Chapter 2

Fractions and decimals

Exercise 2.1

Question 1.
What fraction of each of the following figure is shaded?

O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
ED PR
©

Solution :
D

(i) Fraction is =

(ii) Fraction is

(iii) Fraction is

(iv) Fraction is =
Question 2.
What fraction of an hour is 35 minutes?
Solution :
(i) 1 hour = 60 minutes?

Fraction = =

O T IS
N A D
CO N
Question 3.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Convert the following fractions into improper fractions:

(i) 2
ED PR

(ii) 5

Solution :
©

(i) Improper fraction of 2

×
=
D

(ii) Improper fraction of 5

×
=

=
Question 4.
Convert the following fractions into mixed fractions:

(i)

(ii)

Solution :
O T IS
N A D
CO N
(i) mixed fraction of
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=9
ED PR

(ii ) mixed fraction of

=7
©

Question 5 .
Fill in the missing numbers in the following equivalent fraction:

(i) =
D

(ii) =

(iii) =

Solution

(i) =
The denominator in the second fraction is 35 to get 35 from 7 , we
have to multiply 7 by 5 .

So,
×
=
×

(ii) =
O T IS
N A D
CO N
To make both fractions equal, we multiply the numerator of the first
O UC AA
T IO
PY
fractions by 5 .
The numerator it x the first fraction is 5 . to get 5 from 30 , we have to
divide 30 ÷ 6.
ED PR

To make both fractions equal, we divide denominator of the second

fraction by 6 .
©

So
30 ÷ 6 5
=
18 ÷ 6 3
5 30
=
3 18
D

(iii) =

The denominator in the second fraction is 72 and the denominator in

the first fraction is 9 .
To get 9 from 72, we have to divide 72 ÷ 8
To make both fractions equal, we divide the numerator of the second
fraction by 8.
So
56 ÷ 8 7
=
72 ÷ 8 9
7 56
=
9 72

Question 6 .
O T IS
N A D
CO N
Reduce the following fractions to their simplest form:
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(i)
ED PR

(ii)

(iii)
©

Solution :

× × ×
= ( Cancelling out the common factors)
× × × ×
D

276
113
× × ×
= ( Cancelling out the common factors )
×
=

(iii)
× × × ×
= ( cancel the common factors )
× × × × ×

O T IS
N A D
CO N
Question 7.
O UC AA
T IO
Convert the following fractions into equivalent like fractions :

PY
(i) , ,
ED PR

(ii) , .

Solution
©

2 4, 6, 8,
2 2, 3, 4,
2 1, 3, 2
3 1, 3, 1
D

1, 1, 1

L.C.M. = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 24
×
= =
×
×
= =
×
 ×
= =
×

Thus, the given fractions are equivalent to

, and respectively

(ii) , .

O T IS
First , we find L.C.M 25, 10, 40
N A D
CO N
Solution
O UC AA
T IO
PY
5 25, 40, 10
5 5, 2, 8
ED PR

2 1, 2, 8
2 1, 1, 4
©

2 1, 1, 2

L.C.M. = 5 × 5 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 200
×
= =
×
D

×
= =
×
×
= =
×

Thus, the given fractions are equivalent to

 , and respectively

Question 8.
Arrange the given fractions in descending order:

(i) , ,

(ii) , .

O T IS
Solution. N A D, , ( First we find L.C.M 3 , 9, 21 )

CO N
3 9, 3, 21
O UC AA
3 3, 1, 7, T IO
PY
7 1, 1, 7
ED PR

1, 1, 1
©

L.C.M. = 3 × 3 × 7 = 63
Now, write the given fractions as equivalent like fractions.
×
= =
×
×
D

= =
×
×
= =
×

> >

> >
(ii) , .

Solution. ( First we find L.C.M 5 , 7, 10 )

5 5, 7, 10
3 1, 7, 2
7 1, 7, 1
1, 1, 1

O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
L.C.M. = 5 × 2 × 7 = 70

PY
Now, write the given fractions as equivalent like fractions.
ED PR

×
= =
×
×
= =
×
©

×
= =
×

As 49 > 30 > 14

> >
D

> >
Question 9
Arrange the given fractions in ascending order:

(i) , , ,

(ii) , , ,

Solution.

(i) , ,
O T IS
,
N A D
CO N
First we find L.C.M 7, 8, 14, 21
O UC AA
T IO
PY
7 7, 8, 14, 21
ED PR

2 1, 8, 2, 3
2 1, 4, 1, 3
©

2 1, 2, 1, 3
3 1, 1, 1, 3
1, 1, 1, 1
D

L.C.M. = 7 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 168
Now, write the given fractions as equivalent like fractions.
×
= =
×
×
= =
×
×
= =
×
 ×
= =
×

63 < 108 < 120 <160

> > >

< < <

O T IS
(ii) , , ,
N A D
CO N
Solution.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
First we find L.C.M 18, 15, 24, and 12
ED PR

2 18, 15, 24, 12

2 9, 15, 12, 6
©

3 9, 15, 6, 3
3 3, 5, 2, 1
5 1, 5, 2, 1
2 1, 1, 2, 1
1, 1, 1, 1
D

L.C.M. = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5= 360
Now, write the given fractions as equivalent like fractions.
×
= =
×
×
= =
×
 <
=
=

<
×
×

×
×

<
<
©
=

<
<
ED PR 192 < 210 < 255 <260

D
O UC AA
N A D
O T IS
T IO
CO N
PY
 Exercise 2.2

Question 1.
Evaluate the following

(i) +

(ii) 8 - 3

(iii) + −
O T IS
N A D
CO N
Solution :
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(i) +
ED PR

= ( L.C.M 3, 8, = 24)

=
©

=2

(ii) 8 - 3

−
D

= ( L.C.M 2,8 = 8 )

=4
(iii) + −

= ( L.C.M of 12, 8, 9 = 36 )

=
O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 2
Simplify the following .
ED PR

(i) 7 - 3 +
©

(ii) 6 - 2 -5 +3

Solution :

(i) 7 - 3 +

= - +
D

(L.C.M of 4,6,and 8 = 24)

× × ×
=

=
=

=4

(ii) 6 - 2 -5 +3

= - - +

O T IS
( L.C.M of 8, 12, 10, and 25 is 600 )
× × × ×
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=

=
ED PR

=2
©

Question 3.

