1

Common Mode Filter Design for PWM Rectifier

Based Motor Drives
Mohammad H. Hedayati, Anirudh Acharya B., Member, IEEE,
and Vinod John, Senior Member, IEEE

Abstract—A common mode filter based on LCL filter topology motor load terminals and lead to higher Common Mode (CM)
is proposed in this paper, which provides a parallel path for current.
ground currents and which also restricts the magnitude of the
EMI noise injected into the grid. The common mode filter makes Standards such as CISPR 11, IEC 61000 specifies the limits
use of the components of a line to line LCL filter, which is of voltage disturbance on the mains by power converters for
modified to address the common mode voltage with minimal industrial, commercial and domestic applications [15], [16].
additional components. This leads to a compact filtering solution.
The common mode voltage of an adjustable speed drive using a This voltage disturbance is caused by current injection into
PWM rectifier is analysed for this purpose. The filter design is the mains. Hence, to have the voltage disturbance within its
based on the common mode equivalent circuit of the drive system. limit, the current injection must be limited. NEMA MG-1,
The filter addresses the adverse effects of the PWM rectifier in part 31 recommends the maximum allowable dv/dt that can
an adjustable speed drive. Guidelines are provided on selection of be applied at the motor terminal for safe operation [17]. To
the filter components. Different variants of the filter topology are
evaluated to establish the effectiveness of the proposed circuit. meet these recommendations and to address the other problems
Experimental results based on EMI measurement on the grid related to IGBT based ASD with PWM rectifier, different
side, and common mode current measurement on the motor side solutions have been proposed [18]–[26]. To prevent the voltage
are presented. These results validate the effectiveness of the filter. doubling and to reduce CM noise due to high dv/dt an LC
filter is added to inverter that feeds an induction machine [18].
Index Terms—Pulse width modulated power converters, Pas- Different PWM methods and their CM voltage characteristics
sive filters, RLC circuits, AC motor drives, Electromagnetic are studied in [19] with an objective of identifying the method
compatibility, Electromagnetic interference. with lowest CM voltage. Clamping filter is employed in [20]–
[22] to reduce the dv/dt thus preventing voltage doubling
I. I NTRODUCTION at the motor terminals. This also inhibits excitation of the
GBT technology based Adjustable Speed Drives (ASD) parasitic capacitance of the cable and motor. Filter capacitors
I using diode front end rectifier, or PWM rectifier, are widely
used. When regenerative capabilities are needed, the PWM
are introduced between dc bus positive rail to the ground and
negative rail to the ground in [23], [24], which eliminates the
rectifier is the suitable alternative [1], [2]. The PWM rectifier CM voltage due to PWM rectifier. This method cannot be
eliminates lower order harmonics as compared to the diode used with Conventional Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation
bridge rectifier. However, it injects high frequency electrical (CSVPWM), since the ground current would carry significant
noise to the grid. High dv/dt due to fast turn on and off of the third harmonic in addition to switching components. In [25] a
IGBT excites parasitic capacitive coupling in the motor drive. specific filter to eliminate the high frequency leakage current
This leads to increased line currents and causes problems due to a grounded heat sink is presented, which requires RC
such as terminal over voltage, insulation stress, shaft induced networks to be connected between the grid star point, the
voltage, bearing currents, EMI/EMC, etc. [3]–[14]. Inverters machine neutral point, and the Y filter on the DC bus. The
with fast switches such as IGBTs are the root cause of the number of additional components required for the CM filter
aforementioned problems. These problems get worse in the is higher in this case.
presence of a PWM rectifier as the common mode voltage In this paper the increase in common mode voltage in
is doubled. This effect becomes even more predominant as a drive with PWM rectifier is analysed. An approach for
PWM rectifiers are switched at frequency in the order of ten CM filter design is discussed wherein the adverse effects
kHz. The electrical noise produced by PWM rectifier, along of both PWM rectifier and the inverter are addressed. The
with the electrical noise due to PWM inverter, appear at the proposed filter topology is based on LCL grid side filter with
This work was supported by Indian Space Research Organization-IISc its star point connected to the dc bus and ground as shown
Space Technology Cell under project: ISTC244. in Fig. 1. A number of variants of the filter topology is
Mohammad H. Hedayati is with the Department of Electrical Engineer- studied to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
ing, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India (e-mail:
[email protected]). A laboratory experimental drive system has been built, which
Anirudh Acharya B. is with ABB GISL, Grid System R&D, Chennai is used to evaluate the filtering performance. Conducted noise
600089, India (e-mail: [email protected]). emission test has been carried out with the different CM filter
Vinod John is with the Department of Electrical Engineering, In-
dian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India (e-mail: topology variants and the results show the effectiveness of the
[email protected]). proposed filter design.
 2

Fig. 1. Schematic of a PWM rectifier motor drive with LCL filter for the PWM rectifier, dc bus common mode filter, and dv/dt filter at inverters terminal
for the motor load.

