COMPUTER STUDIES

J.S.S. 2
SCHEME OF WORK
1ST TERM
WEEKS TOPIC CONTENT
1 Revision Revision of JSS1 work
2 Computer Software 1. Definition of Software
2. Types and examples of software’s:
- System software (operating system)
- Application software (Word processing, spreadsheet,
graphics, etc)
3 Operating Systems 1. Definition of an Operating System (OS)
2. Examples of Operating Systems (DOS, Windows, Linux,
Unix)
3. Functions of Operating Systems: (Resource allocation,
monitoring, Utilities)
4 CISCO Get Connected Internet I
Module 3
5 Units of Storage in Units of Storage:
Computer - Nibble
- Byte
- Kilobyte
- Megabyte
- Gigabyte, etc.
6 CISCO Get Connected Internet II
Module 3
7. Continuous Assessment Continuous Assessment and Mid-Term break
8. Computer Problem 1. Computer programmes
Solving Skills - Meaning
- Examples (Logo, BASIC, etc)
9. BASIC Programme 1. BASIC Language:
- Meaning of BASIC
- BASIC Character set
2. Key BASIC Statements
3. Simple BASIC Statements
10. Revision
11. Examination
12. Examination
 LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 21st – 25th September, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: One
Class: J. S. S. TWO
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 60 minutes per week
Topic: REVISION, COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Sub Topic: Definition, types and examples
Instructional Material: Installation CD and computer system
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
a. Define the term ‘Software’
b. State the types of software
Reference Materials: Computer Studies for Junior Secondary Education (JS 2): HiiT Plc, 2010,
www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com,
PRESENTATIONS
1st Period – Revision of last session work and Introduction of new topic.
Explanation of new topic and demonstration with Instructional Materials
2nd Period – Writing of note and classwork
Step I: She asks questions on previous knowledge of the student on the topic.
Step II: She introduces the new topic, explain and start illustration with Instructional Material
Step III: She gives notes according to the content and monitors the students while writing.

CONTENT
1st Period
TOPIC: COMPUTER SOFTWARE
CONTENT
(i) Definition of Software
(ii) Types of Software
(iii) Examples of Software

Definition of Software
1. Software is the term used to describe computer programs
2. Software is the instructions that tells a computer what to do
3. A set of instructions that directs a computer hardware to perform a task is called software or
program.

It is the blood that flows through the computer system.

Compared with the hardware, the software used on a given computer is relatively easy to change and it is the
attributes, which give computer their flexibility.

Just as there are two types of blood cells in human beings performing different functions in the computer
system. The first is referred to as System software and the other is the application software. All other
forms of software come under these two board divisions.
Software component of the computer system
Computer hardware without software can be linked to a vehicle without fuel. A system can only perform
based on a set of given instructions that are to be followed in sequence, called program. Software refers to
the collection of all the programs available on a computer system or in a computer installation.
Software can be divided into two main classes namely;
1. System Software
2. application Software
System Software: These are programs written by the manufacturer to ensure the smooth running of the
computer. They are programs that enhance the performance operations of computer. It is divided into four
classes of the system namely;
1. Operating system
2. Translators
3. Utilities and service programmers

Evaluation: She evaluates the students with interaction questions (Class Work)
Assignment: Students are to study and briefly explain the meaning of Application Software

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. DOS is an acronym which stands for
(a) Dos Opening Software (b) Disk Opening System (c) Disk Operating Service (d) Disk Operating
System
2. A system software includes
(a) DBASE (b) RAM (c) Word processing (d) UNIX
3. Which of these software is written by the manufacturer?
(a) System software (b) application software (c) E-learning software (d) Language software
4. System software can be divided into how many parts?
6 (b) 8 (c) 4 (d) 1
5. A collection of all the program available in the computer system or set of instructions guiding the
operation of the computer is called_______
(a) Software (b) Firmware (c) People ware (d) Hard ware

