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Network Jumar

Network engineer details

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lakshminarayanvasudevs
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19 views5 pages

Network Jumar

Network engineer details

Uploaded by

lakshminarayanvasudevs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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31st Oct

Networking
-Exchanging of info or data between the host or nodes on a shared medium

OSI-Open System Interconnection model


7 layer model

Application-provides user interface where communication would be happening through


some protocols(http,https...)
Presentation-
Session-maintaining, creating, terminating
Transport-tcp/udp
Network-Logical address(can be changed)inter networking
LLC(acts as a bridge)
Datalink-physical address(cannot be changed)intra networkings
Physical

Data-Segmetation
L4+Data-Segment(L4 SP/DP)
L3+L4+Data-Packet(L3 SL/DL)
L2+L3+L4+Data-Frame(L2 SM/DM)

MSS - 1460 Bytes(Maximum Segment Size) = L4 Header + MSS


MTU - 1500 Bytes(IP Packet)= L3 Header+ L4 Header + MSS

01/Nov

Network - Inter network (communication based on logical addressing(IP Address))

IP Address : Logical Address, whether a host is available on the network or not

IP V4 - 32 bits - dotted decimal number

IP V6 -

0.0.0.0 (Universal Network ID)


255.255.255.255 (Universal Broadcast ID)

IANA- Internet Assigned Numbered Authority


4 Billion IPs
IP Class A-Public
B-Public
C-Public
D-Multicast
E-Research
Class A - 32 bits - Network and Hosts Part (8 bits Network part and 24 bits Host
part) [0(Reserved Address) & 127(Loop Back Address)]
Network Host
(00000000). (00000000. 00000000. 00000000)
Class B - 32 bits - Network and Hosts Part (16 bits Network part and 16 bits Host
part) 10
Class B - 32 bits - Network and Hosts Part (24 bits Network part and 8 bits Host
part) 110

Class A - 1-126
Class B - 127-191
Class C - 192-223

2nd/Nov

Subnet Mask - makes all the bits network part to 1 and host part to 0
Class A - 255.0.0.0
Class B - 255.255.0.0
Class C - 255.255.255.0

Subnetting - one of the conservation techniques to avoid wastage of IPs


-splitting up the larger network into smaller one's by borrowing host bits into
network bits
No of network to be formed = 2^n(n is the number of bits borrowed)
NID - All the host should be 0s
BID - All the host should be 1s

Class A
7.0.0.0/8 network

00000111. 000 00000. 00000000. 00000000

000 7. 0. 0. 0 - 7. 31. 255. 255


001 7. 32. 0. 0 - 7. 63. 255. 255
010 7. 64. 0. 0 - 7. 95. 255. 255
011 7. 96. 0. 0 - 7. 127. 255. 255 Subnet Mask= 255. 224. 0. 0
100 7. 128. 0. 0 - 7. 159. 255. 255
101 7. 160. 0. 0 - 7. 191. 255. 255
110 7. 192. 0. 0 - 7. 223. 255. 255
111 7. 224. 0. 0 - 7. 255. 255. 255

CIDR replacing subneting, above scenerio can be written as 7.0.0.0/11 (which means
8+3, 3 host bits are borrowed)

3rd/ Nov

Class B
172.16.0.0/18

10101100 . 00010000. 00 000000. 00000000

00 172. 16. 0. 0 - 172. 16. 63. 255


01 172. 16. 64. 0 - 172. 16. 127. 255 Subnet Mask= 255.255.192.0
10 172. 16. 128. 0 - 172. 16. 191. 255
11 172. 16. 192. 0 - 172. 16. 255. 255

Class C

197. 246. 171. 0/ 24 10 NETWORK

11000101. 11110110. 10101011. 0000 0000

0000 197.246.171.0 - 197.246.171.15


0001 197.246.171.16-197.246.171.31
0010 197.246.171.32-197.246.171.47
0011 197.246.171.48-197.246.171.63
0100 197.246.171.64-197.246.171.79
0101 197.246.171.80-197.246.171.95
0110 197.246.171.96-197.246.171.111 Subnet Mask= 255.255.255.240
0111 197.246.171.112-197.246.171.127
1000 197.246.171.128-197.246.171.143
1001 197.246.171.144-197.246.171.169
1010 197.246.171.170-197.246.171.185
1011 197.246.171.186-197.246.171.201
1100 197.246.171.202-197.246.171.217
1101 197.246.171.218-197.246.171.233
1110 197.246.171.224-197.246.171.239
1111 197.246.171.240-197.246.171.255

00000000

5.0.0.0/8 network 2^n = 8? 2^5=32-2=30

00000011. 000 00000.0000000.0000000

NID BID NID= 00000011. 100 00000.0000000.0000000


000 5.0.0.0-5.31.255.255 BID= 00000011. 100
11111.11111111.11111111
001 5.32.0.0-5.63.255.255
010 5.64.0.0-5.95.255.255
011 5.96.0.0-5.127.255.255
100 5.128.0.0
101
110
111

10.0.0.0/4 NETWORKS 2^2

00001010.

00=0
01=
10
11

2^1 2^0
0 0 0*2^1+0*2^0=0

0 1 0*2^1+1*2^0=1

1 0 1*2^1+0*2^0=2

1 1 1*2^1+1*2^0=2
2^2 2^1 2^0
0 0 0 0*2^2+0*2^1+0*2^0=0
0 0 1 0*2^2+0*2^1+1*2^0=1
0 1 0 0*2^2+1*2^1+0*2^0=2
0 1 1
100
101
110
111

1000

glbpgateway load balancing protocol

HSRp and vrrp


hasrp is ciosco prioperity and vrrp is open source, everything is same
hsrp has 5 states
hsrp prioirty is 100
has 2 versions
v 1 and 2
v1 suports 16 group of router
v2 supporets 4096 group routers
uses udp to exchange hellos
uses udp 1985

v1 use listens on 224.0.0.2 which is class d


v2 uses 224.0.0.102
preempt to take active router we set up and always top priority gets active

command is "standby"

vrrp virtual routing redudancy


no port use like udp or port
uses protocol no as 112
same command vrrp 1
ip 224.0.0.18
many vendors will suport vrrp

VPN

GREtunnel vpn generic routing encapsulation ,actually developed by cisco


works at layer 3 of osi
it actually encapsulates ip packet.internal will be pvt ip and outside will be
public ip.
Gre advantages:
simple to configure.
supports all traffic types like ip4 unicast,multicast,ip6 also
command interface tunnel
mention the tunnel source interface name
its swimple :
create a tunnel interface "interface tunnel 1
mention tunnel source which is outgoing interface
mention tunnel destination
mention tunneling mechanism as wether ipv6 or gre select gre select gre ip
tunnel mode gre ip
we need to have an ip address for that interface

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