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Chemistry PRACTICAL Project
To prepare a sample of cuprammonium

rayon threads from filter paper
Submitted By:
Love Pachauri
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL
M.R.NAGAR, MATHURA
Submitted for:
AISSCE (XII) 2024-25
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF:
MR. IMENDRA YADAV (P.G.T)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to extend my sincere and heartfelt
obligation towards all those who have helped me in
making this project. Without their active guidance,
help, cooperationand encouragement, I would not have
been able to present the project on time.
I am extremely thankful and pay my sincere gratitude to

myTeacher Mr. IMENDRA YADAV and my lab
assistant teacher Mr. K.C. UPADHYAY for their
valuable guidance and support for completion of this
project.
I extend my sincere gratitude to my Principal Mr.

SALENDER SINGH GREWAL for the moral support
extended during tenure of this project.
I also acknowledge with a deep sense of reverence, my

gratitude towards my parents, other faculty members of
the school and friends for their valuable suggestions
given to me in completing the project.
Love Pachauri
XII-A
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work on “ To prepare a
sample of cuprammonim rayon threads from filter paper
” based on The Curriculum of CBSE has been
completed by Love Pachauri Of Class XII-A of
DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL MATHURA
REFINERY NAGAR, MATHURA.
The above mentioned project work has been completed

under my guidance during the academic year 2024-25
PLACE: Mathura
DATE:
Mr. IMENDRA KUMAR

YADAV
Declaration
I hereby declare that the project

“ To prepare a sample of cuprammonim
rayon threads from filter paper ”
is Submitted by me for CBSE Practical
Examination
(AISSCE) 2024-25
Love Pachauri
XII-A
Index:
o Aim
o Apparatus Required
o Chemicals Required
o Background
o Introduction
o Procedure
o Precautions
o Bibliography
AIM :
To prepare a sample of cuprammonium

rayon threads from filter paper.
Apparatus Required:
a) Conical flask (preferably 250 ml)

b) Funnel
c) Glass rod
d) Beaker (preferably 250 ml)
e) Water bath
f) Filter paper (Whatman paper or
ordinary filter paper sheets. Preferably,
Whatman).
Chemicals Required:
a) CuSO4
b) NaOH solution
c) Liquor ammonia solution
d) Dilute H2SO4
e) Whatman Paper
f) Distilled H2O
Background:
Rayon is a synthetic fiber produced from cellulose.

Developed in an attempt to produce silk
chemically, it was originally called artificial silk or
wood silk. Rayon is a regenerated fiber, because
cellulose is converted to a liquid compound and
then back to cellulose in the form of fiber. For
example, cuprammonium rayon is made by
dissolving cellulose in an ammoniacal copper
sulphate solution.
The characteristics of rayon fibers are:

 They are highly absorbent,
 Soft and comfortable,
 Easy to dye &
 Drape well.
Introduction:
 Cellulose is nature’s own giant molecule. It is the fibrous
material that every plant from seaweed to the sequoia
makes by baking glucose molecules in long chains; the
chains are bound together in the fibers that give plants
their shape and strength.
 Wood has now become the main source of cellulose.
Since it contains only 40% to 50% cellulose, the
substance must be extracted by ‘pulping’. The logs are
flaked, and then simmered in chemicals that dissolve
the tarry lignin, resins and minerals.
 The remaining pulp, about 93% cellulose, is dried and
rolled into sheets-raw material for paper, rayon and
other products.
It can be obtained in 2 ways:

1. Viscose Process: Cellulose is soaked in 30% caustic
soda solution for about 3 hrs. The alkali solution is
removed and the product is treated with CS2. This
gives cellulose xanthate, which is dissolved in NaOH
solution to give viscous solution. This is filtered and
forced through a spinneret into a dilute H2SO4
solution, both of which harden the gum-like thread
into rayon fibers. The process of making viscose
was discovered by C.F.Cross and E.J.Bevan in 1891.
2. Cuprammonium Rayon: Cuprammonium rayon is
obtained by dissolving pieces of filter paper in a
deep blue solution containing tetra-ammine cupric
hydroxide. The latter is obtained from a solution of
copper sulphate. To it, NH4OH solution is added to
precipitate cupric hydroxide, which is then
dissolved in excess of NH3
Reactions:
CuSO4 + 2NH4OH → Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4