II. CM VOLTAGE & CM CURRENT DUE TO ASD WITH ripple and torque pulsations are filtered by the motor and
PWM RECTIFIER shaft mechanical time constants. Hence, the inverter for high
When a diode bridge rectifier is used in an ASD, the power motor drive is typically switched at a lower switching
CM voltage seen at the dc bus varies slowly with low frequency (order of 1kHz) compared to the PWM rectifier. The
magnitude and low dv/dt. As a result, the effect of diode CM voltage due to PWM inverter, rectifier and combined effect
bridge on ground currents can be neglected. This is not the of both are illustrated in Fig. 2(a), 2(c), and 2(d) respectively.
case for a PWM rectifier, which switches at high frequencies. When the combined effect is considered, the CM voltage
The CM voltage applied to the motor terminals by inverter magnitude transits between ±Vdc , ± 2V3dc , ± V3dc , and 0.
is represented mathematically by (1) and is shown in Fig. 2(a). As compared to the case illustrated in Fig. 2(b), the fre-
quency of current injection into ground is increased due to
CM voltage appearing at motor neutral when PWM rectifier
(VU O + VV O + VW O ) is used, shown in Fig. 2(e). It is important to note that
Vinv = (1)
3 practically the current injected to ground would oscillate due
The CM voltage varies in steps of Vdc /3 with frequency same to capacitive and inductive parasitics, which would be damped
as switching frequency. Due to motor parasitic capacitance Cp , rapidly. However, a steep change in voltage due to PWM
which is of the order of few tens of nF , current is injected to rectifier operation can occur before the ground current goes
the ground at each step change in the CM voltage. In case of to zero. As a result, it increases the magnitude of ground
motors connected with a long cable, Cp represents the effective current. One of the causes for increase in shaft voltage is high
parasitic capacitance to ground of motor and cable [21]. The frequency flux produced due to CM current. Therefore, the
current injection into ground through the parasitic capacitance problem associated with shaft voltage and bearing currents get
is given by (2). The waveform of CM current due to CM aggravated when PWM rectifier is used as front end converter
voltage is as shown in Fig. 2(b). in an ASD.

III. dv/dt F ILTERS

dVinv
ig = Cp (2) Due to fast turn on and off of the IGBTs, high dv/dt is
dt
Vcom = Vinv + VOg (3) produced. This causes voltage doubling at the motor terminals
when long cables are used to connect the motor and the
When a PWM rectifier is adopted as a front end converter, inverter. This can be eliminated by decreasing the dv/dt of the
the CM voltage produced at the dc bus cannot be neglected. voltage applied to the motor terminals. To avoid the voltage
The CM voltage due to PWM rectifier and inverter appears doubling the rise time of the applied voltage should be greater
at the neutral of the motor, as expressed in (3). This worsens than the propagation time of the forward travelling voltage
the problems caused due to CM voltage on the motor. The wave. The propagation time depends on the length and insu-
PWM rectifier switching frequency is selected such that the lation material of the cable. The rise time is controlled with
grid current ripple is kept within the limits specified by the dv/dt filter such that it is greater than propagation time of
IEEE 519. To reduce the size and cost of grid side filter, the voltage wave in the cable. The lower dv/dt mitigates the
the PWM rectifier is switched at a high frequency (order of voltage doubling phenomena at the motor terminals and this
10kHz) [2]. The motor drive inverter switching frequency is reduces the CM current.
related to rms current ripple and speed ripple caused by torque In dv/dt filters, the resonance frequency is placed above the
pulsations. The motor leakage inductance filters the current switching frequency; such that, it still meets the required dv/dt
 3

limiting the dv/dt applied at the motor terminals due to both

PWM rectifier and the drive inverter.

