FinOps Certified

Practitioner (FOCP)
Practice Questions with Answers/Explanations

Copyright TechCommanders
Draft Version 2.1 1/24/23
2023
FinOps Certified Practitioner 50 Practice
Questions and Answers/Explanation

Click Here to Find on Amazon Kindle!

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Copyright

Copyright © 2023 TechCommanders, LLC

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or

transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or
other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the
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requests, write to the publisher, addressed “Attention: Permissions Coordinator,” at
the address below.

Any references to historical events, real people, or real places are used fictitiously.
Names, characters, and places are products of the author’s imagination.

Front cover image by Self.

Book design by Self

Printed by TechCommanders, LLC., in the United States of America.

First printing edition 2021. Updated 2023

TechCommanders, LLC

Jacksonville, FL 32256

www.TechCommanders.com

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Disclosure

TechCommanders, LLC is an independent entity from The Linux

Foundation and the FinOps Foundation.

This publication may be used in assisting candidates, students, and

readers to better prepare for the FinOps Certified Practitioner
(FOCP) exam.

Neither TechCommanders, LLC nor The Linux Foundation and or

FinOps Foundation warrant this publication will ensure passing the
FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) exam.

The FinOps Foundation and FinOps Foundation’s FinOp

Practitioner are trademarks or registered trademarks of The
FinOps Foundation in the United States and/or other countries.

All other trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
FinOps Certified
Practitioner
(FOCP) Practice
Questions
BEFORE YOU BEGIN
The main objective of these mock exam questions is to validate
you have understood the objectives for this challenging exam.

The first part of this eBook has a 50-question practice question

with no answers and explanations.
The second part of this eBook has answers with full explanations
and links to review.

If you do well on this exam questions (Over 75%) you should feel
confident to sit for and pass the FinOps Certified Practitioner exam
immediately!

Additional Practice Questions are available online at TechCommanders.

And a Free Exam CheatSheet

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 FINOPS CERTIFIED PRACTITIONER (FOCP)
PRACTICE EXAM
50 QUESTIONS

1. How has cloud computing impacted enterprise financial

operations? (Select Two)
A. Utilization of CAPEX based procurement.
B. Utilization of OPEX based procurement.
C. Change from a fixed spending model to a variable spending
model.
D. Change from a variable spending model to a fixed spending
model.

2. Which of the following are phases in the FinOPS

Lifecycle? (Select Three)
A. Inform
B. Operate
C. Marginalize
D. Optimize
E. Reform

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
3. You have been asked to assemble the first FinOps team for your
company. What would be two factors you must consider when
organizing your team? (Select Two)
A. Complexity of the cloud usage
B. Location of the employees
C. Location of cloud resources
D. Cloud provider billing models
E. Complexity of the organization

4. What term would we use to define the act of changing the size
of provisioned resources to one that better matches needs? (Select
One)
A. Filtering
B. Rightsizing
C. Cost Availability
D. Cost Avoidance
E. Provisioning

5. Cloud providers such as AWS and GCP allow for discounts by

letting customers commit to a cloud service provider for a set
amount of resource usage such as using a Reserved Instance or
Committed Discounts.
What is the term we would call this pricing strategy? (Select One)
A. Reservations
B. Allocations
C. On demand
D. Rightsizing

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
6. When a resource charge is discounted by a reservation what
would that usage be called? (Select One)
A. Sustained
B. Covered
C. Insured
D. Blended
E. Prorated

7. Your FinOps lead has requested all cloud expenses and would
like to understand all costs realized and paid for this quarter from
the department fund.
What type of expense would consider this? (Select One)
A. Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)
B. Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
C. Operational Expenditure (OPEX)
D. Costs of Goods Sold (COGS)

8. What is Technology Business Management (TBM)? (Select One)

A. TBM is a cost management framework for accountants.
B. TBM is a value management framework for decision
making.
C. TBM is an engineering framework used for FinOps.
D. TBM is a value management framework for cost
management.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
9 You’re currently working with the head of finance to understand
how to identify specific cloud usage to specific business units.
What would we use to account for costs for each business units
and then debit the business unit for the cloud usage? (Select One)
A. Showback
B. Bill Back
C. Chargeback
D. Refinancing
E. Amortization

10 "IT Asset Management" would be under what domain according

to the FinOps Foundation? (Select One)

A. Performance Tracking and Benchmarking

B. Understanding Cloud Usage and Costs
C. Cloud Rate Optimization
D. Cloud Usage Optimization

11. The FinOps journey consists of three iterative phases —

Inform, Optimize and Operate. Which of the following statements
would be a correct description of the Inform Phase? (Select One)
A. Empowering organizations and teams with visibility,
allocation, benchmarking, budgeting, and forecasting.
B. Optimize their cloud footprint. Cloud providers offer
multiple levers to optimize.
C. Continuously evaluate business objectives and the metrics
they are tracking against those objectives, and how they are
trending.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 D. Continuously evaluate business objectives and the metrics
they are tracking against the organizations mission
statement.

12. Should the FinOps team be a gatekeeper to cloud spending?

(Select One)
A. No
B. Yes

13. What is FinOps about at its fundamental level? (Select One)

A. Saving money on cloud costs
B. Drive migration to the cloud
C. Drive business value
D. Drive centralized management of cloud.

14. Which of the following statements would be true regarding a

FinOps practice? (Select One)

A. FinOps is a DevOps focused exercise and control is

maintained by the development team.
B. FinOps is a purely financial practice.
C. FinOps is a purely technical practice.
D. FinOps is a cultural practice.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
15. FinOps as we likely learned requires a culture shift in how
our organization addresses cloud spend. Which of the following
would be a true statement regarding the decision making in a
FinOps organization? (Select One)

A. FinOps processes enable these teams to operate at

high velocity while improving the profits of the
company.
B. Distributed decision making coupled with the move to
variable spending in cloud allows technology teams to
efficiently partner with finance and business teams to
make informed decisions that drive continual
optimization.
C. Centralized decision making coupled with the move to
variable spending in cloud allows technology teams to
efficiently partner with finance and business teams to
make informed decisions that drive continual
optimization.
D. The Cloud Cost Centre of Excellence (CCoE) makes all
decisions around cloud spending.

