COMPUTER

APPLICATIONS
GRADE - 9
( CODE-165)
 CHAPTER- 1

COMPUTER
SYSTEM
Breaku
p of
marks
Sr. No. Unit Name Marks
1. Theory 30
2. Lab Test(30 marks)
Office Tools 15
Scratch (write one program) 15
3. Report file+ viva (10 marks)
Presentation: At least 10 slides and At 8
least 5 Scratch Programs.
Viva Voce (Based on report file) 2
4. Project(that uses most of the concepts 10
that have been learnt)( 10 marks)
5. Total 80
Concept Map
What is Computer
Computers are automatic electronic
devices that can perform complex tasks
by breaking them into simple
calculations and doing them extremely
quickly.
They have the ability to store ,
manipulate, and communicate
information.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
COMPUTER
 INPUT
UNIT
Accept data from the outside world.
Converts data into the computer understandable form
i.e Binary form.
Example of Input devices : Keyboard, Mouse ,
microphone etc.
 OUTPUT
UNIT
Produces the output in user readable form.
Example of Output Devices: Monitor ,
Printer, Speaker etc.
 MEMORY
UNIT
Memory devices are to store the data for later reference.
Smallest measuring unit of memory is : Bit (0,1)
8 bits = 1 bytes
1024 bytes = 1 kilo Bytes
1024 KB = 1 Mega Byte
1024 MB = 1 Giga Byte
1024 GB = 1 Tera Byte
1024 TB = 1 Peta Byte
 CLASSIFICATION OF
MEMORY
Broadly classified into two parts:
- > Primary Memory(Main Memory)
-> Secondary Memory
Primary memory is the memory internal to the computer. i.e the
memory generally placed on the Mother board of the computer.
Secondary memory is the memory external to the computer.
-> Generally for large storage of data
-> Generally for permanent storage of data
 PRIMARY
MEMORY
It can be further divided into two parts:
-> RAM(Random Access Memory)
-> ROM(Read Only Memory)
Difference between RAM and ROM

RAM ROM
1. Random Access Memory 1. Read Only Memory
2. Temporary Memory 2. Permanent Memory
3. Volatile Memory, i.e. 3. Non-Volatile memory ,
contents are lost when power is i.e. .Content are not erased
switched off. when the power is switched off.
4. Read and write memory 4. Read Only .
 TYPES OF
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)RAM
SRAM (Static RAM)

SRAM DRAM
1.Consist of internal flip- flops. 1. Consist of a transistor ad
capacitor that is capable of
storing an electric charge.

2.Take more space for a given 2. Take less space as compared

storage capacity. to SRAM
3. Easier to use since it has 3. Has Longer read and write
shorter read and write cycles. cycles.
SECONDARY
MEMORY
HARD DISK
DRIVE
A computer hard disk drive (HDD) is a
non-volatile memory hardware device
that controls the positioning, reading and
writing of the hard disk. It is used as the
main storage device in a computer
CD /DVD DRIVE

A CD/DVD drive, is a device that lets

you access a compact disc from a
computer. Some drives are built into
computers, but if your computer
doesn't have one, you can usually
attach an external one that connects
to a USB port.
PEN DRIVE
Pen drive is small storage device shaped
like a pen with built-in data storage that
connects to a computer . An example of
a pen drive is a pen with a
hidden USB port for saving data.
BLUE RAY
DISC
Blu-ray Disc (BD), often known simply
as Blu-ray, is a digital optical disc data
storage format. It is capable of
storing several hours of video in high-
definition . The name "Blu-ray" refers
to the blue laser used to read the
disc, which allows information to be
stored at a greater density.
 PROCESSING
UNIT
Central Processing Unit (CPU) consists of the following
features −
1.CPU is considered as the brain of the computer.
2.CPU performs all types of data processing operations.
3.It stores data, intermediate results, and instructions
(program).
4.It controls the operation of all parts of the computer.
CPU itself has following three components.
1.Memory or Storage Unit
2.Control Unit
3.ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)
Control Unit
This unit controls the operations of all parts of the computer but does
not carry out any actual data processing operations.
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Function of arithmetic section is to perform arithmetic operations like
addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Function of logic
section is to perform logic operations such as comparing, selecting,
matching, and merging of data.
 INPUT DEVICES

Input device is a piece of computer hardware

equipment used to provide data and control signals to an
information processing system such as a computer or
information appliance. Examples of input
devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital
cameras, joysticks, and microphones.
KEYBOARD
Keyboard is the most common
and very popular input device
which helps to input data to the
computer. The layout of the
keyboard is like that of
traditional typewriter, although
there are some additional keys
provided for performing
additional functions.
MOUSE

Mouse is the most popular pointing

device. It is a very famous cursor-
control device having a small palm
size box with a round ball at its base,
which senses the movement of the
mouse and sends corresponding
signals to the CPU when the mouse
buttons are pressed.
JOYSTIC
K
Joystick is also a pointing device,
which is used to move the cursor
position on a monitor screen. It
is a stick having a spherical ball
at its both lower and upper
ends. The lower spherical ball
moves in a socket. The joystick
can be moved in all four
directions.
SCANNER
Scanner is an input device, which
works more like a photocopy
machine. It is used when some
information is available on paper and
it is to be transferred to the hard
disk of the computer for further
manipulation.
 OPTICAL CHARACTER
READER
OCR scans the text optically,
character by character, converts
them into a machine readable code,
and stores the text on the system
memory.
 BAR CODE
READER
Bar Code Reader is a device used
for reading bar coded data (data
in the form of light and dark
lines). Bar coded data is
generally used in labeling goods,
numbering the books, etc. It
may be a handheld scanner or
may be embedded in a
stationary scanner.
 MAGNETIC INK CARD
READER
MICR input device is generally
used in banks as there are large
number of cheques to be
processed every day. The bank's
code number and cheque number
are printed on the cheques with a
special type of ink that contains
particles of magnetic material
that are machine readable.
 OPTICAL MARK
READER
OMR is a special type of
optical scanner used to
recognize the type of mark
made by pen or pencil. It is
used where one out of a few
alternatives is to be selected
and marked.
 OUTPUT
DEVICES
An output device is any piece of computer
hardware equipment which converts information into human-
readable form. It can be text, graphics, audio, and video.
Some of the output devices are Visual Display Units (VDU) i.e.
a Monitor, Printer, Graphic Output devices, Plotters, Speakers etc.
 MONITOR
Monitors, commonly called as Visual Display
Unit (VDU), are the main output device of a computer. It
forms images from tiny dots, called pixels that are arranged
in a rectangular form. The sharpness of the image depends
upon the number of pixels.
There are two kinds of viewing screen used for monitors.
1.Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT)
2.Flat-Panel Display
CATHODE- RAY TUBE FLAT- PANEL DISPLAY MONITOR
MONITOR
 PRINTER
Printer is an output device, which is used to print information on
paper.
There are two types of printers −
1.Impact Printers
2.Non-Impact Printers
 PLOTT
ERS
Plotters are a special type of output
device. It is suitable for applications:
1.Architectural plan of the building.
2.CAD applications like the design of
mechanical components of aircraft.
3.Many engineering applications.

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