IV. D ESIGN OF T HE C OMMON -M ODE F ILTER

The filter design procedure to address the common mode

voltage is outlined. Analysis of filter with capacitors Cy1 &
Cy2 is discussed based on common mode equivalent circuit.
The proposed CM filter is shown in Fig. 1, which consists
of capacitors Cy1 & Cy2 between positive rail and negative
rail of DC bus, and capacitor CM g between midpoint ‘M ’
and ground. The midpoint ‘M ’ is connected to the star point
of the capacitors in LCL filter. The star point of the LCL
filter is labelled ‘N ′ ’. The objectives of the capacitors Cy1
& Cy2 are to prevent the CM voltage of PWM rectifier
appearing at the load end, and to circulate the switching and
lower order frequency current within the rectifier circuit. This
filter arrangement allows advance PWM technique such as
CSVPWM, etc., to be adopted for PWM rectifier operation.
The design procedure given below leads to third harmonic
circulating current which is less than 3% of the rated current
in the filter inductors.
Capacitor CM g is introduced to the CM filter between the
point ‘M ’ and the ground. The role of CM g is to bring
down the potential of the point ‘M ’ as close as possible to
ground potential. The parameters of the filter are derived with
the help of CM equivalent circuit of the PWM rectifier. The
derivation of the equivalent circuit is discussed in [27], [28].
The CM circuit for PWM rectifier along with CM filter is
shown in Fig. 3(a). Where, VAF E = (VAO + VBO + VCO )/3
is the CM voltage of the PWM rectifier. In Fig. 3(b), the
parasitic capacitance, Cp1 , and Cp2 of the IGBT device to
the module base plate are also shown. The values of the
parasitic capacitance can be obtained from manufacturer’s
datasheet [29].
Due to advanced PWM techniques the addition of capacitor
filters between the DC bus midpoint and ground results in the
Fig. 2. Waveforms illustrating (a) CM voltage due to drive inverter alone,
(b) resulting CM current due to presence of parasitic capacitance, (c) CM flow of switching frequency current along with third harmonic
voltage due to PWM rectifier switching at higher frequency than inverter, (d) current into the ground [23], [24]. This third harmonic ground
CM voltage due to combined effect of inverter and PWM rectifier, and (e) current is limited only by impedance of the LCL filter. In the
CM current with PWM rectifier ASD due to presence of parasitic capacitance.
proposed CM filter topology, the midpoint ‘M ’ is connected
to the star point of the LCL filter ‘N ′ ’. By this connection,
the switching frequency and the lower order harmonics will
limit [17]. In this design, the resonance frequency of filter is be circulated within the drive system as can be observed in
selected such that, the dv/dt is reduced effectively, as a result, Fig. 3(a). In addition, the impedance of capacitor CM g limits
eliminating voltage doubling at the motor terminal. The high the injected ground current. If the midpoint ‘M ’ is left floating,
resonance frequency of the dv/dt filter reduce the size and cost the voltage of this point can increase substantially, which is
of the filter. The impact of PWM inverter on induction motor not desirable. If the midpoint is connected to the ground, low
has been extensively outlined [3]–[14] and solutions involving frequency current will flow to ground. The selection of CM g
dv/dt filter designs for the motor side inverter with diode involves a trade off between the magnitude of the voltage
rectifier front end have been proposed. Methods for dv/dt VM g that occurs between node ‘M ’ and ground, and the
filter design have been discussed in literature [20]–[22], [27]. magnitude of the injected ground current. It can be seen from
Impact of the cable length and target dv/dt in selection of section IV.(B) that the required value of CM g to keep VM g
the filter parameters are given as a general design procedure low is very small. Hence, the injected ground current also
in [21]. This paper focuses on the front end LCL filter, that has a small magnitude in the proposed filter topology. The
is used in combination with a dv/dt filter for the motor filter common mode equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 3(a) has
side inverter. The overall filter accomplishes the objective of Ca = 3CLf , Cb = 2Cy1 , Lb = L32 , and La = L31 .
 4

I (s)
Fig. 5. Admittance magnitude plot of Vcom3 (s) for different values of
AF E
effective Cy1 & Cy2 , and Cb . A lower admittance of the filter will lead to
smaller internal circulating current.

