Scribd
Upload
20 views5 pages

Rdbms Lab

Uploaded by

afrin nisha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views5 pages

Rdbms Lab

Uploaded by

afrin nisha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Program Using Implicit Cursor

i)PL/SQL program using only an implicit cursor to select data from a table and print it.

DECLARE
v_employee_id employees.employee_id%TYPE;
v_first_name employees.first_name%TYPE;
v_last_name employees.last_name%TYPE;
BEGIN
FOR rec IN (SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name FROM employees WHERE
department_id = 10) LOOP
v_employee_id := rec.employee_id;
v_first_name := rec.first_name;
v_last_name := rec.last_name;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_employee_id || ', Name: ' || v_first_name ||


' ' || v_last_name);
END LOOP;
END;

Output
Employee ID: 101, Name: John Doe
Employee ID: 102, Name: Jane Smith
Employee ID: 103, Name: Alice Johnson
Program Using Explicit Cursor

ii)PL/SQL program that uses only an explicit cursor to select data from a table and print it.

DECLARE
-- Declare the explicit cursor
CURSOR emp_cursor IS
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name FROM employees WHERE department_id =
10;

-- Declare variables to hold the cursor values


v_employee_id employees.employee_id%TYPE;
v_first_name employees.first_name%TYPE;
v_last_name employees.last_name%TYPE;
BEGIN
-- Open the cursor
OPEN emp_cursor;

-- Loop through the rows fetched by the cursor


LOOP
FETCH emp_cursor INTO v_employee_id, v_first_name, v_last_name;
EXIT WHEN emp_cursor%NOTFOUND;

-- Process each row


DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_employee_id || ', Name: ' || v_first_name ||
' ' || v_last_name);
END LOOP;

-- Close the cursor


CLOSE emp_cursor;
END;

output:

Employee ID: 101, Name: John Doe


Employee ID: 102, Name: Jane Smith
Employee ID: 103, Name: Alice Johnson
Program using Trigger

-- Create the employees table


CREATE TABLE employees (
employee_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(50),
salary NUMBER,
department VARCHAR2(20)
);

-- Create a trigger to increase the salary by 10% before insertion


CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER update_salary
BEFORE INSERT ON employees
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
:new.salary := :new.salary * 1.10; -- Increase salary by 10%
END;
/

-- Insert a new employee; the trigger will automatically update the salary
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary, department)
VALUES (1, 'John Smith', 50000, 'Sales');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary, department)
VALUES (2, 'Jane Doe', 60000, 'Marketing');

-- Display the result from the employees table


SELECT * FROM employees;

Output

EMPLOYEE_ID | NAME | SALARY | DEPARTMENT


------------|-------------|----------|------------
1 | John Smith | 55000.00 | Sales
2 | Jane Doe | 66000.00 | Marketing
Program to design procedure using In and Out parameters

-- Create the employees table


CREATE TABLE employees (
employee_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(50),
salary NUMBER,
department VARCHAR2(20)
);

-- Insert example data into the employees table


INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary, department) VALUES (1, 'John Smith',
50000, 'Sales');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary, department) VALUES (2, 'Jane Doe',
60000, 'Sales');
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary, department) VALUES (3, 'Alice Brown',
55000, 'Sales');

-- Create the procedure to calculate total salary


CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_total_salary (
p_department IN VARCHAR2, -- IN parameter: the department name
p_total_salary OUT NUMBER -- OUT parameter: the total salary for the department
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary) INTO p_total_salary
FROM employees
WHERE department = p_department;

IF p_total_salary IS NULL THEN


p_total_salary := 0;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
p_total_salary := 0;
END;
/
-- Call the procedure and display the result
DECLARE
v_department VARCHAR2(20) := 'Sales'; -- Example department
v_total_salary NUMBER; -- Variable to hold the total salary
BEGIN
get_total_salary(p_department => v_department,
p_total_salary => v_total_salary);

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total salary for ' || v_department || ' department is: ' ||


v_total_salary);
END;
/

Output :

Total salary for Sales department is: 165000

You might also like