Jaishree studies for 5 hours daily. She devotes 2 hours of her time
for science and mathematics. How much time does she devote to
D

other subjects?
Solution :

Time given to study = 5 hours daily

Time given to science and maths = 2 hours

Time given to other subject = 5 − 2

 17 14
= −
3 5

=2

Question 4.
O T IS
N A D
CO N
Ramesh solved part of an exercise while reshma solved
O UC AA
T IO
PY
of it. Who solved the lesser part? By how much ?

Solution:
ED PR

Ramesh solved part of an exercise

©

But reshma solved of it

Difference of them = −

=
D

So, reshma does part of it less then ramesh.

Question 5.

Sonali had 35 she got 16 from her mother and spent 28

On food. How much money is left with her?

Solution:

Sonali had = 35 =

She gets 16 from her mother

O T IS
N A D
And spent 28 on food

CO N
O UC AA
T IO
Amount left with her

PY
+ 16 - 28
ED PR

= + -

= ( L.C.M of 5,15,3 = 15 )
©

= 23
D
 Exercise 2.3

Question 1.
Evaluate the following :

(i) 7 ×

(ii) 21 ×

(iii) 3 × 8
O T IS
N A D
CO N
(iv) 5 × 6
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Solution:
ED PR

(i) 7 ×

=
©

(ii) 21 ×

=
D

=4

(iii) 3 × 8

= ×8
=

= 27

(iv) 5 × 6

=5×

=
O T IS
N A D
CO N
= 33
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 2.
ED PR

(i) of 18

4
©

(ii)

(iii) 9

Solution .
D

(i) of 18

= × 18

= 12

(ii) 4
= ×

=2

Question 3.

O T IS
Evaluate the following :

×
(i)
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
×5 T IO
PY
(ii)

(iii) 2 ×5
ED PR

(iv) 3 ×7

Solution :
©

(i) ×

×5
D

(ii)

=2

(iii) 2 ×5
= ×

= 12

(iv) 3 ×7

= ×

=
O T IS
N A D
CO N
= 22
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 4.
ED PR

Find the value of:

!"# of 42
©

(ii) of 4 kg

(iii) 4 times of 5 meters.

Solution:

!"#
D

of 42

= × 42

(ii) of 4 kg

= × kg
=

= 2 kg

(iii) 4 times of 5

= ×

99
=
4
= 24
O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 5,

(i)
ED PR

(ii)
©

Solution .

(i)

= ×

=
D

And

Now in, ,
L.C.M of 14,8 = 56
3 3×4 12
= =
14 14 × 4 56
And
3 3×7 21
= =
8 8×7 56
Here,

>
O T IS
N A D
CO N
>
O UC AA
T IO
PY
of > of
ED PR

(ii)
©

= ×

=
D

And

= ×

=
 >

= >

Question 6.

If 1 meter cloth costs 31 find the cost of 5 meter cloth .

Solution :
O T IS
N A D
CO N
Price of 1 m cloth = 31 =
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Cost of 5 m cloth = ×5
ED PR

= ×

=
©

= 174

Question 7.

If the speed of a car is 105 km/h , find the distance covered by it in

D

3 hours.

Solution:

Speed of a car = 105 km/h = km /h

It will covered a distance in 3 hours

= ×3

= ×

= 378 km

O T IS
Question 8. N A D
CO N
A car runs 16km using 1 litre of petrol. How much distance will it
cover in 2 litres of petrol
O UC AA
T IO
PY
16 × 2
ED PR

= 16 × km

= 44 km
©

Question 9.

Sushant reads part of a book in 1 hour. How much part of the book
will be read in 2 hours?
D

Solution :

Sushant reads a book in 1 hour = part

He will read it in 2 hours

= ×2
= ×

= park of book

Question 10.

An ornament is made of gold and copper and weighs 52 grams. If

of its part is copper, find the weight of pure gold in it.
Solution:
O T IS
N A D
CO N
Weight of ornament = 52 grams
O UC AA
T IO
PY
In it part is copper

Weight of copper = 52 × = 8 grams

ED PR

Then weight of gold = 52 grams – 8 grams = 44grams

©

Question 11.

In a class of 40 students, of the total number of students like to study

English and of the total number of students like to study
mathematics and the remaining like to study science.
D

(i) how many students like to study English?

(ii) how many students like to study mathematics?
(iii) what fraction of the total number of students like to study
science?

Solution:
The number of students in a class = 40

(i) number of students who like English = of 40 = 8 students

(ii) number of students who like mathematics = of 40 = 16 study

(iii) remaining students = 40 – ( 8+16) = 40 -24 = 16 students

Number of students who like science = 16

Fraction of students =

O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 12.
ED PR

A rectangular sheet of paper is 12 cm long and 10 cm wide. Fine

©

(i) perimeter
(ii) area
Solution :

Length of rectangular sheet of paper = 12 cm = cm

D

and breadth = 10 =

(i) perimeter = 2 ( length + breadth )

=2% + &cm

=2% &

=2×
= cm

= 46

Area of sheet = length × breadth

= ×

= sq. Cm

= 133 sq. Cm
O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 13.

In a school, of the students are girls and the rest are boys. If the
ED PR

number of boys is 2030 , find the number of girls .

Solution :
©

In a school,

Number of girls =

Then, number of boys = 1 - =

D

Number of boys = 2030

2954 of total students = 2030

Total number of students = 2030 × = 3780

Number of girls = 3780 – 2030 = 1750

Question 14.

