1

1 A bag contains 5 red balls, 4 blue balls and 3 green balls.

(a) Megan picks a ball at random.

Write down the probability that the ball is red or blue.

...................................................... [1]

(b) Megan replaces the ball.

She picks a ball at random, notes the colour and replaces the ball.
She repeats this 60 times.

Calculate the number of times the ball is expected to be red or blue.

...................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

2 The table shows the number of items sold to each of 60 customers in a shop.

Number of items Frequency

sold

0 3

1 6

2 12

3 8

4 14

5 10

6 3

7 4

(a) Find the range.

...................................................... [1]
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(b) Calculate the mean.

...................................................... [3]

(c) Find the probability that a customer picked at random buys more than 4 items.

...................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]

V E N N D I A G R A M

The diagram shows 11 cards.

(a) One of these cards is chosen at random.

Write down the probability that the letter on the card is not A.

................................................... [1]

(b) A card is chosen at random from these 11 cards and then replaced.
A second card is then chosen at random.

Find the probability that exactly one card has the letter N.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]
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4 The time, t minutes, taken by each of 80 people to travel to work is recorded.

The table shows information about these times.

Time
(t minutes)

Frequency 3 7 18 28 24

(a) One of these 80 people is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this person took longer than 10 minutes to travel to work.
Give your answer as a fraction in its simplest form.

................................................... [2]

(b) Two people are chosen at random from those taking 20 minutes or less to travel to work.

Calculate the probability that one of these people took 5 minutes or less and the other took more than
5 minutes.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

5 6 5
6 7

5
3 5

8
2

The diagram shows a fair 9-sided spinner.

The numbers on the spinner are 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7 and 8.
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(a) The spinner is spun once.

Write down the probability that the spinner lands on

(i) the number 8,

................................................... [1]

(ii) a number less than 7.

................................................... [1]

(b) The spinner is spun 135 times.

Work out the expected number of times the spinner lands on the number 6.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

6 Mahika records how 120 students from Year 1 and Year 2 travel to school.
Each student walks, cycles or travels by bus.

• 48 students are in Year 1.

• 77 students walk.
• 5 students in Year 2 cycle.
• 36 students travel by bus.
•
of the students who travel by bus are in Year 1.

(a) Complete the table.

Walk Cycle Bus Total

Year 1

Year 2

Total 120

[3]
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(b) One of the 120 students is chosen at random.

Work out the probability that this student does not travel by bus to school.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

7 The favourite sport of each of 135 boys is recorded in the table.

Favourite sport Frequency Pie chart sector angle

Soccer 54 144°

Hockey 45

Rugby 27

Other 9

(a) Complete the table.

[2]

(b) Complete the pie chart to show these results.

The sector for soccer has been drawn for you.

Soccer

[2]
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(c) One of these boys is picked at random.

Find the probability that soccer is his favourite sport.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

Bag A Bag B

Bag A contains 2 black marbles and 3 white marbles.

Bag B contains 5 black marbles and 8 white marbles.

(a) Write down the probability that a marble picked at random from bag A is black.

................................................... [1]

(b) Toby says,

‘You are more likely to pick a black marble at random from bag B than from bag A
because bag B has more black marbles.’

Is Toby correct?
Give a reason for your answer.

.............................. because ....................................................................................................... [2]

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(c) Toby adds some marbles to bag B.

The probability of picking a black marble at random from either bag is now the same.

Work out the smallest number of black marbles and white marbles he adds to bag B.

Black ...................................................

White ................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

9 In a class activity, all the 15 students wear hats.

7 students wear red hats, 6 students wear green hats and 2 students wear white hats.

(a) One of these students is picked at random.

Find the probability that this student wears a red hat.

................................................... [1]

(b) Two of the 15 students are picked at random.

Show that the probability that these two students wear hats of the same colour is .

[3]
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(c) Three of the 15 students are picked at random.

Find the probability that at least two of these three students wear red hats.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 8]

10 Paul has a set of 8 cards, each with a number written on it.

The numbers on the cards are 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5.
One card is taken at random.