16. Your business unit has decided to use AWS for its cloud
services for production. Other business units have been AWS for
both development and production use cases. You have been
asked to provide tools in AWS that can provide recommendations
for reducing costs and getting insight into better ways of resource
management.
What tools in AWS could you identify? (Select Two)
A. AWS Trusted Advisor
B. AWS Configuration Tool
C. AWS Cost Explorer
D. AWS OpsWork

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
17. Please refer to the graphic of the Phases of the FinOps
Lifecycle for this question

What is the correct order of the FinOps Lifecycle phases? Please

replace 1,2,3 with correct sequence (Select One)
A. Inform, Operate and Optimize
B. Inform, Optimize and Operate
C. Optimize, Operate, Inform
D. Optimize, Inform, Operate

18. Each major cloud provider labels the platforms "allocation

metadata" a specific way.
How does AWS name the allocation metadata? (Select One)

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 A. “Resource tags”, “Linked Accounts” and
“Organizations”.
B. “Subscription". "Labels” and “billing accounts”
C. “Subscriptions”, “resource groups” and “resource tags”
D. “Resource tags”, “Linked Accounts” and “groups”.

19. Distributed decision making coupled with the move to variable

spending in cloud allows technology teams to efficiently partner
with finance and business teams to make informed decisions that
drive continual optimization. (True or False)
A. False
B. True

20. Which phase of the FinOps cycle is where continuous

optimization should really occur? (Select One)

A. Operate
B. Inform
C. Transform
D. Optimize

21. What is the correct definition of an image with

Kubernetes/DevOps? (Select One)

A. Cloud server (e.g., EC2 instance, virtual machine).

B. A template of a container with the software that needs
to be run.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 C. A group of server instances, managed by container
orchestration.
D. Virtual cluster where pods/containers can be deployed
separately from other namespaces.

22. Which of the following are some common reasons it can be

harder to bill and report on Kubernetes costs? (Select Two)
A. One-to-one mappings of tags to specific teams do not
allows cover some of the complex use cases that
container utilization can create.
B. Containerized environments are much more dynamic
than non-containerized ones.
C. Containerized environments are less dynamic than
non-containerized ones.
D. Kubernetes clusters are never shared with applications
run by any number of teams.

23. Which of the following are not considered goals of the FinOps
journey? (Select Two)
A. Efficiency
B. SLO’s
C. Visibility
D. Allocation

24. What is the model of constraints that is used in project

management called? (Select One)

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 A. Resource Triangle
B. Project Triad
C. Project Model
D. Iron Triangle
E. Cloud Management Model

25. The spending patterns have changed quite a bit when

compared to on premises consumption models.

Which of the following statements would correct how DevOps and

Cloud have changed IT purchasing.(Select Two)
A. Engineers have the power to spend company money
with code.
B. Spending is static.
C. Spending is dynamic.
D. Finance has more visibility into purchasing than before
with CAPEX funding.

26. The CFO has just approached the FinOps team members and
requested that all costs that are being submitted and analyzed
should be amortized.
The CFO also requested that the costs be allocated to each
business unit. Would this be a best practice? (True or False)
A. True
B. False

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
27. You have started working a new role in an organization that
practices FinOps. Your new role has focused on FinOps for some
of your duties.
Which of the following would likely be considered a FinOps
professionals’ responsibility? (Select Two)
A. Continuously improve upon the agreed metrics for
efficiency.
B. Continuously monitor and terminate instances that are
not used.
C. Maximize storage use on AWS S3
D. Maximize the value of the cloud spend.

28. You’re currently adopting FinOps in your organization and are

in Stage 1 - Planning for FinOps in an organization.
Which of the following two exercises would be understand Stage
1? (Select Two)
A. Do your Research.
B. Create a Plan
C. Practice FinOps Modelling
D. Build a Toolbox

29. What is the name of the file format used in AWS Cost and
Usage reports? (Select One)
A. BDR
B. CSV
C. CAR
D. CUR
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
30 What is the name of the resource you would look at to identify
the full list of the columns that can appear in AWS Cost and Usage
Reports (AWS CUR) and the services that the columns apply
to? (Select One)
A. Data Repository
B. Data Dictionary
C. Data log
D. Data Row

31. You have been instructed by your CIO to maintain a history of

all the Cost and Usage reports for 2 years.

What service on AWS would you want use to download and store
the Cost and Usage report on so you can query it later? (Select
One)
A. AWS Redshift
B. AWS Athena
C. AWS SQS
D. AWS S3

32. Which of the following a native tool in AWS that we would use
in our FinOps exercises to understand costing issues, get
recommendations, etc. (Select One)
A. Trusted Advisor
B. Cost Explorer
C. Cost and Usage Reports
D. SQS
E. Redshift

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
33. Which of following is a simple formula for cloud
spending? (Select One)
A. Spend = Discount × Rate
B. Spend = Usage × Zone x Rate – Discount
C. Spend = Usage × Rate -Discounts
D. Spend = Usage × Rate

34. Which of the following is true regarding teams working in

FinOps organizations? (Select Two)
A. FinOps is a decentralized structure, and it should
reflect in the teams.
B. Finance should lead the FinOps Teams.
C. Teams have different motivators that drive spend and
savings.
D. All teams have a role to play in FinOps.

35. According to the FinOps Foundation there are very specific

roles/personas. For the role of a product owner what would be
the "Primary Goal”? (Select One)

A. Deliver faster and high-quality services to the

organization, whilst maintaining business as usual
B. Accurately budget, forecast and report cloud costs.
C. Quickly bring new products and features to market
with an accurate price point.
D. Cloud platform relationship management
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
36. FinOps Practitioners use ___________________________ to provide
insight into how well an organization is doing with cloud spend.
(Select One)
A. Cloud Tools
B. Cloud API’s
C. Cloud Performance Benchmarks
D. Cloud Billing Reports

37. When proposing the adoption of a FinOps function within an

organization, there will be a need to brief a variety of personas
among the executive team to gain approval, buy-in, and
involvement in conducting FinOps and achieving its goals. Every
role has a clearly documented Primary Goal.
What is the primary goal for a Chief Technology Officer
(CTO)? (Select One)
A. Drive best practices into the organization through
education, standardization, and cheerleading.
B. Deliver faster and high-quality services to the
organization, whilst maintaining business as usual
C. Quickly bring new products and features to market
with an accurate price point.
D. Leverage technology to give the business a market and
competitive advantage.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
38. FinOps Principles gives us what are called___________________to
help guide our activities in FinOps. (Select One)
A. Guiding Lights
B. North Stars
C. Polar Auroras
D. None of the Above

