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    Obstruction Type

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    syeda heeba
    Types of obstruction

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    Obstruction Type

    Uploaded by

    syeda heeba
    2 views12 pages
    Types of obstruction

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Types of obstruction

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views12 pages

    Obstruction Type

    Uploaded by

    syeda heeba
    Types of obstruction

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 12

    Name: Syeda Heeba

    Roll# : 19TE56

    Subject: Applied Physics

    Topic: Obstruction Type

    Presented To: Dr. Safad Afftab Abbasi


    Date: 04-2-2K21
    Fluid Measurements:
    Flow measurement is the quantification
    of bulk fluid movement. Flow can be
    measured in a variety of ways. The
    common types of flowmeters with
    industrial applications are listed below:
    •Obstruction type (differential pressure
    or variable area)
    •Inferential (turbine type)
    •Electromagnetic
    • Positive-displacement flowmeters
    • Fluid dynamic (vortex shedding)
    •Anemometer
    •Ultrasonic type
    •Mass flowmeter
    Differential Pressure Meters
    •Differential pressure meters involve the insertion of some device into a fluid-carrying pipe
    that causes an obstruction and creates a pressure difference on either side of the device.

    •Such meters are sometimes known as obstruction-type meters or flow-restriction meters.

    •When a restriction is placed in a pipe, the velocity of the fluid through the restriction
    increases and the pressure decrease.

    •Devices used to obstruct the flow include:


    ●Orifice plate
    ●Venturi tube
    ●Dall flow tube
    ●Flow nozzle
    ●Pitot static tube
    Orifice Plate:

    •Fluid Flow is measured through difference in pressure from upstream


    side to downstream side of pipe.
    Venturi Meter
    •The first large-scale ventilator to
    measure fluid flow was developed by
    Clemens Herschel, who used it to
    measure small and large flows of water
    and wastewater.
    •venturi meter restricts the flow in
    pressure sensors measure the difference
    before and during this tightness.
    •This method has been widely used to
    measure the flow rate of gas through
    pipelines.
    • Venturi meter discharge coefficients
    range from 0.93 to 0.97.
    Dall Flow Tube:
    •The Dall tube is a shortened
    version of a Venturi meter, with a
    lower pressure drop than an
    orifice plate. As with these
    flowmeters the flow rate in a Dall
    tube is determined by measuring
    the pressure drop caused by
    restriction in the conduit. Since
    these meters have significantly
    lower permanent pressure losses
    than orifice meters.
    Flow Nozzle Pitot Tube
    •Flow nozzles have a curved entry and •A Pitot tube => used to measure fluid flow
    a cylindrical throat, but no divergent velocity.
    •The flow of the tube is indicated and the
    outlet section. Therefore, the discharge
    difference b/w the stagnant pressure at the
    coefficient is similar to Venturi tube, but tip of the probe and the static pressure at it is
    the overall pressure loss is similar to measured.
    that of orifice plate. •It can be determined by measuring velocity
    at different points in the flow.
    Variable Area Flow meter
    •It consists of a tapered glass
    tube with a float that takes
    one Stable position where it
    is balanced by the force of
    the sunken weight gain
    due to the differential
    pressure across it.
    Weight = drag + utility
    Float position is a measure of
    flow rate.
    Applications

    Water Supply
    Chemical Industry Process Industry

    Ventilation System
    Oil & Gas industry
    Reference

    • I have collected the content from google &


    different website which is given below…

    • measurments & instrumentation by Alan S 3rd


    edition

    •https://images.app.goo.gl/9bBoXVCi16GUqnUw8

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