Write down the probability that the number on the card is

(a) 1,

................................................... [1]

(b) an odd number,

................................................... [1]

(c) a prime number,

................................................... [1]

(d) a number less than 6.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

11 The heights, h metres, of the 120 boys in an athletics club are recorded.
The table shows information about the heights of the boys.
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Height
(h metres)

Frequency 7 18 30 24 27 14

(a) (i) Write down the modal class.

.............................. .............................. [1]

(ii) Calculate an estimate of the mean height.

................................................... m [4]

(b) (i) One boy is chosen at random from the club.

Find the probability that this boy has a height greater than 1.8 m.

................................................... [1]
(ii) Three boys are chosen at random from the club.

Calculate the probability that one of the boys has a height greater than 1.8 m and the other two
boys each have a height of 1.4 m or less.

................................................... [4]
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(c) (i) Use the frequency table to complete the cumulative frequency table.

Height
(h metres)
Cumulative
7 25
frequency

[2]
(ii) On the grid, draw a cumulative frequency diagram to show this information.

[3]

(d) Use your diagram to find an estimate for

(i) the median height,

................................................... m [1]

(ii) the 40th percentile.

................................................... m [2]

[Total: 18]
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12 The diagram shows a fair 8-sided spinner.

The numbers on the spinner are 3, 4, 4, 7, 7, 7, 8 and 9.

(a) The spinner is spun once.

Write down the probability that the spinner lands on

(i) the number 7,

................................................... [1]

(ii) a number greater than 2.

................................................... [1]

(b) The spinner is spun 160 times.

Work out the expected number of times the spinner lands on the number 7.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

13 Soraya makes 30 flags.

11 flags are pink, 7 are yellow, 5 are blue, 4 are silver and 3 are green.
Soraya takes a flag at random.

Find the probability that the flag she takes is

(a) pink,

................................................... [1]

(b) not blue,

................................................... [1]
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(c) red.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

14 A box contains 22 coloured pencils.

6 pencils are pink, 9 pencils are blue and 7 pencils are yellow.

A pencil is taken at random from the box.

Write down the probability that this pencil is green.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

15 80 students each record the name of their mathematics teacher.

The number of these students taught by Mr House and by Miss Patel are shown in the bar chart.

(a) How many more students are taught by Miss Patel than by Mr House?

................................................... [1]

(b) 15 students are taught by Mr Smith.

Twice as many students are taught by Mrs Brown than by Mr Jones.

Use this information to complete the bar chart.

[4]
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(c) Write down the mode.

................................................... [1]

(d) One of these students is chosen at random.

Work out the probability that this student

(i) is taught by Mr House,

................................................... [1]

(ii) is not taught by either Mr House or Miss Patel.

................................................... [2]

(e) This information is also to be shown in a pie chart.

Work out the sector angle for Miss Patel.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 11]

16 On Monday, Main Street station sells 40 tickets.

There are four types of ticket; infant, child, adult and senior.
The bar chart shows the number of infant, child and adult tickets sold.
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(a) Complete the bar chart. [3]

(b) Find how many more adult tickets were sold than child tickets.

................................................... [1]

(c) Write down the modal type of ticket.

................................................... [1]

(d) One of these 40 people is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this person is a child.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

17 (a) Kyung records the number of people in each of 24 cars on Wednesday.

His results are shown below.

1 3 6 1 2 2 4 5
3 4 1 5 3 2 4 1
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1 1 2 4 4 1 2 1

(i) Complete the frequency table.

You may use the tally column to help you.

Number in a car Tally Frequency

[2]

(ii) Write down the mode.

................................................... [1]

(iii) Work out the range.

................................................... [1]

(iv) Work out the median.

................................................... [1]

(v) Calculate the mean.

................................................... [3]

(vi) One of these cars is chosen at random.

Find the probability that the number of people in this car is 4.

................................................... [1]
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17 (b) Kyung also records the number of people in each of 24 cars on Saturday.
The table shows the results.

Number in a car 1 2 3 4 5 6

Frequency 1 2 5 13 2 1

On the grid, complete the bar chart to show these results.