In an orchard, are orange grees, are mango trees and the rest and
banana trees. If the banana trees are 148 in number. Find the total
number of trees in the orchard.
Solution:
In an orchard,

O T IS
Orange trees = part
N A D
CO N
Mango trees = part
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Banana trees = rest

=1-% + &
ED PR

=1–% &

= 1-
©

Number of banana trees = 148

D

Total number of tress = 148 ×

= 260
 Exercise 2.4

Question 1.
Find the reciprocal of each of the following:

(i)

(ii)

(iii) 8
O T IS
N A D
CO N
Solution :
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Reciprocal of:

(i) is
ED PR

(ii) is
©

(iii) 8 is

Question 2.
Evaluate the following :

(i) 14 ÷
D

(ii) 5 ÷ 3

(iii) 3 ÷ 1

(iv) 2 ÷ 1
Solution:

(i) 14 ÷

= 14 ×

= 16

O T IS
N A D
CO N
(ii) 5 ÷ 3
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=5÷

=5×
ED PR

=
©

=1

(iii) 3 ÷ 1

= ÷

= ×
D

=1

(iv) 2 ÷ 1

= ÷
= ×

=2

Question 3.

O T IS
How many pieces each 5 metres long can be cut from a cloth 77
meters long?
N A D
CO N
Solution:
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Total length of cloth = 77 m
ED PR

Length of one piece = 5 m

Total number of pieces = 77 ÷ 5

©

= ÷

= ×

= 15 piece
D

Question 4.

By what number should 4 be multiplied to get 87 ?

Solution :

Product = 87 =
Multiplied number = 4

Now

4 × required number =

Required number = ÷4

= ÷

= ÷
O T IS
N A D
CO N
= 18
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 5.
ED PR

In a hostel’s mess, each student gets litre of milk every day. If the
total consumption of the milk is 57 litres per day, how many study
©

are there in the hostel?

Solution :

Every students gets of milk per day

Total consumption of milk per day = 57

D

= number of students = ÷

= × = 173students
Question 6.

The cost of 5 kg apples is 336. What is the rate of apples per kg

Solution:

Cost of 5 kg apples = 336

Cost of one kg = 336 + 5

O T IS
= 336 ÷ N A D
= 336 ×

CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= 64
ED PR

Question 7.

The length of a rectangular plot of area 68 sq.m is 12 m, find its

©

width.
Solution:
Area of a rectangular field = 6834 sq.m

= sq.m
D

Length = 12 = m

Width = area ÷ length

= ÷

= ×

= m
=5 m

Question 8.

If the cost of 5 kg of sugar is 206 , then find the cost of 8 kg or

sugar.
Solution:

O T IS
Cost of 5 kg of sugar = 206
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Cost of 1kg sugar = × =

×8
ED PR

Cost of 8 kg of sugar =

= ×
©

= 309

Question 9.
D

Renu completed part of her homework in 2 hours. How much part

her homework had she completed in 1 hours?

Solution :

In 2 hours, homework in completed =

In 1 hour it will be completed

 =
=
=

In 1
= ×
÷2

part
©
ED PR
D
O UC AA
N A D
O T IS
T IO
CO N
PY
 Exercise 2.5

Question 1.
Write the following numbers in the expanded from:
(i) 20.03
(ii) 200.03

O T IS
(iii) 2.034 N A D
CO N
Solution:
O UC AA
(i) 20.03 T IO
PY
(ii) 200.03
ED PR

(iii) 2.034
Solution:
(i) 20.03
©

= 2 × 10 + 0× 1 + 0 × +3×

(ii) 200.03

= 2 × 100 + 0 × 10 + 0 × 1 + 0 × + 3×
D

(iii) 2.034

=2×1+0× +3× +4×

Question 2.
Write the place value of digit 2 in the following decimal numbers:
(i) 2.56
(ii) 21.37
(iii) 10.25
(iv) 63.352
Solution :
(i) 2.56, place value of 2 = 2 × 1 = 2

O T IS
(ii) 21.37 , place value of 2 = 2 × 10 = 20

(iii) 10.25 , place value of 2 = 2 ×

N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(iv) 63.352, place value of 2 = 2 × =
ED PR

Question 3.
Convert the following decimal numbers to fractions ( in simplest
©

form) :
(i) 0.8
(ii) 0.225
(iii) 0.0092
(iv) 3.025
D

Solution :
(i) 0.8

=
÷
=
÷
=

(ii) 0 . 225
÷
=
÷

O T IS
(iii) 0.0092

=
N A D
CO N
÷
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=
÷

=
ED PR

(iv) 3.025
©

=
÷
=
÷

=
D

Question 4.
Convert the following decimals to mixed fraction:
(i) 5.05
(ii) 63.125
(iii) 17.075
(iv) 317.0006
Solution :
(i) 0.05

=5

=5 ( Dividing by 5 )

(ii) 63.125
O T IS
N A D
CO N
= 63
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= 63 ( Dividing by 125 )
ED PR

(iii) 17.075
©

= 17

= 17 ( Dividing by 25 )

(iv) 317.0006
D

= 317

= 317 (dividing by 2 )
Question 5.
Convert the following fractions into decimal numbers:

(i)

(ii)

(iii) 3

O T IS
(iv) 137 N A D
CO N
Solution:
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(i)
×
=
×
ED PR

= 0 .6
©

(ii)
×
=
×

=
D

= 0.875

(iii) 3 = 3.3125
16 50000 .3125
48
20
16
40
32

O T IS
80 N A D
80

CO N
×
O UC AA
T IO
PY
ED PR

(iv) 137 = 137.0208

©

625 1300 .0208

1250
5000
5000
×
D

Question 6.
Which is greater?
(i) 0.5 or 0.05
(ii) 7 or 0.7
(iii) 2.03 or 2.30
(iv) 0.8 or 0.88
Solution :
Which is greater
(i) 0.5 or 0.05

O T IS
Converting into like decimals
N A D
0.50 and 0.05

CO N
50 > 05
O UC AA
T IO
PY
0.5 > 0.05
ED PR

(ii) 7 or 0.07
Comparing integral parts
©

7>0
7 > 0.7
(iii) 2.03 or 2.30
Integral numbers are same
D

But in decimal part

03 < 30 or 30 > 03
2.30 > 2.03

(iv) 0.8 or 0.88

Converting into like decimal
0.8 = 0.80
88 > 80
0.88 > 0.8

Question 7.

