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Engineering Mathematics - I: Awanish Kumar Tiwari

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17 views12 pages

Engineering Mathematics - I: Awanish Kumar Tiwari

Uploaded by

kjz8wg90
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Mathematics - I

Awanish Kumar Tiwari

Department of Mathematics
IIIT Bhopal, Pune

August 21, 2024

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 1/6


The Alternating Series Test (Leibniz’s Test) The series
∞
X
(−1)n+1 un = u1 − u2 + u3 − u4 + · · ·
n=1
converges if all three of the following conditions are
satisfied:
1 The un ’s are all positive.
2 The positive un ’s are (eventually) nonincreasing:
un ≥ un+1 for all n ≥ N, for some integer N.
3 un → 0.

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 2/6


Example : Check convergence of the alternating harmonic
series
∞
X 1 1 1 1
(−1)n+1 = 1 − + − + ···
n=1
n 2 3 4

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 3/6


DefinitionP: Absolute Convergence
A series an converges absolutely (is absolutely
convergent) if the corresponding series of absolute values,
Σ |an |, converges.

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 4/6


DefinitionP: Absolute Convergence
A series an converges absolutely (is absolutely
convergent) if the corresponding series of absolute values,
Σ |an |, converges.
Definition : Conditional Convergence
A series that converges but does not converge absolutely
converges conditionally.

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 4/6


DefinitionP: Absolute Convergence
A series an converges absolutely (is absolutely
convergent) if the corresponding series of absolute values,
Σ |an |, converges.
Definition : Conditional Convergence
A series that converges but does not converge absolutely
converges conditionally.
P∞
The Absolute
P∞ Convergence Test : If n=1 |an | converges,
then n=1 an converges.

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 4/6


Example
P∞ : Check the convergence of the series
n+1 1
(i) n=1 (−1) n2

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 5/6


Example
P∞ : Check the convergence of the series
n+1 1
(i) n=1 (−1) n2
(ii) ∞ sin n
P
n=1 n2

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 5/6


Example
P∞ : Check the convergence of the series
n+1 1
(i) n=1 (−1) n2
(ii) ∞ sin n
P
n=1 n2
(−1)n−1
(iii) ∞
P
n=1 np

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 5/6


Example
P∞ : Check the convergence of the series
n+1 1
(i) n=1 (−1) n2
(ii) ∞ sin n
P
n=1 n2
(−1)n−1
(iii) ∞
P
n=1 np

Example
P∞ : Determining Convergence or Divergence
n+1 1
(i) n=1 (−1) n3n

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 5/6


Example
P∞ : Check the convergence of the series
n+1 1
(i) n=1 (−1) n2
(ii) ∞ sin n
P
n=1 n2
(−1)n−1
(iii) ∞
P
n=1 np

Example
P∞ : Determining Convergence or Divergence
n+1 1
(i) n=1 (−1) n3n
(ii) ∞ n+1 2n
P
n=1 (−1) n2

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 5/6


Thank You

(AISSMS) Teaching Demo August 21, 2024 6/6

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