Pale blue ppt
Cu(OH)2 + 4NH4OH → *Cu(NH3)4](OH)2 + 4H2O
[Cu(NH3)4](OH)2 + pieces of filter paper left for 10-15 days

give a viscous solution called VISCOSE.
Procedure:
A. Preparation of Schweitzer’s Solution:
a) Way 20g of CuSO4.5H20.
b) Transfer this to a beaker having 100ml distilled water and

add 15ml of dilute H2SO4 to prevent hydrolysis of CuSO4.
c) Stir it with a glass rod till a clear solution is obtained. Add

11ml of liquor ammonia drop by drop with slow stirring.
The precipitate of cupric hydroxide is separated out.
d) Filter the solution containing cupric hydroxide through a

funnel with filter paper.
e) Wash the precipitate of cupric hydroxide with water until

the filtrate fails to give a positive test for sulphate ions with
barium chloride solution.
f) Transfer the precipitate to a beaker that contains 50ml of

liquor ammonia or wash it down the funnel. The precipitate
when dissolved in liquor ammonia gives a deep blue
solution of tetra-ammine cupric hydroxide. This is known as
SCHWEITZER’S SOLUTION.
B. Preparation of Cellulose material
a) After weighing 2g of filter paper divide it into very fine

pieces and then transfer these pieces to the tetra-
ammine
cupric hydroxide solution in the beaker.
b) Seal the flask and keep for 10 to 15 days, during this

period the filter paper is dissolved completely.
C. Formation of Rayon Thread
a) Take 50ml of distilled water in a glass container. To this

add 20ml of conc H2SO4 drop by drop. Cool the solution
under tap water. In a big glass container pour some of the
solution.
b) Fill the syringe with cellulose solution prepared before.
c) Place the big glass container containing H2SO4 solution

produced before in ice (the reaction being spontaneous
results in excess release of energy in the form of heat
which makes the fibers weak and breaks them).
d) Immerse the tip of the syringe in the solution and press

gently. Notice the fibers getting formed in the acid bath.
Continue to move your hand and keep pressing the syringe
to extrude more fibers into the bath.
e) Leave the fibers in solution till they decolorize and

become strong enough.
f) Filter and wash with distilled water

Precautions:
a) Addition of excess NH3 should be avoided.
b) Before taking the viscose in the syringe make

sure that it does not contain any particles of
paper, otherwise, it would clog the needle of
the syringe.
c) Addition of NH3 should be done in a fume

cupboard and with extreme care. The fumes if
inhaled may cause giddiness.
d) Use a thick needle otherwise the fibers won’t

come out.
Bibliography:
o Chemistry Textboox XII

NCERT
o Lab Manual
o Library
o www.cbseportal.com

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Chemistry PRACTICAL Project

To prepare a sample of cuprammonium

I am extremely thankful and pay my sincere gratitude to

I extend my sincere gratitude to my Principal Mr.

I also acknowledge with a deep sense of reverence, my

The above mentioned project work has been completed

Mr. IMENDRA KUMAR

I hereby declare that the project

To prepare a sample of cuprammonium

a) Conical flask (preferably 250 ml)

Rayon is a synthetic fiber produced from cellulose.

The characteristics of rayon fibers are:

It can be obtained in 2 ways:

CuSO4 + 2NH4OH → Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4

[Cu(NH3)4](OH)2 + pieces of filter paper left for 10-15 days

b) Transfer this to a beaker having 100ml distilled water and

c) Stir it with a glass rod till a clear solution is obtained. Add

d) Filter the solution containing cupric hydroxide through a

e) Wash the precipitate of cupric hydroxide with water until

f) Transfer the precipitate to a beaker that contains 50ml of

a) After weighing 2g of filter paper divide it into very fine

b) Seal the flask and keep for 10 to 15 days, during this

C. Formation of Rayon Thread

a) Take 50ml of distilled water in a glass container. To this

b) Fill the syringe with cellulose solution prepared before.

c) Place the big glass container containing H2SO4 solution

d) Immerse the tip of the syringe in the solution and press

e) Leave the fibers in solution till they decolorize and

f) Filter and wash with distilled water

a) Addition of excess NH3 should be avoided.

b) Before taking the viscose in the syringe make

c) Addition of NH3 should be done in a fume

d) Use a thick needle otherwise the fibers won’t

o Chemistry Textboox XII

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