Crop Production and Management

VIII Science
PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, OSMANABAD

Std.: VIII Subject: Science Topic: Crop Production and Management
Value of the Chapter: Agriculture is our wisest pursuit, because it will in the end contribute most to real
wealth, good morals and happiness.
1. Tick the correct option.
a. Which of the following is NOT a Rabi crop?
i. Bajra ii. Wheat
iii. Linseed iv. Barley
Answer: Bajra
b. 2,4–D is a commonly used example of a______________ .
i. insecticide ii. Weedicide
iii. pesticide iv. fertiliser
Answer: Weedicide
c. _________________can be used to increase soil fertility.
i. Weedicides ii. Pesticides
iii. Fumigation iv. Manures
Answer: Manures
d. Drip system uses pipes fitted with small tubes

called_______________________ .
i. nozzles ii. emitters
iii. sprinklers iv. sprays
Answer: Emitters
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VIII Science
e. Which of the following is not a process carried out by the

combine harvester?
i. Threshing ii. Reaping
iii. Irrigating iv. Winnowing
Answer: Irrigating
2. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets.
a. The process of separation of chaff or husks from its mixture with

grains is known as winnowing. .(winnowing/threshing)
b. Conversion of nitrogen gas into biologically available inorganic

nitrogen such as ammonia is called nitrogen fixation.
(nitrification/nitrogen fixation)
c. DDT was a commonly used pesticide. (DDT/2,4–D)
d. Fertilizers do not provide humus to the soil. (Manures/Fertilisers)
e. During ploughing of the soil the humus gets thoroughly mixed with the
soil. (ploughing/levelling)
3. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).
a. Groundnut is a kharif crop. (True)
b. Weedicides are directly sprayed on the crops using a spray. (False)
c. Cyanobacteria can be used as biofertilisers. (True)
d. Manures are man-made chemicals or inorganic substances added to

the soil to provide nutrients. (False)
e. Jute and cotton are cash crops. (True)

VIII Science
4. Match the following.
Column A Column B
a. Cereal crops (Wheat) i. Rubber
b. Fibre crops (Jute) ii. Beans
c. Oil crops (Mustard) iii. Wheat
d. Plantation crops (Rubber) iv. Jute
e. Pulses (Beans) v. Mustard
5. Define the following.
a. Threshing
Answer: The process of removal of the husk or chaff from the grains is
called threshing.
b. Cash crop
Answer: A crop which is grown for the purpose of sales and profit i.e. for
commercial purpose and not for its use as food is called a cash crop.
c. Weeding
Answer: The process of removing weeds from the agricultural field is

called weeding.
6. Answer the following questions in short.
a. List the processes involved in the nitrogen cycle.
Answer: Nitrogen fixation, nitrification, nitrogen assimilation,

ammonification and denitrification
b. What are kharif crops?
Answer: The crops grown from June to September during the monsoon
season are called kharif crops.

VIII Science
c. What are the characteristics of loose soil?
Answer: Loose soil is porous, well aerated and holds more water.
d. List the conditions on which the time and frequency of irrigation

is dependent.
Answer: The time and frequency of irrigation depends on the type of

crop, the soil conditions and the season of growth.
7. Give reasons.
a. Manures are better than fertilisers.
Answer: Manures are better than fertilisers because, unlike fertilisers,

manures:
 provide humus to the soil
 are not harmful to the soil
 increase the water holding capacity of the soil, improve soil texture
and make it porous which helps in gaseous exchange
b. Seeds should be sown at the right depth in soil.
Answer: If seeds are sown too deep, they may fail to germinate and if
they are sown superficially, they may get picked up by the birds. Hence
they must be sown at the right depth in the soil.