[2]

(c) Write down one comparison between the frequency tables in part(a)(i) and part(b).

..........................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 12]

18 The test scores of 14 students are shown below.

21 21 23 26 25 21 22 20 21 23 23 27 24 21
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(a) Find the range, mode, median and mean of the test scores.

Range = ...................................................

Mode = ...................................................

Median = ...................................................

Mean = ................................................... [6]

(b) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student has a test score of more than 24.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

19 Sushila has a bag that contains 10 red balls and 8 blue balls.
She takes one ball at random from the bag.

Find the probability that she takes a red ball.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

20 20 students each record the mass, p grams, of their pencil case.

The table below shows the results.

Mass
(p grams)
Frequency 2 5 4 6 3
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(a) Calculate an estimate of the mean mass.

................................................... g [4]

(b) Use the frequency table above to complete the cumulative frequency table.

Mass
(p grams)
Cumulative
20
frequency

[2]

(c) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student has a pencil case with a mass greater than 150 g.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

21 The number of attempts at a driving test and the number of driving lessons for each of 17 people are shown
in the scatter diagram.
 19

(a) What type of correlation is shown in the scatter diagram?

................................................... [1]

(b) One of these people is picked at random.

Work out the probability that this person had 5 or more attempts.

................................................... [1]

(c) Draw a line of best fit on the scatter diagram. [1]

(d) Another person had 15 lessons.

Estimate their number of attempts.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]
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22 A bag contains 20 bulbs.

8 are yellow, 5 are red, 4 are white and 3 are pink.
Sam takes one bulb at random.

Find the probability that the bulb he takes is

(a) white,

................................................... [1]

(b) blue,

................................................... [1]

(c) not pink.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

23

Bag A contains 3 black balls and 2 white balls.

Bag B contains 1 black ball and 3 white balls.

A ball is taken at random from each bag.

(a) Show that a black ball is more likely to be taken from bag A than from bag B.

[1]
 21

(b) Find the probability that the two balls have different colours.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]

24 A bag contains 6 green balls, 5 red balls and 3 blue balls only.
A ball is taken from the bag at random.

Find the probability that the ball is

(a) green,

................................................... [1]

(b) green or red,

................................................... [1]

(c) yellow.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

25 The 262 students at a college each study one of the languages shown in the table.

French German Spanish Italian Japanese Total

Boys 27 48 19 123

Girls 32 54 12

Total 53 30 262
 22

(a) Complete the table. [3]

(b) Find the probability that

(i) a girl, chosen at random, studies Spanish,

................................................... [1]

(ii) a boy, chosen at random, studies French or Italian,

................................................... [1]

(iii) a student, chosen at random, does not study German.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

26 The time taken for each of 120 students to complete a cooking challenge is shown in the table.

Time (t minutes)

Frequency 44 32 28 12 4

(a) Write down the modal time interval.

.................... .................... [1]

(b) Write down the interval containing the median time.

.................... .................... [1]

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(c) Calculate an estimate of the mean time.

................................................... min [4]

(d) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student takes more than 40 minutes.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

27 Samira and Sonia each have a bag containing 20 sweets.

In each bag, there are 5 red, 6 green and 9 yellow sweets.

(a) Samira chooses one sweet at random from her bag.

Write down the probability that she chooses a yellow sweet.

................................................... [1]

(b) Sonia chooses two sweets at random, without replacement, from her bag.

(i) Show that the probability that she chooses two green sweets is .

[2]
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(ii) Calculate the probability that the sweets she chooses are not both the same colour.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 7]

28 The number of examinations that each of 196 candidates takes is recorded in the table.

Number of examinations 5 6 7 8

Number of candidates 27 42 63 64

(a) Write down the range.

................................................... [1]

(b) Find the median.

................................................... [1]
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(c) Calculate the mean.

................................................... [3]

(d) A candidate is selected at random.

Find the probability that the candidate takes fewer than 8 examinations.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 7]

29 The frequency table shows information about the time, m minutes, that each of 160 people spend in a library.

Time
(m minutes)

Frequency 3 39 43 55 11 9

(a) (i) Find the probability that one of these people, chosen at random, spends more than 100 minutes
in the library.

