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Module 7

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

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Stuti Sharma 21BEC1626
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10 views12 pages

Module 7

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

Uploaded by

Stuti Sharma 21BEC1626
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module:7

Direct Broadcast Satellite Television


systems and GPS
Module-7
DBS Satellite Systems:

• DVB-S2X Standards

• System Design for High-Throughput Applications ,

• Antenna Considerations, Modulation Scheme Considerations, Error Coding


Considerations, Remote Sensing Application.

• Navigation Satellite Systems

GPS-Position Calculations and Accuracy,

• Navigation Messages, Receiver Design,

• IRNSS
Introduction
• The limited bandwidth of undersea cables designed for voice communications
prevented their use for video signals, so live television signals could not be transmitted
beyond the limits of any continent.

• The first time that a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite was used extensively for
video transmission was for the Tokyo Olympic Games in 1968, which were broadcast
live in the United States using a link through an early Intelsat satellite over the Pacific
Ocean.

• One transponder on a GEO satellite can send a video signal to thousands of


independent cable systems distributed throughout the country. Ex: point to multipoint
Tx.
C-Band and Ku-Band Home Satellite TV
• In the early 1980s, the development of low noise Gallium Arsenide Field Effect
Transistor (GaAsFET) amplifiers for C-band low noise amplifiers (LNAs) and
improved threshold extension frequency modulation (FM) demodulators for
video signal receivers allowed much smaller diameter antennas to be used to
receive C-band FM video signals distributed through GEO satellites.

• These were particularly popular in rural areas where terrestrial television


broadcasting offered at best three channels from the major networks.
Digital DBS-TV
• In the 1990s, digital video transmission became feasible, and several systems
were developed in the United States in the 12.2–12.7 GHz band allocated to DBS-
TV services.

• The development of low-cost Ku-band antennas and receivers, and high speed
digital integrated circuits specifically for DBS television that incorporate
quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) demodulation, error control, decryption,
and Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) compression made DBS-TV practical.
Introduction
Introduction
Satellite Navigation and the Global
Positioning System
• The global positioning satellite (GPS) system has revolutionized navigation and
position location.

• It is now the primary means of navigation for most ships, aircraft, and
automobiles, and is widely used in surveying and many other applications.

• 1973- U.S space force provide a satellite-based radio navigation system- NAVSTAR
GPS for guiding missiles, ships, and aircraft.
GPS TECHNICAL STRUCTURE
• The GPS space segment of 24 satellites orbiting in MEO.

• Altitude- 20,200 km with an orbital inclination of 550

• The satellite are clustered in group of four called constellation with each
separated by 600 in longitude.

• Orbital period is one-half a sidereal day- (same satellite appear in twice in a day).
Components of GPS
• Space segment

• Control segment

• User segment
GPS Position Location Principles
• Position of GPS receiver is found by trilateration method.

• Three satellites are required to provide the three distance measurements, and the fourth is
used to remove receiver clock error.

• The three satellites provide distance information when the GPS receiver makes three
measurements of range, Ri, from the receiver to three known points, that is, GPS satellites.
GPS Receiver
• The antenna is typically a circularly polarized patch antenna with an LNA mounted on the
printed circuit board.

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