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AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY-

UNIVERSITY
BANGLADESH
Faculty of Engineering
Laboratory Report Cover Sheet
DeclarationPleasesubmitandStatementallreportsof toAuthorship:yoursubject supervisor or the office of the concerned faculty.

Laboratory Title : : Study of DC Series Motor

Experiment Number: 05 Due Date: 08.06.2015 Semester: Summer,2014-15
Subject Code: EEE Subject Name: ELECTRICAL Section: H
MACHINES 1
Course Instructor: MD. WAYESH QARONY Degree Program: BSc in EEE

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Group Number (if applicable): 05 Individual Submission Group Submission

No. Student Name Student ID Student Signature Date
Submitted By
01 ABSAR, ARFATH BIN 14-26249-1
Group Members
02 Karim, asif 14-26214-1
03 Asif MD Asifuzzaman 14-26114-1
04 Hasan Aysha 14-26061-1

05 Iqbal, MD. Ashif 14-25609-1

For faculty use only: Total Marks: _________ Marks obtained: __________
Title: Study of DC Series Motor

Introduction:

A DC series motor is a DC machine that can convert electrical energy into mechanical
energy. It is run by DC input and the field resistance is connected in series with the armature
thus it is called a series motor. A dc series motor has a high starting torque as the field
resistance gets the full armature current through it. Due to this reason It can move large shaft
loads.

The objectives of the laboratory work are:

7. To study the torque vs speed characteristics of a series connected dc motor and

8. To calculate the efficiency of the series-connected dc motor.

Theory and Methodology:

In the series motor, the magnetic field is produced by the same current which flows through
the armature winding, with the result that the magnetic field is weak when the motor load is
light (the armature winding draws minimum current) and strong when the load is heavy (the
armature winding draws minimum current) and strong when the load is heavy (the armature
winding draws maximum current). The armature voltage is nearly equal to the supply lone
voltage (just as in the shunt-connected motor if we neglect the small drop in the series field.
Consequently, the speed of the series-connected motor is entirely determined by the load
current. The speed is low at heavy loads, and very high at no load. In fact many series motors
will, if operated at no load, run so fast that they destroy themselves. The high forces
associated with high speeds cause the rotor to fly apart, often with disastrous results to people
and property nearby.

The torque of any dc motor depends on the product of the armature current and the magnetic
field. For the series connected motor this relationship implies that the torque will be very
large for high armature currents, such as occur during start-up. The series motor is, therefore,
well adapted to start large heavy-inertia loads, and is particularly useful as a drive motor in
electric buses, trains and heavy-duty traction applications.
Torque is a force that produces or tends to produce rotation. It can be addressed as turning or
twisting force. The speed of a motor is usually measured with revolution per minute RPM.
The torque Vs speed characteristics is also known as mechanical characteristics.
Figure 1 shows the relation between the torque and the speed of a DC series motor.
 Fig. 1: Torque vs Speed Curve

The experimental method is to vary the torque at some predefined values and then observe
the shaft speed obtained at that torque. The speed is measured in RPM with the help of a
tachometer.

Apparatus:

DESCRIPTION MODEL
DC Motor/Generator 8211
DC Voltmeter/Ammeter 8412
Power Supply 8821
Connection Leads 8941
Electrodynamometer 8911
Hand Tachometer 8920
Timing Belt 8942

Experimental Procedure:

Finding the Neutral Brush Position

1. a) Using your Power Supply, DC Motor/Generator, DC Voltmeter/Ammeter and

Electrodynamometer, connect the circuit shown in Figure 2.
 ( SERIES CONNECTED )
0-1.5
A dc
ELECTRO-
7
+ A - 1 2 DYNAMOMETER

0-400
V dc

0-240
+
3 4
V dc
V
- 5 6 7 8

E M S 8211
E M S 8911
N

240 V ac

Figure 2

Couple the Electrodynamometer to the DC Motor/Generator with the Timing Belt.

Notice that the DC Motor/Generator is wired for series operation (the shunt field
winding and the rheostat are not used) and is connected to the variable dc output of the
Power Supply (Terminals 7 and N). The Electrodynamometer is connected to the fixed
240 V ac output of the Power Supply (terminals 1 and N).

1. Set the Electrodynamometer control knob at its mid-range position (to provide a
starting load for the dc motor).

2. a) Turn on the Power Supply. Gradually increase the dc voltage until the motor starts
to turn. Note the direction of rotation. If it is not cw, turn off the power and interchange
the series field connections.

b) Adjust the variable voltage for exactly 240 V dc as indicated by the voltmeter.

4. a) Adjust the loading of your dc series motor by varying the Electrodynamometer

control knob until the scale marked on the stator housing indicates 1.2Nm. (Readjust the
Power Supply, if necessary, to maintain exactly 240 V dc).
a) Measure the line current and motor speed (use your Hand Tachometer). Record these
values in Table 1.

b) Repeat for each of the torque values listed in the table, while maintaining a constant 240
V dc input.

c) Return the voltage to zero and turn off the Power Supply.

Table 1

E I SPEED TORQUE
V A r/min Nm
240 0.5 1300 0
240 0.62 1050 0.3
240 0.8 800 0.6
240 0.9 750 0.9
240 1.0 700 1.2

Calculate the speed vs torque regulation (full load) = 1.02 Nm) using the equation
(No load speed) – (Full load speed)
Speed Regulation= x 100%
(Full load speed)
1300 - 700
= x 100%
700
= 85.7%

a) Set the Electrodynamometer control knob at its full cw position to provide the maximum
starting load for the series wound motor.

b) a) Turn on the Power Supply and gradually increase the dc voltage until the motor is
drawing 1.5 A of line current. The motor should turn slowly.

b) Measure and record the dc voltage and the torque developed

E = 170 V Torque = 2 Nm

7. a) The line current in Procedure 8 is limited by the equivalent dc resistance of the series
motor.

b) Calculate the value of the starting current if the full line voltage (240 V dc) were applied
to the series motor. Starting current = 0.4 A
Discussion:

a) Does the outcome matches with the expected characteristics discussed in the theoretical
section?

b) What is the efficiency of the machine?

Mechanical efficiency measures the effectiveness of a machine in transforming the energy and
power that is input to the device into an output force and movement. Efficiency is measured as a
ratio of the measured performance to the performance of an ideal machine.

c) What are the probable causes of deterioration of efficiency in a machine?

Any kind of friction --- bearings, wind resistance etc. Bearings not completely round causing
wobble and drag.
Not having good wiring, like using wire that isn't copper or the wire is too small to carry the
load, and having electrical resistance.
Extra gears or inefficient linkages that cause extra input power versus the output you get

d) What will be the suitable usage of a DC series motor?

The traditional DC motor needs two current supplies, one through the stator windings to provide
the magnetic field and the other through the rotor windings to interact with the magnetic field to
generate the motive force. There are three ways of accomplishing this, each one resulting in
unique characteristic motor performance. Because they all use wound rotors, they all need a
commutator to feed the current into the rotor windings.
Speed is controlled by varying the rotor voltage and hence the rotor current, or by varying the
magnetic flux in the air gap by changing the current in the field windings.

References:

1. Objective Electrical Technology By V.K. Mehta, Rohit

Mehta
2.Hawkins Electrical Guide by Nehemiah Hawkins
3.http://www.researchgate.net/post/A_DC_shunt_motor_is_running_at_light
_load_what_happens_if_the_field_winding_gets_opened
4. www.nptel.ac.in/courses/.../pdf/L-39(TB)(ET)%20((EE)NPTEL).pdf
5. https://www.wikipedia.org/