VIII Science
8. Answer the following questions in detail.
a. List the measures that should be kept in mind while storing

grains?
Answer:  The storing place of grains should be free from pests and
insects. If not then the place has to be fumigated. Fumigation is a
process in which fumes of certain chemicals are released to kill the
pests and insects.
 The storing place of grains is well ventilated and airy.
 The grains should be checked at regular intervals to check their

condition.
 Dried neem leaves can be used prevent the grains from insects and
pests.
 Fruit and vegetables have high moisture content. Hence they cannot
be stored for longer period. They are stored in cold storages.
b. What is crop rotation? Write its significance.
Answer: Growing of different crops in succession on the farm to avoid

depletion of nutrients and control the weeds and pests is called crop
rotation. It allows replenishment of nutrients that are depleted from the
soil. Thus it helps in recycling of nutrients.
c. Write a note on sources of irrigation.
Answer: The main source of water for irrigation in India is rainfall. For
many crops we depend largely on rainfall but there are newer methods
where water from rivers and other water bodies are diverted to the dry
areas. The other sources of irrigation include the ground water such as
wells and tube wells and surface water such as rivers, lakes, ponds,
dams and canals.

VIII Science
9. Diagram based question.
Draw a schematic representation of the nitrogen cycle. Label all

the processes occurring in it.
Answer:
11. HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)
a. Do fields have to be irrigated to the same extent in all seasons of

the year? Justify your answer.
Answer: No, fields are not required to be irrigated to the same extent all
throughout the year as there are various types of crops that are
cultivated at different phases of the year which address different weather
conditions. Also, water requirements of the year of all the crops are
different.
b. How do people living in desert areas carry out farming?
Answer: Mainly, the cultivation is done of those crops which need less
water for their growth and survival. Also, water reuse, desalination, and
drip irrigation are all modern ways that are in regular use
in agriculture despite being in an arid climate.

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VIII Science

PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, OSMANABAD

1. Tick the correct option.

a. Which of the following is NOT a Rabi crop?

i. Bajra ii. Wheat

iii. Linseed iv. Barley

b. 2,4–D is a commonly used example of a______________ .

i. insecticide ii. Weedicide

iii. pesticide iv. fertiliser

c. _________________can be used to increase soil fertility.

i. Weedicides ii. Pesticides

iii. Fumigation iv. Manures

d. Drip system uses pipes fitted with small tubes

i. nozzles ii. emitters

iii. sprinklers iv. sprays

Science 20-21 Page 1

e. Which of the following is not a process carried out by the

i. Threshing ii. Reaping

iii. Irrigating iv. Winnowing

2. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the brackets.

a. The process of separation of chaff or husks from its mixture with

b. Conversion of nitrogen gas into biologically available inorganic

c. DDT was a commonly used pesticide. (DDT/2,4–D)

d. Fertilizers do not provide humus to the soil. (Manures/Fertilisers)

a. Groundnut is a kharif crop. (True)

b. Weedicides are directly sprayed on the crops using a spray. (False)

c. Cyanobacteria can be used as biofertilisers. (True)

d. Manures are man-made chemicals or inorganic substances added to

e. Jute and cotton are cash crops. (True)

Science 20-21 Page 2

4. Match the following.

b. Fibre crops (Jute) ii. Beans

c. Oil crops (Mustard) iii. Wheat

d. Plantation crops (Rubber) iv. Jute

e. Pulses (Beans) v. Mustard

5. Define the following.

Answer: The process of removing weeds from the agricultural field is

6. Answer the following questions in short.

a. List the processes involved in the nitrogen cycle.

Answer: Nitrogen fixation, nitrification, nitrogen assimilation,

b. What are kharif crops?

Science 20-21 Page 3

c. What are the characteristics of loose soil?

d. List the conditions on which the time and frequency of irrigation

Answer: The time and frequency of irrigation depends on the type of

a. Manures are better than fertilisers.

Answer: Manures are better than fertilisers because, unlike fertilisers,

 provide humus to the soil

 are not harmful to the soil

b. Seeds should be sown at the right depth in soil.

Science 20-21 Page 4

8. Answer the following questions in detail.

a. List the measures that should be kept in mind while storing

 The storing place of grains is well ventilated and airy.

 The grains should be checked at regular intervals to check their

b. What is crop rotation? Write its significance.

Answer: Growing of different crops in succession on the farm to avoid

c. Write a note on sources of irrigation.

Science 20-21 Page 5

9. Diagram based question.