Extending Our Lines

to Your Desktop
User’s Manual I Version 4.0.7
Table of Contents

Table of Contents
1 Welcome to SAG10® Software 2
1.1 What is SAG10 Software? 2
1.2 Who Can Use SAG10 Software? 2
1.3 SAG10 Highlights 2
1.3.1 SAG10 Features 2
1.3.2 What’s New in SAG10 Version 4.0? 3
1.3.3 History of SAG10 Software and the Graphic Method 3
1.3.4 Future Direction for SAG10 Software 3
1.4 Installation 4
1.4.1 Southwire’s SAG10 Package Includes: 4
1.4.2 Minimum System Requirements 4
1.4.3 Installing the Application 4
1.4.4 Registering a License 4
1.4.5 Troubleshooting 5
1.4.6 Automated Updating 5
1.5 Technical Support 5

2 Getting Started with the SAG10 Program 7

2.1 Creating a SAG10 Project 7
2.2 Select the Conductor 8
2.3 Enter the Ice/Wind Load and Tension Limits 9
2.4 Enter the Ruling Span Lengths 10
2.5 Calculate Sag and Tension 11

3 Main Menu Toolbar Controls 13

3.1 File Menu 13
3.1.1 New 13
3.1.2 Open 13
3.1.3 Save 13
3.1.4 Save As 13
3.1.5 Exit 13
3.1.6 Exit and Check-In License 13
3.2 Run Menu 13
3.2.1 Sag & Tension 13
3.2.2 Pause Between Spans 14
3.2.3 Inclined Spans 14
3.2.4 Ruling Span Calculation 15
3.3 Tools – Options Menu 16
3.3.1 Elevated Temperature 16
3.3.2 Input and Output Tensions 19
3.3.3 Optional Columns in Output 20
3.3.4 Units 20
3.3.5 NESC K 20
3.3.6 Also Output Results to 20
3.3.7 Creep (Time Selection) 21
3.3.8 Folder Path Setups 21
3.3.9 Stress-Strain Curves 21
3.3.10 Send To File 22
3.3.11 Chart Type 22
 Table of Contents

3.4 Tools – Chart Explorer 23

3.5 Tools – Export PLS-CADDTM WIR Files 25
(for Concurrent Licenses Only)
3.6 Setup Menu 25
3.6.1 Print Setup 25
3.6.2 Page Setup 25
3.6.3 Fonts 25
3.7 Help Menu 26
3.7.1 Help➞Contents➞Function Tabs 26
3.7.2 Help➞Search for Help On 26
3.7.3 Help➞Tech Support 26
3.7.4 Help➞View License 26
3.7.5 Help➞About SAG10® [Software] 26
3.7.6 Help➞Maintenance Agreement 26

4 Conductor Selection Screen 28

4.1 Conductor Type 28
4.2 Conductor or Messenger 29
4.3 Chart Type 29
4.4 Data Panel 29
4.4.1 View Chart 30
4.4.2 Editing Conductor Data 30
4.4.3 Generating a WIR file (For Concurrent Licenses Only) 30
4.5 Conductor Options 30
4.5.1 VR2® (Twisted Pair) Option 31
4.5.2 Use as a Messenger 31
4.5.3 Non-Supporting Cable, Pre-Assembled or Lashed 32
4.5.4 Marker Balls 33
4.5.5 PLP Spoiler 34
4.5.6 ADSS Cable 35
4.5.7 OPGW Cable 35
4.5.8 AAAC Conductor 35
4.5.9 ACSR/TW Codewords 35
4.6 Sort Options 35

5 Edit Loading Table Screen 37

5.1 Load Table Fields 38
5.2 Load Selections 38
5.2.1 NESC 39
5.2.2 NESC (Unloaded Limits) 39
5.2.3 RUS 1724E-200 Table 9-3 40
5.2.4 California 40
5.3 Add Gallop Load 40
5.4 Add Creep Load 41
5.5 Extra Heavy Loads 41
5.6 Use of the Common Point 41
5.7 Printing the Load Table 41
Table of Contents

6 Sag & Tension Data Screen 43

6.1 Data Screen 43
6.2 Creep Messages in the Data Screen 43
6.2.1 Extrapolated Curve Message 43
6.2.2 Creep Messages and Critical Tension 43
6.2.3 Loading Limits Table 44
6.3 Data Screen Upper Toolbar Controls 45
6.3.1 Action 45
6.3.2 Edit 45
6.3.3 View 45
6.3.4 Stringing Module 46
6.3.5 Offset Clip Module 47
6.3.6 Ruling Span Variation Module 49
6.3.7 Gallop Module 50
6.3.8 Clash Module 54
6.4 Data Screen Lower Toolbar Controls 58
6.4.1 Return 58
6.4.2 Print 58
6.4.3 Save 58
6.4.4 Copy 58
6.4.5 Edit 58
6.4.6 Explore 58
(Outside of the U.S.A.) Consumer End Users Only

7 SAG10® Licensed Program End User License Agreement 60

7.1 Definitions 60
7.2 License(s) 60
7.3 License Restrictions 61
7.4 Upgrades 62
7.5 Ownership 62
7.6 Limited Warranty and Disclaimer 62
7.7 Exclusive Remedy 62
7.8 Intellectual Property Indemnification 63
7.9 Limitation of Liability 63
7.10 Basis of Bargain 64
7.11 (Outside of the USA) Consumer End Users Only 64
7.12 General Provisions 64
7.13 Third Party Software 64

8 Appendices – Reference Materials 66

8.1 A – Error Messages 66
8.2 B – Determining Sag-Tension on Single Span, No Original Design 68
8.3 C – Determining Sag-Tension on Single Span, Original Design Known 71
 Welcome to SAG10® Software

Welcome to SAG10® Software

What is SAG10 Software?

Who Can Use SAG10 Software?

SAG10 Highlights

Installation Technical Support

Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual 1

 Welcome to SAG10® Software

1 Welcome to SAG10® Software Other SAG10 features include:

• Easy-to-use menu-driven interface
• Create, save, and open project files
1.1 What is SAG10 Software?
• Automatic creep check
Southwire’s SAG10 software is a PC-based
• Easily create, save, and edit Custom conductors
program that automates execution of the Alcoa
• Add attachments and supported loads to
Graphic Method of sag-tension calculations for
conductors
overhead conductors. The Alcoa Graphic Method
has been the standard for sag and tension
calculations for almost 90 years. SAG10® is a
Data furnished includes:
registered trademark of Southwire Company in
• Stress-strain coefficients
the United States.
• Standard load tables
• Conductor database including:
1.2 Who Can Use SAG10 Software? o AAC
Southwire intends the SAG10 program to be o AAC/TW
used by qualified engineers and designers who o AAAC
have a foundation of knowledge about overhead o ACAR
power transmission and distribution lines, and o Hard Drawn Copper
the performance of conductors used in those o ACSR
lines. When using the SAG10 program, a qualified o ACSR/AW
engineer should review the parameters input for o ACSR/TW
the calculations, and the resulting calculated data, o ACSR/TW/AW
and verify that they are correct for the specific o ACSR/SD
application. o ACSS
o ACSS/AW
1.3 SAG10 Highlights o ACSS/TW
o ACSS/TW/AW
1.3.1 SAG10 Features o ZTACCR/TW/C7
SAG10 calculation features include: o ACCS/TW/C7
• Alcoa Graphic Method for Sag and Tension o ACCR
Calculations for ACSR and Other o ACCR/TW
Conductors o Covered Line Wire
• Sag and tension with creep o Multiplex
• Elevated temperature creep o Alumoweld
• Inclined span calculation o OPGW
• Stringing sag calculation o Copperweld
• Graphic output of galloping ellipses and o Copperweld-Copper
sag curves o Steel
• Offset clipping calculation o AAC British
• Clash module for calculating clearance between o AAAC British
conductors and ADSS conductor o ACSR British
• Galloping calculations
• Ruling span variation calculations

2 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Welcome to SAG10® Software

1.3.2 What’s New in SAG10® Version 4.0? In 2008, Southwire Company acquired ownership
• Full Compatibility with the Windows® XP and of the SAG10 program. In Version 3.10, Southwire
higher operating systems. *Windows is a registered ® completely redesigned the SAG10 user interface
trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries. to simplify use of the program. Southwire also
• Updated conductor data made many other enhancements to improve the
• Automated stress-strain chart selection using accuracy and reliability of the SAG10 program.
logic algorithms Version 4.0 includes many enhancements, notably
• Updated U.S./Metric units and conversions the Compatibility with all current Windows®
• Calculation optimization - Rounding only for operating systems.
displayed values, unit conversions made only
for display) Release History:
• °C/°F unit selection in Edit Loading Table screen 1992, SAG10 Version 5 and SAGPLOT Version 1
• °C and °F units in sag-tension reports 1994, SAG10 Program for Windows
• Automated software and data updates 1997, SAG10 Version 1.1 for Windows
• Flexible licensing options 1998, SAG10 Version 2.0 for Windows
• Easily export Power Line Systems, Inc. (PLS- 2001, SAG10 Version 3.0 for Windows
CADDTM) files. PLS-CADD is a registered trademark of Power Line
TM
2008, Southwire’s SAG10 Version 3.10 for Windows
Systems, Inc. in the United States.
2013, Southwire’s SAG10 Version 4.0 for Windows
• Conductor Types in drop-down format and better
grouped for easy selection
1.3.4 Future Direction for SAG10 Software
• Added loading limits table in reports
Southwire is proud to offer the SAG10 program
• Corrected VR2® (Twisted Pair) calculations
to the Transmission and Distribution market, and
• Enhanced Loading Table Editor, including
we are committed to improving and expanding
simplified loading limit entry
SAG10 usability and benefits. In keeping with
• Edit and save Glazed and Rime Ice Densities
that commitment, Southwire will periodically
• Updated load tables per the NESC C2-2017 and
update the SAG10 software with new features,
RUS 2009
enhancements, and data based on feedback we
• Save ADSS conductors to Custom and in project
receive from you. These updates will be made
files
available through the automated update feature
• Improved performance and reliability
in Version 4.0, supported under the Maintenance
• View graphs of stress-strain charts
Contract.
1.3.3 History of SAG10 Software and the As a leading innovator in the industry, many
Graphic Method Southwire developments have come through its
The Alcoa Graphic Method of sag-tension partnership with its Transmission and Distribution
calculations was developed in 1926 by H.H. customers. That’s why we want to hear from you
Rodee. The Alcoa Graphic Method is based on to help us grow and improve the SAG10 program
analysis of the stress-strain behavior of the even further.
complete conductor and its component parts.
The method is useful for composite conductors Please visit http://www.sag10.com/ContactUs.
such as ACSR and ACSS, as well as conductors htm and tell us what you like, what you dislike,
composed of a single metal such as aluminum, and what you would like to see added to future
copper, or steel. releases. Help us to continue to provide you the
best sag and tension tool possible.
In 1963, a mainframe-based program named
SAGTEN became available to automate execution
of the extensive calculations required by the
Alcoa Graphic Method. In 1994, developers
released the SAG10 program, a PC-based
enhancement of the original mainframe-based
SAGTEN.

Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual 3

 Welcome to SAG10® Software

1.4 Installation 6. By default, the SAG10 program will be

installed under the “C:\Program Files (x86)\
1.4.1 Southwire’s SAG10® Package Includes: Southwire\SAG10” folder. A different location
1. Product Key may be chosen by clicking on the Change
2. Download link button and selecting the preferred folder.
3. Installation Instructions link Once completed, click Next.
4. Documentation link 7. A desktop shortcut will be added by default.
5. User’s Manual link Click Next to proceed.
6. Other helpful links 8. To finalize the installation, click Install.
9. Click Finish.
1.4.2 Minimum System Requirements 10. To launch the SAG10 program, either double-
• Pentium 1.2 GHz or greater with at least 128 MB click on the desktop shortcut OR navigate
of RAM. to the program by clicking on Start -> All
• The Windows® XP operating system or higher. Programs -> Southwire -> SAG10 ->SAG10.
• Hard disk with at least 40 MB of free space (5
MB used by program for file storage). 1.4.4 Registering a License
• VGA or better monitor The first time the SAG10 program is run, a valid
product key will need to be entered to activate
NOTE the software. Product keys are sent with order
If you are upgrading from a previous version of delivery emails after approval of orders. If the key
the SAG10 program, anycustom conductors and cannot be located, call 1-877-797-2410.
charts will have to be re-entered after installing
the new version of the SAG10 program. You 1. Enter the Product Key in the space provided.
should print copies of any custom data before 2. Choose the License Type as either Network
uninstalling any prior versions of the software or Standalone. All standard orders will be
that you wish to enter into the new version. It Network licenses.
was necessary to change the way custom data is 3. By default, the License Source will be set to
entered to correct some issues in prior versions Internet. If a valid internet connection is not
of the SAG10 program. available, choose the Email option.
a) If Internet is chosen and proxy service IS
NOTE NOT, proceed to Step 4 below. b) If Internet
See the Installation Guide included with and proxy service are chosen, check “Use
order delivery for detailed information on the Proxy Service” and click on Configure Proxy
installation process. Service. Enter the proxy server address and
click Accept. Proceed to Step 4 below.
c) If Email is chosen, a license will need to be
1.4.3 Installing the Application
requested.
1. After downloading the SAG10 installer, double
i. Begin by checking “I Accept the
click on the “SAG10_Installer.msi” file to
Licensing Terms”.
begin installing the SAG10 software.
ii. Click Agree on the License Agreement
2. At the security prompt click Run or Accept.
window that appears.
3. Click Next on the “Welcome to the SAG10
iii. Click on the Request button.
Setup Wizard” window.
iv. Select a folder to save the license
4. To continue the installation, read the License
request file (for example a file name
Agreement, check “I accept the terms in the
LicenseRequest.YYYY-MM-DD.xml will
License Agreement”, and click on Next.
be generated).
5. Information will be presented about this
v. Click OK.
version of the SAG10 software. Read it and
vi. A window will appear with instructions
click Next.
on where to e-mail the previously
generated license request file.

