THECARBONATOM

for S CIENCE Grade 9

Quarter2/Week 4

NegOr_Q2_Science9_SLKWeek 4_v2 1
 FOREWORD

After learning about how non-metals form chemical

bonds to form compounds, this self-learning kit will
provide adequate activities that will enrich your
existing knowledge about carbon atom and the types of
bonds it forms.
This will also serve as a guide as you acquire
knowledge and learn new ideas on how the structure of
the carbon atom affects the type of bonds it forms.

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 expected to:

of bonds.
A: Recognize the importance of carbon as the
backbone of the formation of a variety of
compounds.

https://dlpng.com/png/6588443

Learning Competency
Explain how the structure of the carbon atom affects the
type of bonds it forms. S9MT-IIg-17

I. WHAT HAPPENED
Pre-Test
A. TRUE or FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct,
and FALSE, if the statement is wrong. Write your answer in
your notebook.

1. Organic Compounds are group of compounds that

contain the element carbon.
2. Hydrogen is the only element that can form so many
different compounds.
3. The simplest organic carbon molecule is methane, in
which four hydrogen atoms bind to a carbon atom.
4. Three (3) electrons are shared from each atom in a
double bond.
5. In the periodic table, Carbon belongs to group 12,
period 2.

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 NegOr_Q2_Science9_SLKWeek4_v2

B. Multiple Choice. Write the letter of the correct answer in

your notebook.
1. How do carbon atoms form many organic compounds?
a. By attracting other elements toward themselves to form
the bonds.
b. By forming many bonds with other carbon atoms and
other elements
c. By sharing their electrons with other metal and non-
metal elements.
d. By transferring their electrons to the atoms of
surrounding elements.
2. How many valence electrons does carbon have?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5
3. What is the maximum number of bonds a carbon atom can
form?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5
4. Why is carbon a unique element?
a. because of the type of bonds it can form (short chains,
long chains, branched chains, and rings)
b. because it has two valence electrons.
c. because it can’t form bonds
d. because it can form three covalent bonds
5. All of the following are properties of carbon, except:
a. has 3 valence electrons
b. can form double bonds
c. can form bonds with 4 atoms
d. can form rings

II.WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

COMPOUNDS?

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 https://www.pngitem.com/middle/oioxwJ_virtual-

youtuber-kizuna-ai-hd-png-download/ NegOr_Q2_Science9_SLKWeek4_v2
Organic compounds are group of compounds that contain
the element carbon.

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/chemistry_part2/chemistry_carbon.htm

Many organic compounds are formed because of the special

characteristics of the element carbon. That is why they are
commonly defined as carbon-containing compounds. We can find
them in almost everywhere. The air we breathe, the plants, and
animal bodies as our bodies contains carbon compounds.

many compounds?

Now you are ready to understand how it is that carbon

is such a versatile element. It is at the basis of all organic
chemistry and, in particular, biochemistry. The functioning of
all living things depends on water and on the versatility of
the
carbon atom. https://natural-universe.net/the-scientific-view-of-the-universe/what-atomic-physics-and-
chemistry-tell-us/carbon/?print=print

Carbon is a very common “ingredient” of matter

because it can combine with itself and with many other
elements. It can form a great diversity of compounds,
ranging in size from just a few atoms to thousands of atoms.
There are millions of known carbon compounds, and carbon

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 is the only element that can form so many different
compounds.
https://www.ck12.org/chemistry/carbon-bonding/lesson/Carbon-Bonding-MS-PS/

NegOr_Q2_Science9_SLKWeek4_v2

What makes
carbon element
unique?

https:/ /www.pinterest.ph/pin/681310249857183612/

ValenceElectronsin Carbon

In the periodic table, Carbon belongs to group 14 period 2 with

an electron configuration of 1s22s22p2. Carbon is the only that can
form so many different element that can form so many different
compounds because each carbon atom can form four chemical bonds
to other atoms, and because the carbon atom is just the right, small
size to fit in comfortably as parts of very large molecules.
https://science.jrank.org/pages/1202/Carbon-
Why-carbon-special.html

Having the atomic number 6, every carbon atom has a total of six
electrons. Two are in a completed inner orbit, while the other four
are valence electrons—outer electrons that are available for forming
bonds with other atoms.

https://science.jrank.org/pages/1202/Carbon-Why-carbon- special.html

The valence electrons of carbon are shown in the electron

dot diagram in the Figure below.

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https://www.ck12.org/chemistry/carbon-bonding/lesson/Carbon-Bonding-MS-PS/

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 doescarbonneedto havea full
outerenergylevel?

https://periodictable.me/what
-is-valency-of-carbon/

A:Carbon needs four more valence

electrons,or a totalof eightvalence
electrons,
to fill its outerenergylevel
.
A full outer
energy level is the most
stablearrangement of electrons.
https://avatars.alphacoders.com/avatars/view/163793

Q: Howcancarbonachievea full

A: Carbon can form four covalent

bonds. Covalent bonds are chemical
bondsthat form between nonmetals .
In a covalentbond, twoatomssharea
pair of electrons. By forming four
covalent bonds, carbonshares four
pairs of electrons, thus filling its outer
https://steemit.com/anime/@takes2soft/
guilty-1st-kizuna-ai-trial-not-guilty energylevelandachieving stability.

https://www.ck12.org/chemistry/carbon-bonding/lesson/Carbon-Bonding-MS-PS/

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 How Carbon Forms Bonds?

