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Answer-ConcensusAlgorithms - Quize

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29 views4 pages

Answer-ConcensusAlgorithms - Quize

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beogif092l
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© © All Rights Reserved
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QUIZ-7

Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Which of the following algorithms was specifically designed to be simpler


and easier to understand than Paxos?
○ A) Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
○ B) Paxos
○ C) Raft
○ D) Two-Phase Commit
ANS: C) Raft
2. What is the main role of 'Acceptors' in the Paxos algorithm?
○ A) To propose values to other nodes
○ B) To decide whether to accept or reject a proposal
○ C) To broadcast the chosen value to all learners
○ D) To handle all client interactions
ANS: B) To decide whether to accept or reject a proposal
3. Which consensus algorithm is designed to handle scenarios where nodes
may act maliciously or fail arbitrarily?
○ A) Raft
○ B) Paxos
○ C) Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
○ D) Gossip Protocol
ANS: C) Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
4. What is a major challenge associated with the Raft algorithm?
○ A) High complexity in implementation
○ B) Lack of a clear leader in decision-making
○ C) Single leader bottleneck under high loads
○ D) Inability to achieve strong consistency
ANS: C) Single leader bottleneck under high loads

5. In which phase of the Paxos algorithm do 'Acceptors' send a promise not to


accept lower-numbered proposals?
○ A) Prepare Phase
○ B) Promise Phase
○ C) Accept Phase
○ D) Learn Phase
ANS: A) Prepare Phase
6. What is the purpose of the 'Leader Election' phase in the Raft algorithm?
○ A) To accept proposals from nodes
○ B) To choose a single leader who coordinates changes
○ C) To replicate logs to followers
○ D) To verify the validity of proposed values
ANS: B) To choose a single leader who coordinates changes
7. Which consensus algorithm is most likely to be used in blockchain networks
for its high-security measures?
○ A) Paxos
○ B) Raft
○ C) Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
○ D) Two-Phase Commit
ANS: C) Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
8. What is a key strength of the Paxos algorithm?
○ A) High scalability
○ B) Easy to implement
○ C) Highly fault-tolerant
○ D) Low communication overhead
ANS: C) Highly fault-tolerant
9. Which algorithm involves the phases of 'Pre-prepare', 'Prepare', 'Commit',
and 'Reply'?
○ A) Paxos
○ B) Raft
○ C) Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
○ D) Raft and Paxos
ANS: C) Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
10. Which role in the Raft algorithm is responsible for handling all client
interactions?
○ A) Follower
○ B) Candidate
○ C) Leader
○ D) Acceptor

ANS: C) Leader

Short Answer Questions

1. Explain the primary goal of consensus algorithms in distributed systems.

ANS: The number one purpose of consensus algorithms in allotted structures is to


make certain that multiple nodes agree on a single value or kingdom, even within
the presence of screw ups or unreliable additives. This settlement is vital for
keeping consistency and reliability across the system, allowing it to operate
correctly notwithstanding community walls, node crashes, or other troubles which
could get up in a allotted environment.

2. How does Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) handle malicious or arbitrary failures
in a distributed system?

ANS: Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) handles malicious or arbitrary failures by


using consensus protocols that ensure consensus among nodes even if some of
them act maliciously or fail unexpectedly with BFT algorithms often adopting
multiple communication strategies ho, where nodes exchange messages to agree
on a proposed price. The system is designed for a large number of faulty or
inauthentic nodes using cryptographic techniques and redundancy. BFT ensures
that as long as the majority of nodes are honest and efficient, the system can still
reach consensus and remain efficient.

3. What are some use cases for the Raft algorithm, and why is it chosen over Paxos
in certain situations?
4. Explain the concept of 'Leader Election' in the Raft algorithm. Why is it important?

ANS: Raft is a popular consensus set of rules utilized in allotted structures due to its
simplicity and sturdy leader version. It's nicely-proper for situations requiring statistics
consistency and availability across multiple nodes, consisting of distributed databases,
report structures, and blockchain technology. Its clean separation of roles and phases
makes it less difficult to put into effect and debug in comparison to extra complex
algorithms like Paxos.

5. What is the purpose of the 'Learn Phase' in the Paxos algorithm?

ANS: The Learning Phase of the Paxos algorithm acts as a mechanism to ensure
participants’ consensus on specific concepts. Its primary role is to distribute and
confirm the value chosen by the majority of stakeholders, prevent conflicting
decisions, and ensure stability of the system As all stakeholders once the price is
known, the offer has an acceptable

6. Discuss one advantage and one disadvantage of using Byzantine Fault Tolerance
(BFT) in distributed systems.

ANS: Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) offers exceptional resilience against


malicious failures, making it ideal for critical systems where security is paramount.
However, its strength comes at a cost: BFT algorithms often incur significant
performance overhead due to the increased communication and computational
requirements. This can lead to reduced throughput and higher latency, especially
in large-scale distributed systems.

7. How do consensus algorithms like Paxos and Raft contribute to data consistency
in distributed databases?

ANS: Consensus algorithms like Paxos and Raft are needed to ensure data
consistency in a distributed database. Data aberrations are prevented by ensuring
that all nodes have a consistent view of the data, handling failures nicely, and
enhancing stability. This makes distributed databases more scalable and efficient
even in harsh environments.

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