O T IS
Arrange the following decimal numbers in ascending order:
N A D
(i) 38.02, 38.021, 3.802, 83.02, 38,002

CO N
(ii) 46.542, 46.452, 46.254, 46.05, 64.542, 46.0542
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Solution:
(i) 38.02, 38.021, 3.802, 83.02, 38,002
ED PR

Converting into like decimal (upto 3 decimals )

38.020, 38.021, 3.802, 83.020, 38.002
©

Now arranging in ascending order,

3.802, 38.020, 38.020, 38.021, 83.020

(ii) 46.542, 46.452, 46.254, 46.05, 64.542, 46.0542

D

Converting into like decimals (upto 4 decimals)

46.5420, 46.46.4520, 46.2540, 46.0500, 64.5420, 46.0542
Now arranging into ascending order,
46.0500, 46.0542, 46.2540, 46.5420, 46.05420, 64.5420
= 46.05, 46.0542, 46.254, 46.452, 46.542, 64.542
Question 8.
Arrange the following decimal number in descending order:
(i) 5.6, 0.93, 1.87, 1.9, 1.78, 0.39
(ii) 71.201, 20.1, 2.01, 3.1, 2.14, 0.652
Solution :
(i) 5.6, 0.93, 1.87, 1.9, 1.78, 0.39

O T IS
Converting into like decimals (up two place )
N A D
5.60, 0.93, 1.87, 1.90, 1.78, 0.39

CO N
Arranging into descending order,
O UC AA
T IO
PY
5.60, 1.90, 1.87, 1.78, 0.93, 0.39
= 5.6, 1.9, 1.87, 1.78, 0.93, 0.39
ED PR

(ii) 71.201, 20.1, 2.01, 3.1, 2.14, 0.652

©

Converting into like decimals (upto 3 pleces )

71.201, 20.100, 2.010, 3.100, 2.140, 0.652
= 71.201, 20.01, 3.1, 2.14, 2.01, 0.652
D

Question 9.
Express as rupees using decimals:
(i) 7 paise
(ii) 77 rupees 77 paise
(iii) 235 paise
Solution :
(i) 7 paise

= 0.07
(ii) 77 rupees 77 paise

= 77

= 77.77
O T IS
N A D
CO N
(iii) 235 paise
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=

= 2.35
ED PR

Question 10.
©

Express 5cm in meter and kilometre.

Solution :

5cm = m = 0.05 meter

=
×
D

= km

= 0.00005 km
Question 11.
Express in kg using decimals:
(i) 200g
(ii) 3470 g
(iii) 4kg 8g
Solution :

O T IS
(i) 200g N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= 0.2 kg
(ii) 3470 g
ED PR

= 3.470 kg
©

(iii) 4kg 8g

=4 kg

Question 12.
D

Add:
(i) 5.765, 9.2, 3.08
(ii) 15.49, 8.3572, 0.903, 7.8
Solution :
(i) 5.765, 9.2, 3.08
Converting into like decimal (up to 3 places )
5.765, 9.200, 3.080
= 5.765f+9.200+3.080
= 18.045

5.765

O T IS
9.200 N A D
+ 3.080

CO N
18.045
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(ii) 15.49, 8.3572, 0.903, 7.8
ED PR

Converting into like decimals ( up to 4 places )

= 15.4900 + 8.3572 + 0.9030, 7.8000
©

15.4900
8. 3572
0.9030
D

+7.80000
32.5502
Question 13.
Workout the following :
(i) 72.53 – 46.782
(ii) 18.376 – 5.43 – 8.897
(iii) 28.5 – 9.708 – 6.234
(iv) 8.2 – 4.56 – 0.7912 + 2.67

O T IS
Solution : N A D
(i) 72.53 – 46.782

CO N
= 72.530 - 46.782
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= 25.748
ED PR

72.530
- 46.782
©

25.748

(ii) 18.376 – 5.43 – 8.8976

= 18.3760 – 5.4300 – 8.8976 ( converting into like decimals )
D

= 18.3760 – 14.3276
= 4.0484
18.3760
-14.3276
4.0484

(iii) 28.5 – 9.708 – 6.234

= 28.500 – 9.708 – 6.234

O T IS
= 28.500 – 15.942
N A D
= 12.558

CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
28.500
-15.942
ED PR

12.558
©

(iv) 8.2 – 4.56 – 0.7912 + 2.67

= 8.2000 – 4.5600 – 0.7912 + 2.6700 ( Converting into like decimal)
= 8.2000 + 2.6700 – 4.5600 – 0.7912
= 10.8700 – 5.3512
D

= 5.5188
8.2000
2.6700
10.8700
-5.3512
5.5188

O T IS
Question 14. N A D
(i) what number added to 3.56 gives 13.016?