4 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Welcome to SAG10® Software

When the license file is received, load the ERROR: Could not acquire license. FAILED!
application and use the Process button to apply INVALID LICENSE HOLDER [license #].
it to the SAG10® software. Navigate to the folder An incorrect product key has been entered.
where the license file is located (Ex: test_license. Click the OK button and enter a valid Product Key.
lic) and click Open. If successful, proceed to
Step 7. ERROR: Could not acquire license. FAILED!
4. Check “I Accept the License Terms”. MACHINE ALREADY HAS ANOTHER TYPE OF
5. Click Checkout. LICENSE ASSOCIATED WITH LICENSE CODE
6. A prompt containing the License Agreement [license #]. CONTACT TECHNICAL SUPPORT.
will appear. Choose Agree or Do NOT Agree. A license has already been registered to this
7. Once a license is successfully checked out, machine. Call 1-877-797-2410.
the Status section of License Information will
be updated to say “Licensed” with a GREEN ERROR: Could not checkin license. FAILED!
background. UNABLE TO CHECKIN LICENSE (NOT FOUND).
8. Click Close and the SAG10 software will appear To resolve, check out the license by going to Help
as seen below. -> View License. Then the license may be checked
back in.
1.4.5 Troubleshooting
ERROR: Could not checkin license. FAILED!
ERROR: Could not acquire license. FAILED! NO ATTEMPTING TO CHECKIN LICENSE WITH
[CONCURRENT] LICENSES AVAILABLE. PERMANENT ACTIVATION.
Possible issues: A permanent license may not be checked in.
(1) A Product Key was entered, but the License Doing so is not necessary, but if this is desired,
Type was selected as Network instead of you will need to contact Technical Support at
Standalone. 1-877-797-2410 to have the account checked in
1. Click the OK button on the error message manually.
2. Change the License Type from Network to
Standalone 1.4.6 Automated Updating
3. Check “I Accept the License Terms” If a software or data update is available for
4. Click the Checkout button SAG10 Version 4.0, you will be prompted to
incorporate the updates if: (1) you currently hold
(2 There are no available seats. You must wait a maintenance contract and (2) the computer you
for a seat to become available, or call are using is connected to the internet. The process
1-877-797-2410. for installing software updates will be similar
to the installation process. Data updates will be
ERROR: Could not acquire license. FAILED! NO automatic.
[PERMANENT] LICENSES AVAILABLE
Possible issues: 1.5 Technical Support
(1) A Product Key was entered, but the License See Appendix B: Error Messages for a list of
Type was selected as Standalone instead of common error messages in the SAG10 program
Network. and explanations for their appearance. For further
1. Click the OK button on the error message assistance, contact SAG10 technical support at
2. Change the License Type from Standalone to 1-877-SWSAG10 (1-877-797-2410) or visit us on the
Network web at www.sag10.com/ContactUs.htm.
3. Check the box beside “I Accept the License
Terms”
4. Click the Checkout button

(2) This license has already been registered as

Standalone. Call 1-877-797-2410 for support.

Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual 5

 Getting Started with the SAG10® Program

Getting Started with the SAG10® Program

Creating a SAG10 Project

Select the Conductor

Enter the Ice/Wind Load and Tension Limits

Enter the Ruling Span Lengths

Calculate Sag and Tension

6 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Getting Started with the SAG10® Program

2 Getting Started with the 2.1 Creating a SAG10 Project

To begin using the SAG10 program, click on
SAG10® Program the SAG10 icon. The SAG10 banner will display
briefly, then the SAG10 Main Menu screen will
There are five basic steps to creating a sag and
appear.
tension report.
• Enter the project title or number in the Title box.
Each of these steps has multiple options, and
• Enter descriptive information in the Description
each step may be affected by options you select
box.
for the entire project.
• You can edit this information at any time.
• Enter a project title and description, if desired
• Select the conductor for the project
NOTE
• Enter the ice/wind load and tension limits for
The Tools➞Options menu in the SAG10 Main
the project
Menu screen toolbar offers many important
• Enter the ruling span lengths
project option choices. For Options details, refer
• Save as a project file
to the section of the Main Menu chapter on the
• Calculate sag and tension
Tools – Options menu.
Within some steps, you can either use standard
data, or you can edit and save custom data.

Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual 7

 Getting Started with the SAG10® Program

2.2 Select the Conductor your application. You can save custom conductor
constructions or use and save them only with
In the Conductor Selection panel of the Main the current project (See below). Any conductor
Menu screen, click on the Select button. The options you select will be saved with the project.
Conductor Selection screen will open.
When you have completed your conductor
Select a conductor construction from the selection and any conductor data edits you want,
Conductor Type drop-down list. For this example, click on the Accept button in the Conductor
choose ACSR. A list of available ACSR conductors Selection screen to return to the Main Menu.
will open in the Conductor or Messenger drop-
down list. Select a conductor, and data for Conductor Selection Screen Details
that conductor will automatically be loaded. For more details on conductor selection,
Buttons in the Data and Conductor Options refer to the chapter on the Conductor
panels of the Conductor Selection screen let you Selection Screen.
customize conductor construction data to suit

8 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Getting Started with the SAG10® Program

2.3 Enter the Ice/Wind Load and To view or modify a load table, click on the Edit
Load Table button in the Load Selection panel.
Tension Limits The Edit Load Table screen will appear preloaded
with any selection you have made in the Load
The Load Selection panel of the Main Menu Selection panel of the Main Menu. In our
contains a list of industry-standard load example, this screen should open preloaded with
configurations. Choosing the NESC (Unloaded the NESC (Unloaded Limits) Medium values since
Limits) loading conditions will limit the initial we previously selected NESC (Unloaded Limits)
and final without external loading tensions at Medium from the Load Selection panel of the
conductor temperatures of 0.0°F, 15.0°F, or 30.0°F Main Menu.
depending on the selected loading district.
Choosing the NESC loading conditions will limit For the purposes of this example, click on the
only the initial loaded tension at a conductor Accept Loadings button to return to the
temperature of 60.0°F. The RUS 1724E-200 Table Main Menu.
9-3 loads and tensions are the equivalent to the
old REA/Alcoa loads and tensions.You can select Load Selection Details
a standard load table, create a custom load table, For more details on load selection, refer to the
or open a saved load table. For the purposes of Edit Loading Table chapter.
this example, select NESC (Unloaded Limits)
Medium.

Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual 9

 Getting Started with the SAG10® Program

2.4 Enter the Ruling Span Lengths Menu let you edit the ruling spans list. You can:
• Insert Span will insert a span above the
You can enter up to 50 ruling spans in the currently selected span.
Ruling Spans panel of the Main Menu. • Delete Span will delete the selected span.
• You can enter spans individually • Clear Spans will clear all of the spans in the
• You can create a series of spans. table.
• Accept each entry by pressing the Enter key. • Series of Spans opens the Ruling Spans window
• Units are Feet or Meters, depending on the to create a series of spans.
option selected in the SAG10® Main
Menu toolbar➞Tools➞Options screen. To create a list of multiple ruling spans, equally
spaced, simply enter a starting span length, the
For our example, type in a value of 500 feet, and length you want to increment the spans by, and
press the Enter key. an ending span length. Click on the Create button,
and the table will be filled in. Click on the Accept
button, and these values will appear in the Ruling
Spans table on the Main Menu.

The buttons in the Ruling Spans panel of the Main

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 Getting Started with the SAG10® Program

2.5 Calculate Sag and Tension Sag and Tension Output Details
For more details on sag and tension outputs, refer
NOTE to the Sag & Tension Data Screen chapter.
Before calculating sag and tension, be sure to:
1. Select a conductor NOTE
2. Specify load conditions The Tools➞Options menu in the toolbar of the
3. Enter a ruling span or spans SAG10 Main Menu offers many important project
option choices. For Options details, refer to the
You can initiate sag and tension calculations in section of the Main Menu chapter on the Tools –
two ways: Options menu.
• Click on the Calculate Sag & Tension button at
the bottom of the SAG10® Main Menu
• Select Main Menu toolbar➞Run➞Sag & Tension.

Either way, the SAG10 program will generate a

Sag & Tension Data screen that can be viewed,
saved to a file, or printed.

Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual 11

 Main Menu Toolbar Controls

Main Menu Toolbar Controls

File Menu

Run Menu

Tools - Options Menu

Tools - Chart Explorer

Setup Menu

Help Menu

12 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Main Menu Toolbar Controls

3 Main Menu Toolbar Controls 3.1.5 Exit

Select Exit to close the SAG10 program and
The Main Menu toolbar is located at the top of the return to Windows®.
SAG10® Main Menu.
3.1.6 Exit and Check-In License
3.1 File Menu Select Exit and Check-In License in order to close
the SAG10 program and check in the license seat
for use by another user.
3.1.1 New
Select New to clear all previous project file data.
3.2 Run Menu
3.1.2 Open
Select Open to browse for an existing project file 3.2.1 Sag & Tension
and open it. Loading a file will clear all current The SAG10 Main Menu toolbar➞Run➞Sag &
project file data. Tension selection executes the sag and tension
calculations. Choose this selection only after
3.1.3 Save selecting a conductor, load parameters, and
Select Save to save a newly created file, or to ruling span, and any options in the SAG10 Main
save an existing project file. This selection is Menu toolbar Tools➞Options screen.
active only after you have selected a conductor,
load parameters, and ruling span data. Save Sag and Tension Output Details
SAG10 project files with an .s10 extension. For more details on sag and tension outputs, refer
to the Output Screen chapter
3.1.4 Save As
Select Save As to save a project file under a
new name. This selection is active only after you
have selected a conductor, load parameters, and
ruling span data. Save SAG10 project files with a
.S10Proj extension.

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 Main Menu Toolbar Controls

3.2.2 Pause Between Spans 3.2.3 Inclined Spans

If you select the Main Menu toolbar➞Run➞Pause If you select the Main Menu
between Spans option, or the Pause between toolbar➞Run➞Inclined Spans option, the Inclined
Spans checkbox in the Ruling Spans panel of the Span screen will open.
Main Menu, a Next Span option will be displayed
in the toolbar of the Sag & Tension Data screen. Stringing sags generated by the graphic-method
Selecting Next Span will step through the sag are for level ground spans and are based on the
and tension calculation for each ruling span average tension (Pav) of the conductor. There
entered. are times when the combination of a long span
and difference in elevation creates difficulties in
If there is only one span to run, then this option sagging conductor
does not affect the output.
Depending on the span length and difference in
If you enter a large number of spans and a elevation, the lowest point of sag may fall beyond
Warning Message is received during calculation the lower support (indicated by a negative value
that indicates Out of Memory or Output Exceeds for the x-coordinate in the Lowest Point box)
Buffer Size, then you may have to either: or the vertical tension at the lower tower may
• Use the Pause between Spans option, or become positive. If either of these conditions
• Reduce the number of ruling spans. occurs, this indicates that there may be an up-lift
If these messages are displayed, the screen problem at the lower support attachment point.
output will be incomplete, but the Print to File To correct this, enter a lower value for the
output will not be affected. Horizontal Tension.

14 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Main Menu Toolbar Controls

Sag Calculation Temperature Calculate Ruling Spans Control Buttons

The SAG10® Inclined Span option calculates the • Append will append the calculated ruling span
proper inclined Span Length (SL) and average to the bottom of the ruling span list in the Ruling
tension (Pav) to be used based on the Horizontal Spans panel of the Main Menu screen.
Tension input. Therefore, as tension varies with • Replace will remove any existing ruling spans
conductor temperature, the sags and clearances from the ruling span list in the Ruling Spans
resulting from the inclined span calculations panel of the Main Menu screen and replace
are only valid at the conductor temperature them with the calculated ruling span.
associated with the Horizontal Tension input. For • Save Span File saves the span file to a location
example, if the horizontal tension is an initial you specify as a .SPN file type.
tension at 60.0°F, the resulting sag and clearance • Open Span File retrieves an existing span file.
values are valid only for the 60.0°F initial
condition. Saved span lists can also be recalled and used
when creating stringing sag tables. For more
Inclined Span Control Buttons information, refer to the Stringing Module section
• Calculate will re-calculate the inclined catenary in the Output Screen Chapter.
after changing any data.
• DXF will save the inclined catenary as a .DXF
file to a location you specify. A DXF file can
be imported into most CAD programs. Typical
uses would be to generate a sag template, or to
import the sag curve into a drawing containing
some ground profile for structure spotting.
• Print will send the inclined span results to the
printer.
• Close will close the Inclined Span screen and
return you to the Main Menu screen.