excited by the low frequency component of the common mode

PWM spectrum. Additionally, ωcom should be kept below the
switching frequency with sufficient frequency separation to
Fig. 3. Common mode equivalent circuit of the PWM rectifier with the filter avoid amplification of switching harmonics due to resonance.
and (a) without IGBT module parasitics (b) with IGBT parasitic capacitors.
The resonance oscillation needs to be damped by the help
of either active or passive damping. The active damping is
preferred due to its lossless nature. To achieve active damping,
the sampling frequency should be greater than double of the
frequency that needs to be damped. The sampling frequency
is kept same as switching frequency of PWM rectifier hence,
ωcom < ωSW 2 . The LCL filter parameters are designed as
per [30], the following condition is obtained for the CM filter
resonance frequency.

1 ωSW
√ < ωcom < (5)
Lb Ca 2
Fig. 4. Low frequency approximation of common mode equivalent circuit
of the filter. Small capacitors of the order of tens of nF have been used
in the CM filter in [23], [25]. It is not possible to use these
values of capacitors for Cy1 & Cy2 in the proposed filter
A. Selection of Cy1 & Cy2
configuration due to: (a) The CM switching frequency voltage
The capacitor CM g is very small, of the order of tens of nF . of the PWM rectifier would propagate to the load side. (b)
So, at low frequency it acts as open circuit. The CM circuit The resonance frequency will shift to higher value, and any
at low frequency can be approximated as shown in Fig. 4. resonance would need to be passively damped. A filtered DC
Hence, the current through Ca , and Cb are approximately bus to ground voltage, which is required, can be obtained by
equal. The transfer function of VIcom3 (s)
AF E (s)
is given in (4) where, keeping the capacitors Cy1 & Cy2 sufficiently large.
Ca Cb
CS = Ca +Cb .
B. Selection of Capacitor CM g
Icom3 (s) SCS Mg I (s)
= 2 (4) The transfer function VAF E (s)
is obtained from Fig. 3(a),
VAF E (s) S Lb CS + 1 and is given in (6). The bode plot of (6) for different values
The admittance magnitude plot of transfer function given of CM g is shown in Fig. 6. From the bode plot, it can be seen
in (4) is plotted in Fig. 5 for different values of Cy1 & that at high frequency sufficient attenuation is offered by the
Cy2 . It can be seen that the third harmonic voltage due to filter. A second resonance due to CM g occurs at a frequency
advanced PWM sees an attenuation of approximately −37dB, higher than switching frequency, which needs to be damped
for Cy1 = Cy2 = 10µF , keeping the circulating current passively. At high frequency, impedance offered by La and Lb
small. The resonance frequency of the filter, for low fre- are very high. Therefore, they can be approximated with open
quency approximation circuit is given by ωcom = √L1 C . circuit. On the contrary, the capacitors Cb and CS offer very
b S
The resonance frequency is selected such that, it is not low impedance and they are approximated with short circuit.
 5

TABLE I
D ESIGNED C OMMON M ODE DC B US F ILTER VALUES
IM g (s) S
= S 4L L S2 β
(6)
VAF E (s) αCa ( α b +
a
+ 1)
α SL.NO. PARAMETER PER UNIT ACTUAL
Where, 1 DC bus voltage Vdc 2.92 700V
1 1 1 2 PWM Rectifier Switching 200 10kHz
α= + +
Ca Cb Cg Cb Cg Ca Frequency fsw
La La Lb Lb 3 LCL Filter Resonance 20 1kHz
β= + + + Frequency fres
Ca Cb Cb Cg
4 CM Filter Resonant 28 1.4kHz
Frequency fcom
5 Filter Inductance L1 = L2 0.0455 2.5mH
6 Filter Capacitance CLf 0.1 20µF
7 DC Bus Filter Cy1 = Cy2 0.05 10µF
8 Filter Capacitor CM g 0.0005 100nF

V. E XPERIMENTAL R ESULT
A three phase 10kVA, 415V back-to-back connected power
converter prototype is built in the laboratory to demonstrate
the effectiveness of the filter. The base values are Pbase =
10kV A, Vbase = 240V, and fbase = 50Hz. The other base
parameters such as capacitance, and inductance are derived as,

2
Pbase 3Vbase
Cbase = ; Lbase =
Fig. 6. Frequency response plot of
IM g (s)
VAF E (s)
for different values of CM g . 3 × 2πfbase Vbase
2 2πfbase Pbase

