HT Lecture 14 Condensation
HT Lecture 14 Condensation
Condensation
Dr. M. Subramanian
August 9, 2020
τ dx = (ρ − ρv )(δ − y )dx g
u=0 at y = 0
g(ρ − ρv ) 1
u(y ) = δy − y 2
µ 2
where δ is the film thickness at any x .
Dr. M. Subramanian Condensation
By definition, mass flow rate = density × volumetric flow rate.
Therefore, for a unit width of plate, mass flow rate m(x ) through
the position x is
ˆ δ
m(x ) = ρ udy
0
We know,
g(ρ − ρv ) 1
u(y ) = δy − y 2
µ 2
Therefore,
ˆ δ
g(ρ − ρv ) 1
m(x ) = ρ δy − y 2 dy
0 µ 2
" #δ
ρg(ρ − ρv ) δy 2 1 3
= − y
µ 2 6 0
" # " #
ρg(ρ − ρv ) δ · δ2 1 ρg(ρ − ρv ) δ 3 δ 3
= − δ3 = −
µ 2 6 µ 2 6
ρg(ρ − ρv )δ 3
=⇒ m(x ) =
3µ
Dr. M. Subramanian Condensation
Differentiating the above, with respect to δ, we get
dm 3ρg(ρ − ρv )δ 2 ρg(ρ − ρv )δ 2
= = (1)
dδ 3µ µ
dQconden = λ dm
Tv − Tw
dQconduct = k dx
δ
dQ = dQconden = dQconduct
Tv − Tw
=⇒ λ dm = k dx
δ
dm Tv − Tw
=k (2)
dx δ
Eqn.(2) / Eqn.(1) gives
dδ µk(Tv − Tw ) 1
= (3)
dx gρ(ρ − ρv )λ δ 3
" #1/4
gρ(ρ − ρv )λk 3
hm = 0.729
µ(Tv − Tw )D
hD
hD,N =
N 1/4
Such an arrangement is often used in condenser design.
A reduction in the heat transfer coefficient with increasing N may
be attributed to an increase in the average film thickness for each
successive tube due to accumulation of drip from the upper tubes.
Obviously it is advantageous to stagger the tubes as the
accumulation of drip from the upper rows is at least partially offset
by the splashing effects, i.e., by the agitation caused by the drip as
it falls from one tube to another. That is, instead of square pitch
arrangement of tubes, triangular or rotated square pitch
arrangement would be better.
Dr. M. Subramanian Condensation
Tubes Arrangement
" #1/4
gρ(ρ − ρv )λk 3
hm = 0.555
µ(Tv − Tw )D