____________________________
Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date
 LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 28th – 2nd October, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: Two
Class: J. S. S. TWO
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 60 minutes per week
Topic: COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Sub Topic: Examples of Software and Application Software
Instructional Material: Installation CD and computer system
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
a. Distinguish between system software and application software
b. List five application packages you know
Reference Materials: Computer Studies for Junior Secondary Education (JS 2): HiiT Plc, 2010,
www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com,
PRESENTATIONS
st
1 Period – Revision of last session work and Introduction of new topic.
Explanation of new topic and demonstration with Instructional Materials
nd
2 Period – Writing of note and classwork
Step I: She asks questions on previous knowledge of the student on the topic.
Step II: She introduces the new topic, explain and start illustration with Instructional Material
Step III: She gives notes according to the content and monitors the students while writing.
CONTENT
1st Period
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
(i) Examples of Software
(ii) Application Software (word processing, spreadsheet, graphics)

Examples of Software
Examples of system software includes;
(i) Operating system e.g Disk Operating System(DOS), windows OS, Linux, Unix, Xenix, Ubuntu, Novell
Netware, etc
(ii) Translator e.g Compiler, Interpreter, Assemblers
(iii) Utility e.g. Norton utilities, antivirus, scandisk, windows explorer, etc

Application Software: Application software allows users to accomplish one or more specific tasks. This
can be classified into two namely;
1. User application program, 2. Application Packages
There are various types of application software, this includes;
 Word processing software
 Spreadsheet software
 Database management software
 Presentation software
 Graphic software
 Communication software
 Multimedia software
The tree below summarizes the classes of software

Software

Application Software
System Software

Operating system Utilities

Users Programs Application Package
Translator
i.e

MS Word
Interpreter
Computer Assembler Ms Excel

MS Access

EVALUATION: She evaluates the students with interaction questions (Class Work)

ASSIGNMENT:
Students are to study on system and application software.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:
1. A software that comes with a new computer system is called .......................software
(a) Application (b) System (c) Functional (d) Manufacturer
2. System software can be divided into how many parts? (a) 6 (b) 8 (c) 4 (d) 1
3. An application package that can be used to communicate textual data to the user is called ___
(a) Power point (b) Corel draw (c) MS-WORD (d) Excel
4. In a .............................. software, the data is entered into the cells of the sheet
(a) graphic (b) DBMS (c) multimedia (d) spreadsheet
5. ........................... software allow users to create and play audio and video media.
(a) Presentation (b) Multimedia (c) Spreadsheet (d) Communication
6. Which of the following is application software?
(a) CD-ROM (b) FORTRAN (c) ZENIX (d) SPREADSHEET

____________________________
Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date
 LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 5th – 9th October, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: Three
Class: J. S. S. TWO
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 60 minutes per week
Topic: OPERATING SYSTEM
Sub Topic: Definition, Examples and Functions of operating system (OS)
Instructional Material: Installation CD and computer system
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
1. State 5 examples of operating system
2. List the types of operating system
Reference Materials: Computer Studies for Junior Secondary Education (JS 2): HiiT Plc, 2010,
www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com,
PRESENTATIONS
st
1 Period – Revision of last session work and Introduction of new topic.
Explanation of new topic and demonstration with Instructional Materials
nd
2 Period – Writing of note and classwork
Step I: She asks questions on previous knowledge of the student on the topic.
Step II: She introduces the new topic, explain and start illustration with Instructional Material
Step III: She gives notes according to the content and monitors the students while writing.
CONTENT
1st Period
OPERATING SYSTEM
(i) Definition of operating system (OS)
(ii) Examples of Operating system

DEFINITION OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM

A set of instruction or programs designed to efficiently manage the resources of the computer system is
referred to as operating system. It is the operating system that makes the computer understands the user’s
instructions and command. It is the life-wire of a computer system. It does the loading and schedule of all
activities going on in a computer system.

Also, Operating System can be defined as the collection of programs which are resident in the computer
memory. It controls the general operations of the computer system.

Examples of Operating System(OS)

(i) Disk operating system (DOS)
(ii) Windows Operating System
(iii) Linux Operating System
(iv) UNIX
(v) Xenix
(vi) Ubuntu

TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

There are different types of operating system as specified by their operational performance. The most
commonly used operating system are:
1. Single user operating system
2. Multi user operating system
3. Networking operating system
Single user operating system allows only a single task performed at a time. It allows a single user to
operate the machine time in an interactive mode and allows one user program to be in the main store and
processed at a time. It does not allow users program. Examples of a single user operating system includes
MSDOS, PCDOS etc.

