ele chons mine S the abene on btally andom. Jhus I nve e wming in dfoost Qrectoy thus ekebie cumant is peent Hoen the entnd E,willk acceea) du to thi f- may m
that di of mhon e succeMiVe alli'ions V, k the
& E
aT A
UY V
Relab'sn beheen I and
Connet Ne Khen where no eleehn Lut De
2: nAle Snce I= mA e t t
3 Cuvend densty J: I nAe V,
A Am ( vetor
= SI Unit Vs
) Ohm kas R= albd stance dneniG Ma t i ef ) Deivahom of Ohmi laol fov ng Wit
2 (et t) nAe VT >|H m
ne't A
Here Cons A R Keictamc
Now R= A A
keme enshvh A. ( unt m)
7) Candveb fy
-( mho M
ee $) Micascfe fornm of Ohms ko'- (J=Ç)a nAe V)
I A
but e E 2 m
J nee£ ) 2 Jrodient J: (ne't) E OY
mient
1) Limitatons of Ohms as
a Centun vaine hee
(i) it in obieve) that vau I
Momlwenn
Ravistane I Non |inea
GaAs (G.tiam hscnida)
All abevE
widely uedn semicoter ce.henies
Cclaun lode fo Caon cdey ie bun) listcsN Canbo nstr Canbon ly Nunder B lad Mes Tele acc 2 Red
Viuut lo + le &
lo Slvey 0o, (sc) 2) (nv Calaus ) Tempeotn dafeneute o Kevistiih Keitht a Couteo pren y +
Come
J(r2) hesthvih f. iiti -| nit K
hetals (+e dec bih Dhus nshuy
Also (b as
nlanatm bme . inta decre gjeita
Metels leys Ag ete Nihme iMansann Cemtdta sicond uts elabon hete fain Ancrews At
- fr Germau (ck)
Conjeme Pone,
(Î3) I Pouen lou oY chme low
hemen
et a dene dan eitan R to uhi
catles
L (2) Calles (uig @a ) Comtinabo ww W 1
Cunenl Cnst, owener, V dundo
the cto R ( V- 1k, I- ca
=) V I R
Ponson fer are Com Linahon Let
Sae chentna veltage
P,,V R,: P, ne R K, R,
ConsH
Smallet fowew
we ha Jam nltaje 2
but
2 As
minmm t wil allu man (menl & lwhman
Ma
(1) Calls Emf
Euy cell kas dvoun fm it Jle cleefoyte honit he
-v-I,
Sn fol 0 deal coll
=) ( Je Mon Cunen that ca be imenal nenistamce Concentahon 4 (i) Sla elechoden ci) dict sa inme). Cmmon a4 elaabdes (V) inoases wih dec in . in he elboyk elehihte usually lw (V) Jhe a & mer
When a changing V= e-(-1)r
Seses
(a) C
(on Je two clh Sened
,- I Jn (22) neal
en
(C) fr farall.l conehon
1
I 1,
L ( -v(;) V
t , colls (9
4eues ) all uch vwr()
A ne of ikonhie colls (n) n coll
celli Mn M.0wr
Net Emf eacl - n
Net Em! 4 Combinton n www
Nel tanal es's lanee cod
As
m tunm
Kt R t nY
the entnl entamee R.
mn& Rt nY
L-(2) a laxmum Cuenl thongh R Cellsi
(a) Sine V: g- Ir
M t C H
and R.
=)
V= - I, ¿: 1(R)
R V 20 Ki cho f's Rules Jne hon Rule. At any the
eaing he junchon in bavd cn congenvabo f char ge as rak at uhicly
char n Jauim ont
(2> Lao Kule AUm
of change in sesistoM collhin tt loof based Consevahon of btal emesgy n mmy a change
3o
I, |
2. n lof ah de ba 6ign conven tio for Kinch aff s lacos : ) T ihe duectinof Cuent is saSame as the Jve bon dich a i taven sed, (+) I aud R aetaben (-)
a -) to Cone
(t)n teannala Pue mar
Llheatstone sigde frncaflai
jt is a Combimatonof nnisles in ruck 2ha2
hws den bienaton4 an mknaun Ne tance
1-) S (1;11-1,)
1 (18 Usmg Kirckeffi duncbio das ayonl I has Heen divided into Vallous ans
ABD A
- I, - î,6 (?-1.) e, -0 0
Q +(t I- 1)s + - (î.-4) & Sn the bal ana (onds on, no Salvanometa
