Ideal Turbojet Overview (P9 = P0)

diffuser compressor burner turbine nozzle

P T 4
1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9
3 4
0 3
9
0 9 0

v s
Thrust
 M 9  T9 
1/ 2

T / m 0  a0 M 0 1  f     1
 M 0  T0  

Some properties
1/ 2
πd = πn = πb = 1; τd = τn = 1; T9 / T0 = τb = τλ / (τr τc); M 9  r c t  1
 
M0   r 1 
 1 Tt , 4  c   c   ;
 1
r 1 M 02 ;     b c r ; f 
hf
2 T0 C PT0

Compressor-Turbine Matching Fuel mass flow fraction, f

    r c
f 
1  1  f  b c   c 1  1  f   /  r   c  f  
t  
1  f  b c 1  f   /  r

For Maximum Thrust Specific Impulse (f << 1)

 I sp  T /( m
 0 gf )
 c ,max  
r

Efficiencies
Propulsive efficiency (ηp) Thermal efficiency (ηth) Overall efficiency (ηO)

f << 1 f << 1 O  Pth

2
P  1/ 2
    1
   th  1 
1   r    1 c  1     r c

 r  1  
 r c   r c 
 1200 4000 1.0

1100 c = 30
3500 c = 30 c = 30  = 10
1000 c
c = 10 0.8
900 3000 c = 10

Propulsive Efficiency
800
T/mdot0 [m/s]

2500
c = 3 c = 3 0.6 c = 1

Isp [sec]
700

600 2000

500
1500 0.4 c = 3
400

300 1000
0.2
200 c = 1 c = 1
500
100
0 0.0
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
M0 M0
M0

1.0 1.0
Graphs for T0 = 220 K, Tt,4 = 1600 K, γ
0.9 0.9
= 1.4, CP = 1005 J/kg/K, and hf = 42.8
0.8 c = 30
0.8 MJ/kg
0.7 c = 30 c = 10

Overall Efficiency
0.7
Thermal Efficiency

0.6 c = 10 0.6
c = 3
0.5
0.5
c = 3 0.4
c = 1
0.4
0.3
0.3
c = 1 0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
M0
M0

1200 5000 1.0

M0 = 0
M0 = 3 0.9
M0 = 0 M0 = 1 M0 = 3
1000
4000 0.8
M0 = 1 M0 = 2

Propulsive Efficiency
0.7 M0 = 2
800
T/mdot0 [m/s]

3000 0.6
Isp [sec]

M0 = 2

600 0.5
M0 = 1
2000 0.4

400 0.3
M0 = 3
1000 0.2
200
0.1
M0 = 0 - prop eff is zero
0
0.0
0 0 10 20 30 40
0 10 20 30 40
0 10 20 30 40
c
c
c

1.0 1.0
Graphs for T0 = 220 K, Tt,4 = 1600 K, γ
0.9
M0 = 3
0.9 = 1.4, CP = 1005 J/kg/K, and hf = 42.8
0.8 M0 = 2
0.8
M0 = 3
MJ/kg
0.7 0.7
Overall Efficiency
Thermal Efficiency

M0 = 1
0.6
0.6
M0 = 2
M0 = 0 0.5
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3 M0 = 1
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1 M0 = 0 - overall eff is zero
0.0
0.0 0 10 20 30 40
0 10 20 30 40
c
c