39. ______________is the idea is to measure cloud spend against a

business metric or metrics such as revenue, subscribers, etc. What
is the correct term? (Select One)

A. Macroeconomics
B. Microeconomics
C. Unit Economics
D. Cloud Economics

40. When managing cloud costs specifically around containers

there are several things in Google Cloud, we can do to manage
costs and identify these costs. Which of the following would be
ways we could break down costs? (Select Three)
A. Billing Hierarchy
B. Namespaces
C. Availability Zones
D. Labels
E. Service Level Agreement (SLA)

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
41. In regard to the FinOps Maturity Model Guidelines which of
the following statements would be true regarding the Maturity
Level Characteristics for "Run". (Select One)
A. Automation is the not always the preferred approach.
B. Automation and/or processes cover most of the
Capability requirements.
C. Measurements only provide insight into the benefits of
maturing the capability.
D. Capability is understood and followed by all teams
within the organization.

42. Cloud Forecasting can be a challenge, especially in large

disparate organizations.
Centralization can be a helpful factor but also there are some
focus areas that we can use to "break the challenge into
addressable parts". (Select Three)

A. Tagging and cost allocation can provide insight into

resource spending.
B. Only use cloud provider tools since they are based
solely on the cloud platform.
C. Cloud forecasting is best used in organizations that are
not centralized.
D. Use communications to relay that forecasting is being
used for decision making.
E. Use forecasting models to help provide predicable
models for consistency.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
43. Your FinOps leader and mentor has reached out to you to find
out more about Azure Capabilities.
What tool in Azure would you use to implement enforcement of
Tagging on Azure? (Select One)
A. Azure Editor
B. Azure Billing
C. Azure Policy
D. Azure Monitoring

44. Which of the following methods would we use if we wanted to

ensure "a user defined coefficient”? (Select One)

A. Variable
B. Fixed
C. Proportional
D. Even Split

45. Which of the following statements would be correct about

Weighted Average Cost of Capital? (Select One)

A. This is the rate the company is expected to pay on

average to all its employees to finance the operation of
the business.
B. This is the rate the company is expected to pay on
average to all its securities holders to finance the
operation of the business.
C. This is the rate the company is expected to pay on
average and the rate is set by the internal markets.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 D. This is the rate the company is expected to pay to all its
security holders and the rate is set by the
shareholders.

46. _____________ or ____________is the foundation of telling apart

workloads in the cloud, identifying ownership, and attributing
costs to teams. (Select One)

A. Tagging or Identifying
B. Tagging or Labelling
C. Labelling or Segmenting
D. Segmenting or Identifying

47 Which of the following is the best definition of a Kubernetes

Pod? (Select One)

A. A pod consists of a group of nodes and treats them as

a single block of resources that can be scheduled and
scaled on the cluster.
B. A pod consists of a group of nodes and treats them as
multiple blocks of resources that can be scheduled and
scaled on the nodes.
C. A pod consists of a group of containers and treats
them as a single block of resources that can be
scheduled and scaled on the cluster.
D. A pod consists of a group of nodes and treats them as
a single block of resources that can be scheduled and
scaled on the cluster.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
48. Which of the following is true regarding teams working in
FinOps organizations? (Select Two)

A. All teams have a role to play in FinOps.

B. Finance should lead the FinOps Teams.
C. Teams have different motivators that drive spend and
savings.
D. FinOps is a decentralized structure, and it should
reflect in the teams.

49. Your new team is discussing cloud spending and is wanting to

ensure they use a funding model that uses their monthly allocation
of funds.

They do not have authorization for a large procurement. What

type of funding model should be selected?

A. CAPEX
B. OPEX
C. Public
D. Private
E. Hybrid

50. The National Institute for Science and Technology (NIST)

provides five essential characteristics of cloud computing. Which
of the following has the correct characteristics? (Select One)

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 A. Broad Network Access, Resource Pooling, Rapid
Elasticity, Measured Service and Replication
B. On Demand Self Service, Broad Network Access,
Resource Pooling, Rapid Elasticity, Measured Service
C. On Demand Self Service, Private Network Access,
Resource Pooling, Rapid Elasticity, Measured Service
D. Broad Network Access, Resource Pooling, Rapid
Elasticity, Measured Service and Performance

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 FINOPS CERTIFIED PRACTITIONER (FOCP)
PRACTICE EXAM
50 QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

1. How has cloud computing impacted enterprise financial

operations? (Select Two)
A. Utilization of CAPEX based procurement.
B. Utilization of OPEX based procurement.
C. Change from a fixed spending model to a variable
spending model.
D. Change from a variable spending model to a fixed
spending model.

Correct Answers: B and C. Utilization of an OPEX based

procurement and Change from a fixed spending model to a
variable spending model.
Explanation: With the advent of Cloud Computing, organizations
went from a fixed and predictable spending model to a cloud
driven model that is now based on variable and less predictable
spending model.
Because of these spending changes organization went to a
procurement model that is now OPEX based as compared to the
on premises model which was a procurement model that was
driven by CAPEX funding.

2. Which of the following are phases in the FinOPS

Lifecycle? (Select Three)
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 A. Inform
B. Operate
C. Marginalize
D. Optimize
E. Reform

Correct Answers: A, B, D Inform, Optimize and Operate

Explanation: According to the FinOps Foundation the FinOps
journey consists of three iterative phases — Inform, Optimize and
Operate. Any company may be in multiple phases at any time
depending on which business unit, application or team is on the
journey.

FinOps Foundation Graph

3. You have been asked to assemble the first FinOps team for your
company. What would be two factors you must consider when
organizing your team? (Select Two)
A. Complexity of the cloud usage
B. Location of the employees
C. Location of cloud resources
D. Cloud provider billing models
E. Complexity of the organization

Correct Answers: A and E. Complexity of your cloud usage and

Complexity of your organization
Explanation: The complexity of your organization can really
matter. Note that the layers of the organizations management,
size of the business units, experience of employees, etc can all
affect efficiency.
The complexity of your cloud usage must be understood to ensure
proper cost models and what ones may not be.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Lastly, note the different people from development, operations,
and finance all will think and speak differently so have a common
language with specified terminology and meaning is really critical
to document.
FinOps Efficiency

4. What term would we use to define the act of changing the size
of provisioned resources to one that better matches needs?
(Select One)
A. Filtering
B. Rightsizing
C. Cost Availability
D. Cost Avoidance
E. Provisioning

Correct Answer: B. Right Sizing

Explanation: When a cloud resource is provisioned larger than is
required, such as having too much memory or compute power, it’s
considered oversized.

