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Parabolas (All Lectures)

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Mayyhem skcor
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59 views8 pages

Parabolas (All Lectures)

Uploaded by

Mayyhem skcor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Parabola

1. A parabola is formed when the plane figure is tilted and cut only one cone to form an
unbounded curve.
2. A parabola is a set of all points ( x , y ) in a plane that are equidistant from a fixed line (directrix),
and a fixed point (focus), not on the line.

F F

3. Parts of a parabola

a. Focus
b. Directrix
c. Vertex – midpoint between the focus and
directrix; turning point of a parabola
d. Axis of symmetry (axis of the parabola) – line
passing through the focus and the vertex
e. Latus rectum – line segment passing through
the focus, perpendicular to the axis of
symmetry

4. Forms of Parabola with vertex at the origin


Opening Upward Downward Right Left
Equation, 2 2 2 2
p>0 x =4 py x =−4 py y =4 px y =−4 px
Equation of
the axis of x=0 x=0 y=0 y=0
symmetry
Equation of
the y=− p y= p x=− p x= p
directrix
Vertex ( 0 , 0) ( 0 , 0) ( 0 , 0) ( 0 , 0)
Focus ( 0 , p) ( 0 ,−p ) ( p , 0) (− p , 0 )
Endpoints
of LR
(−2 p , p )∧( 2 p , p ) (−2 p ,− p )∧ ( 2 p ,− p ) ( p ,−2 p )∧ ( p , 2 p ) (− p ,−2 p )∧ (−p ,2 p )

Note: distance between focus∧vertex= p ; length of latus rectum=4 p; directed distance between
focus and directrix is 2p; you need the vertex, focus, and endpoints of latus rectum when
sketching the graph
Examples: Find the standard form of the equation of the parabola being described and sketch.
a. Vertex at the origin and focus at ( 2 , 0 )
b. Vertex at the origin and directrix y=2
c. Axis of symmetry is vertical; the parabola contains the point ( 4 , 1 )
d. The length of the latus rectum is 20 and the parabola opens downward
e. Endpoints of the latus rectum are (−4 ,−8 ) and (−4 , 8 )

5. Forms of Parabola with vertex at ( h , k )

Opening Upward Downward Right Left


Equation,
p>0 ( x−h )2=4 p ( y−k ) ( x−h )2=−4 p ( y −k ) ( y−k )2=4 p ( x −h ) ( y−k )2=−4 p ( x−h )
Equation of
the axis of x=h x=h y=k y=k
symmetry
Equation of
the y=k− p y=k + p x=h− p x=h+ p
directrix
Vertex (h , k ) (h , k ) (h , k ) (h , k )
Focus (h , k + p ) ( h , k −p ) ( h+ p , k ) ( h−p , k )
Endpoints ( h−2 p , k + p )∧¿ ( h−2 p , k − p )∧¿ ( h+ p , k −2 p )∧¿ ( h−p , k−2 p )∧¿
of LR ( h+2 p , k + p ) ( h+2 p , k− p ) ( h+ p , k +2 p ) ( h−p , k +2 p )
Note: distance between focus∧vertex= p ; length of latus rectum=4 p; the vertex is midway
between the directrix and focus; directed distance between the focus and the directrix is 2p
Examples: Find the standard form of the equation of the parabola being described and sketch (if
applicable).
a. Vertex at the ( 6 ,−4 ) and focus at ( 2 ,−4 )
b. Vertex at (−3 ,−2 ) and directrix y=3
c. Vertex at (−1 , 5 ) and directrix x=−5

d.

e. Vertex (−1 , 6 ); axis is horizontal, passes through the point (−9 , 2 )


6. Standard Form to General Form and Vice-Versa (using completing the square)
a. ( x−5 )2 =−8 ( y +1 )
b. x 2−2 x−8 y +9=0
c. y 2−2 x−4 y +8=09

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