Reg.

Number:

Model Question Paper

Programme : Online M.Sc. Data Science Semester : I

Course Title : Probability and Distribution Models Course Code : OLMDS502
Faculty : Class Nbr :
Duration : 2 Hrs. 30 Mins. Max. Marks : 100

PART – A
Answer All the Questions (10 X 1 Marks = 10 Marks)

Q.No. Question Description Marks

1. According to the statistical definition of probability, the probability of an event 𝐴 is …. 1
a) Limiting value of the ratio of the number of times the event 𝐴 occurs
to the number of times the experiment is repeated
b) The ratio of the frequency of the occurrences of 𝐴
to the nonoccurence of 𝐴
c) The ratio of the frequency of the occurrences of 𝐴
to the total frequency
d) The ratio of the favourable elementary events to 𝐴
to the total number of elementary values
2. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are mutually exclusive events, then …….. 1

a) 𝑃(𝐴) = 𝑃(𝐴 − 𝐵)
b) 𝑃(𝐴) = 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
c) 𝑃(𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴 − 𝐵)
d) 𝑃(𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
1 2 1
3. If 𝑃(𝑎1 ) = 0, 𝑃(𝑎2 ) = 3 , 𝑃(𝑎3 ) = 3; then 𝑆 = {𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 } is a probability space,
a) False
b) True
c) Both
d) None of these
4. If two events 𝐴 and 𝐵 are independent, then------- 1
a) They can not be exhaustive
b) They can not be mutually exclusive
c) They can be mutually exclusive
d) Both b and c
5. The probability distribution of a random variable is as follows: Find the value of 𝑘 ? 1

𝑥 1 2 4 6 8
𝑝 𝑘 2𝑘 3𝑘 3𝑘 𝑘
a) 3.1
b) 4.41
c) 3.32
d) 3.47
6. Expected value of a random variable…… 1

a) Is always positive

Page 1 of 6
 b) May be positive or negative
c) May be positive or negative or zero
d) Can never be zero

7. The result of ODI matches between India and Pakisthan follows…… 1

a) Binomial Distribution
b) Normal Distribution
c) Poisson Distribution
d) Either b or c

8. When 𝑝 is larger than 0.5, the binomial distribution is ….. 1

a) Asymmetrical
b) Symmetrical
c) Both
d) None of these

9. Because of the symmetry of normal distribution the median and the mode have the -----value 1
as that of the mean
a) Smaller
b) Greater
c) Same
d) None of these
10. What is the critical region in hypothesis testing? 1
a) The range of values where the null hypothesis is likely true
b) The range of values where the null hypothesis is likely false
c) The range of values that leads to rejection of the null hypothesis
d) The range of values that leads to acceptance of the null hypothesis

PART – B

Answer All the Questions (2 X 15 Marks = 30 Marks)

11. The key for a door is in a bunch of 10 keys. A man attempts to open the door by trying keys at 2
random discrording the wrong key. The probability that the door is opend in the fifth trial is
…..

a) 0.1
b) 0.2
c) 0.4
d) 0.6

2
The probabilities of two events 𝐴 and 𝐵 are 0.25 and 0.40 respectively. The probability that
12. both 𝐴 and 𝐵 occure is 0.15. The probability that neither 𝐴 nor 𝐵 occurs is……
a) 0.35
b) 0.65
c) 0.5
d) 0.75

Page 2 of 6
 If 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 0.15, 𝑃(𝐵 𝐶 ) = 0.10, then 𝑃(𝐴/𝐵) is…….
2
13. 1
a) 3
1
b) 4
1
c) 5
1
d) 6

14. A speaks truth in 75% of cases and B in 80% of cases. In what percentage of cases are they 2
likely to contradict each other, narrating the same incident?

a) 30%
b) 35%
c) 40%
d) 45%
15. Find the probability of success 𝑃 for a binomial distribution, if 𝑛 = 6, and 4𝑃(𝑋 = 4) = 2
𝑃(𝑋 = 2).
1
a) 3
b) −1
c) 0
d) a and b both

16. Which of the following probability distributions description is right 2

a) Geometric Distribution: The number of Bernoulli trials needed to get one success
b) Negative Binomial: The number of Bernoulli trials needed to get one failure
c) Normal Distribution: The probability of events occurring before the mode is not the
same as after
d) Weibull Distribution : Symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean
are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean

17. 𝑋 is a normal variable with mean =5 and S.D. 10. Find the value of b such that the probability 2
of the interval [25, b] is 0.4772.
a) 45
b) 35
c) 55
d) 65
18 When Stéphane plays chess against his favorite computer program, he wins with probability
0.60, loses with probability 0.10, and 30% of the games result is a draw. Assume independence. 2
Find the probability that Stéphane’s first win happens when he plays his third game.
a) 1
b) 0.096
c) 0.086
d) 0.5

19. Given that the PDF of a random variable 𝑋 is 𝑓(𝑋) = 𝐾𝑋, 0 < 𝑋 < 1 find 𝐾? 2

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) Undefined

Page 3 of 6
20. The time to pass through a security screening at an airport follows an exponential distribution.
The mean time to pass through the security screening is 15 minutes. To catch the flight, a 2
passenger must clear the security screening within 15 minutes. The probability that the
passenger will miss the flight is _______.
a) 0.300
b) 0.5
c) 0.15
d) 0.368

21. Which of the following built in function defined wrongly 2

a) sum() – returns the sum of a numeric vector

b) abs() – returns the absulute value of a number
c) print() – displays an R object on the console
d) ncol() – returns the nth columns of a matrix or a dataframe

22. Which of the following stated correctly 2

I) Type I Error: The null hypothesis 𝐻0 is accepted even though it is correct.