Multi-User Operating System permits the execution of more than one task at a time. It shares the system
resources to more than one user by connecting the individual user on the system. Examples are window 98,
windows me, Xenix OS/2etc.

Networking operating system is used in network environment where users form different locations are
interconnected. Computers connected to a large network, such as WAN & INTERNET. Examples of a
networking operating system includes window NT, window 2000, window XP, Novel Netware. Etc.

EVALUATION
1. Explain any TWO types of operating system
2. Highlight two examples each of the types of operating system
READING ASSIGNMENT
Study and summarize the topic ‘Functions of operating system’
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. Which of the following is not an example of an operating system?
(a) Linux (b) Unix (c) Microsoft office (d) Windows 98
2. The following are examples of networking operating system except
(a) windows NT (b) MS-DOS (c) Novel Netware (d) Windows XP
3. The full meaning of Windows Me is .................................
4. The latest operating system developed by Microsoft is ....................................

2nd Period
FUNCTIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM
The general functions of the operation system include the following among others.
1. It helps in loading and scheduling of programs to provide continuous processing and give appropriate
response to events
2. It protects software, hardware and data from improper use.
3. It manages hardware resources.
4. It performs the loading of programs from external memory to the main memory.
5. It provide error correction routine
6. It makes communication possible between the users and computer system
7. It passes control from one job to another in a multi programming environment.
8. It handles interrupts and computer language malfunctioning.

GENERAL EVALUATION
1. Explain any TWO types of operating system
2. Highlight two examples each of the types of operating system
3. State at least five versions of Windows Operating System you know.
READING ASSIGNMENT
Study and summarize the topic ‘Units of storage in computer’
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. The functions of an operating system include the following EXCEPT
(a) allocates computer resources and time to various tasks (b) detects errors and provides error messages
(c) performs memory management (d) requires special computer science skill
2. The full meaning of GUI is
(a) Ground Utility Interface (b) Graphical User Interface (c) Graphical Utility Icon (d) Global User Index
State whether the following are true or false:
3. The computer’s memory resides in the computer’s hard disk .........................
4. DOS has a graphical user interface ...........................
5. Windows 7 is the latest operating system ............................
6. Linux is a UNIX-based operating system .............................

____________________________
Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date
 LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 12th – 16th October, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: Four
Class: J. S. S. THREE
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 60 minutes per week
Topic: CISCO GET CONNECTED MODULE 3
Sub Topic: Internet I
Instructional Material: Installation CD and computer system
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
a. What is Internet
b. List 3 Internet connection types
Reference Materials: Computer Studies for Junior Secondary Education (JS 2): HiiT Plc, 2010,
www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com,
PRESENTATIONS
st
1 Period – Revision of last session work and Introduction of new topic.
Explanation of new topic and demonstration with Instructional Materials
nd
2 Period – Writing of note and classwork
Step I: She asks questions on previous knowledge of the student on the topic.
Step II: She introduces the new topic, explain and start illustration with Instructional Material
Step III: She gives notes according to the content and monitors the students while writing.
CONTENT
1st Period
INTERNET
You connect to the Internet through an ISP, which is an Internet Service
Provider. Normally, you get that connection by paying a fee, just like utility
companies that provide water and electricity.
Nowadays, the most common way to connect to an ISP is using a broadband
connection. Many ISPs offer services, such as email accounts, exclusive content,
personal website hosting, etc.
Connection types
Dial up connection: Also known as dial-up connection. With this type of Internet
access, a person uses a modem and a standard telephone line.
DSL Connection: This type of access is provided through the conventional telephone
network, but it is different from dial-up, since even if the user is logged on and surfing
the Internet, the phone line will be released and may be used anytime for voice calls.
This is a type of broadband connection, offering speeds faster than dial-up.
Cable Connection: A cable connection uses the same infrastructure as cable TV
service, where both the TV service and the Internet data pass through the same
connection at the same time. This is also a type of broadband connection.
Other ways to connect to the Internet:
● Satellite connection
● Radio connection

Connection via mobile phone (3G, 4G)

Internet Search
You can find almost anything on the internet through the use of search engines.
Search Engine: is a website that has catalogue to other websites containing different
resources (text, video or audio) that covers all works of life.
Examples: www.google.com; www.yahoo.com; www.Bing.com; etc.

