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Textile Printing-Flat Screen Printing

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59 views24 pages

Textile Printing-Flat Screen Printing

Uploaded by

aounb5012
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Textile Printing

Fully automatic flat screen printing


machine
➢ All the colours are printed simultaneously.
➢ It is not suitable coloration units for a true
continuous process because in fully automatic
flat-screen printing the colour is applied through
the screens while the fabric is stationary.
➢ All the screens for the design (one screen for
each colour) are positioned accurately along the
top of a long endless belt, known as a blanket.
➢ Fully automatic flat screen printing machines may
available up to 15 screens.
Fully automatic flat screen printing
machine
➢ The fabric is gummed to the blanket at the entry end
and moves along with the blanket
➢ The gap between adjacent screens must be whole
number of lengthways design repeats
➢ All the colours in the design are printed simultaneously
while the fabric is stationary
➢ When the fabric approaches the turning point of the
blanket, it is pulled off and passes into a dryer.
➢ The soiled blanket is washed and dried during its return
passage.
➢ The features diagram of the fully-automatic flat screen
printing is shown in figure.
Fully automatic flat screen printing
machine
Flat screen printing machine
Flat screen printing machine
Fully automatic flat screen printing
machine
Fully automatic flat screen printing
machine
Adhesive systems
• Water based
• Semi permanent/permanent
These are acrylic copolymers, withstands
washing, becomes tacky on heating,
thermoplastic in nature.
Squeegee systems
• Blade squeegee
• Rod squeegee
Squeegee materials
Rubber
rubber tends to suffer from poor abrasion resistance and poor resistance to
strong solvents.
Neoprene
Neoprene a synthetic rubber compound made from a chlorine derivative of
acetylene, is also a popular Squeegee material. Neoprene is slightly more
expensive than natural rubber, and it offers better chemical and abrasion
resistance.
Polyurethane
Polyurethane, a syntethic plastic material, is often used to make Squeegee
designed for extended use, and for automatic and semi-automatic
equipment. While urethane is more expensive than rubber or neoprene, it
offers a much better resistance to both physical and chemical abrasion.
Most urethanes used in the screen printing industry are MDI (methylene
diphenyl diisocyanate) based Polyesters.
http://printersedge.com/squeegee-selection-and-maintenance/info_4.html
Squeegee systems

Squeegee parameters

Durometer
50A-90A

Most commonly used is 70A .


Hardness measurement
Squeegee systems
➢Hard durometer Squeegees are normally
recommended for use on high speed
automatic presses due to the high degree of
abrasion that occurs during a production run
Softer durometers Squeegees are typically used
for low-pressure low speed manual and semi-
automatic presses.

http://printersedge.com/squeegee-selection-and-
maintenance/info_4.html
Double-blade squeegee
• A pair of parallel rubber-blade squeegees is driven
across the screen with the print paste in the gap
between them.
• Only the rear squeegee makes contact with the screen,
the leading squeegee being raised slightly above it.
• When the next stroke is made, the leading squeegee
for the first pass becomes the rear one for the reverse
direction.
• The double-blade arrangement is simpler to construct
than one utilising a single squeegee that has to be
lifted over the pool of print paste at the end of each
stroke
Double-blade squeegee
Magnetic rod squeegee
➢ The approach was adopted by Zimmer, who
invented a rolling-rod squeegee moved by an
electromagnet.
➢ This type of squeegee is used in Zimmer flat- and
rotary-screen printing machines.
➢ The electromagnet is stationary in the latter case
➢ The diameter of the rod is usually small enough
to allow print paste to flow over and round it at
the end of a stroke.
➢ Screen distortion and wear are less where rolling
rods, rather than rubber-blade squeegees, are
used
Intermittent movement
• Accurate movement of blanket
• Discontinuity of gumming arrangement
a line of excess gum is likely to be produced
each time the blanket stops moving, which in
extreme cases may affect the levelness of the
print.
• Control of fabric speed through dryer (variable
stretching and overdrying)
Printing faults
➢ Some faults in automatic flat-screen prints are
due to poor registration (misfitting of the
colours in the design) and the others are
associated with screen frames falling on wet
areas of the printed fabric.
➢ The printing faults are given as under;
1. Registration
2. Frame marks
3. Splashing
• Registration
• Inaccurate movement of blanket
accurate movement of the blanket exactly one
screen-repeat distance, each time it is advanced, is
essential for the correct registration of the colours
in the design,
• inadequate adhesion of the fabric to the blanket
will cause local misfitting
• Screen distortion
due to excessive drag exerted by the squeegee.
• Frame marks
When printing consecutive screen repeats, the screen frame
inevitably falls on part of the area most recently printed and may
leave an impression.
This is a particularly difficult problem for blotch screens where
large amounts of print paste are applied.
The problem is reduced in hand screen and semi-automatic
screen printing by printing alternate screen repeats and then
moving back to fill in the gaps, but this is not possible in
automatic machines, since in these the movement of the blanket
is always in the same direction.
it is more serious in fully automatic screen printing as the
printing speed is much higher, so that there is less time for
intermediate drying or penetration of the fabric.
• Off contact prinitng
• Spacing of screens as much as possible
• Reduction of speed
• Splashing
Lifting of screen at one side just before the other
Utilization
• flat-screen printing is primarily used for the
printing of good-quality furnishing fabrics.
• The method is well suited to the large repeats
and large motifs often used on these fabrics.
• In addition, the printing speeds are relatively
low (300–600 m h–1) compared with rotary-
screen
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