II) Type II Error: The null hypothesis 𝐻0 is accepted even though it is wrong.

a) I is True
b) II is True
c) I & II both are True
d) I & II both are False

23. Test of hypothesis 𝐻0 : 𝜇 = 25 against 𝐻1 : µ ≠ 20 leads to: 2

(a) Right one-sided test

(b) Publication bias
(c) Left one-sided test
(d) Two tailed

24. Statement: When using the chi-square goodness of fit test, if the value of the chi-square 2
statistic is large enough, we reject the null hypothesis
a) True
b) False
25. The mean of the heights of 12 males of a given locality are found to be 66 inches. Is it reasonable 2
to believe that the average height is grater than 63 inches. Find the t test statistic value
a) 2
b) 2.42
c) 3.4
d) 4.1

Page 4 of 6
 PART – C

Answer any six Questions (6 X 10 Marks = 60 Marks)

26.
a) A man and his wife appear for an interview for two posts. The probability of the
1 1 10
husbends selection is 7 and that of the wifs selection is 5. What is the probability that
only one of them will be selected. (4 Marks)

b) A new pregnancy test was given to 100 pregnant women and 100 non-pregnant women.
The test indicated pregnancy of 92 of 100 and to 12 of the 100 non-pregnant women. If
a randomly selected woman takes this test and the test indicates that she is pregnant.
What is the probability that she was not pregnant ? (6 Marks)

27. a) Find the variance of a random variable whose pdf (5 Marks) 10

𝑥
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 1,2,3,4,5.
𝑓(𝑥) = {15
0 𝑜𝑡h𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒

b) The joint probability distribution of two random variables 𝑋 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑌 is given by:
1 1 1
𝑃(𝑋 = 0, 𝑌 = 1) = 3 , 𝑃(𝑋 = 1, 𝑌 = −1) = 3 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃(𝑋 = 1, 𝑌 = 1) = 3.
Find marginal distributions of 𝑋 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑌. (5 Marks)
28. a) If 𝑥 is a poisson variate such that P(𝑥 = 2) = 9𝑃(𝑥 = 4) + 90𝑃(𝑥 = 6), 10
find the mean of 𝑥. (4 Marks)
b) The life time of a certain kind of batteries has a mean life of 400 hours and standard deviation
as 45 hours. Assuming the distribution of life time to be normal, find (6 Marks)
i. The percentage of batteries with a life time of atleast 470 hours.
ii. The proportion of batteries with a life time between 385 and 415 hours.
iii. The minimum life of the best 5% of batteries
29. a) Five percent of the electric bulbs manufactured by a company are defective. Using normal 10
approximation , find the probability that in a sample of 400 bulbs, 30 or more will be defective.
(4 Marks)
b) The time (in hours) required to repair a watch is exponentially distributed with mean 2
i. What is the probability that the repair the time exceeds 3 hours?
ii. What is the probability that a repair takes 10 hours given that duration exceeds 7
hours? (6 Marks)
30. a) Suppose that the lifetime of a device (in hours) has the gamma distribution with shape 10
parameter 𝛼 = 4 and scale parameter 𝛽 = 100. . (5 Marks)
i. Find the probability that the device will last more than 300 hours.
ii. Find the mean and standard deviation of the lifetime.
b) The length of life X, in hours of an item in a machine shop has a Weibull distribution
with 𝛼 = 0.1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽 = 1.5 (5 Marks)
i. What is the probability that it fails before 2 hours of usage?
ii. Determine the failure rates.

Page 5 of 6
31. a) The average breaking strength of the steel rods is specified to be 18.5 thousand pounds. 10
To test this sample of 14 rods were tested. The mean and standard deviation obtained
were 17.85 and 1.855 respectively. Is the result of experiment significant? (5 Marks)

b) A sample of 400 items is taken from a population whose standard deviation is 10. The
mean of the sample is 40. Test whether the sample has come from a population with
mean 38. (5 marks)
32. a) A sample analysis of examination results of 500 students was made. It was found that 10
220 students had failed. 170 had secured a third class, 90 were placed in second class
and 20 got a first class. Do these figures commensurate with the general examination
result which is in the ratio of 4:3:2:1 for the various ctegories respectively. (5 Marks)

b) Discuss about Exploratory data analysis by R (5 Marks)

******

Page 6 of 6