E-mail (Electronic Mail): is an electronic form sending and receiving mails. The
email structure contain the username, a “@” symbol and the domain (the provider’s
website). There are different companies that offers E-mail facility.
Example: [email protected], [email protected]

Structure: [email protected]

Username Domain name

The at symbol
Username: The username is the desired name the user choses at registration for the
email
The “@” symbol: is used to map the username with the domain i.e. map the desired
name with the email provider.
Domain name: is the email provider. The company that provides the mail service.
E.g. the provider for your P.O. Box address is the Nigeria Postal Service (NIPOST).

Internet
Services you
access all
times

EVALUATION
1. Explain the word Internet 2. Highlight Cable connection

ASSIGNMENT
1. Which of the following is not an example of a search engine? Explain purpose of the search
(a) Google (b) bing (c) yahoo (d) Windows 98
 ____________________________
Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date
LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 19th – 23rd October, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: Five
Class: J. S. S. TWO
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 60 minutes per week
Topic: UNIT OF STORAGE
Sub Topic: Definition and examples of Unit of Storage
Instructional Material: Installation CD and computer system
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
a. What is a kilobyte?
b. Differentiate between kilobyte, kilogram and kilometer.
Reference Materials: Computer Studies for Junior Secondary Education (JS 2): HiiT Plc, 2010,
www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com,
PRESENTATIONS
1st Period – Revision of last session work and Introduction of new topic.
Explanation of new topic and demonstration with Instructional Materials
2nd Period – Writing of note and classwork
Step I: She asks questions on previous knowledge of the student on the topic.
Step II: She introduces the new topic, explain and start illustration with Instructional Material
Step III: She gives notes according to the content and monitors the students while writing.
CONTENT
1st PERIOD
UNITS OF STORAGE IN COMPUTER
Units of Storage in Computer
Computer memory is a storage location where data / information are kept or stored. All data, information,
text, numbers, audio,, video etc are converted into 1’sand 0’s and stored in different types of storage in order
to be processed by the computer CPU. Hence, we have various units of storage. They are as follows :
 Bit
 Nibble
 Byte
 Word
Binary Digit (BIT)
It is the first and the smallest unit of computer memory. It is a unit of data that can be either of the two
conditions – 0 or 1. Groups of bits make up storage units in the computer, called bytes (characters), words
which are manipulated as a group. Each of the 0s and 1s in the diagram below indicates a bit.

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1

bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7 bit 8

Nibble
It is a storage unit that is in a sequence of 4 bits. It is equivalent to 4 bits (half of a byte) i.e 0101, 1110,
0101, 1101, 1001 etc. E.g
 0 1 0 1

( 1 Nibble)

Binary Table (BYTE):

A group of 8 bits is called a byte. A byte is the basic and the most common unit in the computer’s memory.
One byte is one character. A character can be a number, letter or symbol. Each byte resides temporarily on
the computer’s memory and this specific location is called an address. i.e. 01011101, 11110110 01010110
etc

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1

1 bit
1 nibble 1 nibble

1 byte
Other higher memory units associated with bytes are:
i. Kilobyte
ii. Megabyte
iii. Gigabyte
iv. Terabyte
KILOBYTE (KB): This is equivalent to 210 =1,024 bytes.
MEGABYTE (MB): A megabyte is equivalent to 220 = 1,048,576 bytes
GIGABYTE (GB): A gigabyte is equivalent to 230 = 1,073,741824 bytes
TERABYTE (TB): A terabyte is equivalent to 240 = 1,099,511,627,780 bytes
EVALUATION
1. How many bits are in a byte?
2. Differentiate between kilobyte, kilogram and kilometer.
3. List three units of storage
ASSIGNMENT
1. What is a quad word?
2. How many kilobytes can be found in 55000 bytes?
2nd PERIOD
WORD LENGTH:
A word is a group of fixed numbers of bytes which always varies from computer to computer but is fixed for
each computer. The length of a computer word is called a word length, which is in the range of 1 byte to 64
bytes. It implies the number of bits which can be handled in a single operation.
0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1

byte (8 bits) 1 byte (8 bits)