3.2.4 Ruling Span Calculation

If you select the Main Menu toolbar➞Run➞Ruling
Span Calculation option, the Calculate Ruling
Span screen will open. This SAG10 utility
calculates a ruling span from a list of spans.

Enter a list of spans within a line section into

the table and click on the Calculate button. The
resulting ruling span calculation shows in the box
below the Calculate button.

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3.3 Tools – Options Menu Input

This option will cause the sag-tension
You can adjust key project option settings by calculations to include the effects of additional
selecting Main Menu toolbar➞Tools➞Options. non-recoverable strain due to operating a
The Option Settings screen will open. conductor at elevated
temperatures. The default
Options you set are saved as part of the current selection for this option
project file. When you are finished selecting is unchecked. When you
options, you can: check the Input box, the
• Click on the Save as Defaults button, and the Elevated Temperature
selected options will become the defaults when Creep screen opens. When
you load the program, or working with elevated
• Click on the Accept button, which saves your temperature calculations, the SAG10® program
selections for the current session only. will modify the Load Table before calculating sag
and tension. For each conductor temperature in
3.3.1 Elevated Temperature the Elevated Creep Table at or above 16.0°C
The Elevated Temperature options are provided
for you to include additional non- recoverable (60.0°F), an additional row will be created in
strain due to operation of conductors at elevated the Load Table with ET in the Usage column to
temperatures. These options should not be used designate the row as an Elevated Temperature
for ACSS conductors, which are designed for high Point. Conductor temperatures less than 16.0°C
operating temperatures. (60.0°F) will be ignored since they do not
contribute to elevated temperature creep.

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temp creep point, indicating normal creep (Ec)

and elevated temperature creep (Ecrp). Ec will
represent the normal non-recoverable strain
seen in the conductor over ten years, in parts per
million. Ecrp will represent the non-recoverable
strain seen in the conductor due to operation at
elevated temperatures, in parts per million.

Creep is a function of time and temperature.

The SAG10® program will select the time/
temperature that will cause the maximum micro-
strain increase in elongation and convert it to
a temperature differential. This means the Ecrp
value will not be a sum of the micro-strains
but simply the micro-strain from one time/
temperature case.

For more background on elevated temperature

creep, research the following papers:
• J. R. Harvey, R. E. Larson - Use of Elevated
Temperature Creep Data in Sag- Tension
Calculations, IEEE Paper 69 TP 674-PWR.
Enter the total time for which the conductor is • J. R. Harvey, R. E. Larson - Creep Equations of
expected to experience elevated temperatures Conductors for Sag-Tension Calculations, IEEE
over the life of the line. Entries are in hours Paper C 72 190-2.
and °C. • J. R. Harvey, R. E. Larson - Technique to Include
Elevated Temperature Creep in Sag-tension
Elevated temperature creep is considered for Calculations, IEEE T and D Conference and
all-aluminum conductors (AAC, AAAC, ACAR) Exposition April 1-9, 1979.
and ACSR conductors with less than 7.5% steel • W. B. Zollars - Aluminum Conductor Elevated
by area.Elevated temperature creep of ACSRs Temperature Considerations, Seminar
with more than 7.5% steel by area is less than sponsored by Georgia Power Co., the Aluminum
room temperature creep and can be ignored. If Association, and EPRI on the Effects of
you have chosen an ACSR with more than 7.5% Elevated Temperature Operation on Overhead
steel, the program will issue a warning message, Conductors and Accessories - May 20, 1986,
uncheck the Elevated Temperature Input box, and Atlanta Georgia.
bypass the Elevated Temperature Creep table.
Aluminum Compression
Finally, click on either the Rolled or Cast ACSR conductors are composed of two materials,
Rod option, whichever is appropriate for the steel and 1350-H19 hardened aluminum. These
conductor being modeled. Rolled rod tends to materials expand at different rates when heated.
creep more than cast rod, so the formulas are The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for
different. aluminum is approximately twice that of steel, so
as an ACSR conductor is heated, the aluminum
The sag-tension output will include a pound (#) will attempt to expand more than the steel core.
sign by the elevated temperature rows. Since the aluminum and steel are connected
together at various points along the line, the steel
Output Strain prevents the aluminum from elongating as much
This option is considered only if the Elevated as it wants to. Under these conditions, the helical
Temperature Input box is checked. If both path of the aluminum grows and a compressive
boxes are checked, the sag and tension output force builds in the aluminum, similar to a
will include a line of data at the first elevated compressed spring.

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This is not a problem in the normal operating The Built in Aluminum Stress has a default value
temperature range of ACSR, which is below of 1500 psi. This is the stress from the aluminum
100°C. However, at elevated operating compression acting on the steel core.
temperatures, the amount of growth in the
aluminum is much more than the growth in the The Aluminum Area is the ratio of the aluminum
steel. Since they are connected together, the area to the total area.
aluminum “spring” pushes against the steel core
as it grows. This extra force on the steel is not The # of Aluminum Layers, # of Aluminum
part of the normal sag and tension calculations. Strands, and # of Core Strands may be changed if
It causes the steel to elongate more, and thus the data is incorrect.
the conductor to sag more, than the standard
calculations predict. Selecting the Aluminum The Stranding Lay Ratios are the lay ratios (lay
Compression option will cause the SAG10® length divided by layer diameter) of the layers
program to take into consideration the additional of aluminum. The input boxes go from the
expansive force imparted to the steel by the Outer Layer to the Inner Layer starting left and
aluminum. proceeding right.

This option will cause the Aluminum Note: This only applies to ACSR, ACCR, and
Compression Variables screen to appear. The ZTACCR conductors. This is not an issue in ACSS
screen will automatically populate the input conductors due to the use of fully annealed
boxes with values from the database. These 1350-O aluminum, which yields more readily than
values may be edited if needed. hardened 1350-H19 aluminum. For this reason,
compressive forces do not build in the aluminum
to a level high enough to affect the steel core.

For details, refer to “Theory of Compressive

Stress in Aluminum of ACSR” and “Some Effects
of Mill Practice on the Stress Strain Behavior
of ACSR” by C. B. Rawlins. The Rawlins paper
attributes the additional sag at high temperatures
in ACSR to mill practices. Regardless of the cause,
compressive stress is created in ACSR that causes
additional sag.

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3.3.2 Input and Output Tensions Total Tension (At Supports)

A tension value may mean several things. It The total tension is the total tension at the
can describe horizontal tensions, total tensions supports. It includes the weight of the wire. The
(tension magnitude at support points) or average tension at the supports is used in tower-design
tensions (an in-between value representing the calculations. Formulas used for level spans are as
tension state of the entire span). follows:

TS = TH + wD

Where: TS = Total tension at supports, lb

w = Conductor weight, lb/ft
D = Conductor sag, ft

Separate Aluminum and Core Tension

The basis for the Alcoa Graphic Method of
When you fill in the Load Table, you may require sag and tension is stress-strain testing. When
a limit based on a particular tension type. stress-strain tests are performed on steel core
Conversely, in the sag and tension data output, conductors, both composite (aluminum combined
you may want to display a different type of with steel) and single (that of the steel only) data
tension. The SAG10® program lets you specify are generated. When dealing with steel core
input and output tension types separately in the conductors, the Graphic Method derives the
Input Tensions and Output Tensions panels of the stress-strain data of the aluminum portion by
subtracting the available steel data from that of
Options Settings window. In addition, the Output the composite.
Tensions panel has a box that lets you select a
display that separates the tension components At each conductor temperature specified in the
attributed to steel and aluminum. (See below Load Table, the calculations are performed using
for details.) the stress-strain data from the components,
which are then added to form the composite. The
Average Tension Separate Aluminum and Core Tensions option will
The default used for tension is the average value. cause the tensions in each of the components
to be displayed, as well as the total tension in
Horizontal Tension (At Sag) the conductor. The ability to view the separate
The horizontal tension is at the belly of the sag. tensions can be a valuable tool when evaluating
At this point, the horizontal tension equals the operation of ACSRs at high temperatures, or
total tension in the conductor. Horizontal tension when calculation pre-tensioning for ACSS
is used in offset clipping and inclined span conductors.
calculations. Formulas used for level spans are as
follows:

TH = 2Tavg - TS

Where:TH = Horizontal, lb
Tavg = Average tension, lb
TS = Total tension (at supports), lb

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3.3.3 Optional Columns in Output All bare overhead conductor designs, including
These option boxes add columns to the sag and calculations of weight and RBS, are per ASTM
tension output for final and initial tension. International, regardless of the unit selection
made. CSA and IEC designs are not currently
supported. See the chapter on Editing conductor
data for information on how to edit the data in
order to conform to other standards.

NOTE: If you have any information on ways to

improve our Metric use, please contact us via the
SAG10® website.

3.3.5 NESC K
• None – no added columns Occasionally it is necessary to distinguish
• % RBS – Percentage of Rated Breaking Strength between NESC 5th or 6th Edition and the
• H/w – Horizontal Tension divided by Weight. This
is often referred to as the “Catenary Constant”
or “C” value
• Horizontal and Vertical Sag – displays the
resultant sag as horizontal and vertical
components

3.3.4 Units
There are four options available for Units:

• New – Designates NESC 7th edition

• Old – Designates NESC 5th or 6th edition
• Old (Steel and Cu) – Match calculations for steel
or copper cable for the older NESC manuals
• Zero – Ignore K

3.3.6 Also Output Results to

Default Printer
• U.S./Imperial - Both the input and output are in Automatically sends the results shown in the
pounds per foot, pounds, and feet sag and tension calculation output screen to the
• U.S./Imperial to Metric/kN - U.S./Imperial input default printer specified in the Print Setup section
and Metric/kN output in Newtons per meter, of this manual.
Kilonewtons, and meters
• Metric/kN - Both input and output are in File
Newtons per meter, Kilonewtons, and meters Automatically sends the results shown in the
• Metric/kg - Both input and output are in sag and tension calculation output screen to a
Kilograms per meter, Kilograms, and meters specified file. The SAG10® program will prompt
you for a file name to save the output when you
run the sag and tension calculation.

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3.3.7 Creep (Time Selection) 3.3.9 Stress-Strain Curves

THIS FEATURE IS BROKEN AND WILL Typically, the SAG10 program uses the full stress
BE FIXED IN AN UPDATE. strain curves. These return the stress level at ANY
strain value as calculated using the polynomial
The SAG10® program calculates final sag and coefficients from the stress- strain charts. The
tension data assuming 10 years of conductor default for this option is Use Full Curves and
creep. Southwire recommends that you do not change
this. The Threshold Strain is now set to 0.5%.

There are times, especially when large

mechanical loadings are placed on a conductor,
particularly in longer spans, that very large strains
are encountered. The SAG10 program may have
to estimate, to the best of its ability, the stress-
strain curve in these situations to complete the
calculation. However, you should be aware that
this is occurring as it may affect the accuracy of
the results. If this occurs, a message will display
Entering a number in Creep Time at Stress (Days) on your output indicating that the calculations
lets you calculate the conductor creep that would used an extrapolated curve.
result from a longer or shorter time period. A
shorter time period may be

helpful in evaluating conductors that have been

under tension less than 10 years. A longer time
period may be helpful to see if any additional
creep may occur past 10 years. Blank or “0” will
default to 10 years.

3.3.8 Folder Path Setups

Conductor Data
Browse or specify a path to a default folder
containing conductor data.

Project Files
Browse or specify a path to a default folder
containing project file data.

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3.3.10 Send To File • Southwire Certified – This option will become

available as Southwire releases verified stress-
Overwrite strain data. Southwire has instituted a stress-
When you check this box, the data sent to a strain testing program in order to provide
specified file will overwrite the existing data. accurate data for new production Southwire
conductor for the SAG10® software.
Append to Existing File • Manufacturer Verified – This option is for
When you check this box, the data sent to a charts representing conductor types either not
specified file will be appended to the existing manufactured by Southwire or charts vetted but
data. not yet certified by Southwire. These charts have
been verified as representative of the conductor
3.3.11 Chart Type by the manufacturer specified under the chart
This drop-down lets you select a default stress- number.
strain chart type. The options are: • Custom – These charts are custom selections
• Legacy – This is historical data based on by the user. A custom chart could include any
averages of older individual stress-strain test chart from the Chart Explorer database or one
data and calculated data. Stress-strain tests added by the user. If the chart selected logically
run on these conductors were built using by the SAG10 program is changed, it becomes a
various standards. Therefore, your conductor Custom selection.
manufacturer should be consulted for stress-
strain data that is representative of your
conductor.

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 Main Menu Toolbar Controls

3.4 Tools – Chart Explorer The Chart Code should be a custom chart
The stress-strain chart database is comprised number, either 6-### or 6-####.
of legacy charts which are the culmination
of historical data based on averages of older The Ref. Temp. should be the conductor
individual stress-strain test and calculated temperature measured during stress-strain
data. Since a single stress-strain test cannot be testing.
concluded as accurate and representative
of a conductor, many of the charts are the average The Outer Area Fraction is the percent by area
of multiple tests. As new data becomes available of the outer material. The Cable Class is the
by way of testing at Southwire, new charts will be conductor type.
added to the database that will be representative
of Southwire conductor. The Chart Coefficients should be filled in using
the 4th Order Polynomials gathered from stress-
Selecting Main Menu toolbar➞Tools➞Chart strain testing. The Initial K0-K4 values should be
Explorer will open the Chart Explorer representative of the initial curve with 1-hour
screen. This screen shows a list of conductor creep, in units of psi/100. The Creep K0-K4
detail charts, sorted by chart number. values should represent the initial curve with
The chart explorer lets you quickly view any 10-year creep added, in units of psi/100. The last
available charts, including those you create. column has boxes for Elasticity and Thermal. The
Charts that are Locked cannot be edited. Elasticity is the final modulus of elasticity, in units
of psi/100. The Thermal is the thermal coefficient
Add of expansion, in units of %/°F. The Outer
The Add button allows you to create a custom Components and Core Components will need to
chart. Clicking on this button will open a blank be added for steel or composite core conductors.
Chart Details screen for you to fill in. Only the Outer Components will be needed for
homogeneous conductors.

