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    Skewness

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    Bindeshwar Kushwaha

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Skewness

    Uploaded by

    Bindeshwar Kushwaha
    2 views11 pages

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    2 views11 pages

    Skewness

    Uploaded by

    Bindeshwar Kushwaha

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    Understanding Skewness

    Data Science and A.I. Lecture Series

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha

    PostNetwork Academy
    Reach PostNetwork Academy

    Website
    PostNetwork Academy | www.postnetwork.co

    YouTube Channel
    www.youtube.com/@postnetworkacademy

    PostNetwork Academy Facebook Page


    www.facebook.com/postnetworkacademy

    LinkedIn Page
    www.linkedin.com/company/postnetworkacademy

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 2/7


    Introduction
    What is Skewness?
    When mean and variance are the same in two different datasets, the distributions of the data could
    still be very different in terms of their shape, particularly with respect to their symmetry and the
    spread of data points around the central value. This is where skewness becomes crucial for further
    understanding the underlying distributions.

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 3/7


    Introduction
    What is Skewness?
    When mean and variance are the same in two different datasets, the distributions of the data could
    still be very different in terms of their shape, particularly with respect to their symmetry and the
    spread of data points around the central value. This is where skewness becomes crucial for further
    understanding the underlying distributions.

    Frequency Distributions having Same Mean and Standard Deviation


    Consider the following distributions:
    Variable (X) 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30
    Frequency (Y) 10 30 60 30 10 0

    Variable (X) 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30


    Frequency (Y) 10 5 10 20 30 10
    In both distributions, the mean is 15 and the standard deviation is 6.
    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 3/7
    Frequency Polygons

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 4/7


    Frequency Polygons

    –
    Their shapes differ, as seen in the frequency polygons:
    Variable (X) 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 Variable (X) 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30
    Frequency (Y) 0 5 10 20 30 10 Frequency (Y) 0 5 10 20 30 10

    80 100 90
    70 90
    80
    Frequency

    Frequency
    60 60
    60 70
    50 60
    40 30 30
    50
    30 40 30 30
    30 20
    20 10 10 20 10 10
    10 10
    5 10
    15 20 25 30 5 10 15 20 25 30
    Variable Variable
    The first distribution is symmetrical, while the second distribution is asymmetrical or skewed.

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 4/7


    Example Distributions

    Definitions of Skewness
    Definition 1: “Skewness refers to the asymmetry or lack of symmetry in the shape of a frequency
    distribution.” — Morris Hamberg

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 5/7


    Example Distributions

    Definitions of Skewness
    Definition 1: “Skewness refers to the asymmetry or lack of symmetry in the shape of a frequency
    distribution.” — Morris Hamberg
    Definition 2: “A distribution is said to be ‘skewed’ when the mean and the median fall at different
    points in the distribution, and the balance (or centre of gravity) is shifted to one side or the other -
    to left or right.” — Garret

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 5/7


    Example Distributions

    Definitions of Skewness
    Definition 1: “Skewness refers to the asymmetry or lack of symmetry in the shape of a frequency
    distribution.” — Morris Hamberg
    Definition 2: “A distribution is said to be ‘skewed’ when the mean and the median fall at different
    points in the distribution, and the balance (or centre of gravity) is shifted to one side or the other -
    to left or right.” — Garret
    Definition 3: “When a series is not symmetrical it is said to be a asymmetrical or skewed.” —
    Croxton & Cowden

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 5/7


    Types of Skewness

    Positive or Right Skew


    Customer Spending (Positive Skew)
    100
    In a positively skewed 100
    distribution, the right tail is Frequency
    90
    80
    longer than the left tail. The 80
    70
    majority of data values are 70
    concentrated on the left side 60
    of the distribution, while a 50
    50

    few larger values stretch the 40


    distribution to the right. 30
    30
    Example : Most customers at 20
    20
    a retail store make small 10
    10 Spending5 ($)
    purchases, but a few make 0

    very large purchases. 50 100 150 200 300 500

    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 6/7


    Types of Skewness
    Negative of Left Skew
    Exam Scores (Negative Skew)
    100
    In a negatively skewed Frequency 90
    distribution, the left tail is longer 90 85
    or fatter than the right tail. The 80

    majority of data values are


    80
    70
    concentrated on the right side of 70
    the distribution, while a few
    smaller values stretch the 60
    50
    distribution to the left. 50
    Example : In a class, most
    students score very well on a 40
    relatively easy exam, but there are 30

    a few students who perform 30


    poorly. The distribution of scores 20
    will likely be negatively skewed 12
    8
    because the low scores drag the 10 4
    6

    average down.
    2 Score 0(%)
    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
    Bindeshwar Singh Kushwaha (PostNetwork Academy) Understanding Skewness 7/7

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