 1 word (16 bits)

Other higher memory units associated with WORD are:

i. Double word – is made up of 2 words which is equal to 4 bytes (32 bits)
ii. Quad word – is made up of 4 words i.e. 2 double words, which equals to 8 bytes (64 bits) etc.

WORKING EXAMPLES
1 byte = 8 bits
1 kilobyte (KB)=210= 1,024 bytes
1 megabyte (MB) = 210 x210 =220 = 1,048,576 bytes
I gigabyte (GB) = 210 x210x210= 230 = 1,073,741,824 bytes
I terabyte (TB) = 210x210x210x210=240 = 1,099,511,627,780 bytes

FURTHER WORKINGS
Bit = 0 or 1
4 bits = I nibble
2 nibbles = 8 bit and 8 bit = 1 byte
3 nibbles = (3 x4) bits = 12bit
4 nibbles = (4x4) bits = 16 bit
5 nibbles = (5 x4) bits = 20 bits

Conversion of bytes to bits

1 bytes = 8 bits
2 bytes = 16 bits
3 bytes = 24 bits
5 bytes = 40 bits
Unlike the metric system where I kilometer (km) is equal to 1000 meter the sub-units of byte are converted
as follows.
EXAMPLES 1
Converts 2 kilobytes to byte
Solution
1 KB = 1024bytes
2 KB = 2(1024) bytes = 2048 bytes.
EXAMPLE 2
Convert 4KB to Byte
Note IKB = 1024 bytes
4KB = 4(1024) bytes
= 4096 bytes
EXAMPLE 3
Convert 2048 bytes to kilobytes
Recall,
1024 bytes = IKB
2048 bytes = 2048bytes x 1KB
1024 bytes
= 2 kilobyte.

EXAMPLES 4
Change 3 megabytes to byte
IMB = 1,048, 576 bytes
3 MB = 3(1048, 576 bytes)
= 3, 145,728 bytes

Convert words to bytes

Recall I word = group of 2 bytes
a) 1 word = 2 bytes
2 bytes = 16bits

b) 2 word = 2(2bytes)
= 2x 16bits)
= 32 bits.

c) 4 word = 4(2 bytes)

= 4 x 16 bits
= 64 bits
d) Change 3, 145, 728 Byte to MB
Solution: To change 3, 145, 728 to MB
1, 048,576B = 1MB
3, 145,728 = 3,145, 728 x 1MB
1,048,576
= 3MB

EVALUATION;
I. Explain the following terms
(a) Nibble (b) Word (c) Double words (d) word nipple (e) Byte (f) Kilobyte (g) Megabyte (h) Gigabyte
2. Convert, (i) 3 bytes to bits (ii) 5 nibbles to bit (c) 2word to byte
READING ASSIGNMENT:
Read to revise this lesson again, and be prepared for questions on it
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:
Convert the followings: (i) 40 megabyte to kilobyte (ii) 356 kilobyte to byte (iii) 6bytes to nibble.

