ME 2201: Mechanics of Materials

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan

Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering
Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology

Lectures on Mechanics of Materials

(Introduction)

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 1
 General Information

Instructor:
• Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan
• E-mail: [email protected]

Lectures:
Day
Section
Mon day Wednesday Thursday

13:20-14:35 13:20-14:35 9:40-10:30

Section-A
8A04 8A04 8A04

16:00-17:15 14:35-15:55
Section-B
8A04 9C04

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 2
 ME 2201 with in Engineering Sciences

Tai-Ran Hsu, Applied Engineering Analysis, 1st edition

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 3
 Course content covered by My self
 Stress analysis, statically indeterminate axially loaded member,
axially loaded member, thermal stresses

 Mechanical properties of materials, hook’s law, Poisson’s ratio,

modulus of elasticity, modulus of resilience, modulus of toughness,
analysis of typical stress-strain curve for ductile and brittle
materials

 Axial loaded member

 Statically indeterminate member

 Thermal stress

 Stress Transformation

 Spring
Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 4
 Text book
Mechanics of
Materials by
Andrew Pytel &
Jaan Kiusalaas

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 5
 Reference books
• James M Gere & Barry J Goodno, Mechanics of Materials

• R. C Hibbeler, Mechanics of Materials

• Ferdinand P Beer, E Russell Johnston, Jr., John T

DeWolf, David F Mazurek, Mechanics of Materials

• William Riley, Leroy Sturges, Don Morris Mechanics of

Materials

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 6
 Expectations
o It is recommended that students should take his/her
own class notes during the class.

o Continuous assessments will be taken during the

class??????.

o Homework will be provided during the class.

Homework should be hand-written, if someone
wish to show me.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 7
 Expectations
Before class:
 Actively participate in the discussion during the
class
During class:
 We will use static slides as a reference for the
fundamental concepts
 We will work out some problems and derivations
together on the whiteboard
 It is recommended that you take your own notes
during class
 Most importantly: Actively participate in the
class!

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 8
 Expectations
Attendance:
 Attendance is expected for all class. If anyone is unable to
attend on any day, please contact me prior to the class time
via email.

Leaving class:
 You are expected to arrive/join to class on time and remain
in the classroom throughout the class period.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 9
 Statics and Mechanics of Materials
• In Statics, the body under consideration is assumed to be perfectly
rigid, and does not deform when forces are applied. Solutions to
statistics problems involve determining external forces acting on
some structures and internal forces developed in others by using
free body diagrams and the appropriate equilibrium equations.
• Solution process involves only three basic steps
• Construct a complete set of free body diagrams
• Apply the appropriate equations of equilibrium
• Execute the mathematics required to solve one or more of the
equilibrium equations.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 10
 Learning Objectives
• Mechanics of materials is an extension of statics. Here we account for the
effect of material deformation on the internal stresses generated by a
body.
• Solutions to problems that arise in the mechanics of materials involve the
five steps:
• Construct a complete set of free body diagrams
Step-1

• Apply the appropriate equations of equilibrium

Step-2

• Assume the geometry of the deformations (plane section remain plane)

Step-3

• Employ the appropriate relations between stress and strain

Step-4

• Execute the mathematics required in solving the equations

Step-5

L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 11

 Newton’s 1st Law
• The first of Newton’s may be written as:
𝑭𝟏 + 𝑭𝟐 + ⋯ … … … … … … … . . +𝑭𝒏 = 𝟎 (vector representation)
where 𝑛 forces are acting on the body
• The above equation is used extensively in both statics and
mechanics of materials, when the equilibrium equations are written.

The equivalent scalar equations are

෍ 𝑭𝒙 = 𝟎, ෍ 𝑭𝒚 = 𝟎, 𝒂𝒏𝒅 ෍ 𝑭𝒛 = 𝟎

𝐹1𝑥 + 𝐹2𝑥 + ⋯ … . +𝐹𝑛𝑥 = 0; 𝐹1𝑦 + 𝐹2𝑦 + ⋯ … . +𝐹𝑛𝑦 = 0

𝐹1𝑧 + 𝐹2𝑧 + ⋯ … . +𝐹𝑛𝑧 = 0

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 12
 Newton’s Laws
𝐹1𝑥 + 𝐹2𝑥 + ⋯ … . +𝐹𝑛𝑥 = 0
𝐹1𝑦 + 𝐹2𝑦 + ⋯ … . +𝐹𝑛𝑦 = 0
𝐹1𝑧 + 𝐹2𝑧 + ⋯ … . +𝐹𝑛𝑧 = 0

• The direction of the forces in this equation have been taken into
account by considering only those forces in either the 𝑥, 𝑦 or 𝑧
directions.

• When the forces are constrained to the three Cartesian directions,

the scalar form of the equilibrium equations is employed.

