Digital Images Processing
Digital Images Processing
DIGITAL IMAGES
PROCESSING
Presented by: Nguyễn Xuân Đạt
Liêu Phong
Phan Anh Minh
Trịnh Trường Vũ
Hồ Trung Tới
OVERVIEW
What is DIP ?
Digital image processing is using
computer algorithms to perform
various operations on digital
images, to enhance, manipulate, or
extract useful information from the
image. It involves the application
of mathematical and
computational techniques to
digitized image data.
DIGITAL IMAGES
PROCESSING METHODS
DIGITAL IMAGES
PROCESSING lo g ical
o
Histogra Morph
m Gray Level e ra tion
op
Transformations
METHODS
There are numerous digital image
processing techniques available,
such as image segmentation, edge
detection, and color correction;
however, for this project, we will
primarily focus on the utilization of Image
segmen
tation Spatial
the following methods.
filters
HISTOGRAM
Introduction
What is HISTOGRAM ?
A histogram is a graphical
representation of the distribution
of pixel values in an image. It
shows the frequency or count of
each pixel value (typically
ranging from 0 to 255 for an 8-
bit image) within the image.
Introduction
What is Histogram
Equalization ?
Spreading out the frequencies in an image (or equalizing the
image) is a simple way to improve dark or washed-out images.
The formula for histogram equalization is given where:
AFTER
GRAY LEVEL
TRANSFORMATIONS
Introduction
AFTER
MORPHOLOGICAL
OPERATION
Introduction
AFTER
BOUNDARY OPERATOR
What is Hit-or-Miss
Transformation?
The hit-and-miss transform is a binary
morphological operation that searches
for specific patterns of foreground and
background pixels within an image.
Introduction
What is Hit-or-Miss
Transformation?
Four structuring elements are used for corner finding in
binary images using the hit-and-miss transform.
Note that they are all the same element, but rotated by
different amounts.
DEMO
ORIGIN RESULT BINARY
Introduction
What is Opening
method?
Opening is a morphological operation
that removes small, unwanted objects or
noise from an image while preserving the
overall shape and size of larger, more
important objects.
Introduction
How does the Opening method work?
1. Erosion: using a structuring element to shrink or remove small
objects and details, leaving larger objects relatively unchanged.
2. Dilation: using the same structuring element to restore the size
of the remaining larger objects, keeping the small objects and
details removed.
DEMO
ORIGIN RESULT
Introduction
Identifier example:
t : red
e: green
DEMO
ORIGIN RESULT
IMAGE SEGMENTATION
EDGE DETECTION METHODS
What is the techniques of edge detection and their
pros and cons ?
Introduction
What is Edge?
In an image, an edge represents a
boundary or contour where there is a
significant change in certain physical
aspects of the image (such as
brightness, surface reflectance, etc.).
Introduction
Advantages Disadvantages
02 02
Best operator to detect the Diagonal direction points are
orientation of an image not preserved always
Introduction
What is Thresholding?
image segmentation technique that partitions or
separates an image into multiple segments or regions
based on the pixel intensity values.
Introduction
What is Otsu?
Image segmentation technique that automatically
performs histogram shape-based image thresholding,
which is the process of partitioning an image into
foreground and background.
Introduction