____________________________
Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date
 LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 26th – 30th October, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: Six
Class: J. S. S. THREE
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 60 minutes per week
Topic: CISCO GET CONNECTED MODULE 3
Sub Topic: Internet II
Instructional Material: Installation CD and computer system
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
a. Distinguish between Facebook and Linkedln
b. List five Goggle application you know
Reference Materials: Computer Studies for Junior Secondary Education (JS 2): HiiT Plc, 2010,
www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com,
PRESENTATIONS
st
1 Period – Revision of last session work and Introduction of new topic.
Explanation of new topic and demonstration with Instructional Materials
nd
2 Period – Writing of note and classwork
Step I: She asks questions on previous knowledge of the student on the topic.
Step II: She introduces the new topic, explain and start illustration with Instructional Material
Step III: She gives notes according to the content and monitors the students while writing.
CONTENT
1st Period
VIRTUAL COMMUNITY
Virtual community is the name given to the virtual spaces that bring people together on the Internet
through values or common interests. Generally, these environments have tools such as chat, forums,
publication of texts and images.
Their goal is to facilitate the exchange of knowledge among participants and debates on certain issues.
List of Virtual Communities (Social Network)
Microsoft Teams Facebook Google
Linkedln Twitter Instagram
Youtube Snapchat Skype
YouTube
Allows users to upload and share video in digital format via a Gmail login and password. YouTube is
becoming a new form of disseminating information and searching for information on the Internet. It makes it
possible to access different types of content, such as a recipe and how to follow it.
Google Maps
A free service for searching and viewing maps and satellite images of Earth, developed and provided by
Google. Visit the website www.maps.google.com, type the desired address, and then click Search.
Contacts
Enables the organization of all the contacts you have for people in your social circle. It works like an old
address book that is kept near the phone, with phone numbers and addresses. If you don't use it anymore,
you probably know someone who does.
Calendar
Space to record appointments, but also with some special features, such as automatic reminders. For
example, this tool can be configured to remind you to take a medication for ten days.
Drive
A virtual disk, i.e. a space in the cloud where you can store, edit and create documents that can be accessed
from anywhere.

EVALUATION
1. A virtual community usually has chat, forums and space for publishing texts and images.
a. True b. False
2. Facebook and LinkedIn are social networks, but the latter is geared towards the professional market.
a. True b. False
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
Open a Facebook account and submit your Facebook handle on Monday morning

____________________________
Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date

LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 2nd – 6th November, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: Seven
Class: J. S. S. TWO
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 30 minutes per week
TEST QUESTION

1. Explain the following terms

(a) Nibble (b) Word (c) Double words (d) word nipple (e)
Byte
2. Explain any TWO types of operating system
3. Highlight two examples each of the types of operating system
4. Explain the word Internet

5. State the types of software

____________________________
Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date
 LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 9th – 13th November, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: Eight
Class: J. S. S. TWO
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 60 minutes per week
Topic: COMPUTER PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL
Sub Topic: Computer Program
Instructional Material: Installation CD and computer system
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
a. What is Computer program?
b. State differences between Machine language and High level language.
Reference Materials: Computer Studies for Junior Secondary Education (JS 2): HiiT Plc, 2010,
www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com,
PRESENTATIONS
st
1 Period – Revision of last session work and Introduction of new topic.
Explanation of new topic and demonstration with Instructional Materials
nd
2 Period – Writing of note and classwork
Step I: She asks questions on previous knowledge of the student on the topic.
Step II: She introduces the new topic, explain and start illustration with Instructional Material
Step III: She gives notes according to the content and monitors the students while writing.
CONTENT
1st PERIOD
COMPUTER PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL

Meaning of computer program

A set of instructions to the computer to perform a specific task written in a specific programming language
is called computer program.

Meaning of programming language

A programming language is the language in which a computer programmer writes the instructions which a
computer should follow in solving a given problem.

A programmer is someone who writes instructions for computer to perform a specific task. Programming is
the act of writing instructions for computer to perform a specific task. A computer personnel that writes a set
of instructions for the computer to obey is referred to as computer programmer.

CATEGORIES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

There are a number of programming languages available nowadays. Some languages were developed for
specific computers, others were developed for specific uses, such as scientific or business.
The three main categories of programming languages are:
1. Machine language
2. Low level language
3. High level language

Machine Language
A language in which the computer performs the instructions immediately without any further translation is
called machine language. The machine language is the computer primary language. It is only language that
the computer understands and does not require interpretation. It is usually written in the forms of Os and Is.
Machine language is referred to as the first generation programming language because it was the earliest
computer programming language.
Low Level Language
Low level language is machine dependent language written in symbolic codes but human being understands
it better than machine language. It must be translated to machine language before execution. They are very
difficult to use and cannot be used interchangeably on different types of computer. However, they also
produce the fastest programs.

High level language

High level language is the programming language written by the programmer in form of English language
for better understanding. It uses symbols and words to give instructions to the computer. High level
language must also be translated into machine language before execution. It is less machine dependent
unlike machine language.