CO N
(ii) what number should be subtracted from 30 to get 23.709?
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(iii) what is the excess of 20.4 over 9.7403?
Solution :
ED PR

(i) the required number = 13.016 – 3.56 = 13.016 – 3.560 = 9.456

13.016
©

-3. 560
9.456

(ii) The required number = 30 – 23.709 = 23.709 = 6.291

D

30.000
-23.709
6.291
(iii) The required number = 20.4 – 9.7403 = 20.4000 – 9.7403 =
10.6597
 -9.7403
10.6597
20.4000

©
ED PR
D
O UC AA
N A D
O T IS
T IO
CO N
PY
 Exercise 2.6
Question 1.
Find the following :
(i) 2.7 × 4
(ii) 2.71 × 5
(iii) 2.5 × 0.3

O T IS
(iv) 2.3 × 4.35
(v) 238.06 × 7.5
N A D
CO N
(vi) 0.79 × 32.4
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(vii) 1.07 × 0.02
(viii) 10.05 × 1.05
ED PR

Solution :
(ii) 2.71 × 5
©

= ×5

= 13.55
D

(iii) 2.5 × 0.3

= ×

= 0.75
(iv) 2.3 × 4.35

= ×

= 10.005
(v) 238.06 × 7.5

O T IS
=

23806
N A D
CO N
× 75
O UC AA
T IO
PY
119030
1666420
ED PR

1785450
©

= 1785.450

(vi) 0.79 × 32.4

= ×
D

324
×79
2916
22680
25596
 = 25.596

(vii) 1.07 × 0.02

= ×

O T IS
= 0.0214
N A D
CO N
(viii) 10.05 × 1.05
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= ×
ED PR

1005
×105
©

5025
100500
105525
D

Question 2.
Find the following :
(i) 10.8 ÷ 4
(ii) 126.35 ÷ 7
(iii) 22.5 ÷ 1.5
(iv) 4.28 ÷ 0.02
(v) 3.645 ÷ 1.35
(vi) 0.728 ÷ 0.04
(vii) 13.06 ÷ 0.08
(viii) 58.635 ÷ 4.5

O T IS
Solution :
(i) 10.8 ÷ 4
N A D
CO N
.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=

= 2.7
ED PR

(ii) 126.35 ÷ 7
.
=
©

= 18.05
(iii) 22.5 ÷ 1.5

= ×

=
D

= 15

(iv) 4.28 ÷ 0.02

= ×
=

= 2.7

(vi) 0.728 ÷ 0.04

= 0.728 ÷ 0.040

= 18.2
O T IS
N A D
CO N
(vii) 13.06 ÷ 0.08
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= ×

=
ED PR

= 163.25
©

(viii) 58.635 × 4.5

= 58.635 ÷ 4.500

= ×
D

= 13.03

Question 3.
Multiply each of the following numbers by 10, 100 and 1000 (orally):
(i) 5.9
(ii) 3.76
(iii) 0.549
Solution :
(i) 5.9 × 10 = 59
5.9 × 100 = 590
5.9 × 1000 = 5900

O T IS
(ii) 3.76 × 10 = 37.6
N A D
CO N
3.76 × 100 = 376
O UC AA
T IO
PY
3.76 × 1000 = 3760
ED PR

(iii) 0.549 × 10 = 5.49

0.549 × 100 = 54.9
©

0.549 × 1000 = 549

Question 4. Divide each of the following numbers by 10, 100 and

1000 (orally)
D

(i) 4.8
(ii) 38.53
(iii) 128.9
Solution :
(i) 4.8 ÷ 10 = 0.48
4.8 ÷ 100 = 0.048
4.8÷ 1000 = 0.0048

(ii) 38.53
38.53 ÷ 10 = 3.853
38.53 ÷ 100 = 0.3853

O T IS
38.53 ÷ 1000 = 0.03853
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
(iii) 128.9 T IO
PY
128.9÷ 10 = 12.89
128.9 ÷ 100 = 1.289
ED PR

128.9 ÷ 1000 = 0.1289

©

Question 5.
Find the area of a rectangle whose length is 5.7 cm and breadth is cm.
Solution:
Length of a rectangle = 5.7 cm
D

And Breadth = 3.5 cm

Area = length × breadth
 5.7
×3.5
285
1710
19.95
= 5.7 × 3.5 sq.cm

O T IS
= 19.95 sq.cm N A D
Question 6.

CO N
O UC AA
The cost of one metre cloth is 38.50 find the cost of 3.6 m cloth
T IO
PY
Solution:
Cost of one metre of cloth = 38.50
ED PR

Cost of 3.6m of cloth = 38.50 × 3.6

38.50
©

×3.6
23100
115500
138.600
D

= 138.600
= 138.60

Question 7.
A two wheeler covers a distance of 45.3 km in one litre of petrol.
How much distance will it cover in 5.9 litres of petrol?
Solution: in 1 litre of petrol, a two – wheeler cover = 45.3
In 3.9 litre of petrol, it will cover a distance of = 45.3 × 3.9 = 176km
45.3
×3.9
4077
13590

O T IS
176.67 N A D
CO N
O UC AA
Question 8. T IO
PY
If 1 kg of pure milk contains 0.245 kg of fat. How much fat is there
12.8 kg of milk ?
ED PR

Solution :
In 1 kg of milk, fats is = 0.245 kg
©

Then in 12.8 kg of milk, fats will be

= 0.245 × 12.8 kg
= 3.1360 kg
= 3.136 kg
D

12.8
× .245
640
5128
25600
31360
Question 9.
If 242 .46 are to be distributed among 6 children equally, find the
share of each.
Solution:
6 children gets = 242.46
one child will get = 242.46 ÷ 6 = 40.41

Question 10.
O T IS
N A D
CO N
A vehicle covers a distance of 43.2 km in 2.4 litres of petrol. How
O UC AA
T IO
PY
much distance will it cover in one litre of petrol?
Solution:
ED PR

In 2.4 litres of petrol, a vehicle covers a distance = 43.2km

It will cover a distance in one try of petrol = 43.2 ÷ 2.4km
©

.
= = km = 18km
.

Question 11.
How many ice cream cones can be filled from 8.4 litres of ice cream
if one cone can be filled with 35 millilitres of ice cream?
Solution:
D

In one cone, 35 millilitres of ice cream is filled in 8.4 litres of ice

cream will be filled
( 8.4 = 8.4 × 100 ml )
. ×
= cones

= cones
= 24

Question 12.
If the product of two decimal number is 38.745 and one of the
numbers is 2.7 find the other.
Solution:
Product of two decimal numbers = 38.745

O T IS
One number = 2.7
N A D
CO N
Second number = 38.745 ÷ 2.7
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= = 14.35
ED PR

Question 13.
©

If of a number is 10, then what is 1.75 times of that number?