Rightsizing is the act of changing the size of provisioned resources

to one that better matches needs.

Rightsizing FinOps

5. Cloud providers such as AWS and GCP allow for discounts by

letting customers commit to a cloud service provider for a set
amount of resource usage such as using a Reserved Instance or
Committed Discounts.
What is the term we would call this pricing strategy? (Select One)
A. Reservations
B. Allocations
C. On demand
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 D. Rightsizing

Correct Answer: A. Reservations

Explanation: Cloud providers such as AWS and GCP allow for
discounts by letting customers commit to a cloud service provider
a set amount of resource usage using a Reserved Instance or
Committed Discounts.
In return for your commitment your organization receives a
reduction in the rate normally paid for those resources.
AWS Reserved Instances

6. When a resource charge is discounted by a reservation what

would that usage be called? (Select One)
A. Sustained
B. Covered
C. Insured
D. Blended
E. Prorated

Correct Answer: B. Covered

Explanation: When a resource charge is discounted by a

reservation, you call it covered.

The usage is being covered by the reservation, and the result is a

lower rate of charge.

AWS provides Blended Rate information on its invoice showing the

effective rate for a group of resources with the same attributes
where some of the resources are receiving a discount from
reservations and some are not.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
This can help to eliminate the effects of reservations applying
randomly to resources in multiple linked accounts, by providing a
consistent rate for specific resources that would have been eligible
to be covered by the reservation or savings plan.

FinOps Terminology

7. Your FinOps lead has requested all cloud expenses and would
like to understand all costs realized and paid for this quarter from
the department fund.
What type of expense would consider this? (Select One)
A. Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)
B. Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
C. Operational Expenditure (OPEX)
D. Costs of Goods Sold (COGS)

Correct Answer: C. Operational Expenditure (OPEX)

Explanation: When you capitalize something, it becomes an asset
of the company, whether it gets expensed within a specific period
(CAPEX).
If it benefits only the current period, then it’s an expense that is
expended in this period with no future benefit, making it an
operational expense(OPEX).
Capitalization causes total outlays to differ from expenses in a
similar period, with the delta being that which is capitalized.

8. What is Technology Business Management (TBM)? (Select

One)
A. TBM is a cost management framework for accountants.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 B. TBM is a value management framework for decision
making.
C. TBM is an engineering framework used for FinOps.
D. TBM is a value management framework for cost
management.

Correct Answer: B TBM is a value management framework for

decision making by CIOs, CTOs, CFO, and the team.
Explanation: Technology Business Management defines the tools,
processes, data, and people needed to manage the business of
technology.
Developed by the Technology Business Management Council, a
community of thousands of CIOs, CTOs, CFOs, and their key
leaders, TBM is now adopted by enterprises in every industry,
independent of maturity and size, from banking to healthcare to
manufacturing to government and more.

9 You’re currently working with the head of finance to

understand how to identify specific cloud usage to specific
business units. What would we use to account for costs for each
business units and then debit the business unit for the cloud
usage? (Select One)
A. Showback
B. Bill Back
C. Chargeback
D. Refinancing
E. Amortization

Correct Answer: C. Chargeback

Explanation: Chargebacks and show backs both represent
processes where departments are asked to be accountable for
their technology usage and resources by being given visibility of
the costs associated with it.

Chargebacks offer departmental visibility into IT resource usage

and also charge departments for their use.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Show backs offer departmental visibility into IT resource usage
without charging departments for their use .

FinOps Definitions

10 "IT Asset Management" would be under what domain

according to the FinOps Foundation? (Select One)

A. Performance Tracking and Benchmarking

B. Understanding Cloud Usage and Costs
C. Cloud Rate Optimization
D. Cloud Usage Optimization

Correct Answer: B: Understanding Cloud Usage and Cost

Explanation: There are six specific domains in FinOps according
to the FinOps Foundation. We will want to be able to understand
what topics are covered by each domain.
The FinOps Foundation has put out an excellent downloadable
poster that we should use as a study aid.
FinOps Poster

11. The FinOps journey consists of three iterative phases —

Inform, Optimize and Operate. Which of the following statements
would be a correct description of the Inform Phase? (Select One)
A. Empowering organizations and teams with visibility,
allocation, benchmarking, budgeting, and forecasting.
B. Optimize their cloud footprint. Cloud providers offer
multiple levers to optimize.
C. Continuously evaluate business objectives and the
metrics they are tracking against those objectives, and
how they are trending.
D. Continuously evaluate business objectives and the
metrics they are tracking against the organizations
mission statement.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Correct Answer: A: Empowering organizations and teams with
visibility, allocation, benchmarking, budgeting, and forecasting.
Explanation: (From the FinOps Foundation) This is the first phase
in the FinOps journey, empowering organizations and teams with
visibility, allocation, benchmarking, budgeting, and forecasting.
The on-demand and elastic nature of cloud, along with customized
pricing and discounts, makes it necessary for accurate and timely
visibility for intelligent decisions.
Accurate allocation of cloud spends based on tags, accounts, or
business mappings enable accurate chargeback and Showback.
Business and financial stakeholders also want to ensure they are
driving ROI while staying within budget and accurately forecasting
spend, avoiding surprises. Benchmarking as a cohort and against
teams provides organizations with the necessary metrics to
develop a high performing team.

For the exam it is critical we can distinguish between the Phases...

This is direct from the FinOps Foundation

12. Should the FinOps team be a gatekeeper to cloud spending?

(Select One)
A. No
B. Yes

Correct Answer: A. No
Explanation: The FinOps team is effectively a partner and not a
direct manager.
For example, if a cloud developer needs 10 Virtual Machines,
development should be the gatekeeper and not FinOps teams.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Instead of a focus on centralizing spend approvals, the FinOps
teams should be focused on building visibility of the spend to the
appropriate areas to create accountability for each business unit.
Here is a great article from Cortino

13. What is FinOps about at its fundamental level? (Select One)

A. Saving money on cloud costs
B. Drive migration to the cloud
C. Drive business value
D. Drive centralized management of cloud.