The base capacitance and inductance are Cbase = 185µF

and Lbase = 54.8mH respectively. The inverter is switched
at 2.5kHz and the PWM rectifier is switched at 10kHz. A
100m long PVC coated four core cable is used to connect
a three phase, 415V, 10kW, 50Hz star connected induction
motor to the inverter. The motor is controlled using V/F
scheme. The PWM rectifier is controlled using vector control
method [31]. Altera cyclone II FPGA platform is used for
implementation of the control algorithm.
The setup has been tested in multiple configuration out of
which the following three cases are of interest.

Fig. 7. High frequency approximation of common mode equivalent circuit a) The CM filter configuration shown in Fig. 1.
of the filter.
b) The capacitor CM g and the connection between ‘N ′ ’
The high frequency approximation of the common mode
and ‘M ’ are removed, and the star point , ‘N ′ ’, is
equivalent circuit of Fig. 3(b) is given in Fig. 7. CM g will
connected to the ground directly.
reduce the potential between ‘M ’ and ground. From Fig. 7 it
can be seen that, the voltage is divided between Cp1 , Cp2 , and
c) The capacitor CM g and the connection between ‘N ′ ’
CM g as given in (6).
and ‘M ’ are removed, and the point ‘M ’ is connected
to the ground directly.
VM g CP 2
= (7)
VAF E CP 1 + CM g + CP 2 mg
Fig. 8 shows the bode plot of the VAF
I (s)
for cases a, b, and c.
E (s)
By keeping the value of CM g reasonably high in comparison From the bode plot it can be seen: between case a and case b,
to Cp1 , and Cp2 the voltage VM g is reduced. However, a very case b offers better attenuation for low frequency and almost
large value of CM g will lead to higher ground currents. CM g same attenuation for high frequency. The problem with case
that gives an attenuation of 95% based on (7) is adequate for b is that, the CM voltage due to PWM rectifier can propagate
the design. The values of Cy1 , Cy2 , and CM g are shown in to the load side and increase the CM current in the motor.
Table I. This happens because the Cy1 & Cy2 mid point is not filtered
 6

effectively. Between case a and case c, case a has much better

attenuation for both high as well as low frequency.

Fig. 9. LISN connected between grid and equipment under the test.

IM g (s)
Fig. 8. The bode plot of admittance VAF E (s)
offered to CM voltage by
ground.

In case a the lower order harmonics are circulated within

the system through the inductors L2 , Cy1 , Cy2 , and PWM
rectifier. The third harmonic RMS current is calculated to be
0.37A in each inductor where, the inductors are designed for
15A RMS current, which is 2.5% of the components current
rating. So, the proposed filter topology has minimal effect on
sizing of the filter inductors.
To estimate the effectiveness of the proposed filter, con-
ducted noise emission test has been carried out by connecting
a three phase Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN),
as shown in Fig. 9. The LISN prevents noise coming from
the mains to setup, which can affect the test results. The
LISN has been built in the laboratory and is used with a high
frequency oscilloscope (500MHz, 5GSa/s, Lecroy 6050) as a
receiver. The data captured by the oscilloscope is processed
in MATLAB and the FFT of the waveforms are shown in
Fig. 10 for the frequency range between 100kHz to 25MHz.
The objective behind this experimental setup is to compare
the different filter configurations. The results for the cases
aforementioned are presented in Fig. 10. The result shows
that the CM noise in case a, and case b are almost the same
as expected from the bode plot shown in Fig. 8. In case c Fig. 10. Conducted noise emission test measured on the grid side of the
the CM noise between 0.1M Hz to 0.3M Hz is almost 50 ASD. (a) The CM filter configuration shown in Fig. 1. (b) The capacitor
times higher than case a, which shows the effectiveness of the CM g and the connection between ‘N ′ ’ and ‘M ’ are removed, and the star
point , ‘N ′ ’, is connected to the ground directly. (c) The capacitor CM g and
proposed CM filter. Use of a smaller Cy1 & Cy2 in case c, the connection between ‘N ′ ’ and ‘M ’ are removed, and the point ‘M ’ is
can help in reducing the CM noise, but this conflicts with the connected to the ground directly.
requirements of (5) explained in section IV.(A).
To examine the advantages of the case a, over case b, the
drive system has been tested and the CM current at the motor filter leads to lower common mode load current than the
load side has been measured using FLUKE i400s current probe traditional approach of connecting capacitors Cy1 & Cy2 to
connected to the oscilloscope. The results are shown in Fig. 11. the dc bus. The system has also been tested with no CM filter
The common mode RMS currents corresponding to the afore- at all corresponding to waveform in Fig. 11(d). The common
mentioned cases are: IRM Sa = 121mA, IRM Sb = 477mA, mode RMS current in this condition was measured to be
and IRM Sc = 135mA. The CM current noise in case a is IRM Sd = 487mA. The result shows negligible improvement
decreased by 400% compared to case b. Hence, the proposed in CM current measured at the motor terminals in case b over
 7

