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Quantum Entanglement: A Primer

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27 views2 pages

Quantum Entanglement: A Primer

Uploaded by

hns83418
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Quantum Entanglement: A Primer

Dr. Emily R. Hawthorne

2023-11-19

Contents
1 Introduction 1

2 Historical Background 1

3 Theoretical Framework 2

4 Experimental Verification 2

5 Applications 2

6 Conclusion 2

1 Introduction
Quantum entanglement is a fundamental phenomenon in quantum mechan-
ics, where two or more particles become interconnected such that the state
of one particle instantaneously affects the state of the other, regardless of
the distance separating them.

2 Historical Background
Entanglement was first identified as a peculiar feature of quantum mechan-
ics by Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen in 1935, in what
is now known as the EPR paradox. They used it to argue that quantum
mechanics might be incomplete.

1
3 Theoretical Framework
When particles become entangled, their individual quantum states cannot
be described independently. Instead, a joint quantum state encompasses all
entangled particles. The formalism of entanglement involves the use of joint
probability amplitudes and the superposition principle from quantum me-
chanics.

4 Experimental Verification
Entanglement has been experimentally verified through numerous experi-
ments, most notably those testing Bell’s theorem. These experiments gener-
ally show violations of Bell’s inequalities, providing strong evidence against
local hidden variable theories and supporting quantum mechanics.

5 Applications
Quantum entanglement is a key resource in various quantum technologies.
Quantum cryptography, particularly Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), ex-
ploits entanglement to offer theoretically secure communication. It is also
vital in quantum computing, where entangled qubits serve as the fundamen-
tal units in quantum algorithms.

6 Conclusion
Quantum entanglement challenges our classical intuitions about separability
and locality, reaffirming the non-classical correlation of quantum states. As
research progresses, its potential to revolutionize technology and our under-
standing of the quantum world becomes increasingly apparent.

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