Correct Answer: C: Drive Business Value

Explanation: Definition from FinOps Foundation. FinOps ensures
you get the most value out of every dollar spent in cloud. FinOps
enables a shift — a combination of systems, best practices, and
culture — to increase an organization's ability to understand cloud
costs and make business trade-offs.
Please reference FinOps Value

14. Which of the following statements would be true regarding a

FinOps practice? (Select One)

A. FinOps is a DevOps focused exercise and control is

maintained by the development team.
B. FinOps is a purely financial practice.
C. FinOps is a purely technical practice.
D. FinOps is a cultural practice.
Correct Answer: D: At its core, FinOps is a cultural practice.
Explanation: FinOps Requires a Cultural Shift At its core, FinOps is
a cultural practice. This operating model is the most efficient way
for teams to manage their cloud costs.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Using FinOps, teams can come together to deliver faster while
gaining financial and operational control. Please refer to FinOps
What is?

15. FinOps as we likely learned requires a culture shift in how

our organization addresses cloud spend. Which of the following
would be a true statement regarding the decision making in a
FinOps organization? (Select One)

A. FinOps processes enable these teams to operate at

high velocity while improving the profits of the
company.
B. Distributed decision making coupled with the move
to variable spending in cloud allows technology
teams to efficiently partner with finance and
business teams to make informed decisions that
drive continual optimization.
C. Centralized decision making coupled with the move
to variable spending in cloud allows technology
teams to efficiently partner with finance and
business teams to make informed decisions that
drive continual optimization.
D. The Cloud Cost Centre of Excellence (CCoE) makes
all decisions around cloud spending.

Correct Answer: B: Distributed decision making coupled with the

move to variable spending in cloud allows technology teams to
efficiently partner with finance and business teams to make
informed decisions that drive continual optimization.

Explanation: This question can be a bit challenging since reading

the documentation from the FinOps Foundation some of these can
get a bit obscure.
This page provides the simplest decision-making overview.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
FinOps What is?

16. Your business unit has decided to use AWS for its cloud
services for production. Other business units have been AWS for
both development and production use cases. You have been
asked to provide tools in AWS that can provide recommendations
for reducing costs and getting insight into better ways of resource
management.
What tools in AWS could you identify? (Select Two)
A. AWS Trusted Advisor
B. AWS Configuration Tool
C. AWS Cost Explorer
D. AWS OpsWork

Correct Answers: A and C: Cost Explorer and Trusted Advisor

Explanation: Every cloud provider has their own approach for
billing and cost management. We need to know the three major
providers in preparation for the exam.
Please refer to this page for a handy table.
Tools and Terms

17. Please refer to the graphic of the Phases of the FinOps

Lifecycle for this question

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
What is the correct order of the FinOps Lifecycle phases? Please
replace 1,2,3 with correct sequence (Select One)
A. Inform, Operate and Optimize
B. Inform, Optimize and Operate
C. Optimize, Operate, Inform
D. Optimize, Inform, Operate
Correct Answer: B: 1. Inform, 2. Optimize and 3. Operate.
Explanation: The phases of the FinOps Lifecycle are clearly
documented here. Please review this page before the exam.
FinOps Phases

18. Each major cloud provider labels the platforms "allocation

metadata" a specific way.
How does AWS name the allocation metadata? (Select One)

A. “Resource tags”, “Linked Accounts” and

“Organizations”.
B. “Subscription". "Labels” and “billing accounts”

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 C. “Subscriptions”, “resource groups” and “resource
tags”
D. “Resource tags”, “Linked Accounts” and “groups”.

Correct Answer: A: “Resource tags”, “Linked Accounts” and

“Organizations”.

Explanation: Cloud providers have their own approach to tagging,

labelling, etc.
• GCP “labels” and “billing accounts”.
• AWS “resource tags”, “Linked Accounts” and “Organizations”.
• Azure “Subscriptions”, “Resource Groups” and “resource
tags”

We do need to know some cloud provider specific terms for the

exam.
Please refer here before the exam. FinOps Terminology

19. Distributed decision making coupled with the move to variable

spending in cloud allows technology teams to efficiently partner
with finance and business teams to make informed decisions that
drive continual optimization. (True or False)
A. False
B. True

Correct Answer: B: True

Explanation: Statement is correct. Remember that FinOps is really
about collaboration.
Please review the following page FinOps What is?

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
20. Which phase of the FinOps cycle is where continuous
optimization should really occur? (Select One)
a. Operate
b. Inform
c. Transform
d. Optimize

Correct Answer: A: Operate

Explanation: The lifecycle phase operate in summary is focused
continuous improvement.
It is critical you understand these three phases for the
exam. Review this page here. FinOps Phases

21. What is the correct definition of an image with

Kubernetes/DevOps? (Select One)

A. Cloud server (e.g., EC2 instance, virtual machine).

B. A template of a container with the software that
needs to be run.
C. A group of server instances, managed by container
orchestration.
D. Virtual cluster where pods/containers can be
deployed separately from other namespaces.
Correct Answer: B: A template of a container with the software
that needs to be run.
Explanation: There are several terms for Kubernetes that we need
to be aware for the exam. It can be challenging at first to confuse a
cluster, pod, service, image, namespace, etc.
Please review the table here Container Costs

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
22. Which of the following are some common reasons it can be
harder to bill and report on Kubernetes costs? (Select Two)
A. One-to-one mappings of tags to specific teams do
not allows cover some of the complex use cases
that container utilization can create.
B. Containerized environments are much more
dynamic than non-containerized ones.
C. Containerized environments are less dynamic than
non-containerized ones.
D. Kubernetes clusters are never shared with
applications run by any number of teams.
Correct Answers: A and B: one-to-one mappings of tags to teams
don’t cover some of the complex use cases that container
utilization can create, and Containerized environments are much
more dynamic than non-containerized ones.
Explanation: Containerized environments are much more
dynamic, frequently shared between business units, lightweight
and can moved frequently.
Most cloud platforms allow customers to leverage the ability to
turn off and on container deployments. These are just some of the
reasons.
Want to know more about Kubernetes? Kubernetes The Basics

23. Which of the following are not considered goals of the FinOps
journey? (Select Two)
A. Efficiency
B. SLO’s
C. Visibility
D. Allocation

Correct Answers: A and C: Efficiency and SLO's are not goals of the
FinOps Inform Phase

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Explanation: The Inform Phase of the FinOps journey is about
understanding the current state of your system. Due to the on-
demand and elastic nature of access to cloud resources, along with
variable pricing structures, it is critical to have access to timely and
accurate system metrics to make appropriate, informed decisions.