Solution:

of a number = 10
×
Number = = 15
D

And 1.75 times of the number = 15 × 1.75 = 26.25

 Exercise 2.7
Question 1.

(i) 1 +3

(ii) × 2 − 2 ×

(iii) % + 2& %3 − &

O T IS
Solution :

1 +3
N A D
CO N
(i)
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= +

= × +
ED PR

= +
©

=4
D

(ii) × 2 − 2 ×

= × −2

= −

=
=

(iii) % + 2& %3 − &

= ×

= ×

O T IS
×
=
×
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=6
ED PR

Question 2.

(i) % 2 &÷
©

(ii) % ÷ & ÷

(iii) ÷ +

Solution
D

(i) % 2 &÷

=% &÷

= × ÷

= ÷
= ×

(ii) % ÷ & ÷

= × ÷

= +
O T IS
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=
ED PR

=1
©

Question 3.

(i) %4 − 2 & ÷ +5 3

(ii) % + & ÷ % − & − %8 − {5 − !3 − 2 }&

Solution :
D

(i) %4 − 2 & ÷ +5 3

= % − &÷ +

= ÷ + ×

= ÷ +
= +

= 24

O T IS
N A D
CO N
(ii) % + & ÷ % − & − %8 − {5 − !3 − 2 }&
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= % & ÷ % & − %8 − { − !3 − }&

= ÷ − %8 − { −! }&
ED PR

= × - − %8 − { − ! }&
©

= × - − %8 − { }&

= 10 - %8 − &

= 10 – % &
D

= 10 -

=6
Question 4.
Simplify the following:

(i) 2.3 – [ 1.89 – {3.6 ( 2.7 – )))))))))))))

0.8 − 0.03 }]

(ii) 4.5 - of ( 7.6 – 3.5) + 2.3 × 4.05

Solution :

2.3 – [ 1.89 – {3.6 ( 2.7 – )))))))))))))

0.8 − 0.03 }]

O T IS
= 2.3 – [ 1.89 – {3.6 ( 2.7 – )))))))))))))
0.8 − 0.03 }]
N A D
CO N
= 2.3 – [ 1.89 – {3.6 – 1.93 }]
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= 2.3 – [ 1.89 – 1.67]
= 2.3 – 0.22
ED PR

= 2.30-0.22
= 2.08
©

(ii) 4.5 - of ( 7.6 – 3.5) + 2.3 × 4.05

= 4.5 - of 4.1 + 2.3 × 4.05

= 4.5 -2.05 +9.315

D

= 11.765
4.05
2.3
1215
8100
9315
4.500

O T IS
13.815 N A D
-2.0550

CO N
11.765
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 5.
ED PR

Simplify the following :

* *
©

+ ,
(i) * *
÷
+ ,

. × .
(ii) - 0.037
.

Solution :
* *
+ ,
(i)
D

* *
÷
+ ,

, *
+ ,
= , *
÷
+ ,

+,-+
*.
= , ,
×
+ *
 +/
*.
= +,
+

= ×

O T IS
. × .
(ii) - 0.037
.
N A D
CO N
× ×
= - 0.037
× ×
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= 4 – 0.037
= 3.963
ED PR
©
D
 Fraction and decimal objective type question

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks.
(i) In fractions with same numerator, the fraction with greater
denominator is ......

O T IS
(ii) reduced to simplest form is .....
N A D
CO N
(iii) = ....... 13
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(iv) the reciprocal of the fraction 2 is ......

(v) There are ....... Minutes in 25 the of 2 hours.

ED PR

(vi) 2 × 4 = .....

(vii) 1 ÷ 2 = .......
©

(viii) If the price of 7 similar pens is 37.80, then the price of each pen
is .....
(ix) 5.4 × 2.35 = .....
(x) 0.32÷ 8 = ......
D

(xi) 45 mg = ....... g
(xii) 5.06kg = ...... kg .....g
(xiii) 7.035m = .......m ........cm.........mm
(xiv) the product of a proper fraction and an improper fraction is ....
the improper fraction.
(xv) the lowest form of the product 2 × is ........

(xvi) Ravi ate part of a cake while his sister rani ate of the
remaining. Part of the cake left is....
Solution :
(i) In fractions with same numerator, the fraction with greater
denominator is smaller.

O T IS
(ii) reduced to simplest form is
N A D .{ Dividing each by 6 }

CO N
(iii) = { Dividing each by 22 }
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(iv) the reciprocal of the fraction 2 is {2 = }

(v) There are 48 Minutes in the of 2 hours.

ED PR

0 × 2 = ℎ 23 = × 60 = 48 4"52678 9
©

(vi) 2 × 4 = : × = ;

(vii) 1 ÷ 2 = : ÷ = × = ;

(viii) If the price of 7 similar pens is 37.80, then the price of each pen
is 5.40
D

(ix) 5.4 × 2.35 = 12.690 or 12.69

2.35
× 5.4
940
11750
1269
(x) 0.32÷ 8

= ÷8

=
×

= = 0.04

(xi) 45 mg = ....... g

O T IS
= = 0.045g
N A D
CO N
(xii) 5.06kg = 5 kg 6 g
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(xiii) 7.035m = 7m 3cm 3mm
(xiv) the product of a proper fraction and an improper fraction
ED PR

is less than the improper fraction.

(xv) the lowest form of the product 2 × is ........

©

= × =

(xvi) Ravi ate part of a cake while his sister

rani ate of the remaining. Part of the cake left is....

