applications into the infrastructure.

2. Configuration of application components.

3. Provisioning and configuration of load balancers and databases.

4. Managing the modifications done to the system depending upon the standards set by the user.

Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, Force.com, Google App Engine, Apache Stratos, Magento Commerce
Cloud, and OpenShift.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
SaaS is also known as "on-demand software". It is a software in which the applications are hosted by a cloud
service provider. Users can access these applications with the help of internet connection and web browser.
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) is a software delivery model that provides applications to be accessed by means of internet
which serves as a web-based service. It reduces users overhead of managing complex hardware and software by
offloading the tasks to third parties. The role of third parties is to develop applications and provide their access to users
via a web browser. This feature cuts down the installation, upfront and license costs for the software. It allows users to
access application website and sign-in to it by entering their credential and billing details. These details are secured and
maintained by the providers and are made available whenever they are required.
SaaS is a "one-to-many" model that allows applications to be shared across multiple users.
Public Cloud
Public cloud is open to all to store and access information via the Internet using the pay-per-usage method.
Public Cloud
Public cloud is open to all to store and access information via the Internet using the pay-per-usage method.
Google App Engine (GAE)

Google App Engine (GAE) is a cloud computing platform service and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS). It is used for

deploying web applications on Google Search Engine. It is a web application platform introduced by Google.

This platform supports scalable web applications on huge data centers associated with Google search engine.

Google is one of the famous search engine introduces cloud development on huge data centers. These data

centers enable a user to run various cloud applications. The google data center includes various cloud services

in G-mail, Google Earth, Google Docs etc.

Google App Engine (GAE)
The Google cloud architecture defines basic blocks that are
used for delivering cloud services to the cloud application
providers. The basic blocks of Google cloud architecture that
run on cluster configuration are as follows,
1.Google File System (GFS)
It allow users to store huge amount of data.
2.MapReduce Jobs
It is a famework that helps in developing application program.
3.Chubby
It enforces locking service on distributed applications.
4. Big Table Server
It provides storage service to access structural/ unstructural
data.
Google App Engine (GAE) GAE provides platform for developing user application. This platform includes five
components. The functionalities of these components are discussed below,

(i) Data Store

This component provides object oriented services, 'distributed services and data
storage services to the user depending on BigTable technique. It performs secure
data management operations.

(ii)Application Runtime Environment

This component provides a scalable web programing and execution platform for
running user application. Java and python are the two programming development
languages supported by application run time environment.

(iii)Software Development Kit

This component develops local applications and also allows users to text, execute
and run the application code.

(iv)Administration Console

This component is used for managing the development cycle of user applications.

(v)Web Service Infrastructure

This component defines interfaces for flexibly managing network and storage
resources of GAE.
 Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
SOA is defined as the process of exchanging data through different applications. It is a method that helps in
integrating business processes by dividing large applications into smaller modules (services).
An SOA uses new distributed application as an interface to design a software system. It provides an
architectural method to develop sophisticated systems through a set of loosely coupled interconnected blocks
as a service. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) defines SOA as a distributed system architecture This
architecture possess the following characteristics,
Logical View

An SOA defines abstract, logical view of a program, business processes, database etc., as to perform business
level operations. It also specify how message exchange takes place between provider agents and requester
agents.

Message Orientation

Internal structure of provider agent and requester agents comprises of features like process structure, database
structure and implementation language. Such features are extracted away from SOA in simple terms while using
SOA discipline the user should not consider about the way the agent implementing service is built. One of the
advantage of this is legacy system. Thus, by avoiding the knowledge of internal structure of agent, a user can
include any software component/ application in accordance with formal service definition.
 Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
Description Orientation

Machine-executable metadata gives. Description of a service supporting public nature of the SOA. This description
includes only those details that are known to the public and are essential for using a service. The semantics of a service
must be either documented directly or indirectly by its description.

(a) Granularity

Service makes use of less number operations along with large and complex messages.

(b) Network Orientation

Services are adjusted across the network.