Sub-Topic: Types of high level language

There are five types of high level language. They are:
1. Scientific language
2. Multi-purpose language
3. Commercial language
4. Command language for operating system
5. Special purpose programming language.

Scientific Language
This is the language that is used for scientific and engineering purposes. Examples include FORTRAN –
Formula Translator, BASIC – Beginner All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Codes. It combines the features of
the extensive arithmetic computational ability and the ability to handle mathematical expression.

Multi-Purpose
This types of high level programming language can cope with a number of different types of application
areas. Examples of multi-purpose language are Visual BASIC, PL/I C++, Java etc.

Commercial Language
This type of program was first developed by the American Government Defensive Department to create a
common administrative language for internal and external use. The prominent language is COBOL
(Common Business Oriented Language).

Command for Operating System

This program language is used to control the operating system. An example is DOS Commands (Disk
Operating System commands.)

Special Purpose Language

This is programming language designed for a specific assignment. It is tailored towards a particular
problem. E.g. Structural Query Language.

Reading Assignment
Read the next week topic i.e. BASIC Programming.

Weekend Assignment
Understandable form. Its syntax is close to the natural way of solving some human problems.

____________________________
Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date
 LESSON NOTE
Name: FOLARIN OLUWABUNMI FOLAKE AYOTEMI
School: Remo Divisional High School (Jnr)
Date: 16th – 20th November, 2020
Term: 1st
Week: Eight
Class: J. S. S. TWO
Subject: Computer Science (ICT)
Age Range: 11years
Duration: 60 minutes per week
Topic: BASIC PROGRAMME
Sub Topic: BASIC Language, meaning and BASIC Statements
Instructional Material: Installation CD and computer system
Behavioural Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
a. What is Computer program?
b. State differences between Machine language and High level language.
Reference Materials: Computer Studies for Junior Secondary Education (JS 2): HiiT Plc, 2010,
www.google.com, www.wikipedia.com,
PRESENTATIONS
st
1 Period – Revision of last session work and Introduction of new topic.
Explanation of new topic and demonstration with Instructional Materials
nd
2 Period – Writing of note and classwork
Step I: She asks questions on previous knowledge of the student on the topic.
Step II: She introduces the new topic, explain and start illustration with Instructional Material
Step III: She gives notes according to the content and monitors the students while writing.
CONTENT
1st PERIOD
COMPUTER PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL
BASIC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
CONTENT:
(a) Basic Language: i. Meaning of BASIC ii. BASIC character set
(b) Key BASIC Statement: i. Line number ii. Remark (REM) iii. Assignment (LET, INPUT, DATA). iv.
Output Statement v. Print vi. Program Terminator (END, STOP) (c) Simple BASIC Statements.

Meaning of BASIC
BASIC stands for Beginner All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. It is not only simple but also a very
powerful high level programming language. It consists of statements written in English words and
mathematical notation. It is written in a human

Rules for BASIC programming

1. All expressions must be written in capital letters.
2. First character must be alphabet
3. BASIC statement or keyword must start with a line number.
4. Each line must contain only one BASIC program statement.
5. There must not be full stop at the end of a statement.
6. The start/begin statement must be the first entry in a program.
7. End/Stop statement must be the last entry in a program.

Element of BASIC
1. Character Set: This refers to any letter, number, sign or symbol and punctuation mark in any
language used for representation of information. Character set are: Numbers 0 - 9, Alphabets
A - Z, Special characters or symbols +, -, *, /, <, &, :, ; etc

2. Data Constants & Data Variables

 i. Data Constant (or constants)
These are data that do not change during the course of computation or program execution.
ii. Data Variables (variables)
They are data that can change in constant numerals versus variable numerals.
Constant data Variables data
10 A=1 10 Input A
20 B= 2 20 Input B
30 Sum = A + B 30 Sum = A + B
40 PRINT SUM, A, B 40 PRINT SUM, A, B
50 END 50 END

3. Reserved or Keyword:
This is also referred to as a BASIC statement. It is an instruction which has special meaning to the computer
or BASIC interpreter. Examples: REM, LET, INPUT, READ, PRINT, GOTO, FOR…., NEXT etc.