A carbon atom can form covalent bonds

with other carbon atoms or with the atoms of
other elements. Carbon often forms bonds with
hydrogen. Compounds that contain only carbon
and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons.
Methane (CH4), which is modeled in the
Figure below, is an example of a hydrocarbon. In
methane(CH4), a single carbon atom forms
covalent bonds with four hydrogen atoms. The
diagram on the left in the Figure below shows all
the shared valence electrons. The diagram on the right in the
Figure below, called a structural formula, represents each pair
of shared electrons with a dash (–).

Figure 1. Methane (CH4)

Carbon can form single, double, or even triple bonds with

other carbon atoms. In a single bond, two carbon atoms share
one pair of electrons. In a double bond, they share two pairs of
electrons, and in a triple bond they share three pairs of
electrons. Carbon atoms can form chains of unlimited length.

Double Bond

https://www.ck12.org/chemistry/carbon-bonding/lesson/Carbon-Bonding-MS-PS/

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 https://surfguppy.com/polymers/carbon-carbon-single-double-triple-bonds/

Carbon also readily forms bonds with other

elements/atoms forming straight chains, branched chains or
rings, like the ones shown below.

Activity 1. How many bonds do carbon atoms share in

each of the following compounds?

Carbon No. of pairs of Type or No. of bonds

Compound electrons shared formed

https://slideplayer.com/slide/8546855/

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 NegOr_Q2_Science9_SLKWeek4_v2

Activity 2. Given the Lewis Dot Structure of the following

compounds, illustrate the structural formula for each
compound.

Lewis Dot Structure Structural Formula

1

https://natural-universe.net/the-scientific-view-of-the-universe/what-atomic-physics-and-chemistry-tell-us/ carbon/?
print=print

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 Now you may not even notice but carbon is used in so many
daily activities. Some of the most important uses are:

• It makes up for 18% of the human body. Sugar, glucose,

proteins etc. are all made of it. The food we eat contains an
important source of energy which we call carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates are nothing but elements of carbon itself.
• Carbon in its diamond form is used in jewelry. But diamonds
are also used for industrial purposes. It is the hardest
substance known to man and so has many uses in
manufacturing processes.
• Amorphous carbon is used to make inks and paints. It is also
used in batteries.
• Graphite is used as the lead in your pencils. It is also used in
the production of steel.
• One of the most important uses is carbon dating. We can
actually use carbon to measure the age of things. Scientists
use a rare form of carbon called Carbon-14 to measure the
age of fossils, bones etc. The release of this carbon-14 is
recorded to estimate the life of the said organic substance.
This is how scientists find the age and period of dinosaur
bones and fossils!
https://www.toppr.com/guides/chemistry/carbon-and-its-compounds/carbon/

You just learned about Carbon’s exceptional

ability to form bonds with other elements and
with itself. It allows to form a huge number of
large, complex molecules called organic

and carry out life processes. So as you can see

from the facts given above carbon is an
https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Book%
3A_Introductory_Biology_(CK-12)/01%3A_Introduction_to_Biology/1.09%3A_Significance_of_Carbon

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III.WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
Post Test
A. Multiple Choice. Write the letter of the correct answer in
your notebook.
1. Why are carbon atoms able to form many organic
compounds?
a. Carbon atoms have strong attraction to other
elements.
b. Carbon atoms attract electrons from other atoms.
c. Carbon atoms can form many types of bonds with
other carbon.
d. None of the above.

2. How many types of bonds can a carbon atom form?

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
3. Carbon atoms can form
a. Single bond c. Triple bonds
b. Double bonds d. All of these

4. What type of bond does ethyne have?

a. Single bond c. Triple bond

b. Double bond d. Quadruple bond

5. Which of the following best describes the carbon bond

type shown in the diagram below?

a. Two double bonds, each sharing 2 valence electrons

with an atom
b. Two double bonds, each sharing 8 valence electrons
with an atom
c. Two double bonds, each sharing 6 valence electrons
with an atom
d. Two double bonds, each sharing 4 valence electron
with an atom
6. I am a covalent bond where two atoms share two
electrons (one from each atom) with one another. What
type of covalent bond am I?
a. Single bond c. Triple bond
b. Double bond d. Quadruple bond
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 7. This ability of carbon accounts for the wide diversity of
organic compounds.
a. Ability to form covalent bonds with a number of
elements and with another carbon atom
b. Ability to melt.
c. Ability to be converted into gaseous state.
d. Ability to conduct electricity.
8. Which of the following is the structural formula for
alkyne? a.

b.

c.

d. None of the above

9. Why is the study of carbon compounds important?
a. Because carbon is a key element in producing water.
b. Because carbon is the central element to all living
organisms.
c. Because carbon is a compound
d. None of the above.
10. What allows carbon to serve as the backbone of the
organic macromolecules?
a. Carbon can form stable bonds with many elements
including itself that allows to form a huge variety of
compounds.
b. Carbon is composed of bones.
c. Carbon is a stable element.
d. Carbon can transform itself into different elements.

B. Identify the type of bond the following compound forms

and Illustrate their condensed structural formula.

1. Acetylene

2. Ethylene

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