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Hydrologic Modeling System

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21 views37 pages

Hydrologic Modeling System

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metalika_1981
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Introduction of Hydrologic Modeling System ( HEC-HMS )

Presentation · December 2018


DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.35554.58560

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Eman Hani Mohammed S. Shamkhi


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Wasit university
College of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
Water resources -M.Sc
Advanced Hydrology

Hydrologic Modeling System ( HEC – HMS )

By
Eman Hani Hameed

Supervised by
Assistant Prof. Dr.Mohammed siwan
Introduction of HEC-HMS

-The Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) is designed to simulate


the complete hydrologic processes of dendritic watershed systems
-HEC –HMS is a product of the Hydrological Engineering center within the
U.S Army Corps of Engineering
-The software includes many traditional hydrologic analysis procedures
such as event infiltration, unit hydrographs, and hydrologic routing.
-The software features a completely integrated work environment
including a database, data entry utilities, computation engine, and results
reporting tools
- A graphical user interface allows the user seamless movement between
the different parts of the software.

Simulation results are stored in HEC-DSS (Data Storage System) and can
be used in conjunction with other software for studies of water availability,
urban drainage, flow forecasting, reservoir spillway design, flood damage
reduction, floodplain regulation, and systems operation
Features of HEC - HMS

Watershed Physical Description


The physical representation of a watershed is accomplished with a basin model.
Hydrologic elements are connected in a dendritic network to simulate runoff
processes. Available elements are: subbasin, reach, junction, reservoir, diversion,
source, and sink. Computation proceeds from upstream elements in a downstream
direction.
the sub-basin element is used to convert rainfall to runoff. So the information on methods
used to compute loss rates, hydrograph transformation and baseflow is required for
each sub-basin element
losses
-An assortment of different methods are available to simulate infiltration losses. Options
for event modeling include initial constant, SCS curve number, exponential, Green
Ampt, and Smith Parlange.
.
BASE FLOW
Five methods are included for representing baseflow contributions to subbasin
outflow . Include Bounded Recession , Constant monthly
,linear Reservoir , Nonlinear boussinesq and Recession
ROUTING
A total of six hydrologic routing methods are included for simulating
open channels . Include kinematic wave , lag , Modified plus , flow
Muskingum , Muskingum – Cunge and straddle Stagger
Transform
Sevral methods are included for transforming excess precipitation into
surface runoff. Unit hydrograph methods include the Clark, Snyder,
SCS techniques , the kinematic wave and scs unit hydrograph .
Meteorology Description
Meteorologic data analysis is performed by the meteorologic model and
includes precipitation, evapotranspiration, and snowmelt . Methods iclude
specified hyetograph , scs storm , gage weight , ferquency storm ,inverse
distance ,standard project storm and six methods for evapotransipiration.
And two methods for compute snowmelt
Opening the program

ALL HEC-HMS
Start HEC
apps 4.2.1

The program interface


The HEC-HMS interface consists of a menu bar, tool bar, and four panes. These
panes are referred to as the Watershed Explorer, the Component Editor, the
Message Log and the Desktop. More description on these panes, menus and
tools is provided when they are used later in the exercise.
The program interface
Menu
bar
Tool
bar
Watershed
Explorer

Desktop

Component
Editor Message log
Hydrologic Elements
Subbasin used for rainfall-runoff computation on watershed

Reach used to convey (route) from upstream to downstream in the basin


model
Reservoir – Used to model the detention and attenuation of a hydrograph
caused by a reservoir or detention pond

Junction – Used to combine flows from upstream reaches and sub-


basins
Diversion – Used to model abstraction of flow from the main channel

Source – Used to introduce flow into the basin model (from a stream
crossing the boundary of the modeled region). Source has no inflow
Sink – Used to represent the outlet of the physical watershed. Sink has no
outflow.
Application in the HEC – HMS

Creating HEC-HMS PROJECT:

Name of
project & Create
FILE NEW
Description
Creating Basin Model
The Basin Model contains information relevant to the physical attributes of the
model, such as basin areas, river reach connectivity, or reservoir data.
first an empty model is created and then it is populated with all the necessary
information needed to create the complete description of a basin model also
includes information on the mathematical methods that will be used in simulating
the hydrology of the basin, and the values for all the variables in those equations
watershed . In addition to including physical description ,
Chane defaults forom tools program settings defaults

Change loss method to scs curve number


Change transform method to scs unit hydrograph
Chose muskingum to reach routing
create the network element

the watershed will be presented with four subbasins , two routing reaches with two junctions
and outlet
1-Add four subbasins elements .select the subbasin icon on the tool bar
2-Add two reache elements click first when you want the upstream end of the reach
to be located . Click a second where you want the downstream end of the reach .
3-Add two junction elements
4-Create outlet for watershed from icon (create sink tool)
Enter the area of subbasin1 =20km2 and subbasin2=15 and , subbasin3=22 km2 and
sunasins4=22 km2
From parameters chose loss and then scs curve number to input parameters
For SCS Curve Number method, each sub-basin requires a value for the Curve
Number . The Curve Number was added when you used HECGeoHMS to create
the basin file. Depended on soil type and land use
Click apply .
Paramters transform scs unit hydrograph

Input the lag for each subbasin and click


apply
The reach element route flows, only one method (routing) is associated with it.
Click on the drop-down menu to look at choices available for routing flows.
The Muskingum method is specified here, which is the routing technique used
for the reaches in this model.
This simulation routes the water through the reaches by the Muskingum method
in which K is the travel time of a flood wave passing through the reach, X is a
measure of the degree of storage (X = 0 means a level-pool reservoir or
maximum storage, X = 0.5 means a pure transmission reach in which there are
no storage effects, and X ranges between 0 and 0.5).
Parameters Routing muskingum
Creating precipitation gage
To create a precipitation gage, go to Components Editor, Time Series Data Manager.
Select Data Types as precipitation gages, and click on New.
populate the information for time series gauge as below.
Select Gage 1 in watershed explorer and change the time interval to 1 hour in the
component editor as shown below.
Enter the information of precipitation and time in the table
Creating a Meteorologic Model
A meteorologic model or file contains meteorologic information to drive the
hydrologic simulation
you will need a meteorologic model to describe the meteorology (e.g., rainfall) of
the watershed

COMPONENTS Meteorologic Model Manger New MET1


Click on Met 1 in the watershed explorer and then click on the Basins tab in the
Component editor, and then click Yes on Include sub-basins. We are going to
use the Specified Hyetograph method and put some rainfall in associated
with a gage. But, first, lets used the Basins tab to let the Meteorologic Model
know that we are applying this meteorology to the Subbasins in this model:
Next, select the specified hyetograph label in watershed explorer, and then select Gage1
for subbasin-1 and subbasin2 in the component editor as shown below.
Creating a Control Specification Model
The control specification file basically tells HEC-HMS how long the simulation
will last and the time step to continue the simulation. We cannot run a HEC-
HMS simulation without creating a control specification file. To create a
control specification model, go to Components, Control Specification
Manager.. and create New. Accept the default name, enter some basic
description, and the click Create.
This will prompt the control specifications tab in the component editor. Specify
the duration of the simulation in date and time, and also the time interval of
the calculations as shown below.
Creating a Simulation Run
To create a simulation Run go to Compute, Create Compute, Simulation Run.
Accept the default name Run 1 and then accept all the default models and
finish creating the run. Save the project.
Running a Simulation
(alternatively you can click the compute run tool in the tool bar
Looking at Results
To look at the results from simulation, you will use the Results Tab in
the Watershed Explorer Window and then select the Run as shown
below
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