Scribd
Upload
17 views22 pages

GEC101

Uploaded by

Xyburt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views22 pages

GEC101

Uploaded by

Xyburt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

THE

From Various Philosophical Perspectives


OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson,


the students must have:
• explored the concept of the self from the different
philosophical perspectives
• appreciated the contribution of each perspective to a
better understanding of the self
• made a personal philosophical concept of the self (from
the insights learned) in one’s personal perspective as
part of the philosophy in life.
INTRODUCTION

• Finding answers to the question,


• Who am I?, will lead us to our understanding of
our selves, understanding the self
• This will take us to a journey inward – journey
toward the self.
• Let us explore the different concepts about the
self.
• The best way to begin is to look into what
philosophies and philosophers have said to
explain the self.
THE FAMOUS PHILOSOPHERS
AND
THE CONCEPTS OF THE SELF
Know thyself
The unexamined life is not worth living
Ultimate wisdom comes from knowing oneself.
The more a person knows, the greater his or her
ability to reason and make choices that will bring
true happiness.
• The rational soul (intellect) is the
thinking portion within each of us,
which discerns what is real and not,
judges what is true and what is
false, and makes the rational
decisions with reason.
• The spirited soul, is the active self
(action-portion); its function is to
carry out the dictates of reason.
• Finally, the appetitive soul (emotion
or desire) is the portion of each of us
that wants and feels many things,
most of which must be deferred if we
are to achieve self-control.
ST. AUGUSTINE
• He introduced the concept of
freewill (as the SELF) which
means that humans are morally
responsible for their actions.
• The goal of every human
person is to attain communion
and bliss (happiness) with the
Divine by living his life on
earth in virtue.
• He created a new concept of
individual identity as the idea
of the self
• RENE DESCARTES
• “I think, therefore I am” (Cogito ergo sum).
• Dualistic distinction of the immaterial mind from the
body, all that we really are, or our identity, comes from
the mind.
• The fact that one thinks should lead one to conclude
(without a trace of doubt) that he exists
DESCARTES
JOHN LOCKE

• JOHN LOCKE
• He holds that personal identity (as the self) is a matter
of psychological continuity.
• He considered personal identity (self) to be founded
on consciousness (memory) and not on the substance
of either soul or body.
• Man is a bundle of collection of different perceptions
in the consciousness.
DAVID HUME • There is no self that
remains the same,
Consciousness is always
changing.
• Hume’s skeptical claim
is that: we have no
experience of a simple,
individual impression
that we can call the self,
where the “self” is the
totality of a person’s
conscious life.
There is an EMMANUEL
inner and KANT
outer self.
There is a • Moral duties are
mind that not
organizes the hypothetical.
different • They are what
impressions we ought to do,
that one gets
they are our
from the
duty.
external
world.
• SIGMUND FREUD developed a more structural
model of the mind comprising the entities ID,
EGO AND SUPEREGO in the personality
structure (what Freud called as “the psychic
apparatus”).

SIGMUND
FREUD
GILBERT RYLE
• He explains that there is no
hidden entity called "the
mind" inside a mechanical
apparatus called "the body”.
• The “self” is not an entity
one can locate and analyze,
but simply the convenient
name that people use to
refer to all the behaviors
that people make.
PAUL
CHURCHLAND
• He asserts that since
the mind can't be
experienced by our
senses, then the mind
doesn't really exist. It
is the physical brain
and not the imaginary
mind that gives us our
sense of self.
MAURICE
MERLEAU-PONTY
• Mind or consciousness
cannot be defined formally
in terms of self-knowledge
or representation, then, but
is essentially engaged in the
structures and actions of
the human world and
encompasses all of the
diverse intentional
orientations of human life.
ACTIVITY:
PICK WHAT IS FOR YOU FROM THE
ROLLED PAPERS (FOR F2F CLASSES)
• DO WHAT IS ASKED OF YOU
EXPLORE MORE. . .
ANSWER THE PROCESS QUESTIONS
(ONE WHOLE INTERMEDIATE PAD)
1. How do philosophers explain the concept
of the self?
2. Which of those concepts has a greater
impact to you? Why?
3. What generalizations can you make out of
those philosophical concepts of the self?
4. Cite some differences and similarities of
these concepts presented.
5. What significant insights did you gather from
the activity?
Refer to Google Classroom
for your Activities
(on Guide Questions)
• Additional Activity
(Take Home Assigned Tasks)

• Get a copy of the and listen to it:

“Remind me Who am I” Jason Gray


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSIVjjY8
Ou8)
Pick some striking lines for you from the
lyrics of the song and WHY?
(for group/class sharing)
Lyrics
“Remind me who I am” By Jason Gray
When I lose my way, and I forget my name
Remind me who I am; in the mirror all I see
Is whom I don't wanna be,
Remind me who I am in the loneliest places
When I can't remember what grace is
Tell me, once again who I am to you, who I am to You
Tell me, lest I forget who I am to you, that I belong to
you, to you
When my heart is like a stone, and I'm running far
from home
Remind me who I am, when I can't receive your love,
Afraid I'll never be enough, remind me who I am
If I’m your beloved, can you help me believe it
Tell me, once again, who I am to you,
who I am to you, who ….
Tell me, lest I forget who I am to you,
that I belong to you, to you
I'm the one you love, i'm the one you love
That will be enough , I'm the one you love

Tell me, once again who I am to you, who I am to you


Tell me, lest I forget who I am to you,
that I belong to you, whoa….
Tell me, once again who I am to you, who I am to you
Tell me, lest I forget who I am to You,
that I belong to you
To you….to you
***

You might also like