Ravi ate = part

D

Remaining = 1 - = =

His sister ate = of = × =

Remaining part = − =
Question 2.
State whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)
(i) The reciprocal of 1 is 0.
(ii) The reciprocal of a proper fraction is a proper fraction.
(iii) The reciprocal of an improper fraction is an improper fraction.
(iv) Product of two fractions

O T IS
<=>?@AB >C BDEF= ?EG>HFG>B>=I
=
<=>?@AB >C BDEF= G@HE=JB>=I
N A D
CO N
(v) of 2 kg = 300 g.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(vi) the multiplicative inverse of 3 is
ED PR

(vii) The multiplicative inverse of 3 is

(viii) − =
©

(ix) of 8 is same as ÷ 8

(x) the product of two proper fractions is greater than each of the two
fractions.
(xi) to multiply a decimal number by 10, move the decimal point to
the left by one place.
D

(xii) to divide a decimal number by 100, move the decimal point to

the left by two places.
Solution :
(i) The reciprocal of 1 is 0. ( False)
Correct:
Reciprocal of 1 is 1
(ii) The reciprocal of a proper fraction is a proper fraction. ( False)
Correct:
It is an improper fraction.
(iii) The reciprocal of an improper fraction is an improper fraction. (
False)
Correct:

O T IS
It is a proper fraction.
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(iv) Product of two fractions
<=>?@AB >C BDEF= ?EG>HFG>B>=I
= ( False)
ED PR

<=>?@AB >C BDEF= G@HE=JB>=I

Correct:
<=>?@AB >C BDEF= G@HE=JB>=I
©

As it is =
<=>?@AB >C BDEF= ?EG>HFGJB>=I

(v) of 2 kg = 300 g. ( True)

(vi) the multiplicative inverse of 3 is ( True)

(vii) The multiplicative inverse of 3 is ( True)

D

(viii) − = ( True)

(ix) of 8 is same as ÷ 8 (False)

Correct:

of 8 = ÷
(x) the product of two proper fractions is greater than each of the two
fractions. (False)
Correct:

As × =

But is not greater than 3

(xi) to multiply a decimal number by 10, move the decimal point to

O T IS
the left by one place. (False)
Correct:
N A D
CO N
( move one point to the right not left)
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(xii) to divide a decimal number by 100, move the decimal point to
the left by two places. ( True)
ED PR

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer from the given four options ( 3 to 20 )
©

Question 3.

of 480 is

(a) 400
(b) 576
D

(c) 480
(d) none of these
Solution :

of 480

= × 480 = 400 (a)

Question 5.

The fraction lies between

(a) 11 and 7
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 0 and 1
(d) 2 and 3
Solution :
O T IS
N A D
CO N
The fraction = 1 lies between 1 and 2 (b)
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 6.

If the cost of 1 kg almonds is 460 , then the cost of kg of almonds is

ED PR

(a) 92
(b) 184
©

(c) 230
(d) 1200
Solution:
Cost of 1 kg almonds = 460
D

Cost of kg = 460 × = 184

Question 7.

2 ÷ 1 is equal to

(a) 2
(b) 1

(c) 2

(d) 1

Solution .

=2 ÷1 = ÷

= × = =1
O T IS
N A D
CO N
Question 8.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
5 ÷ 4 is equal to

(a)
ED PR

(b)
©

(c) 5

(d) 1

Solution :

5 ÷4
D

= ÷

= ×

=1
Question 9.

If of a number is 12, then the number is

(a) 9
(b) 16
(c) 18
(d) 32
Solution:
O T IS
N A D
CO N
If 34 of a number = 12
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Then number = 12 × = 16 (b)
ED PR

Question 10.
Arif bought 3 dozen eggs. He found 19 of them were rotten . the
©

number of rotten eggs was

(a) 4
(b) 3
(c) 6
(d) 8
D

Solution :
Total eggs = 3 dozen = 3 × 12 = 36

Number of rotten = of 36 = 4 (a)

Question 11.

Shruti reads a novel for 1 hours daily, if she reads the entire novel in
6 days , then the time she takes to read the entire novel is

(a) 7 hours

(b) 9 hours

(c) 10 hours

(d) 11 hours
O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
Solution : T IO
PY
A novel is read in 6 days

Total time = × 6 =
ED PR

= 10 (c)
©

Question 12.
The place value of the digit 7 in the decimal number 35.0471 is
(a) 7

(b)
D

(c)

(d)

Solution :

Place value of 7 in 35.0471 =

Question 13.
0.002 × 0.3 is
(a) 0.6
(b) 0.06
(c) 0.006
(d) 0.006

O T IS
Solution :
0.002 × 0.3 = 0.006 (d)
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 14.
ED PR

The value of the mixed fraction 5 is

(a) 5.735
©

(b) 5.375
(c) 5.625
(d) 5.875
Solution :

5 = 5.375
D

Question 15.
0.35 ÷ 0.7 is
(a) 50
(b) 5
(c) 0.5
(d) 0.05
Solution :
0.35 ÷ 0.7 = 0.5 (c)

Question 16

O T IS
30m 5cm is same as
N A D
(a) 30.5m

CO N
O UC AA
(b) 3.05 m T IO
PY
(c) 30.05 m
(d) 30.005 m
ED PR

Solution :
30m 5cm = 30.05 (c)
©

Question 17.
0.05309 × 1000 is
(a) 5.309
D

(b) 53.09
(c) 530.9
(d) none of these
Solution :
0.05309 × 1000 = 53.09 (b)
Question 18.
2.305 ÷ 1000 is
(a) 0.2305
(b) 0.02305
(c) 0.002305
(d) none of these

O T IS
Solution :
2.305 ÷ 1000 = 0.002305 (c)
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 19.
If each side of a regular hexagon is 3.5 cm, then the perimeter of the
ED PR

hexagon is
(a) 17.5cm
©

(b) 21 cm
(c) 18.5 cm
(d) 24.5 cm
Solution :
D

Each side of a regular hexagon = 3.5 cm

Its perimeter = 3.5 × 6 = 21 cm (b)