In this Inform phase there are five primary goals:

✓ Visibility
✓ Allocation
✓ Benchmarking
✓ Budgeting
✓ Forecasting

Please review Framework Phases before the exam

24. What is the model of constraints that is used in project

management called? (Select One)
A. Resource Triangle
B. Project Triad
C. Project Model
D. Iron Triangle
E. Cloud Management Model

Correct Answer: D: Iron Triangle

Explanation: The Iron Triangle (Project Triangle”), is a model of the
constraints of project management: speed, cost, and quality. It
contends that a project manager can trade among constraints in
determining the way a project is completed. A change in one
constraint necessitates changes in the others to compensate.
Please review the FinOps Culture page for more information.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
25. The spending patterns have changed quite a bit when
compared to on premises consumption models.

Which of the following statements would correct how DevOps and

Cloud have changed IT purchasing.(Select Two)
A. Engineers have the power to spend company
money with code.
B. Spending is static.
C. Spending is dynamic.
D. Finance has more visibility into purchasing than
before with CAPEX funding.
Correct Answers: A and C: Engineers have the power to spend
company money with code and spending is dynamic.
Explanation: The cloud brings many new challenges such as
procurement changes, culture changes, etc.
Spending with cloud is certainly not static and even in a fully
functional FinOps organization spending will always be changing.
Finance will need to adjust to its new role as more of a moderator
than a gatekeeper. Engineers will need to get work done and may
very use more resources than needed.

26. The CFO has just approached the FinOps team members and
requested that all costs that are being submitted and analyzed
should be amortized.
The CFO also requested that the costs be allocated to each
business unit. Would this be a best practice? (True or False)
A. True
B. False

Correct Answer: A: True

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Explanation: The CFO is correct to want to see the costs amortized
and allocated to business units. When amortized it will reflect the
true costs absorbed and reflect discounts.
This would also need to be mapped to each business unit. The
main reason to do this is to ensure the right data is collected but
also analysed. (EDx Course)

27. You have started working a new role in an organization that

practices FinOps. Your new role has focused on FinOps for some
of your duties.
Which of the following would likely be considered a FinOps
professionals’ responsibility? (Select Two)
A. Continuously improve upon the agreed metrics for
efficiency.
B. Continuously monitor and terminate instances that
are not used.
C. Maximize storage use on AWS S3
D. Maximize the value of the cloud spend.
Correct Answers: A and D. Continuously improve upon the agreed
metrics for efficiency and maximize the value of the cloud spend.
Explanation: A FinOps professional should be more administrative
in nature. Proactive but not a manager either. The role should be
focused on metrics and providing value.
The other answers would be a better choice for an engineer or
cloud architect. Review the FinOps Page for description.

28. You’re currently adopting FinOps in your organization and are

in Stage 1 - Planning for FinOps in an organization.
Which of the following two exercises would be understand Stage
1? (Select Two)
A. Do your Research.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 B. Create a Plan
C. Practice FinOps Modelling
D. Build a Toolbox
Correct Answers: A and B: Do Your Research and Create a Plan
Explanation: The FinOps Foundation a clear "Adopting
FinOps" Slide deck that we must review if we have not purchased
the FInOps book.
Please find the Slide Deck here

29. What is the name of the file format used in AWS Cost and
Usage reports? (Select One)
A. BDR
B. CSV
C. CAR
D. CUR
Correct Answer: D: CUR
Explanation: The AWS Cost and Usage Reports (AWS CUR) contains
the most comprehensive set of cost and usage data available.
Review this AWS CUR page for more information.
Exam Registration Here

30 What is the name of the resource you would look at to identify

the full list of the columns that can appear in AWS Cost and Usage
Reports (AWS CUR) and the services that the columns apply
to? (Select One)
A. Data Repository
B. Data Dictionary
C. Data log
D. Data Row
Correct Answer: B: Data Dictionary

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Explanation: You can analyse your usage and cost in detail once
you've set up your report.
AWS has provided a Data Dictionary that lists the columns you'll
see in your report, along with definitions and examples.

To see line-item definitions, see the AWS Data Dictionary.

31. You have been instructed by your CIO to maintain a history of

all the Cost and Usage reports for 2 years.

What service on AWS would you want use to download and store
the Cost and Usage report on so you can query it later? (Select
One)
A. AWS Redshift
B. AWS Athena
C. AWS SQS
D. AWS S3

Correct Answer: A: AWS S3

Explanation: AWS S3 is the service for storing data on AWS. You
can publish your AWS billing reports to an Amazon Simple Storage
Service (Amazon S3) bucket that you own and choose to use that
how you like.
Please refer to the AWS Documentation for more information

32. Which of the following a native tool in AWS that we would use
in our FinOps exercises to understand costing issues, get
recommendations, etc. (Select One)
A. Trusted Advisor
B. Cost Explorer
C. Cost and Usage Reports
D. SQS
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 E. Redshift

Correct Answer: B: Cost Explorer

Explanation: Cost Explorer is a free tool that AWS offers to all
customers that provides visibility across the AWS infrastructure
and has features like rightsizing, savings plans recommendations,
and cost anomaly alerting.
Cost Explorer

33. Which of following is a simple formula for cloud

spending? (Select One)
A. Spend = Discount × Rate
B. Spend = Usage × Zone x Rate – Discount
C. Spend = Usage × Rate -Discounts
D. Spend = Usage × Rate

Correct Answer: D: Spend = Usage × Rate

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Explanation: The simple formula plays a key part of deciding both
how to optimize and who in the organization takes optimization.
Usage could be the number of hours of a resource used and the
rate is the hourly (or per second) amount paid for the usage of that
resource.
Reference if you can the O’Reilly FinOps Book

34. Which of the following is true regarding teams working in

FinOps organizations? (Select Two)
A. FinOps is a decentralized structure, and it should
reflect in the teams.
B. Finance should lead the FinOps Teams.
C. Teams have different motivators that drive spend
and savings.
D. All teams have a role to play in FinOps.
Correct Answer(s): C and D: All teams have a role to play in FinOps
and Teams have different motivators that drive spend and savings.