................................................... [1]
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(ii) Calculate an estimate of the mean time spent in the library.

................................................... min [4]

(b) Complete the cumulative frequency table below.

Time
(m minutes)

Cumulative
3 42
frequency

[2]
 27

(c) On the grid, draw the cumulative frequency diagram.

[3]

(d) Use your cumulative frequency diagram to find

(i) the median,

................................................... min [1]

(ii) the interquartile range,

................................................... min [2]

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(iii) the 90th percentile,

................................................... min [2]

(iv) the number of people who spend more than 30 minutes in the library.

................................................... min [2]

[Total: 17]

30 The table shows the number of screws of different lengths in a box of 100 screws.

Length (mm) 20 40 50 60

Number of screws 18 36 24 22

A screw is chosen at random from the box.

Find the probability that the screw has length

(a) 50 mm,

................................................... [1]

(b) less than 60 mm,

................................................... [2]

(c) 70 mm.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

31 A bag contains 5 black counters, 8 white counters, 6 green counters and 1 yellow counter.
A counter is taken from this bag at random.

Find the probability that this counter is

(a) white,

................................................... [1]
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(b) not white.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

32 A bag contains 5 black counters, 8 white counters, 6 green counters and 1 yellow counter.
A counter is taken from this bag at random.

Find the probability that this counter is

(a) white,

................................................... [1]

(b) not white.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

33 A bag contains 5 black counters, 8 white counters, 6 green counters and 1 yellow counter.
A counter is taken from this bag at random.

Find the probability that this counter is

(a) white,

................................................... [1]

(b) not white.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]
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34 Hattie has a box of coloured pens.

She takes a pen at random from the box.
The probability that she takes a red pen is 0.4 .

(a) Work out the probability that she does not take a red pen.

................................................... [1]

(b) The box contains only blue, red and green pens.
There are 15 blue pens and 15 green pens.

Complete the table.

Colour of pen Blue Red Green

Number of pens 15 15

Probability 0.4

[2]

[Total: 3]

35 Hattie has a box of coloured pens.

She takes a pen at random from the box.
The probability that she takes a red pen is 0.4 .

(a) Work out the probability that she does not take a red pen.

................................................... [1]

(b) The box contains only blue, red and green pens.
There are 15 blue pens and 15 green pens.

Complete the table.

Colour of pen Blue Red Green

Number of pens 15 15

Probability 0.4

[2]

[Total: 3]

36 Chico has a bag of sweets.

He takes a sweet from the bag at random.
The table shows the probabilities of taking each flavour of sweet.

Flavour Lemon Lime Strawberry Blackcurrant Orange

 31

Probability 0.15 0.22 0.18 0.24

(a) Complete the table. [2]

(b) Find the probability that the sweet is lemon or lime.

Answer(b) ................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

37 The probability that it will rain on any day is .

Calculate an estimate of the number of days it will rain in a month with 30 days.

Answer ................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

38 Chico has a bag of sweets.

He takes a sweet from the bag at random.
The table shows the probabilities of taking each flavour of sweet.

Flavour Lemon Lime Strawberry Blackcurrant Orange

Probability 0.15 0.22 0.18 0.24

(a) Complete the table. [2]

(b) Find the probability that the sweet is lemon or lime.

Answer(b) ................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

39 The table shows the probability that a person has blue, brown or green eyes.

Eye colour Blue Brown Green

Probability 0.4 0.5 0.1

Use the table to work out the probability that two people, chosen at random,
 32

(a) have blue eyes,

Answer(a) ................................................... [2]

(b) have different coloured eyes.

Answer(b) ................................................... [4]

[Total: 6]

40 The table shows the average monthly temperature (°C) for Fairbanks, Alaska.

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature
(°C)

(a) Find

(i) the difference between the highest and the lowest temperatures,

Answer(a)(i) .........................................°C [1]

(ii) the median.

Answer(a)(ii) .........................................°C [2]

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(b) A month is chosen at random from the table.

Find the probability that its average temperature is below zero.

Answer(b) ................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]