(c) Platform-Neutral

The requested messages are transmitted on a platform neutral environment

 Amazon Cloud Computing Infrastructure

Amazon support laas with different technical names such

as Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Simple Storage
Service(S3)
etc. These technologies provide confidentiality, integrity
and availability of the data and applications of the
customer.
To understand the concept, consider one of the data
processing method like data uploading supported in AWS
of Amazon In this method large volume of data is needed
to be transferred from AWS cloud to portable storage
devices, as shown in the figure below,
 Amazon Cloud Computing Infrastructure
To upload data the user needs to store certain parameters namely access
key ID, Device ID, Destination etc, into an import metadata file which is
named as manifest file. After this, the user signs the manifest file and send
it via mail to Amazon.
On the other hand AWS uses another metadata file called signature file for
describing cipher algorithm that is used t perform encryption for job ID and
bytes in the manifest file. The signature file is used for unique identification
as well as for authentication of the user's request. The signature file is
assigned to the storage device that is required to be sent to Amazon to
obtain efficiency.
The Amazon's service provider as soon as receivers the storage device along
with signature file will perform validation check of the signature in the
device with the manifest file. After this, the Amazon sends back the
management information via mail to the user. The management
information contains the number of byte saved, MD5 of the bytes, load
status and the location for Import-Export log on Amazon S3 of the AWS. The
log holds complete information regarding the uploaded files. These
informations are key names, number of bytes and values of MDS checksum.
 Public Cloud Offerings of Paas
S.NO Name of the Cloud Languages and Developer Tools Programming Models Target Applications
Supported by Provider and Storage Option

1 Google App Engine It makes use of languages such as java, It supports MapReduce It provides web
python and eclipse based IDE. and web programming. applications and
BigTable storage.
2 Salesforce.com's It makes use of languages such as Apex, It supports work flow, It provides business
Force.com Eclipse-based IDE, web based wizard. Excel-like formula and applica- tion like CRM.
web pro- gramming.
3 Microsoft Azure It makes use of languages such as .NET, It does not support provides enterprise
Azure tools for MS visual studio. unrestrict-It ed model. and web applications.

4 Amazon Elastic It makes use of languages such as Hive, Pig It supports It provides data
MapReduce Ruby, Java etc. MapReduce, processing.

5 Aneka It makes use of languages such as .NET, It supports It provides HPC and
Stand-alone SDK. MapReduce, task and .NET en- teprise
threads. applications.
 Public Cloud Offerings of Iaas
S.NO Name of the Cloud Capacity of Virtual Machine Instance API and Access Tools Hypervisor and Guest
O.S

1 Amazon elastic Every single. instance of VM contains, It supports CLI or web It uses Xen, Linux and
compute cloud (i) 1 to 20 EC2 processors service portal. Windows.
(Amazon EC2 1. Amazon elastic compute cloud (Amazon
EC2)
(ii) 1.7 to 15 GB Memory
(iii) 160 to 1.69 TB storage.
2 GoGrid Every single instance of VM contains, It supports REST, PHP, It uses Xen, Linux,
(i) 1 to 6 CPUs Ruby, Java and Windows.
(ii) 0.5 to 8 GB Memory Phython.
(iii) 30 to 480 GB Storage.
3 FlexiScale (in Every single instance of VM contains, It supports web It uses Xen, Linux,
London 3. console. Windows.
(i) 1 to 4 CPUs
(ii) 0.5 to 16 GB Memory (iii) 20 to 270 GB
Storage.
 Microsoft Azure
Windows Azure is a service platform and cloud computing operating system hosted in data center of Microsoft
corporation. The microsoft's cloud platform architecture is as follows,
 Microsoft Azure
The above cloud platform includes three main components,
1. User applications
2. Window Azure
3. Azure Service platform..
This platform offers various functionalities to develop, host and provide services. It also offers developers on-need
basics computing and storage facility to host, expand and manage web-based applications.
1. User Applications
Traditional software applications like window live, office live, exchange online, sharepoint and dynamic CRM
online interacts with cloud services of azure.
2. Window Azure
Window azure provides a cloud platform developed on windows operating system using microsoft virtualization
technology.
3. Azure Service Platform
It controls the servers, storage and network resources of data centers. The various cloud level services which are
included at the top of infrastructure are as follows,
' (1)Live Service On-line It allows the users to traverse across the different microsoft live
applications and use the data present on different machines simultaneously.
(ii) .NET Service
It is a package that allows users to develop application on local hosts and execute them on
cloud machine
iii) SQL Service
It is a function that allows users to traverse relational database of SQL Server in the cloud.
(iv) Sharepoint Service
It creates a platform for developing scalable and manageable business application.
(v) Dynamic CRM Service
It offers a business platform that helps the software developers to control CRM
applications in fields like financing, marketing etc.
 Amazon AWS
AWS offers wide range of infrastructure (IaaS) services. It provides high reliable and high scalable infrastructure for
deploying web scale solutions. The AWS architecture is shown in the figure below,
Amazon
The AWS cloud architecture defines the following building blocks,
1. EC2
2. S3
3. EBS
4. SQS.
EC2 EC2 stands for Elastic Cloud Computing. It offers a virtualized
platform for running cloud applications on virtual machine.
2. S3- S3 stands for Simple Storage Service. It facilitates user with
object-oriented storage services.
3. EBS
EBS stands for Elastic Block Service. It makes use of block storage
interface to substantiate traditional applications.
4. SQS
SQS(or) Simple Queuing Service ensures reliability while performing
message exchange from one process (i.e., sender) to other process (i.e.,
receiver).
In AWS, data objects are accessed using SOAP standard.