Sub-Topic 2: Key BASIC Statement

i. LINE numbers
In BASIC we need a line number for each basic statement. Numbers are positive whole numbers from 1 to
99,999. A line number is always in integer form and this are done to give room for correction when
necessary. It is presented in the format below:
10 ……………………..
20 ……………………..
30 ……………………..
40 …………………….. etc.

ii. REM Statement (Remark)

REM statements stand for remark. The statement allows you to add comment and explanatory notes to your
program. This may as well include date and what the program is all about. Computer does not execute
REM; it is just a remark that aids the programmer to remember certain thing about the program.
Examples: REM PROGRAMM TO SAY HELLO
REM TO CALCULATE AREA OF A TRIANGLE

Sub-Topic 3: Key BASIC Statement (Cont.)

iii. ASSIGNMENT Statement

Assignments consists of the following: INPUT, LET and DATA

INPUT Statement
This allows you to type in data from the keyboard while the program is running. This program will be able
to produce the required result with given data. The input statements have the general format.
10 INPUT A
20 INPUT B
30 INPUT C

Example: 10 INPUT “YOUR NAME” =$

10 INPUT “YOURSURNAME”, =$

LET Statement
The LET statement permits the programmer to assign numbers and formulas to a variable name.

Example: 10 LET AREA = ½ (b*h)

20 LET JS=”How do you do”
30 LET ANN=50
 DATA Statement
The statement (Read and Data) goes hand in hand. Data statement is used to enter data into a program
before running the program or before program execution occurs. The data to be entered into the program is
read from DATA statement.
E.g. 10 READ A, B, C, D
20 DATA 3, 5, 10, 15

iv. OUTPUT Statement

The result of the processed data is displayed by output statement. The PRINT statement: bring out the
processed data. The print statement has the general format.
Example: 20 PRINT D, E, C OR
20 PRINT A, $, C

v. PROGRAM TERMINATOR (END, STOP)

END Statement: this always indicates the end of a BASIC program. When the computer comes across the
end statement in a program, the computer automatically ends. End should always be the last statement in
the program to indicate the physical end of the program.
STOP indicates when the logical executions of a program should cease.
Example: 40 STOP

Sub-Topic 4: Simple BASIC Statements

Structure of BASIC program

- One instruction or statement per line
- Each line must begin with a line number
- Line numbers are unsigned positive integers
- Line number should increase in steps of 10 to allow for insertion of extra lines during program
modification.

Example 1: Write a BASIC program to find the average of three numbers.

Solution:
5 REM FIND AVERAGE
10 READ A,B,C
20 DATA 5, 10, 15
25 SUM=A+B+C
30 AVE=SUM/3
35 PRINT AVE
40 END

Example 2: Write a BASIC program to calculate the volume of a box.

Solution:
10 REM FIND THE VOLUME OF A BOX
20 READ L,B,H
30 LET VOLUME =L*B*H
40 DATA 3,5,10
50 PRINT VOLUME
60 END

Evaluation
1. Write a BASIC program to find the average of five numbers.
2. Write short note on program terminator.
3. Explain the following: Character set, constants and variables
Reading Assignment
Read the next week topic i.e. Graphic Package – Corel Draw – practice on the use of the tools.
Weekend Assignment
1. _____ this always indicates the end of a BASIC program. (a) Start statement (b) Constant (c) End
statement (d) Line statement
2. _____ statement is used to enter data into a program before running the program or before program
execution occurs. (a) Data statement (b) Line statement (c) End statement (d) Let statement
3. ____allows you to type in data from the keyboard while the program is running. (a) Let statement
(b) Data statement (c) Input statement
(d) Output statement
4. ____allows you to add comment and explanatory notes to your program.
(a) Input statement (b) Data statement (c) Rem Statement (d) Output statement
5. ____ consists of statements written in English words and mathematical notation. (a) BASIC (b)
FORTRAN (c) Programming (d) Constants

Essay
1. List five rules for BASIC programming.

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Teacher’s Signature and Date

_________________________
HOD Signature and Date