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The Stranding Information is optional and If you select a chart in the Chart Explorer screen
will only be used for Aluminum Compression and click on the Details button, a Chart Details
calculations. See the section on Aluminum window will open.
Compression for more information.
The Copy and Paste buttons allow you to move
Delete data to and from a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet.
This will delete the currently selected chart from The Graph button will open a graph of the
the database. stress-strain chart including a creep curve. For
composite conductors, the aluminum, core, and
Details composite curves will be graphed along with the
This will open the Chart Details screen for the composite creep curve.
selected chart.

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3.5 Tools – Export PLS-CADDTM First Page

These header options will appear on the first
WIR Files (for Concurrent page of the output only.
Licenses Only) • The Date is checked by default. Uncheck it if you
do not wish the date to appear on the output.
Selecting Main Menu toolbar➞Tools➞Export • Company Name is a feature that allows you
PLS-CADD WIR Files will open the Export PLS- have your company name appear on the output.
CADD Files screen. This screen will allow you to Check the Company Name checkbox and enter
check off any conductor type for which you would your company name in the text box.
like to create a PLS-CADD file directory. Once you
have chosen all the conductor types you wish, Second Page
click Generate. The Browse for Folder screen These header options will appear on any
will appear. From there, select the directory subsequent pages of output.
you would like to store the PLS-CADD files. If • Checking Title will cause the text entered in
many conductor types are chosen for export, the the Title field of the Main Menu to appear
export process may yield a busy cursor and say on subsequent pages. Note that the Title and
“Not Responding”. This is no cause for concern. Description entered on the Main Menu always
Please allow the export to go through fully before appear on the first page.
attempting to resume computer activity. • Checking Conductor Data will cause the
description for the conductor to appear on all
Please see Section 4.3.3 on Generating a WIR file subsequent pages.
for information about creating single • Checking Date will cause the date to appear on
PLS-CADD files. all subsequent pages.
• Company Name can only be selected if it is
Note: Not all conductor types allow PLS-CADD selected in the First Page header options.
file creation.
3.6.3 Fonts
3.6 Setup Menu Selecting Main Menu toolbar➞Setup➞Fonts
opens the SAG10 Font window. Only Fixed Pitch
Fonts may be selected. The SAG10 program
3.6.1 Print Setup
requires that the Courier New font be loaded into
Selecting Main Menu toolbar➞Setup➞Print Setup
Windows. If the proper fonts are not currently
displays the standard Windows® printer setup and
installed on your computer, refer to the Windows®
selection window. Refer to the Windows User’s
Control Panel, Fonts for information on loading
Guide for details on use of Print Setup.
additional fonts.
3.6.2 Page Setup
Selecting Main Menu toolbar➞Setup➞Page
Setup opens the SAG10® Page Setup screen
where you can set page header options.

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3.7 Help Menu 3.7.2 Help➞Search for Help On …

This tab gives you direct access to the standard
Selecting Main Menu toolbar➞Help in the Microsoft index feature.
SAG10® Main Menu tool bar will open a submenu
with these options: 3.7.3 Help➞Tech Support
• Contents This menu item displays contact information for
• Search for Help On … Southwire’s SAG10 technical support.
• Tech Support
• View License 3.7.4 Help➞View License
• About SAG10 [Software] This menu item displays selected licensing
information and other information about
All of the material in this manual is available in Southwire’s SAG10 software.
SAG10 Help.
3.7.5 Help➞About SAG10 [Software]
3.7.1 Help➞Contents➞Function Tabs This menu item displays the version number and
registration number of the current
Contents SAG10 program installation.
This tab gives access to a list of SAG10 User’s
Manual topics organized in Table of 3.7.6 Help➞Maintenance Agreement
Contents order. This menu item displays the Maintenance
Agreement if you currently hold a Maintenance
Index Contract.
This tab gives access to the standard Microsoft
index feature.

Find
This tab gives access to the standard Microsoft
word or phrase search feature.

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 Conductor Selection Screen

Conductor Selection Screen

What is SAG10® Software?

Who Can Use SAG10 Software?

SAG10 Highlights

Installation Technical Support

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 Conductor Selection Screen

4 Conductor Selection Screen ACSS conductors are available in three different

strength options. When you choose an ACSS
conductor, a Strength Options panel appears,
To access the Conductor Selection screen, click with the available strength options. When you
the Select button in the Conductor Selection click on a strength option, the RBS value in the
panel of the SAG10® Main Menu screen. Data panel automatically updates.

The Conductor Selection screen has five main

components:
• The Conductor Type box, where a drop-down
4.1 Conductor Type
This drop-down menu lets you select a
menu lets you choose the type of conductor to
construction type. When you choose a general
use.
construction type, the Conductor or Messenger
• The Conductor or Messenger box, where a drop-
drop-down menu will display specific
down menu lets you select a specific conductor
conductors of that type. Southwire has updated
or support messenger.
the conductor tables to match current ASTM
• The Data panel, which shows a data summary
standards, where standards exist.
for the specific conductor you have chosen.
• The Conductor Options panel, where you can
Some data has been provided by other
select options for the specific conductor you
manufacturers, or is based on legacy values
have chosen. Not all options are available for
from the Alcoa version of the software. Data for
some conductor types.
these conductors is provided as-is, and should be
• The Sort Options menu toolbar which allows
verified as accurate for your particular conductor.
you to change the sort options for the drop-
down list for the Conductor or Messenger box.
Note
You can sort By Size or By Codeword.
Standards and manufacturing methods have
changed over the years and older conductor
In addition to these five main panels, other
designs may not exactly match the values in use
panels may appear with additionalinformation
today.
for a specific conductor type. For example,

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 Conductor Selection Screen

Custom Conductor Types 4.4 Data Panel

Any custom conductor types you build and save Once you select a specific conductor, the data
are stored in a central file that you can access for that conductor will automatically load into
by selecting the Custom type in the Conductor the conductor Data panel. You will notice there is
Selection drop-down menu. For details on extra data in SAG10 Version 4.0 when compared
creating custom conductors, refer to the Editing to previous versions. This data is crucial for
Conductor Data section, below. the application to create the PLS-CADDTM files
available for export. The Chart number specified
4.2 Conductor or Messenger in the Data panel of the screen is the stress-strain
This is where you select the specific conductor chart found by the SAG10® software using the
to use, either as a conductor or as a support logic in Appendix A: Chart Logic.
messenger for an assembly. The drop-down list
automatically opens when a Conductor Type is
selected, or you can open the drop-down at any
time by clicking on the drop-down arrow on the
right side of the box.

4.3 Chart Type

This drop-down lets you select a stress-strain
chart type. The options are:
• Legacy – This is historical data based on
averages of older individual stress-strain test
data and calculated data. Stress-strain tests
run on these conductors were built using
various standards. Therefore, your conductor
manufacturer should be consulted for stress-
strain data that is representative of your
conductor.
• Southwire Certified – This option will become
available as Southwire releases verified stress-
strain data. Southwire has instituted a stress- If this is the conductor you want, choose any
strain testing program in order to provide conductor options you need, then simply click
accurate data for new production Southwire the Accept button at the bottom of the Conductor
conductor for the SAG10® software. Selection screen to return to the Main Menu
• Manufacturer Verified – This option is for screen. There are three other buttons in the Data
charts representing conductor types either not panel that allow you to 1) view the stress-strain
manufactured by Southwire or charts vetted but chart associated with the conductor, 2) edit the
not yet certified by Southwire. These charts have conductor data and create a custom conductor, or
been verified as representative of the conductor 3) generate a PLS-CADD WIR file for the selected
by the manufacturer specified under the chart conductor (for Concurrent licenses only).
number.
• Custom – These charts are custom selections
by the user. A custom chart could include any
chart from the Chart Explorer database or one
added by the user. If the chart selected logically
by the SAG10 program is changed, it becomes a
Custom selection.

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 Conductor Selection Screen

4.4.1 View Chart As you edit the data in the Edit Conductor Info
The View Chart button in the Data panel will take screen, the Chart number will change per the logic
you to the Chart Details screen and show you in Appendix A: Chart Logic. If no chart is found
the stress-strain data assigned to the selected using the logic, the Chart field will be left blank,
conductor. A unique chart number identifies whereupon you must fill in this field. Make sure
each chart. to edit the chart number LAST, as the SAG10®
program will attempt to find a chart number as you
4.4.2 Editing Conductor Data change other data fields. You can create a custom
The Edit Data button in the Data panel opens the conductor by editing the conductor data, then
Edit Conductor Info screen, shown below, where clicking Save to Custom.
you can create a custom conductor by modifying • The Accept button will close the screen and retain
the name and characteristics of the conductor the modified values for this project file only – it
you’re working with. Conductors that conform to will not save them to the conductor database.
CSA/IEC standards may be designed by editing When re- opening the project file, this conductor
the weights, RBS, and resistances. Note that the will be available for use in calculations but will
contents of this screen will change based on the not be available in the Conductor Selection
conductor type selected. screen. A Custom conductor must be created for
this conductor to be available in the Conductor
Selection screen.
• To save your modified values as a Custom
conductor, click on the Save to Custom button.
• The Delete Custom button lets you remove
custom conductors.
• The Chart Explorer button takes you to the Chart
Explorer screen. Here you can review available
charts or create a new stress-strain chart. For more
details, refer to the Tools➞Chart Explorer section
of the Main Menu chapter.

4.4.3 Generating a WIR file (For Concurrent

Licenses Only)
The Generate WIR button exports a PLS-CADDTM
WIR file to the directory you choose. Note that all
WIR files generated by the SAG10 program are in
U.S./Imperial units, regardless of the unit selected
in the Tools➞Options menu.

4.5 Conductor Options

The Conductor Options box lets you add special
features to your conductor
selection:
• VR2® (Twisted Pair)
• Use as a Messenger
• Marker Balls
• PLP Spoiler

Conductor options that

are not available for the
selected Conductor Type will
appear in gray, as is the VR2 (Twisted Pair) option
in the example above.

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 Conductor Selection Screen

4.5.1 VR2® (Twisted Pair) Option

Any of the AAC, AAAC, ACSR, ACSR/AW, ACSR/
TW, ACSR/TW/AW, AAC British, AAAC British, or
ACSR British conductors may be modeled as a
twisted pair conductor. If you select the VR2
(Twisted Pair) option, the conductor description
will indicate use of VR2 by appending the “/VR2”
suffix to the codeword.

Hanger Ice Load Factor is a factor added

to account for ice buildup on the hangers.
Determination of the amount of ice is left to the
design engineer. The number that has traditionally
been used, based on 0.50 inches of ice buildup on
the hanger, is a value of 1.8. Southwire does not
endorse or recommend this number. For other ice
buildup thicknesses, enter your calculated value.
Since VR2 is simply two conductors twisted
together, the weights, strength, and areas of the
The SAG10® program multiplies the weight of
wire are doubled. The diameter is considered to
a cable by the quantity of cables and adds that
be 1.6366 times larger than the single conductor
to the total weight. This total weight is evenly
for wind and ice calculations. This is due to the
distributed over the span length. Radial ice
cross-section that varies along the axis of the line.
is applied as a uniform layer over each of the
When this option is selected, a VR2 Equivalent
cables, as well as the supporting messenger.
Values panel appears with the resulting data to
Wind pressure is applied over the cross-sectional
be used.
area of the cables and messenger. Radial ice will
increase all cable and messenger diameters,
4.5.2 Use as a Messenger and resulting wind areas, by twice the radial ice
This option allows you to add several non- thickness.
supporting cables to a supporting conductor or
messenger. Each of the non-supporting cables Apply the NESC K Factor
must be of equal diameter and weight. The NESC K factor can be applied in two
ways: Only to Messenger or to Each Cable and
In the Additional Weight entry, you can add Messenger. The NESC manual does not clearly
the weight of additional hardware, such as define whether the K factor should be applied
hangers, as an evenly distributed weight. Enter to the messenger only, or to each of the cables
it in lb/ft (kg/m or N/m for Metric). Do this by and the messenger, so both options have been
manually summing the total weight of additional offered to allow for your discretion.
attachments, and dividing by the total span
length.