Question 20 .
Which of the following numbers has the smallest value?
(a) 0.0002
(b)

(c) 0.02 × 0.001

(d) ÷ 0.01

Solution :
(a) 0.0002

(b) = 0.002

O T IS
0.02 × 0.001 = 0.00002
N A D
CO N
÷ 0.01 = ×
O UC AA
And T IO = 0.2

PY
Last value = 0.00002 or 0.02 × 0.001
ED PR
©
D
 Fraction and decimals check your progress
Question 1.
What fraction is 270 gram of 3 kilograms ?
Solution:
K
LK

O T IS
×

=
N A D
CO N
Question 2 .
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Simplify the following :

(i) 7 × 2
ED PR

(ii) 3 × 4
©

(iii) 3 ÷

(iv) 15 ÷ 1

Solution :

(i) 7 × 2
D

= ×

= 17

(ii) 3 × 4

= ×
= 18

(iii) 3 ÷

= ÷

= ×

=4
O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(iv) 15 ÷ 1

= ÷
ED PR

= ×
©

= 10

Question 3.
D

A shirt was market at 540 . it was sold at of the marked what was
the sale price ?
Solution:
List price of the shirt = 540

Selling price = of 540 = × 540 = 405

Question 4.

In a class of 56 students, are in blue house and are in yellow

house. Out of the remaining, are in the greenhouse rest are in the red
house . find the number of students in each house.
Solution:
Number of total students of a class = 56

O T IS
Number of students of blue house =
N A D 56 = 14

CO N
Number of students of yellow house = 314 of 56 = 12
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Remaining students = 56 – (14+12) = 56 – 26 = 30

Number of students of green house = of 30 = 10

ED PR

And remaining students who are of red house = 30-10 = 20

©

Question 5.

Rohit bought a motorcycle for 36000 . he paid of the price and the
rest in 12 equal monthly instalments. Find the amount to pay every
month .
Solution:
D

Cost price of motor cycle = 36000

Cash paid = of 36000 = 6000

Remaining amount = 36000 – 6000 = 30000

Number of instalments = 12
Amount of each instalment = 30000 ÷ 12 = 2500
Rohit had to pay 2500 every month.

Question 6.

Mr mukerjee gave of his money to his son, of the remaining

daughter and the rest to his wife. If his wife got 36000, what was that
total amount?
Solution:

O T IS
Let total money = 1
N A D
CO N
Mr mukerjee to his son = part of his money
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Then remaining money = 1 -
ED PR

=
©

He gives to his daughter = = part

Rest money to his wife = −

= =
D

of total money = 36000

×
Total money = = 168000
Question 7.

Find the value of ; + + ** + ,

/ *M N

Solution .

+ + ** + ,
/ *M N

= M. + +O + ,
/ *M N

= +
O T IS
+
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=
ED PR

=2
©

Question 8.
Convert the following numbers to fractions (in simplest form)
(i) 0.025
D

(ii) 0.876
(iii) 4.3125
Solution :
(i) 0.025

=
=

(ii) 0.876

O T IS
(iii) 4.3125

=4
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=4 ( dividing both by 625)
ED PR

Question 9.
Write the following fractions as decimals:
©

(i) 1

(ii)

(iii)

Solution:
D

(i) 1 = 1.375

(ii) = 0.376

(iii) = 2.225
Question 10.
By how much does the sum of 17.443 and 29.657 exceed the sum of
13.687 and 18.548?
Solution :
Sum of 17.443 and 29.567 = 17.443 + 29.657 = 47.100
And sum of 13.687 and 18.548 = 13.687 + 18.548 = 32.235
Difference = 47.100 – 32.235 = 14.865

O T IS
N A D
CO N
Question 11.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Simplify the following.
(i) 4.27 × 0.036
ED PR

(ii) 0.09 × 1.04

(iii) 1.32 ÷ 0.8
©

(iv) 0.7038 ÷ 0.34

Solution:
(i) 4.27 × 0.036 = 0.15372
427
D

×36
2562
12810
15372
(ii) 0.09 × 1.04 = 0.0936
(iii) 1.32 ÷ 0.8
= 1.32 ÷ 0.80

= 1.65

(iv) 0.7038 ÷ 0.34

O T IS
= 0.7038 ÷ 0.3400
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= 2.07
ED PR

Question 12.
If one kg of rice costs 52.70 then find the cost of 12.5 kg rice.
©

Solution:
Cost of 1kg of rice = 52.70
5270
× 125
D

26350
105400
527000
658750
Question 13.
A piece of cloth is 24.5 m long. How many pieces, each of length
1.75m, can be cut from it?
Solution:
Length of a piece of cloth = 24.5
Length of one piece of cloth cut from it = 1.75 m
Number of piece = 24.5÷ 1.75 = 24.50÷ 1.75 = 14pieces

O T IS
N A D
CO N
Question 14.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
The product of two decimal number is 1.599 and one of them is 0.65
find the other.
ED PR

Solution :
Product of two decimal number = 1.599
©

One number = 0.65

.
Second number = = = 2.46
.

Question 15
D

Simplify the following:

(i) % − & ÷ 4 + %5 − 4 &

)))))))))))
(ii) 1 % − & − %4 − :6 − 02 − 4 − 3 9;&

Solution :
(i) % − & ÷ 4 + %5 − 4 &

= ÷ + % − &

= ÷ +

= ÷ +

= × +

= +
O T IS
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=
ED PR

)))))))))))
(ii) 1 % − & − %4 − :6 − 02 − 4 − 3 9;&
©

))))))))
= % &−% − :6 − 0 − − 9;&

= % &−% − :6 − 0 − 9;&

= % &−% − :6 − 0 9;&
D

= −% − :6 − ;&

= −% − &

= −% − &

= −% &
 =
=
=
−

©
ED PR
D
O UC AA
N A D
O T IS
T IO
CO N
PY