• Note that when the forces act in directions other than the Cartesian
directions, the force vectors must first be decomposed into their
components acting in the 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑧 directions, before they can be
used in the scalar equations

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 13
 Newton’s 2nd Law
• Newton’s second law is
𝒅
෍𝑭 = 𝒎𝒗 = 𝒎𝒂
𝒅𝒕
This equation is used frequently in the study of dynamics
When the sum of forces is not zero, a body of mass 𝑚 is subjected to
an acceleration 𝒂.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 14
 Newton’s 3rd Law
• Newton’s third law is called the law of action and reaction.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 15
 Force systems-Non-coplanar and non-concurrent
• When a body is subjected to non-coplanar and non-concurrent
forces and is in equilibrium, the directions and magnitude of 𝐹1 , 𝐹2 ..
𝐹𝑛 must satisfy the six Cartesian component equations

σ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, σ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 σ 𝐹𝑧 = 0
σ 𝑀𝑥 = 0, σ 𝑀𝑦 = 0, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 σ 𝑀𝑧 = 0

The forces which do not lie in a

single plane and do not pass
through a single point are known
as non-coplanar and non-
concurrent forces

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 16
 Force systems-Non-coplanar and concurrent
• When a body is subjected to non-coplanar and concurrent forces
and is in equilibrium, the directions and magnitude of 𝐹1 , 𝐹2 .. 𝐹𝑛
must satisfy the three Cartesian component equations

෍ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, ෍ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ෍ 𝐹𝑧 = 0

σ 𝑀𝑥 = σ 𝑀𝑦 = σ 𝑀𝑧 = 0

Due to concurrency, no moment occur.

Example is forces acting at the top end of
an electrical pole

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 17
 Force systems-Coplanar and non-concurrent
• When a body is subjected to coplanar and non-concurrent forces
and is in equilibrium, the directions and magnitude of 𝐹1 , 𝐹2 .. 𝐹𝑛
must satisfy the three Cartesian component equations
෍ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, ෍ 𝐹𝑦 = 0, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ෍ 𝐹𝑧 = 0

The remaining three equations of

equilibrium are satisfied independently of
the solution for the three possible
unknowns.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 18
 Force systems-coplanar and concurrent
• This category is the simplest of the four force systems because
equilibrium is satisfied by using only the following two equations:
෍ 𝐹𝑥 = 0, ෍ 𝐹𝑦 = 0

The other four equilibrium relations are satisfied automatically and

they do not provide useful information.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 19
 Recap: Reactive forces and Support conditions

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 20
 Recap: Reactive forces and Support conditions

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 21
 Recap: Reactive forces and Support conditions

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 22
 Recap: Reactive forces and Support conditions

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 23
 Recap: Reactive forces and Support conditions

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 24
 Recap: Reactive forces and Support conditions

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 25
 Recap: Reactive forces and Support conditions

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 26
 Free body Diagrams (FBDs)
 The equations of equilibrium may be applied to:
• A single body or member
• A structure made of several members
• A portion of a multi-member structure formed by a
section cut
• A part of a body or structure that has been formed by
two or more section cuts
• An element removed from a body

 A FBD is a model. Its purpose is to simplify the physical

representation of the structure by omitting its fine details that are
not necessary in solving an equilibrium problem.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 27
 Recap: How to draw FBD
 Select and draw bodies or parts of interest to be shown in the
FBD

 Identify and draw the body and surface forces applied on the
bodies

 Discard contacting bodies that are not wanted and replace

them with the forces they exert to the body of interest

 Cut the body parts that are not wanted and replace them with
internal forces they exert to the body of interest

 Decide and locate a coordinate system

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 28
 Recap: Discarded bodies and the replacement forces
Contacting Forces normal and/or tangential to
bodies the FBD surfaces

String/cable/axially Forces with line of actions that

loaded members coincide with the member axis

Body parts A distributed force called stress

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 29
 Recap: FBD example-block

W= weigth of the box (downward)

N= normal force (perpendicular to the removed surface)
F=friction force (opposite direction of the motion/applied forces)

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 30
 Recap: FBD example-contact problem

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 31
 Recap: FBD example-pulley tension

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 32
 Example problem-1
In the figure given below, a 100 N block is supported at several
points. Gravity acts downward in the –y direction at the indicated
center of gravity (CG), and surface at B is rough. Define the
system as the block. (i) Explain why this figure is not a free body
diagram and (ii) crate a free body diagram of the system.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 33
 Example problem-2
In the figure given below, a block is supported at several points
and subjected to a 10lb force and 40 in. lb moment at C. Gravity
acts downward in the –y direction at the indicated CG. Create a
free-body diagram of the system.

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan (AUST) L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 34
 Next lecture
• The basics

Dr. Md. Shahnewaz Bhuiyan L-3, T-1, Dept. MPE, Program :ME ME 2201 Mechanics of Materials 35