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 Conductor Selection Screen

Design Limits Apply 4.5.3 Non-Supporting Cable,

The design limits for messenger-supported Pre-Assembled or Lashed
assemblies can be applied Before Attachment Use this calculation method for non-supporting
or After Attachment. If you want to apply the cables pre-assembled to a messenger prior to
design limits to the complete assembly, click on stringing.
the After Attachment button. This will ensure that 1. Determine basic information for the
the design conditions are met after installation of messenger, such as area, diameter, weight
cables and additional weights. This approach is (per foot, or unit of measure), RBS and chart
best used for new lines. number.
2. Determine the diameter and weight (per
You may also design messenger-supported foot, or unit of measure) of the cable(s) being
systems by applying the design limits to the supported.
messenger only. If you want to apply the design 3. In the Conductor Selection screen, select
limits to the messenger only, click on the Before a Conductor Type for the messenger, then
Attachment button. The sag and tension output a specific conductor to be used as the
will then display two calculations per span, messenger.
the first with the design limits applied to the 4. Click Edit Data in the Data panel and enter the
messenger only, the second to showing the Area of the messenger. Enter the Weight (per
effect on the total assembly. This approach allows foot, or unit of measure) of the messenger plus
cables and additional weights to be added and cables. For the Diameter, enter the assembly
analysis to be done for a line that has been up for diameter exposed to the wind. Enter the RBS
some time. Note that when Before Attachment of the messenger cable and Chart number for
is used, the NESC limits may be exceeded due the messenger.
to the added weight. In some cases, it may be 5. Click Accept or Save to Custom.
necessary to restring the line. 6. You can now use this selection for your sag
and tension calculations.
WARNING! If the cables are in direct contact, such as with
When you select the Before Attachment option, lashed cable, the actual amount of combined
pay special attention to the two calculations per ice build-up will vary depending on the
span. It is possible for the first, where the limits configuration, quantities and diameter of the
are applied to the messenger only, to meet all of attached cable(s). As a result, all calculations
the design limits, and the second, showing the assume the most conservative situation: that each
effect on the total assembly, to exceed the bare cable will be covered with a uniform layer of the
wire design limits. This method should only be radial ice specified in the loadings table. If this is
used with qualified engineering supervision. too conservative, it is up to the user to calculate
an appropriate reduction of ice, and then reduce
The Supported Cable Information options do NOT the radial ice indicated in the loadings table
apply to the following designs: accordingly.
• Any non-supporting cable in direct contact with
the messenger, such as figure-8 cable or lashed
cable.
• Any pre-assembled non-supporting cable that
is strung at the same time as the messenger,
such as figure-8 cable. Calculations for these
situations are explained below.

32 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Conductor Selection Screen

4.5.4 Marker Balls sag and tension run, serving as a break between
This option allows you to add marker balls to a the sag and tension data before and after the
conductor. Each of the marker balls must be of balls are installed. The second line indicates the
equal diameter and weight. quantity of balls, span, diameter and weight of
one ball, and the additional weight (such as total
weight of the vibration dampers) as the last item.

Design Limits Apply

The design limits for marker balls can be applied
Before Attachment or After Attachment. If you
want to apply the design limits to the complete
assembly, click on the After Attachment button.
This will ensure that the design conditions
are met after installation of marker balls and
additional weights. This approach is best used for
new lines.

You may also design systems by applying the

design limits to the conductor only. If you want
to apply the design limits to the conductor only,
click on the Before Attachment button. The sag and
The SAG10® program multiplies the Weight tension output will then display two calculations
of Ball by the quantity of balls and adds that per span, the first with the design limits applied to
to the total weight. This total weight is evenly the conductor only, the second showing the effect
distributed over the span length. Radial ice is on the total assembly. This approach allows marker
applied as a uniform layer over the balls, as well balls to be added and analysis to be done for a line
as over the conductor. Wind pressure is applied that has been up for some time. Note that when
over the cross-sectional area of the balls and Before Attachment is used, the NESC limits may
conductor. Radial ice will increase all diameters, be exceeded due to the added weight. In some
and resulting wind areas, by twice the radial ice cases, it may be necessary to restring the line.
thickness.
WARNING!
If marker balls are placed on all the spans When you select the Before Attachment
within a ruling span, and their weight is evenly option, pay special attention to the two
distributed among all spans, then the results may calculations per span. It is possible for the first,
be obtained using this method. Fill in the Data where the limits are applied to the conductor
Input for Attachment of Marker Balls prompt only, to meet all of the design limits, and the
screen, using the ruling span length, total quantity second, showing the effect on the total assembly,
of marker balls, their individual diameter and to exceed the bare wire design limits. This
weight, and any additional weight you may have. method should only be used with qualified
engineering supervision.
If the marker balls are on a single span within the
ruling span, meaning the span is not dead-ended Stringing Sag Table Output for Marker Balls
on either side, then additional calculations must If you are running a Stringing Sag Table for a
be performed to determine the sag and tension line with marker balls, the SAG10® program will
information within that span. For details, refer to generate output with the Initial data prior to
Appendices C and D in the Appendix section or at adding balls, Final data with balls attached, and
www.sag10.com/support/Documentation.htm. Final loaded data with balls attached. For more
information, refer to the Stringing Module entry
When you have selected the Marker Ball option, in the section on Output Screen toolbar controls.
the marker ball data appears in the middle of the

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 Conductor Selection Screen

4.5.5 PLP Spoiler Once the requested data is filled in, click on the
Click on the PLP Spoiler button in the Conductor Accept button at the bottom of the Conductor
Options panel if you want the calculations to Selection screen to return to the Main Menu
account for the horizontal and vertical loading screen. When you run sag and tension
created by PLP Spoilers. calculations, the output will show the added
spoilers and the conductor weight for each load
condition will include the additional loads created
by the spoilers.

Design Limits Apply

The design limits for PLP spoilers can be applied
Before Attachment or After Attachment. If you
want to apply the design limits to the complete
assembly, click on the After Attachment button.
This will ensure that the design conditions
are met after installation of PLP spoilers. This
approach is best used for new lines.

You may also design systems by applying the

The Weight/Spoiler is the weight of each spoiler design limits to the conductor only. If you want to
in the span. apply the design limits to the conductor only, click
on the Before Attachment button. The sag and
The Increase in Cond. Diameter is the tension output will then display two calculations
approximate % increase in the conductor per span, the first with the design limits applied
diameter due to addition of the spoilers. to the conductor only, the second showing the
effect on the total assembly. This approach allows
PLP spoilers to be added and analysis to be done
for a line that has been up for some time. Note
that when Before Attachment is used, the NESC
limits may be exceeded due to the added weight.
In some cases, it may be necessary to restring
the line.

WARNING!
When you select the Before Attachment option,
pay special attention to the two calculations per
span. It is possible for the first, where the limits
are applied to the conductor only, to meet all of
the design limits, and the second, showing the
effect on the total assembly, to exceed the bare
wire design limits. This method should only be
used with qualified engineering supervision.

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 Conductor Selection Screen

4.5.6 ADSS Cable 4.5.8 AAAC Conductor

The SAG10® Conductor Selection panel of the The SAG10 Conductor Selection list includes
Main Menu includes a selection for ADSS (All the AAAC (All-Aluminum Alloy Conductor) type.
Dielectric Self Supporting) cable. This feature was The standard conductor tables supplied are for
written specifically for cable manufactured by AAAC made from 6201- T81 aluminum alloy. There
AFL Global. As such, it requires data that is not are other alloy types that have been, and are
typically supplied by other cable manufacturers. currently, being used, most notably 5005 alloy.
There are no standard conductor designs However, 6201-T81 is the only aluminum alloy
available for this conductor type. Contact recognized by ASTM for AAAC at this time.
your ADSS cable manufacturer to obtain the
information you need for this feature. 4.5.9 ACSR/TW Codewords
Previous versions of the software identify
In order to perform ADSS calculations, first diameter equivalent trap-wire constructions using
choose ADSS from the Conductor Type panel. The a TWD suffix rather than the correct codeword.
Data panel will load with no values, so click on The codewords for the diameter equivalent ACSR/
the Edit Data button if it does not pop up itself, TW conductors have been updated to the new
and type in the proper values requested on the Aluminum Association codewords, where they
screen. These values may be obtained from your exist.
ADSS cable manufacturer for your particular
cable. Currently, the ability to store custom ADSS 4.6 Sort Options
cable designs is not available. Once a conductor type has been selected, you
can change the sort order for the selections in
The MRCL stands for Maximum Rated Conductor the Conductor or Messenger box drop-down
Limit and RBS stands for Rated Breaking menu from the Sort menu selection on the screen
Strength, which is the same as Rated Tensile toolbar.
Strength. It is important that both MRCL and RBS • By Size will cause the SAG10 program to
values be accurate in order to allow stringing the arrange the conductor choices by size, from
cable to the proper design tensions. smallest to largest.
• By Codeword will cause the SAG10 program to
The SAG10 program obtains the allowed arrange the conductor choices alphabetically
percentage of RBS by dividing the MRCL by the based on the codeword, or the concatenated
RBS. This percentage is often 50%, but may range description for products without codewords.
from 45% to 63+%, depending on the particular
cable. The allowable percentage is increasing as
new designs are developed.

NOTE: For the breakdown of the sag and tension

calculations for an ADSS conductor, refer to the
paper titled, “ADSS Sag & Tension”.

4.5.7 OPGW Cable

The SAG10 Conductor Selection list includes the
OPGW (OPtical Ground Wire) type. The standard
OPGW constructions listed are provided, as
is, courtesy of Alcoa Fujikura Ltd. (AFL). For
information and values for OPGW, contact your
OPGW manufacturer.

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 Edit Loading Table Screen

Edit Loading Table Screen

Load Table Fields

Load Selections

Add Gallop Load

Add Creep Load

Extra Heavy Loads

Use of the Common Point

Printing the Load Table

36 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Edit Loading Table Screen

5 Edit Loading Table Screen The figure below shows a load table with NESC
(Unloaded Limits) Medium values selected. You
In the Load Selection panel of the Main Menu can make up to a total of 50 additional entries.
screen, you can choose from a list of industry- Once you click Accept Loadings, the SAG10®
standard loading configurations. You should program will automatically sort your entries
always check these values to be sure they are based on conductor temperature. Thus, you can
still valid, as standards can change. just add them to the bottom of the table.

If you are using the standard table values, all You can create custom loading tables with the
you have to do is click on a selection in the Save As button. Once created, custom load files
Load Selection panel on the Main Menu screen. can be selected on the Main Menu screen by
However, if you would like to view or modify the checking the Use Existing Load Table box. This
Load Table, click on the Edit Load Table button lets you create a standard load table with the
in the Load Selection panel. The Edit Loading temperatures you need and select it, without
Table screen will appear and, if you have selected having to return to this screen each time you
one of the standard loadings, will pre-load want to use those loading conditions.
those values into the loading table. If you have
selected Custom Load Table on the Main Menu
screen, a blank table will preload with a single
row, 60.0°F, and Creep in the Usage column
for a creep check. Table units and headings are
based on your selection of Units in the Main
Menu➞Tools➞Options screen.

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 Edit Loading Table Screen

5.1 Load Table Fields 5.2 Load Selections

The Load Table fields (columns) are: You can quickly load a standard table using
• Conductor Temperature (°F or °C) the loadings listed in the Load Selection panel.
• Radial thickness of ice (inches or mm). The Selecting from this list will cause any values
default ice density is 57.0 lb/ft3 for glazed ice, currently in the load table to be deleted, and the
per the NESC. Entering a negative value will new values loaded.
cause the calculations to use the ice density for
rime ice (or wet snow). The default density for It is left to you to determine if these values are
rime ice is 37.0 lb/ft3. Both the glazed and rime appropriate and sufficient for the conductor
ice densities can be modified in the Ice Density selected and the operating conditions. For
panel on the Edit Loading Table screen. The Ice example, these limits and loads may
Density panel has input boxes, Save to Defaults
buttons for permanent use of edited densities, need to be modified for all-aluminum conductors
and a Restore Defaults button. to prevent vibration, or loading conditions may
• Horizontal wind load (lb/ft2, kg/m2, or N/m2). be modified for operating conditions such as
Negative wind values are used as total weight extreme ice and wind loads.
per unit length. Negative wind values should
not be used when the Marker Balls or Use
as a Messenger options are selected on the
Conductor Selection screen.
• Limit (lb, kg, kN, ft, m, or %RBS). If a negative
value is entered, the calculations will use the
number as a sag limit. Unlike previous versions
of the SAG10® program, if the limit is in %RBS,
the number should be input in percentage form,
not decimal form; e.g. for 33.3 %RBS, you would
enter 33.3 instead of 0.333. For Metric input,
enter this AFTER you switch the Type because
the value converts based on the Type.
• Type (lb, kg, kN, ft, m, %RBS). The field specifies
the unit for the Limit used.
• Usage indicates when a condition or limit is to
be applied. Options are:
Initial = Initial Tension or Sag Limit
Final = Final Tension or Sag Limit
ET = Elevated Temperature Point
Creep = 10-Year Creep Check
CP = Common Point Load
Final/NL = Final without External Loading
Tension or Sag Limit

NOTE
The bare weights in the outputs are from the
conductor database or a customconductor you
create. Loaded weights are calculated by adding
the bare weight plus the effect of the wind and
ice as defined in the load table.

38 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Edit Loading Table Screen

5.2.1 NESC
The 2017 NESC (National Electric Safety Code) Light, Medium, and Heavy loadings for overhead
conductors are shown in the tables below. Tension limits indicate the maximum tensions allowed by
the NESC. The 2017 revision to the NESC removed the unloaded tension limits if one of the following
vibration mitigation methods is used: vibration control devices, stress-reduction devices, self-damping
conductors, or vibration-resistant conductors. You should verify these tables, as they may change as
the NESC code is revised.