current is less than 2.5% of the rated current. Conducted

noise emission test has been conducted, which shows the
effectiveness of the designed CM filter. Also, the common
mode current at motor side is reduced by 400% by the filter.
The filter needs minimal modification of the LCL filter to meet
the above common mode performance as it only involves the
addition of three capacitors to the circuit.

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inverter output LC filter used for dv/dt reduction,” IEEE Trans. Power B.Tech. degree in electrical engineering from the
Electron., vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 327–331, May 2002. Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India, the
[23] E. Zhong and T. Lipo, “Improvements in EMC performance of inverter- M.S.E.E. degree from the University of Minnesota,
fed motor drives,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 1247–1256, Minneapolis, and the PhD. degree from the Univer-
Nov.-Dec. 1995. sity of WisconsinMadison, Madison. He has worked
[24] R. Zhang, X. Wu, and T. Wang, “Analysis of common mode EMI for in research and development positions at GE Global
three-phase voltage source converters,” in Proc. of IEEE Annu. Power Research, Niskayuna, NY, and Northern Power, VT.
Electronics Specialist Conf., vol. 4, Acapulco, Mexico, Jun. 2003, pp. He is currently working as an Assistant Professor
1510–1515. with the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore,
[25] H. Akagi and T. Oe, “A specific filter for eliminating high-frequency India. His primary areas of interests are in power
leakage current from the grounded heat sink in a motor drive with an electronics and distributed generation, power quality, high-power converters,
active front end,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 763– and motor drives.
770, Mar. 2008.
[26] A. Julian, G. Oriti, and T. Lipo, “Elimination of common-mode voltage
in three-phase sinusoidal power converters,” IEEE Trans. Power Elec-
tron., vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 982–989, Sep. 1999.
[27] B. A. Acharya, “Integrated common and differential mode filters with
active damping for active front end motor drives,” MSc(Engg.) thesis,
Dept. Elect. Eng., IISc, Bangalore, India.
[28] B. Acharya and V. John, “Common mode dc bus filter for active
front-end converter,” in Proc. of Power Electronics, Drives and Energy
Systems Conf., New Delhi, India, Dec. 2010, pp. 1–6.
[29] Semikron, “Datasheet,” Oct. 2012. [Online]. Available:
http://www.semikron.com
[30] P. Channegowda and V. John, “Filter optimization for grid interactive
voltage source inverters,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 12,
pp. 4106–4114, Dec. 2010.
[31] J. Siva Prasad, T. Bhavsar, R. Ghosh, and G. Narayanan, “Vector control
of three-phase ac/dc front-end converter,” Sadhana, vol. 33, no. 5, pp.
591–613, Oct. 2008.

Mohammad H. Hedayati was born in Kazeroon,

Iran, in 1984. He received his B.Tech. degree in elec-
trical engineering from the Islamic Azad University,
Kazeroon, Iran, in 2006, the ME. degree from the
Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore, India in
2010. He is currently a PhD. student at the Indian
Institute of Science Bangalore, India. His primary
areas of interests are in power electronics, motor
drives, active damping, common mode filters and
high-power converters.

Anirudh Acharya B. obtained his B.E degree from

VTU, Belgaum, India in 2007 and MSc (Engg.) de-
gree in Electrical Engineering from Indian Institute
of Science, Bengaluru, India in 2011. He is currently
with ABB GISL, Grid System R&D, Chennai, India.
His research interests are in grid connected and
DC-DC converters, HVDC, EMI/EMC in power
electronics, filters and control systems.