Explanation: Some other basic realities are with FinOps teams are
1. Teams need to work together with a balance of empathy for one
another’s goals.
2. FinOps practitioners help align teams to organizational goals.
Teams inside your organization can work together to understand
one another’s goals alongside a centralized FinOps team that is
helping to build our reporting and practices to assist everyone in
achieving them.
Reference if you can the O’Reilly FinOps Book

35. According to the FinOps Foundation there are very specific

roles/personas. For the role of a product owner what would be
the "Primary Goal”? (Select One)

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 A. Deliver faster and high-quality services to the
organization, whilst maintaining business as usual
B. Accurately budget, forecast and report cloud costs.
C. Quickly bring new products and features to market
with an accurate price point.
D. Cloud platform relationship management
Correct Answer: C: Quickly bring new products and features to
market with an accurate price point.

Explanation: The product owner is focused on Product Growth

and other concerns such as delivering innovative, market leading
solutions cost effectively. Products need to get market correctly.
Please review this FinOps Framework page before the exam

36. FinOps Practitioners use ___________________________ to provide

insight into how well an organization is doing with cloud spend.
(Select One)
A. Cloud Tools
B. Cloud API’s
C. Cloud Performance Benchmarks
D. Cloud Billing Reports
Correct Answer: C: Cloud Performance Benchmarking
Explanation: Benchmarking is important because it provides a
reference to measure against. There are both internal and external
benchmarks to consider as well.
Reference Edx Course

37. When proposing the adoption of a FinOps function within an

organization, there will be a need to brief a variety of personas
among the executive team to gain approval, buy-in, and
involvement in conducting FinOps and achieving its goals. Every
role has a clearly documented Primary Goal.
What is the primary goal for a Chief Technology Officer
(CTO)? (Select One)
49
FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 A. Drive best practices into the organization through
education, standardization, and cheerleading.
B. Deliver faster and high-quality services to the
organization, whilst maintaining business as usual
C. Quickly bring new products and features to market
with an accurate price point.
D. Leverage technology to give the business a market
and competitive advantage.
Correct Answer: D: Leverage technology to give the business a
market and competitive advantage.
Explanation: There are clearly labelled roles for each "Persona”,
and we must learn these for the exam. Please reference this page
about FinOps Personas

38. FinOps Principles gives us what are called___________________to

help guide our activities in FinOps. (Select One)
A. Guiding Lights
B. North Stars
C. Polar Auroras
D. None of the Above
Correct Answer: B: North Stars
Explanation: FinOps Principles are north stars that guide the
activities of our FinOps practice. They’re developed by FinOps
Foundation members and honed through experience.

FinOps Principles

39. ______________is the idea is to measure cloud spend against a

business metric or metrics such as revenue, subscribers, etc. What
is the correct term? (Select One)

A. Macroeconomics
B. Microeconomics
C. Unit Economics
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 D. Cloud Economics

Correct Answer: C: Unit Economics

Explanation: One of the most important concepts in FinOps is Unit
Economics. The idea is to measure cloud spend against a business
metric (total revenue, shipments made, paid subscribers, customer
orders completed, etc.). Choosing the right business metric is a
complex process, one we’ll cover in the last chapter. For now, the
main thing to remember is that Unit Economics relies on almost
every aspect of FinOps, including tagging, cost allocation, cost
optimization, and FinOps operations.
Reference Edx Course - Chapter 1. What Is FinOps? / What Is
FinOps?

40. When managing cloud costs specifically around containers

there are several things in Google Cloud, we can do to manage
costs and identify these costs. Which of the following would be
ways we could break down costs? (Select Three)
A. Billing Hierarchy
B. Namespaces
C. Availability Zones
D. Labels
E. Service Level Agreement (SLA)

Correct Answers: A, B and D: Billing Hierarchy, Namespaces and

Labels.
Explanation: Google Cloud provides some robust methods to
identify costs and segment. Availability Zones is actually an
AWS concept so that’s incorrect and also incorrect would-be SLAs
since do not help manage costs.
One method, recommended by Debo Aderibigbe, a Google Cloud
Billing Product Manager, is to break down costs by:

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 ✓ Billing Hierarchy: Organizations, folders, projects,
normalizing them with cross-cloud concepts: Linked
Accounts, Tags, Subscriptions, etc.
✓ Resources: Compute cores, RAM, GPU, TPU, Load Balancers,
Persistent Disk, Custom Machines, Network Egress
✓ Namespaces: labelling specific, isolated containers
✓ Labels: Teams, cost centers, app names, environment, and
more

With a deep labelling and tagging of all these cost drivers, users
can improve the accuracy of how they invoice teams, audit costs,
allocate costs, optimize overrun costs, model budgeting scenarios,
or fit workload costs within quotas or under budget caps.

Please review this page before the exam... Calculating Container

Costs

41. In regard to the FinOps Maturity Model Guidelines which of

the following statements would be true regarding the Maturity
Level Characteristics for "Run". (Select One)
A. Automation is the not always the preferred
approach.
B. Automation and/or processes cover most of the
Capability requirements.
C. Measurements only provide insight into the
benefits of maturing the capability.
D. Capability is understood and followed by all teams
within the organization.

Correct Answer: Capability is understood and followed by all teams

within the organization.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Explanation: The guidelines and characteristics are clearly defined
by the FinOps Foundation, and these are a must know for the
exam.
RUN MATURITY CHARACTERISTICS

✓ Capability is understood and followed by all teams within the

organization.
✓ Difficult edge cases are being addressed.
✓ Very high goals/KPIs set on the measurement of success.
✓ Automation is the preferred approach.

The FinOps maturity model must be read and understood before

taking the exam!

42. Cloud Forecasting can be a challenge, especially in large

disparate organizations.
Centralization can be a helpful factor but also there are some
focus areas that we can use to "break the challenge into
addressable parts". (Select Three)

A. Tagging and cost allocation can provide insight into

resource spending.
B. Only use cloud provider tools since they are based
solely on the cloud platform.
C. Cloud forecasting is best used in organizations that
are not centralized.
D. Use communications to relay that forecasting is
being used for decision making.
E. Use forecasting models to help provide predicable
models for consistency.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Correct Answers: A, C and E: Tagging and cost allocation can
provide insight into resource spending, use forecasting models to
help provide predicable models for consistency and use
communications to relay that forecasting is being used for decision
making.
Explanation: The other answers are incorrect. For example, we
can use both third party and provider tools since some providers
may not provide all the reports, features etc we may want.
It is also a FInOps best practice to actually centralize our FinOps
practice and provide consistency in our reporting/forecasting.
Please reference the FinOps Forecasting page.