You should be familiar with the NESC standard, as there are exceptions and cases where it may be
inappropriate to apply these limits.

Note that AFL recommends that NESC Limits be reduced to 50.0% for ADSS cables.

5.2.2 NESC (Unloaded Limits)

Where none of the aforementioned vibration mitigation methods are used, the 2017 NESC requires
application of unloaded tension limits of 35% RBS initial and 25% RBS final without external loading,
at a temperature dependent on the loading district. Final tension in this application is the tension
that exists after long-term (10-year or normal) creep and prior to ice and wind loading. The SAG10®
database includes alternative loading tables for these designs, as shown below:

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 Edit Loading Table Screen

5.2.3 RUS 1724E-200 Table 9-3

The loading limits specified by the Rural Utilities Service (RUS) are shown in the table below. They are
more conservative than the NESC limits. If you are designing to RUS standards, they should verify
what values are correct per the latest RUS documents.

5.2.4 California
The California Heavy and Light Loadings for Overhead Conductors are shown in the tables below. If
you are designing to California standards, they should verify what values are correct per the latest
California standards documents.

5.3 Add Gallop Load

Clicking on the Add Gallop Load button in the NOTE
Load Selection panel in the Edit Loading Table The NESC, RUS and California Heavy loads
screen will insert the loads shown below into the already include the gallop load conditions.
Load Table. These are required to calculate the
Galloping Ellipses. Refer to the Gallop module section in the Sag &
Tension Data screen chapter for more information
Gallop Load
Cond.
on galloping calculations.
Ice Wind Limit Type Usage
Temp
°F in lb/ft 2 %RBS
32.0 0.50
30.0

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 Edit Loading Table Screen

5.4 Add Creep Load 5.6 Use of the Common Point

To make a standard check for creep, click on the A Common Point is used to calculate the sag and
Add Creep Load button in the Load Selection tension at an extra heavy load without affecting
panel. The SAG10® program will add a Load Table the final sag-tension calculations. This can allow
entry of: engineers to forecast a 1% (once per one hundred
years) load without the final sags and tensions
Creep Load
Cond. taking into account the non-recoverable strain
Ice Wind Limit Type Usage from that load, which could potentially create
Temp
°F in lb/ft 2 %RBS larger sags.
60.0 Creep
A Common Point may be used at any loading
Any row with Creep in the Usage column will condition by specifying CP in the Usage column
allow the program to check for creep. If all such of the Edit Loading Table screen. If a Common
entries are removed, creep will not be checked, Point needs to be added, but the condition
and incorrect data may result. In such a case, the already has the Usage column filled, another line
output will also read Creep is NOT CONSIDERED. may be added with the same loading conditions.

If the final sag is controlled by creep, the output Placing a Common Point at a specific loading
will read Creep governs the final sag. If the final condition forces the final sag and tension
sag is controlled by the ice and wind from one calculations to consider ONLY non-recoverable
of the load cases, the output will read Loading strain from two conditions: the Common Point
conditions govern the final sag. load and creep. That means the non-recoverable
strain from all other mechanical loads will be
5.5 Extra Heavy Loads ignored, regardless of whether the load is greater
Extra heavy loads, or loads greater than the NESC or lesser. The non- recoverable strain at the
load, are oftentimes needed for consideration in Common Point loading condition will govern the
sag-tension calculations. For instance, a utility final sags and tensions unless creep yields more
may want to use a more accurate load than the strain.
NESC load, or maybe a 1% (once per hundred
years) load needs to be considered. Whatever the If the calculation uses ACSS conductor, the
case, these extra heavy loads need to be properly Common Point condition will always govern
considered. When you add an extra heavy load, because ACSS is assumed not to creep.
you want to make sure the structure limits are
not exceeded. You will need to add a tension limit 5.7 Printing the Load Table
similar to the one below. Saved Loading Table files with a .LOD extension
can be opened with a word processor, such as
Extra Heavy Load
Microsoft WordPad or Microsoft Word. Highlight
Cond.
Temp
Ice Wind Limit Type Usage the text and select a fixed pitch font such as
°F in lb/ft 2 %RBS Courier New. If you want the table headings, you
0.0 15,000 lb Initial will have to type them in manually. When you
have chosen your font and headings, print from
The extra heavy load tension limit will be the the word processor.
Design Condition unless one of the standard
tension limits is reached first.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

Sag & Tension Data Screen

Data Screen

Creep Messages in the Data Screen

Data Screen Upper Toolbar Controls

Data Screen Lower Toolbar Controls

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

6 Sag & Tension Data Screen Refer to the SAG10 Main Menu screen
toolbar➞Page Setup menu selection for options
such as adding your Company name and date to
NOTE the page header.
The toolbar in the SAG10® Sag & Tension Data
screen offers many important project calculation 6.2 Creep Messages in the Data Screen
choices. For details, refer to the Data Screen
toolbar controls section below. 6.2.1 Extrapolated Curve Message
If your output indicates that the SAG10 program
has had to extrapolate a stress-strain curve
6.1 Data Screen beyond the point where it may be valid, this
When you run sag and tension calculations, message will appear. This may happen anytime
either from the Calculate Sag & Tension button large mechanical loadings are placed on a
on the Main Menu screen, or from the Main conductor, particularly in longer
Menu toolbar➞Run menu, the SAG10 program spans, and very large strains are encountered.
generates a Sag & Tension Data screen to display The SAG10 program estimates the stress-
the output. You can use the scroll bars to view strain curve in these situations to the best of its
data that extends off the screen. ability and completes the calculation. However,
you should be aware that this is occurring as it
If you selected the Pause between Spans option, may affect the accuracy of your results.
either in the Ruling Spans panel of the Main
Menu screen, or in the Main Menu toolbar➞Run 6.2.2 Creep Messages and Critical Tension
menu, the toolbar at the top of the Sag & Tension • If your output indicates that Normal creep
Data screen will contain the Next Span option. determines the final sag, it means that final
Clicking on Next Span will allow the SAG10 sag and tension are controlled by the non-
program to calculate each span until the last span recoverable strain caused by the long-term
is displayed. creep of the conductor.
• If your output indicates that High tension
The SAG10 Main Menu screen loading determines the final sag, it means that
toolbar➞Tools➞Options➞Also Output Results to final sag and tension are controlled by the non-
panel lets you send sag and tension output to recoverable strain caused by one of the loaded
either a printer, or a file, as well as the Sag & conditions.
Tension Data screen when a calculation is run. If • If your output indicates that Creep is NOT
you select this, the output of calculations for the CONSIDERED, it means that you have bypassed
modules listed in the Sag & Tension Data screen the normal creep check by leaving out Creep in
toolbar➞Modules menu selection: Stringing, the Usage column of a temperature case in the
Offset Clip, RS Variation, Gallop and Clash are Loading Table and that the output is therefore
also sent to the printer or file. potentially incorrect. To add the creep creek, you
can click Add Creep Load in the Edit Loading
Table screen.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

For hotter climates, the normal creep check If T<Tcr, then the 10-year creep curve strain is
condition at 60.0°F may be changed to a higher less than the final modulus curve strain, and
conductor temperature, such as 70.0°F. Likewise, the Final sag and tension will be based on the
for a colder climate, the normal creep check final modulus curve. The Data Screen message
condition may be changed to a lower conductor will read: High tension loading determines the
temperature, such as 50.0°F. The 10-year creep final sag.
load will be applied at the highest conductor
temperature in the loading table with a no load, 6.2.3 Loading Limits Table
no tension limit and Creep in the Usage column. The limits defined in the loading table will
The critical tension (Tcr) is the tension be reported in the output. Limits can include
corresponding to the intersection between final tension (directly or in %RBS) or sag. The table
modulus curve and 10-year creep curve in the will also include any conditions you set such as:
conductor stress-strain chart. ET (Elevated Temperature Point), Creep, or CP
(Common Point Load). This table can allow you
If T>Tcr, then the 10-year creep curve strain is to accurately recalculate sag-tension using only
greater than the final modulus curve strain, and this report.
the final sag and tension will be based on the 10-
year creep curve. The Data Screen message will
read: Normal creep determines the final sag.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

6.3 Data Screen Upper Toolbar Controls

6.3.1 Action

Export to Printer
This menu item displays the standard Windows®
printer setup and selection window.

Export to File
This menu item saves the report file to a location
you specify.

Set Up Fonts
This menu item opens the SAG10® Font window.
For details, refer to the Main Menu screen Catenary Curve Parameter Window Controls
toolbar➞Setup menu section. • Sag Curve settings for Initial or Final sag
• Curve Type settings for Catenary or Parabolic
Explore Folder curve.
This menu item lets you browse for a file or folder • Adjustable Horizontal and Vertical scales
location you specify. • You can specify a Ground Clearance for the
sag curve. If you enter a value of 0, no ground
Exit to Main Screen clearance will be shown with the sag curve
This menu item closes the Sag and Tension Data • Set a Left Offset for the sag curve to allow
screen and returns you to the SAG10 better viewing of flatter sag curves.
Main Menu screen. • Checking the Show Gridlines box will put
gridlines on the screen, printed and DXF output.
This may aid in alignment of the sag curves
6.3.2 Edit
with your own grid system.
• You can specify a custom Span Length for the
Cut, Copy, Paste to Clipboard
DXF output.
These menu items implement the standard
• The View Graph button opens the Catenary
Microsoft Word commands.
Curve screen. You can print or plot the image
directly, or transfer it to a graphics program for
Edit with Wordpad
further editing. Toolbar options in the Catenary
This menu item opens Microsoft Word and loads
Curve screen toolbar:
the output report for editing.
o Save as BMP file saves the curve to a .BMP
file.
6.3.3 View o Print/Plot will send the curve to the default
printer or plotting device.
Sag Curves o Page Setup allows you select print
This menu item opens the Catenary Curve options such as portrait or landscape print
Parameters window. orientation in a standard Microsoft Word
printer setup window.
This window lets you set parameters for the sag o Return takes you back to the Catenary Curve
curve display. Parameter screen.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

• The DXF File button saves the sag file as a .DXF Stringing Spans
file in a location you specify. A DXF file can be You can enter multiple spans within the ruling
imported into most CAD programs. Typical uses span, or select up to 40 individual spans. The
would be to generate a sag template overlaid number of spans times the number of conductor
with other conductors, or to import the sag temperatures may not exceed a total of 1880.
curve into a drawing containing some ground
profile for structure spotting. Calculate Ruling Span from Span List
You can also retrieve a span list from a .spn file
• The Cancel button closes the Catenary Curve created and saved in the Ruling Span Calculation
Parameters screen and returns you to the Sag screen (Refer to the Main Menu toolbar➞Run
& Tension Data screen. menu section). If this box is checked, the SAG10®
program will calculate a ruling span for the list of
6.3.4 Stringing Module spans used.
The Stringing Module may be used to make
calculations for pulling conductor up to sagging Stringing Temperatures
tension during installation. The calculation results The stringing temperatures should be chosen
are the sags for the individual spans in a tension as all the possible conductor temperatures on
section. Selecting this option from the Sag & the day of sagging. The appropriate stringing
Tension Data screen toolbar Modules list will temperature may be found using a conductor
open the Stringing Temperatures screen. thermometer on the day of sagging. You can enter
up to 30 stringing temperatures. The stringing
temperatures you enter are independent of the
conductor temperatures you selected for the
normal sag and tension calculation.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

The stringing temperatures you enter will be Units

retained for the entire SAG10® session, and are • The default stringing sag output is ft-in for
saved with the project file. U.S./Imperial Units. ft-in allows the output to
be shown in feet and inches. Inches shows the
Condition output in inches only.
Selecting the Initial condition will calculate initial • The setting will default to Decimal for Metric
sags, and selecting Final will calculate the final Units. Decimal units are feet for U.S./Imperial
sags. Final W/Load calculates the final loaded and meters for Metric.
sags. • 3rd and 5th Return Wave will generate stringing
sag output as the time in seconds for sagging
If you have chosen Marker balls or Use as a done by stopwatch.
Messenger in the Conductor Selection screen For a more concentrated look at the formulas
(For more details, refer to the Conductor and methods used for stringing calculations, go
Selection Screen chapter.), Initial will calculate to http://www.southwire.com/transmission/OCM.
without balls or cables, and Final will calculate htm to obtain a copy of the
with balls or cables attached. This will let you Southwire Overhead Conductor Manual.
string the bare wire before attaching balls
and cables, and then check the final sag after 6.3.5 Offset Clip Module
attachment. When conductor is strung on steep hillsides
it will “run downhill”. As a result, the lower
If you are stringing pre-assembled aerial cable, spans will have more than chart sag and the
enter the data without balls or cables. The upper spans will have less than chart sag. This
Stringing Sag Table will be output as Initial Sag difference between chart sag and sag in sheaves
with the attached cable load. (For more details, can be computed and is given below as “sag
refer to the Conductor Selection Screen chapter.) correction”.This sag correction is to be added (+)
or subtracted (-) from chart sag to obtain the “sag
Final W/Load will calculate with balls attached. in sheaves”.
This selection will generate stringing sag tables
using all of the temperatures with ice or wind Using the “sag correction” to obtain the “sag in
loading. sheaves”, the conductor is strung between dead-
ends or snubbing stations. The correct length of
Horizontal tensions are, by definition, the same in conductor exists between the two end points but
all spans within a ruling span section. The SAG10 not in each individual span. The “clipping offset”
program calculates and stores the horizontal given below is the length of conductor that must
tension for each conductor temperature needed be pulled from each span into an adjacent span in
in constructing a stringing chart. Stringing sag order to havethe correct length at chart sag in all
tables are not available when running elevated spans.
temperature creep.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

All offsets are measured from the intersection of the conductor and a vertical line through the point of
attachment of the insulator string in its final position. If the structure is leaning, the vertical line must
be projected from the base of the structure. All offsets must be measured before any “clipping in”.
When the conductor is in suspension clamps, all insulator strings will swing plumb. Positive offsets
(+) are measured in the direction of the first structure, thus the conductor moves ahead on line.
Conversely, negative offsets (-) are measured in a direction away from the first structure in the
sagging section.

