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SWITHING

SWITCHING IN CN

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M Sithik
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34 views6 pages

SWITHING

SWITCHING IN CN

Uploaded by

M Sithik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SWITHING:

Switching in computer network helps in deciding the best route for data transmission if there
are multiple paths in a large network.
One to one connection

Types:
1. Circuit switching
2. Message switching
3. Packet switching a) Virtual Circuit approach
b) Datagram approach

1. Circuit switching

A dedicated path is established between sender and receiver


Before data transfer connection will be established first
Ex: Telephone

3 phases:
Connection Establishment
Data transfer
Connection disconnection

2. Message switching
Store and forward mechanism
Message as transferred as a complete unit and forward using Store and forward
mechanism at the intermediary node.
Not suited for streaming and real time application
Packet switching:
The internet is a packet switched network
Message is broken into individual chunks called as packets
Each packet sent individually
Each packet will have source and destination IP address with sequence number
This is no resources allocation for the packets

Sequence number will help of the receiver to

Reorder the packets


Direct missing packets
Send acknowledgement (packet loss)

Two type’s packet switching 1.virtual circuit approach


2. Datagram approach
Datagram approach:

Datagram packet switching is also known as connectionless switching


Each independent entity is called as datagram
In datagram network each packet treated independently
Datagram network switching is done at the network layer
Here the switching devices are routers
In datagram network there is no fixed path
Every packet follow own path
All packets follow different route
Packet is called datagram
In datagram packet switching approach, the path is not fixed
Intermediate nodes take the routing decision to forward the packets
Datagram network done by network layer

Advantages:
Efficiency is better than circuit switch network
Disadvantages:
Transmission delay is high
1. Virtual circuit approach (VCA)

VCA known as connection oriented switching


In the case of VCA a preplanned route is established before the message are sent.
Before sending the frames, a virtual connection is made and a path is defined
Call request and call accept packets are used to establish the connection between
sender and receiver.
In this approach, the path is fixed for the duration of logical connection.
VCA is done in the data link layer
All packets travel in the same path
In addition to source and destination address, every packet contains a virtual
circuit identifier (VCI) or label
VCI defines the virtual path that the frames should follow
Each frames is forwarded on based on the VCI.

THREE PHASES:
1. Setup phase
2. Data transfer phase
3. Teardown phase
1. Setup phase:

Virtual path created


2 steps: 1.setup request 2.acknowledgement
Forwarding table is created in each switch with VCI

Data transfer phase


Data transmission takes place
Teardown phase
After transmitting all data. Device A sends a teardown frame to device B.
Device B sends a teardown confirmation frame to device A
All switches delete the entries from the table.

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