43. Your FinOps leader and mentor has reached out to you to find
out more about Azure Capabilities.
What tool in Azure would you use to implement enforcement of
Tagging on Azure? (Select One)
A. Azure Editor
B. Azure Billing
C. Azure Policy
D. Azure Monitoring
Correct Answer: C: Azure Policy
Explanation: You should use Azure Policy to enforce tagging rules
and conventions. By creating a policy, you avoid the scenario of
resources being deployed to your subscription that don't have the
expected tags for your organization. Instead of manually applying
tags or searching for resources that aren't compliant, you create a
policy that automatically applies the needed tags during
deployment.
Tags can also now be applied to existing resources with the new
Modify effect and a remediation task. The following section shows
example policy definitions for tags.
Please reference FinOps Terminology and the Microsoft Tag
Documentation.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
44. Which of the following methods would we use if we wanted to
ensure "a user defined coefficient”? (Select One)

A. Variable
B. Fixed
C. Proportional
D. Even Split

Correct Answer: B: Fixed

Explanation: There are typically three ways to split up shared
costs:

✓ Proportional: Based on relative percentage of direct costs

✓ Even split: Split total amount evenly across targets
✓ Fixed: User-defined coefficient (the sum of coefficients needs
to be 100%)

This page here is perhaps one of the most important pages to

review and understand before the exam. Identifying Shared Costs

45. Which of the following statements would be correct about

Weighted Average Cost of Capital? (Select One)

A. This is the rate the company is expected to pay on

average to all its employees to finance the
operation of the business.
B. This is the rate the company is expected to pay on
average to all its securities holders to finance the
operation of the business.
C. This is the rate the company is expected to pay on
average and the rate is set by the internal markets.
D. This is the rate the company is expected to pay to
all its security holders and the rate is set by the
shareholders.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Correct Answer: This is the rate the company is expected to pay
on average to all its securities holders to finance the operation of
the business.
Explanation: Weighted Average Cost of Capital - the rate the
company is expected to pay on average to all its securities holders
to finance the operation of the business.
Importantly this is set by the external market (what the market is
willing to pay for various forms of the company’s securities) not by
management. Please review this page before the exam.
Please review the Terminology page

46. _____________ or ____________is the foundation of telling apart

workloads in the cloud, identifying ownership, and attributing
costs to teams. (Select One)

A. Tagging or Identifying
B. Tagging or Labelling
C. Labelling or Segmenting
D. Segmenting or Identifying

Correct Answer: Tagging or Labelling.

Explanation: Tagging or labelling is the foundation of telling apart
workloads in the cloud, identifying ownership, and attributing
costs to teams.
Read more about FinOps forecasting.

47 Which of the following is the best definition of a Kubernetes

Pod? (Select One)

A. A pod consists of a group of nodes and treats them

as a single block of resources that can be scheduled
and scaled on the cluster.

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 B. A pod consists of a group of nodes and treats them
as multiple blocks of resources that can be
scheduled and scaled on the nodes.
C. A pod consists of a group of containers and treats
them as a single block of resources that can be
scheduled and scaled on the cluster.
D. A pod consists of a group of nodes and treats them
as a single block of resources that can be scheduled
and scaled on the cluster.

Correct Answer: C: A pod consists of a group of containers and

treats them as a single block of resources that can be scheduled
and scaled on the cluster.
Explanation: The other answers are incorrect and are variations of
the correct answer. Please review the terminology here for
containers.

48. Which of the following is true regarding teams working in

FinOps organizations? (Select Two)

A. All teams have a role to play in FinOps.

B. Finance should lead the FinOps Teams.
C. Teams have different motivators that drive spend
and savings.
D. FinOps is a decentralized structure, and it should
reflect in the teams.

Correct Answers: A and C: All teams have a role to play in FinOps

and Teams have different motivators that drive spend and savings.
Explanation: Some other basic realities are with FinOps teams are
1. Teams need to work together with a balance of empathy for one
another’s goals.
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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
2. FinOps practitioners help align teams to organizational goals.

Teams inside your organization are able to work together to

understand one another’s goals alongside a centralized FinOps
team that is helping to build our reporting and practices to assist
everyone in achieving them.

Reference if you can the O’Reilly FinOps Book

49. Your new team is discussing cloud spending and is wanting to

ensure they use a funding model that uses their monthly allocation
of funds.

They do not have authorization for a large procurement. What

type of funding model should be selected?

A. CAPEX
B. OPEX
C. Public
D. Private
E. Hybrid
Correct Answer(s): B: Operational Expenditures (OPEX)
Explanation: Capital Expenditures (Capex) are investments made
by an organization for long-term benefits in the future.
Operational Expenditures (Opex) are the ongoing costs related to
day-to-day operations.
Please reference this page on CloudHealthTech for more
information

50. The National Institute for Science and Technology (NIST)

provides five essential characteristics of cloud computing. Which
of the following has the correct characteristics? (Select One)

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
 A. Broad Network Access, Resource Pooling, Rapid
Elasticity, Measured Service and Replication
B. On Demand Self Service, Broad Network Access,
Resource Pooling, Rapid Elasticity, Measured Service
C. On Demand Self Service, Private Network Access,
Resource Pooling, Rapid Elasticity, Measured Service
D. Broad Network Access, Resource Pooling, Rapid
Elasticity, Measured Service and Performance

Correct Answer(s): B: Broad Network Access, Resource Pooling,

Rapid Elasticity, Measured Service and Replication
Explanation: Learning FinOps practice are important but also
being knowledgeable in cloud computing characteristics is
important as well.
The Five Essential Characteristics are.
On-demand self-service
A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities,
such as server time and network storage, as needed
automatically without requiring human interaction with each
service provider.
Broad network access.
Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through
standard mechanisms that promote use on any device.
Resource pooling.
The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple
consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical
and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned
according to consumer demand.

Rapid elasticity

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released, in some
cases automatically, to scale rapidly outward and inward
commensurate with demand.

Measured service
Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use
by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction
appropriate to the type of service.
Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported,
providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of
the utilized service.

Please reference the NIST Page regarding the Cloud Reference

Definitions

END of Pract

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FinOps Certified Practitioner (FOCP) Crash Course- 50 Mock Practice Questions
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