The SAG10® offset clipping program uses techniques presented in AIEE Paper 59-900, “Sag-Tension
Computations and Field Measurements of Bonneville Power Administration” by Paul F. Winkelman.

Required Data
You will need to know the following factors: ruling span, horizontal stringing tension, stringing
temperature, maximum design tension, loading-ice, wind, conductor temperature, bare weight,
area and modulus. Many of these factors are already part of the SAG10 program.

The program asks for elevation, station and structure number. You must also know the direction of
pull. The printout produces positive or negative insulator offsets and sag corrections by structure
number.

Create a File
You will need to create a file in a text editor that has ASCII output. Set the file extension to .CLP. In
the file, each structure will have its own line with the following information, in this order, separated
by commas:
• Elevation
• Station back
• Station ahead (Set to 0 if there is no equation station.)
• Structure identification, enclosed in single quote marks

A sample file called SAMPLE.CLP appears below. The example shows the pull fromStructure 1-1 to
1-12. Structure 1-6 is a sample of an equation station.

Sample Clipping Data File (sample.clp)

Offset Clipping Run Procedure

1. Create a .clp file as described above.
2. Create and execute a sag and tension run for the ruling span in which the offset clipping will
be used.
3. In the Sag and Tension Data screen toolbar, select Modules➞Offset Clipping.
4. A standard Open File window will appear. Select the file you created in step #1.
5. When you click on Open in the Open File window, the Offset Clipping screen will appear.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

temperature deviates from the stringing

temperature, and the further a span length varies
from the ruling span, the greater the variation in
sag and tension.

These variations are normally small enough to fall

within the safety margin allowed in line design.
However, at elevated or cold temperatures and
with large span variations, these variations may
be large enough that they should be considered
during line design. This section allows you to
become aware that certain spans may have more
The most recently calculated Ruling Span is sag and other spans may have more tension than
displayed as the first input. If you choose that was calculated by the ruling span sag and tension
Ruling Span and a stringing temperature from data – and to quantify those differences.
the most recent Sag and Tension run, then the
correct Horizontal Tension will be offered as the Calculations are Limited to Suspension Insulators
third input. These calculations apply only for suspension
6. Click on the OK button. The Offsets will appear insulator systems, where the insulators are free
on the Sag & Tension Data screen. to swing, limited only by gravity. Fixed insulators,
such as post insulators, would have less change
6.3.6 Ruling Span Variation Module in sag and tension and are not calculated here.
This module calculates the variation in sags and Calculating the exact stiffness of the support
tensions when spans of differing lengths see structure would be required, numbers that would
large temperature excursions. be difficult to obtain.

Running Ruling Span Variations

To use this module:
1. Select Modules➞RS Variation in the Sag &
Tension Data screen toolbar. A standard Open
File window will open. Select either a .SPN file
created in Ruling Span Calculations screen or a
.CLP file from clipping offset calculations. When
you click on Open in the Open File window,
the Variations in Ruling Span Data screen will
appear.
2. Select the correct stringing temperature from
the Stringing Temp drop-down menu.
3. Select the conductor temperature to compare
with in the Temp/Load to Compare drop-down
menu. You can view the extreme variations
by selecting an elevated temperature, a cold
temperature, or an ice load condition for
comparison.
Causes of Sag and Tension Variations 4. Set the comparison condition by clicking
Between dead-end structures, there are typically on Initial (for cold temperature or ice load
a variety of different span lengths. The ruling span comparison) or on Final (for elevated
is a mathematical number that represents a best temperature comparison).
approximation of the average characteristics that 5. Enter the length and weight of the entire string
will occur within each of those spans. At initial of suspension insulators.
stringing temperature, the horizontal tension 6. Click on the OK button, and the Variations in
is the same for all of the spans, assuming the Ruling Span calculations will appear on the Sag
conductor is pulled in evenly across the various & Tension Data Screen.
spans. However, the further the conductor
Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual 49
 Sag & Tension Data Screen

6.3.7 Gallop Module The elliptical path of a conductor galloping in a

single loop has been studied by A. E. Davison,
The SAG10® program will calculate galloping formerly of the Hydroelectric Power Commission
by three methods, the two common methods of Ontario. Davison’s diagram shown in the figure
of Davison and Toye, and calculations by C.B. below indicates that the elliptical path has a
Rawlins, based upon his IEEE paper. major axis inclined to the vertical at a slight angle,
and that the entire elliptical path is displaced
Conductor Galloping Phenomenon leeward of the point of conductor support. This
Galloping has been a problem to operators of path of a conductor galloping in a single loop is
overhead lines for decades. Its occurrence defined by the equations under the diagram.
is largely limited to areas subject to icing of
conductors at times when the wind is mainly
crosswise to the line; more specifically, it is
limited to periods of freezing rain when the
temperature is about 30.0°F. On double circuit
lines, it has occasionally been noted that the
conductors on the leeward side galloped
violently, while those on the windward side were
calm. A few observations have been reported
of galloping that occurred on bare (free-of-ice)
conductors.

The hazards presented by galloping conductors

are: contact between phases, contact between
phase conductors and ground wires, possible
mechanical damage at supports, and damage
to supporting structures. Mechanical damage at
supports is due to the violent gyrations of the
conductors. Conductor damage can occur at
supports due to contact with suspension clamps.
Conductor damage or trip-outs can occur from
contact between phases or with ground wires.

During galloping, the conductors oscillate almost

vertically in one or two loops per span. The path
of the conductor at its antinode is usually an
ellipse whose major axis is tipped at a small The elliptical paths and a diagram of the
angle to the vertical. In the case of single loops, clearances for conductors galloping in two loops
studies indicate that the major axis can be per span have been developed by L. W. Toye, of
somewhat larger than the sag in the span under the Public Service Electric and Gas Company of
loaded conditions, and the minor axis can be up New Jersey. The equations showing parameters
to about 40% of this value. It has been noted that of the clearance diagrams for the galloping
single-loop galloping rarely occurs in spans over conductors of such spans are given in the right-
600 to 700 ft. This is fortunate, since it would be hand column of the figure above.
impractical to provide clearances large enough
in long spans to prevent the possibility of contact Since actual galloping of conductors on
between phases. transmission lines occurs so infrequently and
usually under bad weather conditions, field
Observations indicate that in longer spans, observations are scarce, even though the
galloping usually takes place with two loops per phenomenon has been known for a long time.
span, with the maximum motion of the conductor Personal observations have been recorded
taking place at the quarter points of the span.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

occasionally, and motion pictures have been Running Gallop Calculations

obtained, but these have not been particularly Select Modules➞Gallop in the Sag and Tension
helpful in the physical study of the prevention Data screen toolbar and the Galloping Data Entry
or cure of galloping. screen will open.

Many attempts have been made to apply The Galloping Data Entry screen displays
simulated ice buildups so that normal winds current conductor information, applicable sag
might produce consistent galloping effects and and tension calculation results, and prompts for
the system could be studied at will, but here, additional information.
too, results have been limited.
Horizontal Span: The displayed value defaults to
Stockbridge dampers, known for their ability the current ruling span. This may be made larger
to control the frequencies encountered with or smaller, to match specific span lengths within
Aeolian vibration, are not considered helpful in the ruling span.
controlling galloping conductors; the dampers
may, in fact, be damaged by the galloping. Other Suspension Insulator Length: If this value is
methods - most of them requiring expensive greater than zero, the Rawlins calculations will
or impractical devices - have been tried or create a Ymax (peak to peak amplitude) result for
described, but no effective means of prevention suspension structures, and an insulator length
is as yet available will be shown in the graphical display.

Add Gallop Loads Structure Spring Constant: This value is used

Before you can do galloping calculations, you in calculating the Ymax value in the Rawlins
must have gallop load entries in your load file: calculations. The value will vary from the sample
• One line showing 30°F., no ice, no wind entry of 21900 and should be determined
• One line showing 32°F, 0.50” ice, no wind specifically for your structures. For more details,
refer to “Analysis of Conductor Galloping Field
Clicking on the Add Gallop Load button in the Observations – Single Conductors” by C. B.
Load Selection panel of the Edit Load Table Rawlins. The Davison and Toye formulas give
screen will add these entries to the load table ellipse dimensions recommended for use in
automatically. design, based on observations available at the
time they were published. These dimensions have
been widely applied in designing clearances for
galloping. A more recent, larger collection of field
observations provides the basis for the Ymax
values.

Designers are cautioned that a wide variety of

ellipse orientations and eccentricities occur in
practice. Refer to Fig. 4-6 of EPRI’s Transmission
Line Reference Book, “Wind Induced Conductor
Motion” for information on the ranges of variation.

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

To display a graphical layout of the galloping

ellipses, you will need to enter two- dimensional
Cartesian coordinates for conductor attachment
points. Click on the arrow to the right of the
Qty of Locations box to select a display of 1
to 4 conductors. An equal number of pairs of
attachment point boxes will be displayed, (X1,Y1)
thru (X4,Y4).

The attachment point furthest to the left and

highest in elevation should be considered the
baseline value of (0, 0). The other attachments are
then measured from this point. This is to ensure
the display is viewable. For optimal scaling, use
the Print Scale feature.

An example of properly selecting attachment

When you click on the OK button in the Galloping locations is shown below.
Data Entry screen, the Analysis of Conductor
Galloping screen opens. This window shows the
results of the Davison, Toye and Rawlins galloping
calculations.

If suspension insulator length prompted for in

the Galloping Data Entry screen is set to zero,
the Rawlins results for suspension insulators will
show N/A. If M` has a value, but Ymax indicates
N/A, it means that the value for Ymax is outside
of the range of test data available in the galloping
study in Rawlins IEEE paper. No input is required
for this screen.

If you click on the OK button in the Analysis of

Conductor Galloping screen, the Graphic Display
of Galloping screen will open. Above is a plot of the following attachment
locations: (0,0) (5,-15) (0,-30).

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

If there is no attachment point that meets the

criteria of being in the upper left-hand corner,
then a layout similar to that shown below should
be used.

In the example shown above, the first structure is

horizontal suspension and the second is a vertical
dead-end structure. The resulting graphic output
is equivalent to two structures with attachment
points that are an average of the X and Y
Above is a plot of the following attachment coordinates of the two structures, and an average
locations: (0,-15) (5,-30) (10,0). This layout is of the attachment point suspension lengths.
typical for a 3-phase system on a single pole
davit arm or post insulator. When you click on the View Graph button,
the graphic display of the galloping ellipses is
Galloping loops may be graphed as either Single created.
Loop (Davison) or Double Loop (Toye).

Clicking on the DXF File button will open a

standard Save As window where you can browse
for a location to save a DXF file that can be
imported into most CAD programs. A typical use
for this would be to overlay the Galloping Ellipses
from more than one conductor with the image of
a power line structure.

Another use would be for viewing the proximity

of ellipses between the conductor and OHGW,
or to other circuits on the same structure with
different conductor or sag characteristics. In
this case, it is necessary to run sag & tension
calculations for each conductor or OHGW
separately, and generate a separate DXF file for
each wire. Each DXF file is then imported to a
CAD program for overlay upon each other and/or
a structure drawing.

If you have two dissimilar structures, such as a

suspension tangent and a dead-end structure, or You can print or plot this image directly, or
a horizontal phase layout that rolls into a vertical transfer it to a graphics program for further
layout, and you want to determine the midspan customizing, such as adding to or removing part
galloping performance, check the Span Between of the image, setting margins, and/or rescaling
2 Dissimilar Structures box. The 2nd Structure before printing/plotting.
Attachment Points screen will be added to the
Graphic Display of Galloping screen.
Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual 53
 Sag & Tension Data Screen

Galloping Graphic Display Toolbar Controls

Print/Plot will send the graphic image to the printer or plotter selected in Print Setup.

Print Setup opens a standard printer setup and selection window. You can select the printer or plotter
you want to use here.

NOTE
When returning to the Sag & Tension Data screen, the output will continue to print in the direction
that was most recently set. Be sure to reset the print direction prior to leaving this area to whatever
direction may be required for the next print operation.

Print Scale opens a window that shows the smallest ratio that will fit on the currently selected printer/
plotter paper. A larger number creates a smaller image. Try a scale such as 80:1 for Portrait and 60:1 for
Landscape mode for the example shown.

BMP will generate a .BMP file of the graphic screen and open a browser window where you can select
a file name and a storage location.

6.3.8 Clash Module

Clash Analysis refers to the loaded and unloaded swing and static clearances between your chosen
conductor and ADSS supported on the same structure, for both initial and final state. Conductor
suspension insulator string length is taken in consideration. The steps required are:
1) Create or Open a project file for the chosen conductor with all the appropriate loads and
ruling span.
2) Save the Project.
3) In the Main Menu toolbar, select Run➞Sag & Tension.
4) In the Sag & Tension Data screen toolbar, select Modules➞Clash.
5) The Clash Analysis Parameters screen will appear indicating that your data has been recorded.
Click on the Main Menu button to return to return to the Main Menu screen to enter the ADSS
cable data.

54 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Sag & Tension Data Screen

6) In the Main Menu, click on the Conductor Selection button. Select the ADSS conductor type and
click on the Edit Data button in the Data panel. Enter the ADSS cable information and click Accept.
7) Change the Loading Limits (tension or sag) in the Load Table if appropriate but leave all loading
conditions, both unloaded and loaded, exactly the same.
8) In the Main Menu toolbar, select Run➞Sag & Tension.
9) In the Sag & Tension Data screen toolbar, select Modules➞Clash for a second time. A Clash Analysis
Parameters screen with spaces for data entry will appear.

10) Adjust the parameters shown on the screen as needed. Be sure to fill in Insulator Length if
Suspension is selected, and the Horizontal and Vertical offsets between the two cables
11) In the Clash Analysis Parameters window, click on the Report button to view the loading cases,
cable swing angles, offsets, and conductor to ADSS

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

12) Click on the Graphic button to view the Clash Diagram screen. This screen displays the Transverse
and Longitudinal clearances between the two conductors.

56 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Sag & Tension Data Screen

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 Sag & Tension Data Screen

Options available on the Clash Diagram screen 6.4 Data Screen Lower Toolbar Controls
toolbar are:
Output menu choices:
• Output, Print/Plot will send the image to the
Printer or Plotter.
• Output, Print Setup brings up the Printer Dialog
box allows the image to be rotated to Portrait or
Landscape.
• Output, Scale allows the scale to be adjusted
independently for printed output.

View menu choices:

• View, Long No Load displays a longitudinal 6.4.1 Return
view of the conductors under no load The Return button closes the Sag & Tension Data
conditions. screen and returns you to the SAG10®
• View, Long W/Load displays a longitudinal Main Menu screen.
view of the conductors with ice and wind load
conditions.
6.4.2 Print
• View, Transverse displays a transverse view of
The Print button sends the sag and tension report
the conductors under both loaded and unloaded
to the default printer.
conditions.
• View, Scale allows you to rescale the graphic
6.4.3 Save
image to an exact scale. The default is Best Fit,
The Save button opens a standard Save File
which is the largest size that will conveniently fit
window where you can choose a file name and a
on the screen. The Longitudinal and Transverse
location to save the output report file.
Views are scaled separately.

BMP file: 6.4.4 Copy

This will generate a .BMP file of the graphic The Copy button opens the default word
screen. This graphic image may then processor and copies the output report to the
be stored on disk and/or emailed or otherwise word processor screen.
shared as a permanent object.
6.4.5 Edit
Return The Edit button opens the default word processor
This option will close the Clash Diagram screen and copies the output report to the word
and return you to the Sag & Tension Data screen. processor screen for further editing.

6.4.6 Explore
The Explore button opens a browser window
where you can select a file to open.

58 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 SAG10® Licensed Program End User License Agreement

SAG10® Licensed Program End User

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(Outside of the U.S.A.) Consumer End Users Only

General Provisions

Third Party Software

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 SAG10® Licensed Program End User License Agreement

7 SAG10® Licensed Program End User License Agreement

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 SAG10® Licensed Program End User License Agreement

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license. Upon termination of this Agreement, the
Licensee must destroy all copies of the Licensed
Program. (b) NO OTHER WARRANTY. EXCEPT AS
EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THE FOREGOING
7.4 Upgrades LIMITED WARRANTY, SOUTHWIRE AND
ITS SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL OTHER
If this copy of the Licensed Program is an WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
Upgrade from an earlier version of the Licensed INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED
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installing and using the Upgrade constitutes NO ORAL OR WRITTEN INFORMATION OR
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also agrees that neither it nor its Users will (a)
continue to use any versions of the Licensed (c) (U.S.A. ONLY) SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW
Program preceding such Update nor (b) transfer THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
any such Licensed Program to another Person SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY
unless prior written consent to such transfer has TO LICENSEE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES THE
been obtained from Southwire. LICENSEE SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND THE
LICENSEE MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER LEGAL
RIGHTS THAT VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.
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7.7 Exclusive Remedy
The foregoing license gives Licensee a limited
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including all copyrights and other intellectual Licensee’s exclusive remedy under the Limited
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and international copyrights, are reserved by description of the relevant Licensed Program
Southwire and its suppliers. defect or nonconformity. Southwire will use

62 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 SAG10® Licensed Program End User License Agreement

reasonable commercial efforts to supply at Southwire’s direction, or in accordance with

Licensee with a replacement copy of the the Documentation); (b) without Southwire’s
Licensed Program that substantially conforms prior written consent, the Licensed Program
to the Documentation, or refund to Licensee or Documentation has been combined with,
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If any portion of the Licensed Program becomes abrogated any actual or alleged violation of third
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(i) promptly replace such Licensed Program
with a substantially compatible and functionally (a) NEITHER SOUTHWIRE NOR ITS OFFICERS,
equivalent non-infringing product, (ii) promptly DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES, REPRESENTATIVES,
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In the event Southwire determines, at any future THEORY OF LIABILITY ON WHICH SUCH LOSS OR
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7.8 Intellectual Property Indemnification ESSENTIAL PURPOSE.

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Software or Documentation has been altered, BY LICENSEE TO PURCHASE THE LICENSED
modified, or revised (other than by Southwire, PROGRAM.

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 SAG10® Licensed Program End User License Agreement

(c) (U.S.A. ONLY) SOME STATES DO NOT 7.12 General Provisions

ALLOW THE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF
LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL The internal laws of the State of Georgia shall
DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR govern this Agreement, without giving effect to
EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO LICENSEE such state’s principles on conflicts of laws. This
AND LICENSEE MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER LEGAL Agreement contains the complete agreement
RIGHTS THAT VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. between the parties with respect to the subject
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The Limited Warranty, Exclusive Remedies, matter. All questions concerning this Agreement
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7.11 (Outside of the USA) 7.13 Third Party Software

Consumer End Users Only
Third party trademarks, trade names, product
The limitations or exclusions of warranties and names and logos are the trademarks or registered
liability contained in this Agreement do not affect trademarks of their respective owners.
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i.e., a Person acquiring goods other than in the © Copyrighted by Southwire Company, LLC, and
course of business. its Licensors. All Rights Reserved.

64 Southwire™ I SAG10® Version 4.0.7 User’s Manual

 Appendices – Reference Materials

8 Appendices – Reference Materials

Appendix A – Error Messages

Appendix B – Determining Sag-Tension on Single Span,

Original Design Known

Appendix C – Determining Sag-Tension on Single Span,

No Original Design

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 Appendices – Reference Materials

8.1 Appendix A – Error Messages

Error Message Explanation

You have NOT Included a Creep Check Include a Creep condition in the Usage
1 in Your Load Table. The Results May Be column in the load table to allow a creep
Incorrect ! Proceed Anyway ? check.
Could not acquire license. FAILED! NO The license you have input is either expired
2
[CONCURRENT] LICENSES AVAILABLE. or has no available seats.

Could not acquire license. FAILED! INVALID The license you have input is invalid. Please
3
LICENSE HOLDER [license #]. try a different product key.

4 Cannot Open Conductor DataFile Check the path for the DATA.*files.

The DATA.*files were successfully opened,

5 Cannot Red Conductor DataFile
but unable to be read.

The conductor is not available for the

6 Conductor Not Found in DataFile
specified data type.

7 No Itype Match in Read Cond File Call tech support.

Make sure that Sag10.Pgm is in the \Sag10

8 Cannot Open Sag10.Pgm
directory.

Sag10.Pgm was successfully opened, but

9 Cannot Read Sag10.Pgm
unable to be read.

The specified chart number is not in the

10 Cannot Find Chart #
Sag10.Pgm file.

11 Can’t Open Project File (Open/Save) There was an error in opening the .PRF file.

The .PRF file was successfully opened, but

12 Cannot Read Project File
unable to be read.

13 Opnsav is NOT set to 0 or 1 Call tech support.

The other type has been changed from 13

to 15 in the latest version. The project file
14 Itype 13 in Old PRF File
should be resaved under Version 5.1 to
update.

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 Appendices – Reference Materials

Error Message Explanation

Use the Pause Between Spans option (Main

Menu), or decrease the number of spans in
15 S&T Output Buffer Full
the project file in order to view and scroll the
output. Does not affect printer or file output.

16 Cannot Open Report File Check for disk space or disk error.

At least one condition must have a tension

17 No Tension Limits
limit in the Loadings Table.

Only one Common Point is allowed in the

18 You have more than one Common Point
Loadings Table.

19 SIG1 UNDEFINED Initial tension is not defined.

20 SIG2 UNDEFINED Final tension is not defined.

The program cannot calculate both Elevated

21 Can’t do ElevTemp & Marker Balls Temp and Marker Balls options at the same
time.

22 Cannot Open .CLP File There was an error opening the .CLP file.

.CLP was successful in opening, but unable

23 Cannot Read .CLP File
to be read.

This is the Maximum Number of Values The limit has been reached for the item
24
Allowed mentioned.
The MRCL/RTS ratio may never exceed 60%
Be sure to use the proper cable
25 for ADSS. Check your Cable specifications
specifications.
before proceeding!
The Load Table tension values may NOT
Set the tension value to less than the cable
26 exceed the MRCL for ADSS Cable. Correct
MRCL.
Load Table tension before proceeding!

27 Error NOT Listed Please contact technical support.

The program may fail at any of 12 root

Root#x Failure in Phase#y, where x = 1 to 12 calculations (1-12). A typical reason for
28
and y = 1 to 12 failure is too much load or too big of a span
for the strength of the conductor.

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 Appendices – Reference Materials

8.2 Appendix B – Determining Sag- Tension on Single Span, No Original

Design
Situation: A section of line is currently in place, with no recorded data as to the ruling span, design
limits, or stringing sags. It is necessary to determine the ruling span and design limits, in order to
modify the line (such as adding marker balls, changing the supporting structure, etc.).

For this example, the following assumptions were made:

-­Conductor: 795.0 kcmil 26/7 ACSR “Drake”

-­Calculated Ruling Span: 1000.00 ft
-­Loading District: NESC Heavy
-­Measured Sag: 15.38 ft, 937.00 ft span, 60.0°F conductor temperature

Step #1
Calculate the ruling span using by inputting all the spans in the applicable tension section
into the Calculate Ruling Span tool.

Step #2
Select the conductor in the Conductor Selection screen. Verify an accurate chart is selected.

Step #3
The sag at a given conductor temperature must be determined for at least one span. This can be
accomplished by measuring the sag with survey methods, or by throwing a ding line over the wire
and using the stopwatch method (Use proper safety procedures if the line is hot).

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 Appendices – Reference Materials

Step #4
Choose the applicable load selection in the Load Selection panel on the Main Menu. In the Edit
Loading Table screen, remove all design limits except for the sag value obtained by survey, entered
into the Limit column with the distance unit as the Type. Use the temperature at time of survey and
Final in the Usage column if the line is assumed to be at final conditions.

Step #5
Initially, the ruling span value used should match the single span for which the survey data was

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 Appendices – Reference Materials

obtained.
Step #6
Go to Tools➞Options and change both the Input Tensions and Output Tensions to Horizontal (At Sag).

Step #7
Click the Calculate Sag & Tension button. In the output, note the final tension at 60.0°F.

This will be your final design limit at 60.0°F in the ruling span sag & tension calculations.

Step #8
Create a new project file using
the calculated ruling span. The
only design limit should be
the tension obtained in Step
#7. Make sure to change the
Input Tensions to Horizontal (At
Sag). When sag & tension are
calculated, review the output to
be sure that design conditions
have not been exceeded.

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 Appendices – Reference Materials

8.3 Appendix C – Determining Sag- Tension on Single Span, Original

Design Known
Situation: Sag & tension information is available for the original line, but more information is required
for a single span within that ruling span, perhaps to modify the line (such as adding marker balls,
changing the supporting structure, etc.).

For this example, the following assumptions were made:

- Conductor: 795.0 kcmil 26/7 ACSR “Drake”

­
- Ruling Span: 1000.00 ft
­
- Loading District: NESC Heavy
­
Step #1
Select the conductor in the Conductor Selection screen. Verify an accurate chart is selected.

Step #2
Enter the original design criteria into the loading table. Enter the actual ruling span for the line.

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 Appendices – Reference Materials

Step #3
Go to Tools➞Options and change the Output Tensions to Horizontal
(At Sag).

Step #4
Click the Calculate Sag & Tension button. In the output, note the initial tension at 60.0°F. This will be
your initial design limit at 60.0°F in the single span sag & tension calculations.

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 Appendices – Reference Materials

Step #5
Create a new project file using the tension obtained above as the only design condition. Make sure to
change the Input Tensions to Horizontal (At Sag).

Step #6
Use the span length for which further information is requested. For this example, 1134.00 ft will be
used. The sag & tension output will be for the specific span in question, not for the ruling span.

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